16
Using, Misusing, and Abusing Latin in the
Early Modern Period
A conference at the University of Warwick
Friday and Saturday, 25–26 April 2014
Centre for the Study of the
Renaissance
Campus Map
Library
bus stop
Ramphal
Building
Humanities
Building
Social
Sciences
Building
Arts Centre
bus stop
2
Cha irs
Dr.Da vid A.Line s(It
a lia n/Ce nt
re fort
he St
ud yof t
he Re na issa nc e ,W a rwick)
Dr.Pa ulBotle y(Eng lish/Ce nt
re fort
he Stud yof the Re na issa nc e ,W a rwick)
Dr.M át
é V inc e
Dr.Ing rid d e Sm e t(Fre nc h/Ce nt
re fort
he St
ud yof t
he Re na issa nc e ,W a rwick)
Dr.Te re sa Gra nt(Eng lish,W a rwick)
M a ya Fe ile Tom e s(Cla ssics,Ca m b rid g e )
Dr.Ant
honyO ssa -Richa rd son
Confe re nc e St
a ff
Joa nna Rze pa ,PhDSt
ud e nt
,Eng lish a nd Com pa ra tive Lit
e ra rySt
ud ie s,W a rwick
Dr.And re a Se lle ri,Re se a rch Assoc ia t
e ,Eng lish a nd Com pa ra tive Lit
e ra rySt
ud ie s,
W a rwick
M icha e lTsa ng ,PhDSt
ud e nt
,Eng lish a nd Com pa ra tive Lit
e ra rySt
ud ie s,W a rwick
O rg a nise rs
Dr.Ant
honyO ssa -Richa rd son,Le ve rhulm e Ea rlyCa re e rFe llow,Sc hoolof Eng lish a nd
Dra m a ,Q ue e n M a ryU nive rsit
yof Lond on
t
e l:07791008925
Dr.M át
é V inc e ,Form e rIAS Ea rlyCa re e rFe llow,Re se a rch Assoc ia t
e ,Eng lish a nd
Com pa ra tive Lit
e ra rySt
ud ie s,W a rwick
t
e l:07531415220
15
Aaron Shapiro (Boston University), Neo-Latin Imitation As Emendation: William Gager’s
Supplements to Seneca’s Hippolytus
W illia m Ga g e r’ssupple m e nt
s(1592) t
o Se ne c a ’sH ippolyt
uscom m a nd a t
t
e nt
ion fort
he ir
sig nifica nc e b ot
ht
o Eng lish t
he a t
e rhist
ory a nd t
o t
he hist
ory of c la ssica l sc hola rship.
Ga g e r’se pilog ue — a spirit
e d d e fe nse of a c a d e m ic st
a g e -pla ys— spa rke d a c ont
rove rsywit
h
John Re ynold st
ha tb e g a n in La t
in a nd spille d ove rint
o Eng lish,a nd itd e se rve sc om pa rison
wit
h b et
t
e r-known ve rna c ula rd e fe nse sof poe t
ry a nd t
he a t
e r.The a d d it
ionsa sa whole
should b e und e rst
ood a spa rtof t
he wid e rpra c t
ice of im a g ina t
ive supple m e nt
at
ion,t
he
c om posit
ion of Gre e k a nd N e o-La t
in im it
at
ions t
o fill la c una e in c la ssica l t
e xt
s.The se
im a g ina t
ive int
e rpola t
ions b e long t
o t
he la rg e r phe nom e non of t
he hum a nist
supple m e nt
um ,which se rve d som e t
im e s t
o c om ple t
e pa rt
ia l t
e xt
s a nd som e t
im e s t
o
surm ountt
e xt
sa lre a d yc om ple t
e (e .
g.
,M a ffe o V e g io’sc om posit
ion of a t
hirt
e e nt
h b ook for
t
he Ae ne id ).Build ing upon t
he sc hola rship of J.W .Binnsa nd Da na Sut
t
on,Ia rg ue t
ha t
Ga g e r’ssupple m e nt
s,c onsid e re d in t
hisc ont
e xt
,she d lig htb ot
h on t
he pra c t
ice sof ot
he r
Re na issa nc e e d it
ors(e .
g.
