Energy Efficiency:
Expanded Scale of
Opportunities
Arshad Mansoor
Vice President,
Power Delivery & Utilization, EPRI
2008 Summer Seminar
August 4, 2008
Carbon Footprint of End Use Energy in U.S., 2006
In a Low Carbon Future Carbon Footprint Becomes the Primary
Metrics to Gauge the Scale of Energy Efficiency
DOE EIA, Annual Energy Outlook 2008, Tables A2. and A18.
© 2008 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
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The Expanded Scale of Energy Efficiency
• Traditional Energy Efficiency Measures
– Reducing carbon footprint by reducing use of electricity through
increasingly higher efficiency
• Electrifying End Use Processes
– Reducing carbon footprint by replacing direct combustion of fossil
fuel in end use processes with low carbon electricity
• Electrifying Transportation
– Reducing carbon footprint by replacing direct combustion of
petroleum with low carbon electricity
Significant Opportunity to Expand the Scale of Energy Efficiency
© 2008 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Low Carbon Generation is the Key
Decarbonizing the Electricity Sector Increases the Opportunity to
Reduce Carbon Footprint Through Efficient Use of Electricity
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Traditional Energy Efficiency Measures:
End to End
Breakdown of Electricity Use
Generation
Transmission
Distribution
~5%
~3%
~5%
Residence/
Buildings
~62%
Industries
~25%
Significant Opportunity to Improve End to End Efficiency
Electricity Industry is the Single Largest End User of Electricity
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Appliance Efficiency: Codes and Standards
Decrease in Energy Use for Three Major Appliances (Source: S. Nadel,
ACEEE, in ECEEE 2003 Summer Study, www.eceee.org)
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Next Generation Appliances:
Codes & Standards
• Increase in electricity use by adding a
46” plasma and a set-top box:
~860 kWh/yr/household or 2.7% of
US Electricity Consumption
Plasma TV (~250W),
Set-top Box (~30W)
• Increase in electricity use by adding
one digital photo frame per household:
~Five 250MW Generation Plant
Digital photo frame
(6W-15W)
By 2030 almost 30% of residential load will be “plug connected”
(DOE/EIA Annual Energy Outlook 2007)
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Electrifying End Uses: Heat Pump Example
41% Reduction
in Energy
and
32% Reduction in
Carbon Footprint
Power system losses based on average U.S. generation mix, AFUE: Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency; COP: Coefficient of Performance
DOE EIA Annual Energy Review 2006.
© 2008 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Japanese Heat Pump Technology R&D
• New heat pump technologies
emerging
– Heat pump water heaters - 5.2
million in Japan by 2010
– Heat pump washer/dryer
– 6% of global CO2 reduction using
Heat Pumps (IEA)
Heat Pump Water Heater
• Electric utilities sponsored R&D
• EPRI has initiated a large scale
demonstration project on emerging
heat pump technologies
[1] International Energy Agency Heat Pump Centre,
http://www.heatpumpcentre.org/About_heat_pumps/Energy_and_CO2.asp
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Heat Pump Washer Dryer
Benefits of 20 Mile Range PHEV
Annual Energy Consumption and Carbon Footprint Impact
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Example: Expanded Scale of Energy Efficiency
Single-Family
Home
Heat Pump
Replaces
Gas Furnace
Energy
Efficiency
Improvements
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PHEV 20
Replaces
Mid-Size Car
Baseline: Energy Use & Carbon Footprint
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Deploying Traditional Energy Efficiency
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Deploying Heat Pump Technology
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Deploying 20 Mile PHEV
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Opportunity for Expanding Scale of
Energy Efficiency
Effects of Traditional Energy Efficiency, Heat Pump Heating & Cooling, Mid-Size
PHEV, and Low Carbon Generation
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Infrastructure Need For Expanded Scale of EE
Need All Infrastructures to Evolve To Significantly Reduce Carbon
Footprint Through Efficient Use of Energy
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