,Erm ola o Ba rb a ro,Joha nne sFre inshe im ) a nd on t
he m ot
iva t
ions,
st
at
e d a nd im plicit
,t
ha tle d sc hola rspa ra d oxica lly t
o honorc la ssica lt
e xt
sb y a d ult
e ra t
ing
t
he m wit
h ne w m a t
e ria l.
Dr. Paul White (University of Manchester), Teaching Latin in the Grammar Class on the
cusp of the French Renaissance
‘N ob od y,e xc e pt t
he young e st pupils in t
he e le m e nt
a ry c la ss,should spe a k in t
he
ve rna c ula r;m ore ove r,t
o he lpt
he young one sle a rn,t
he m ore a d va nc e d pupilswhe n t
a lking
t
ot
he m should spe a k firstin La t
in,a nd t
he n t
ra nsla t
e int
ot
he ve rna c ula ronly wha tt
he y
ha ve notund e rst
ood .
’(Nemo nisi parvulus, idemque elementarius, vernacule loquatur: quinetiam
ut ipsi parvuli discant, provectiores una cum his loquendo, prius Latine dicant, deinde vernaculo
sermone interpretentur, siquid minus intellexerint.
) The sixt
e e nt
h-ce nt
ury st
at
ut
e s of t
he
Collèg e d e Guye nne sug g e stt
ha tin t
he hum a nistsc hoolsof t
he Fre nc h Re na issa nc e ,La t
in
wa se ve ryt
hing .La t
in wa sb ot
ht
he only sub je c ta nd t
he only m e d ium of inst
ruc t
ion,a nd
m a st
e ry of t
he la ng ua g e in b ot
h ora la nd writ
t
e n form wa st
he e xpe c t
e d out
c om e .This,a t
le a st
,wa st
he id e a l.Fra nçoise W a que ta nd ot
he rsha ve hig hlig ht
e d how form uc h of it
s
m od e rn hist
ory,t
he re a lit
y of La t
in e d uc a t
ion fe llfa rshortof t
he id e a l.Iint
e nd t
o look in
pa rt
icula r a t t
he t
e a c hing pra c t
ice s of Jod oc us Ba d ius Asc e nsius,who ha d b e e n a
sc hoolm a st
e rin a Lyon g ra m m a rsc hoolin t
he 1490s,a nd wa sin Pa risa print
e ra nd a ut
hor
of g ra m m a rt
e xt
b ooksa nd c om m e nt
a rie st
ha tha d a wid e d ist
rib ut
ion a nd we re use d we ll
int
ot
he sixt
e e nt
h c e nt
ury.To jud g e from t
he va ste xpa nse sof La t
in t
e xtt
ha tm a ke up
Ba d ius’s‘fa m ilia r’(g ra m m a t
ica l) c om m e nt
a rie s,one m ig hte a sily c onc lud e t
ha thum a nist
t
e a c he rslike Ba d iust
a ug htt
he re a d ing of c la ssica l t
e xt
st
hroug h t
ot
a l im m e rsion in t
he
La t
in la ng ua g e from t
he b e g inning .Bute vid e nc e t
o t
he c ont
ra ry e xist
sin t
he form of
ve rna c ula rg losse sin La t
in c om m e nt
a rie s,a nd b iling ua l g ra m m a rt
e xt
b ookst
ha tBa d ius
him se lf print
e d orc olla b ora t
e d on,which c om b ine d t
he La t
in wit
h e xplica t
ory t
e xtin
Eng lish,Sc ot
s,Fre nc h orFle m ish.
14
Confe re nc e Prog ra m m e
Friday, 25 April
10.45–11.30
Re g ist
ra t
ion (Te a /Coffe e )
The Gra d ua t
e Spa ce
11.30
O pe ning
Ra m pha lBuild ing ,R1.
15
11.45–12.45
Pa ne l1
Ra m pha lBuild ing ,R1.
15– Cha ir:David A. Lines
Caroline Spearing,La t
in in Books1–2 of Ab ra ha m Cowle y’sLibri Plantarum
Sex (166
3)
William Barton,La t
in a nd t
he V e rna cula rin Ea rlyM od e rn V e rona :Two
Ac c ount
sof Tripst
o M ont
e Ba ld o
13.00–14.00
Lunc h
The Gra d ua t
e Spa ce
14.00–15.00
Pa ne l2
H um a nit
ie sBuild ing ,H 5.
45– Cha ir:Paul Botley
Giuliana Di Biase,Cice ro’sLa t
in in Loc ke ’sworks.A ca se of m isusing
Andrzej Probulski,A Counc ilDivid e d :prud e nt
ia a nd a nce psc onsilium in S.
H .Lub om irski’sDe vanitate consiliorum
15.00–15.30
Te a /Coffe e
The Gra d ua t
e Spa ce
3
15.30–17.00
Pa ne l3
H um a nit
ie sBuild ing ,H 5.
45– Cha ir:Máté Vince
Hugh Roberts a nd Annette Tomarken,De spa ut
e rius,Brusc a m b ille ,a nd t
he
Com e d yof La t
in Gra m m a r
Paul White,Te a c hing La t
in in t
he Gra m m a rCla sson t
he c uspof t
he Fre nc h
Re na issa nc e
Francesco Lucioli,The Ad vice of a M a st
e r:A Re a d ing of Prospe ro Ac rim a t
o’s
Pareneticum Carmen In Catonis Praecepta De Moribus
17.00–17.30
Te a /Coffe e
17.30–18.30
Ke y-not
e Le c t
ure
Andrew Taylor,Era sm us,re form ing la ng ua g e a nd t
he hum a n
H um a nit
ie sBuild ing ,H 5.
45– Cha ir:Ingrid de Smet
19.00
Confe re nc e Dinne r(Xa na na '
s)
4
Caroline Spearing (King’s College, London) Latin in Books 1–2 of Abraham Cowley’s
Libri Plantarum Sex (1663)
W ha twe re t
he im plica t
ionsof pub lishing a La t
in lit
e ra ry poe m in Re st
ora t
ion Eng la nd ?
W hile t
he d id a c t
ic t
ra d it
ion wa sst
illflourishing on t
he Cont
ine nt
,Eng lish poe t
sha d fort
he
m ostpa rtfollowe d t
he le a d of M ilt
on,who a ft
e rt
he Poemataof 16
45wrot
e pre d om ina nt
lyin
t
he ve rna c ula r.Butin 16
6
3 Ab ra ha m Cowle ypub lishe d t
he firstt
wo b ooks-ove r2,
500line s
-of his Plantarum,a nd in 16
6
8 ca m e t
he post
hum ous a ppe a ra nc e of a ll six,t
he Libri
Plantarum Sex.The va stm a jorit
yof Cowle y’swork isin Eng lish,a nd t
he Plantarum, wit
h it
s
a ppa ra t
usof le a rne d foot
not
e s,ha st
ra d it
iona lly b e e n vie we d a st
he prod uc tof Cowle y’s
re t
ire m e nt
,whe n polit
ica l d isfa vour d rove him t
o pursue b ot
a nica l st
ud ie s in t
he
c ount
rysid e .
Thispa pe rwillfoc uson b ooks1-2,c onsid e ring whe t
he rt
he c hoice of La t
in a st
he ve hicle
fort
he Plantarum re pre se nt
sm ore t
ha n t
he pre fe rre d c hoice fora work of sc ie nt
ific st
ud y.
Eve n in t
he se firstt
wo b ooks,c onve nt
iona lly re g a rd e d a s t
he m ostst
ra ig ht
forwa rd ly
d id a c t
ic,we find c lose e ng a g e m e ntb ot
h wit
h c la ssica l int
e rt
e xt
s(pa rt
icula rly O vid a nd
V irg il) a nd wit
h c ont
e m pora rypolit
ics.Cowle y’sa c c om m od a t
ion wit
ht
he Realpolitik of t
he
16
50sha d b a c kfire d spe c t
a c ula rly,a nd Isha llb e a sking whe t
he rin t
he Plantarum he d re w
on hislong c a re e ra sse c re ta g e nta nd c rypt
og ra phe rt
o c re a t
e a t
e xtwhich c ont
a ine d
m e ssa g e sa c c e ssib le onlyt
o a hig hly-ed uc a t
e d a nd e sse nt
ia llyt
rust
wort
hym inorit
y.
Prof. Hugh Roberts (University of Exeter) and Dr. Annette Tomarken(Miami University
of Ohio), Despauterius, Bruscambille, and the Comedy of Latin Grammar
Any e d uc a t
e d sixt
e e nt
h-orse ve nt
e e nt
h-ce nt
ury Fre nc hm a n would sig h a tt
he m e m ory of
le a rning La t
in using t
he m e t
hod sof t
he Fle m ish g ra m m a ria n Ja n va n Spa ut
e re n (146
01520),
usua llyknown a sDe spa ut
e riusorDe spa ut
ère in Fre nc h.The le a rne d g ra m m a ria n’suse of
m e m oriza t
ion,list
s,spe c ia lt
ype -fa c e sa nd e ve n shortpoe m sa sm ne m onic t
e a c hing t
ools
wa st
o b e prom ine ntin t
he t
e a c hing of e le m e nt
a ry Fre nc h g ra m m a rin sc hoolsunt
ilwe ll
int
ot
he se ve nt
e e nt
h c e nt
ury.Ind e e d ,he wa sso we ll known t
ha tBrusc a m b ille ,t
a le nt
ed
prolog ue ura tt
he H ôt
e ld e Bourg og ne in Pa ris,wa sa b le t
o inc lud e in hisc om ic spe e che sa
num b e r of spe c ific re fe re nc e s t
o De spa ut
ère ’s rule s. But his purpose in using suc h
re fe re nc e swa st
o a m use a nd t
o e st
a b lish a b ond wit
h hisla rg e lym a le a ud ie nc e ra t
he rt
ha n
t
o e d uc a t
e .O ft
e n pre se nt
ing him se lf a sa m uc h-m a lig ne d t
e a c he rorpe d a nt
,he m a d e use of
De spa ut
ère ’s rule s,pa rt
icula rly t
hose c onc e rning g e nd e r,t
o m a ke se xistre m a rks a nd
sc a t
olog ica lpuns.W e propose t
ot
ra c e t
he b a c kg round t
o Brusc a m b ille ’sre c urre ntint
e re st
in De spa ut
ère a nd t
o e xplore t
he wa ys in which his fa sc ina t
ion wit
h t
he
g ra m m a ria n/sc hoolm a st
e r fig ure e na b le d him t
o d e ve lop a spe c t
s of his own t
he a t
rica l
persona,one c onst
a nt
lym a rke d b ye rud it
ion worn lig ht
ly.
13
t
he st
yle of t
he c la ssica l g e nre in t
he irown c om positions.Itwill re ve a l t
he e xt
e ntt
o
which t
he se poe t
swe re a b le t
o d et
e c tst
ylist
ic fe a t
ure soutsid e of c om m e ntarie sa nd
poe t
ic m a nua lsa nd e xplore e a rlym od e rn a pproa c he st
o La t
in m e t
re in sa t
ire ,a n a spe c t
of c la ssica lim it
a tion t
ha tisoft
e n ne g le c ted in c ont
e m pora ry sc hola rship.Thisin t
urn
willhe lp show how e a rly m od e rn poe t
sa nd sc hola rsa d a pt
e d a nd a ppropria t
e d from
c la ssica lLa t
in t
o m e e tt
he irown ne e d s.M y pa pe rwilluse thisinform a tion t
o a d d re ss
t
he que st
ion of t
he e xt
e ntt
o which m e t
rica l a nd st
ylist
ic c onsid e ra tions re fle c ta
d e ve lopm e nt a nd im prove m e nt in und e rst
a nd ing c la ssica l poe t
s as t
he c e nt
ury
prog re sse d a nd show t
o wha te xt
e nta c onsid e ra tion of m e trica l im it
a tion e vinc e sa n
und e rst
a nd ing of how sa tire ,a nd in c onse que nc e ot
he r g e nre s,wa s t
he orise d a nd
und e rst
ood .
Andrzej Probulski (Jagiellonian University, Cracow), A Council Divided: prudentia
and anceps consilium in S. H. Lubomirski’s De vanitate consiliorum
The pa pe ra im st
o d isc usssom e of t
he le xica l c hoice sm a d e b y St
a nisła w H e ra kliusz
Lub om irski(1642-1702) in hisne ola tin d ia log ue De vanitate consiliorum.Print
ed t
wo
ye a rsb e fore hisd e a t
h,De vanitate consiliorum wa sone of the m ostfa m ousworksof
Lub om irskia m ong hisc ont
e m pora rie s,a nd re m a insto b e one of t
he m ostpuzzling for
t
he m od e rn sc hola rs.W a s ita politica l t
e st
a m e ntof a d isillusione d politicia n? A
m a nife stof hisphilosophica lsc e pticism ?A m e re d ispla yof hisrhe t
orica lprowe ss?
By m a king a c onne c t
ion b e t
we e n two se e m ing ly d e t
a c he d La t
in t
e rm se m ploye d b y
Lub om irski– prudentia a nd consilium anceps – Ia t
t
e m ptt
o propose a ne w pe rspe c t
ive on
De vanitate consiliorum.Situa ting t
he a fore m e nt
ione d t
e rm s in a b roa d e r rhe torica l
c ont
e xtof Lub om irki’swork,Ipre se ntt
he m a sa kind of a m e tac om m e nt
a ryon hisown
use of t
wo-fold a rg um e nt
s(disputatio in utramque partem):b ot
h a sa n use ful t
ool for
pra c t
ica ljud g e m e nta nd a sa n ob st
a c le to c onse nt
.
M y a im isto d e m onst
ra t
e t
he sub tle wa y in which Lub om irskiint
e rwe a ve st
he le ss
ob viousm e a ning sof La tin t
e rm sin hisd ia log ue :while t
he politica l prudentia (b e ing
re pre se nt
e d in Ea rly M od e rn iconog ra phya sha ving two he a d st
urne d in t
wo opposit
e
d ire c t
ions) would a llow form a king rig htpolit
ica l d e c isions,t
he consilium anceps (lit.
“t
wo-he a d e d c ounc il”) would a tt
he sa m e t
im e b e a n inst
itution inhe re nt
lyinc a pa b le of
t
a king a c tion.
12
Saturday, 26 April
The whole d a yt
a ke spla c e in Social Sciences, S0.10
10.00–11.30
Pa ne l4
Cha ir:Teresa Grant
David Andrew Porter,The Prosod ya nd St
yle of ne o-La tin Sa tire in t
he 16t
h
c e nt
ury
Sofia Guthrie,A Prot
e st
a ntPa linurus:V irg ilia n sa c rifice in Antoine Ga rissole s’
Adolphid
Rocco Di Dio,Re a d ing ,Exc e rpt
ing a nd Re using La t
in a nd Cla ssica lTe xt
s:M a rsilio
Ficino a nd H isN ot
e b ooks
11.30-12.00
Te a /Coffe e
12.00–13.30
Pa ne l5
Cha ir:M a ya Fe ile Tom e s
John T. Gilmore,Approa c he st
o m od e rn La t
in poe t
ry:Tra nsla t
ing t
he Ab b é
M a ssie u’sCaffaeum, Carmen
Desiree Arbo,La t
in Epic a nd Pla t
onism in t
he Je suitProvinc e of Pa ra g ua y
Andrew Laird,La tin a nd e d uc a t
ion of t
he na t
ive nob ilityin post
-conque stM e xico
13.30–14.30
Lunc h
14.30–16
Pa ne l6
Cha ir:Anthony Ossa-Richardson
Giacomo Comiati,Pre se nc e a nd use of H ora t
ia n Ca rm ina in Sixt
e e nt
h-ce nt
ury
V e nice
Linda Grant,Im itat
io,int
e rt
e xtua litya nd re c e pt
ion:re -writ
ing c la ssica lLa t
in love
e le g yin sixt
e e nth-ce nt
uryEng la nd
Aaron Shapiro,N e o-La t
in Im itat
ion AsEm e nd a tion:W illia m Ga g e r’sSupple m e nt
s
t
o Se ne c a ’sHippolytus
16
Closing re m a rks
5
Ab st
ra c t
s
Desiree Arbo (University of Warwick), Latin Epic and Platonism in the Jesuit
Province of Paraguay: José Manuel Peramás and Re-Using the Classics in EighteenthCentury Spanish America
Je suitLa t
in c ulture b e t
we e n t
he se ve nt
e e nt
ht
ot
he e ig ht
e e nt
h c e nt
urie sha sb e e n t
he
sub je c tof g rowing a t
t
e nt
ion in re c e ntd e c a d e s.The Je suit
sc ult
iva t
e d c la ssica lle a rning
a nd t
he La tin hum a nism which wa sint
e g ra lt
ot
he ire d uc a t
iona lsyst
e m on b ot
h sid e sof
t
he At
la nt
ic,b utfe w sc hola rsha ve stud ie d one of t
he m ostfa m oust
he a t
re sof t
he ir
la b ours:t
he Gua ra nim issionsof Pa ra g ua y,ort
he Je suitProvinc e of Pa ra qua ria .This
pre se nt
at
ion e xplore st
he d iffe re ntuse sof La t
in b yJosé M a nue lPe ra m ás(1732-1793),a
Spa nish Je suitwho live d a nd worke d a tt
he Je suitU nive rsity of Córd ob a (Arg e nt
ina )
a nd t
he m ission of Sa n Ig na c io M iníb e fore b e ing e xile d t
o It
a lyin 176
7.H isworksc ove r
a va rie t
y of g e nre s,inc lud ing b iog ra phy,e pic poe t
ry a nd ora t
ory.Thispre se nt
at
ion
e xplore st
wo workswhich illust
ra t
e hisg re a tfa c ilit
y in La t
in a nd e xt
e nsive re a d ing of
c la ssica l t
e xt
s:a n e pic poe m ,De Inve nt
o N ovo O rb e (1777),a nd a prose t
re a t
ise
c om pa ring t
he Je suitm issionsof Pa ra g ua yt
ot
he id e a lst
at
e in Pla t
o’sRe pub lic:the De
a d m inist
ra t
ione Gua ra nica c om pa ra ta a d re m pub lica m Pla t
onisc om m e nt
a rius(1793).A
st
ud yof t
he se two worksa nd t
he d istinc tive wa yin which b oth t
e xt
swe re pre se nt
ed b y
t
he ira ut
horre ve a lsnotonlyt
he e xt
e ntof c la ssica lle a rning in t
hisc orne rof t
he world ,
b uta lso how t
he use of t
he c la ssics,c om b ine d wit
h hisknowle d g e a nd e xpe rie nc e of
c olonia l Spa nish Am e rica ,e na b le d José M a nue l Pe ra m ás t
o prod uc e unique a nd
innova t
ive worksof La t
in lit
e ra t
ure .
Prof. Giuliana Di Biase (Università G. d'Annunzio Chieti-Pescara Italy), Cicero’s
Latin in Locke’s works. A case of misusing
Cice ro’sinflue nc e on Loc ke ’sphilosophica lt
houg ht
,e spe c ia llym ora lt
houg ht
,isc le a rly
a ppa re nta tle a stsinc e t
he Quaestiones on the Law of Nature writ
t
en b yt
he la tt
e rin 16
6
4.
Pe rha ps,itis le ss c le a r how Loc ke som e t
im e s m isuse d Cice ro’s La t
in,in ord e r t
o
at
t
rib ut
e a ne w m e a ning t
ot
e rm swhich ha d b e c om e a m b ig uousin t
he la ng ua g e of his
t
im e .In pa rt
icula r,a sisc onfirm e d b y a 16
84m a nusc riptnote,Loc ke d ist
a nc e d him se lf
from t
he m e a ning Cice ro a t
t
rib ut
ed t
o the t
e rm prudentia in De Officiis,a nd in a 16
87
m a nusc riptnot
e c ont
a ining a c la ssifica tion of t
he sc ie nc e she re m old e d itb y m a king it
synonym ouswit
h Cice ro’snot
ion of decorum. Ac c ord ing t
o De Officiis,b ot
h prudentia
a nd decorum a re pa rtsofhonestum, t
houg h t
he yre fe rt
o d iffe re ntse t
sof virt
ue s;prob a b ly,
in t
he e ig htie sLoc ke b e g a n t
o fe e lt
he m e a ning Cice ro a t
t
rib ut
ed t
o prudentia (which wa s
ve ry ne a rt
ot
he Thom ist
ic-Arist
ot
e lia n one ) wa st
oo ind e t
e rm ina t
e ,b e ing notc le a rly
d ist
ing uishe d from tha tof sapientia. Asa m a t
t
e rof fa c t,t
he term prudentia ha d b e c a m e
6
Prof. Andrew Laird (University of Warwick), Latin and education of the native
nobility in post-conquest Mexico
In t
he d e c a d e sa ft
e rt
he Spa nish c onque stof M e xico in 1521 Fra nc isc a n m issiona rie s
provid e d a n a d va nc e d e d uc a tion in La t
in t
o a se le c tnum b e rof yout
hsfrom t
he N a hua
(or‘Azt
e c ’) e lit
e sof c e nt
ra lM e xico.The pa pe rwillc ha lle ng e c onve nt
iona la ssum pt
ions
a b outt
he purpose of t
ha te d uc a t
ion,in t
he lig htof som e t
e xt
sprod uc e d b yt
he stud e nt
s
t
he m se lve s.Itwillb e shown t
ha tt
he out
c om e sof t
he N a hua s't
ra ining we re in som e
re spe c t
sb e ne ficia lfort
he pre se rva t
ion of t
he irla ng ua g e sa nd tra d itions,b utd e t
rim e nt
al
in ot
he rs.
Francesco Lucioli (University of Cambridge), The Advice of a Master: A Reading of
Prospero Acrimato’s Pareneticum Carmen In Catonis Praecepta De Moribus
Prospe ro Ac rim a t
o,a n It
a lia n hum a nistknown t
o use xc lusive ly t
hroug h hispoe t
ica l
work,pub lishe d in 1539 a Pareneticum carmen in Catonis praecepta de moribus,a n
int
e re st
ing e xa m ple of re writing of t
he Disticha Catonis.The Disticha Catoniswe re usua lly
use d a sa sc hola rlytext
,t
ot
e a c h a nd le a rn La t
in.Thisisa lso the a im of t
he firstpa rtof
Ac rim a t
o’swork,d e d ica t
ed t
o hispupilPa olo N om e nt
a no:itc ont
a insa se rie sof use ful
pe d a g og ica l a d vice ,int
rod uc e d b y spe c ific tit
le s,on b ot
h g ood la ng ua g e a nd g ood
m a nne rs.The se a d vice a re re writ
t
e n in t
he se c ond pa rtof t
he text
,d e d ica t
ed t
o a c e rt
a in
N icc olò Tife rna t
e ,whe re Ac rim a t
o offe rsa ‘ioc osa pa linod ia ’of t
he sa m e sug g e stions:
pre se rving t
he sa m e t
itle sof t
he disticha,Ac rim a t
o writ
e sa pa linod e of b ot
ht
he form a nd
t
he m ora lm e a ning of t
he orig ina lt
e xt
s.A d e t
a ile d a na lysisof t
hisc olle c t
ion ha sne ve r
b een at
t
e m pt
e d b e fore ,b utitwilloffe ra n int
e re sting pe rspe c t
ive on t
he use a nd t
he
a b use of La t
in in t
he Ea rlyM od e rn sc hools,a sitwillfoc uson hum a nistic e d uc a tion a nd
t
he wa ysc hola rsa nd m a st
e rsd e a lta nd pla ye d wit
h La t
in.
David Andrew Porter (University of Cambridge), The Prosody and Style of neo-Latin
Satire in the 16th century
Cla ssica l La tin sa t
ire provid e d t
hre e poe t
s,H ora c e ,Juve na l a nd Pe rsius,a s g e ne ric
m od e lsforne o-La tin sa t
irist
s.The se a nc ie ntpoe t
sprovid e d t
he e a rlym od e rn poe twit
h
a se tof m e t
rica la nd st
ylistic fe a ture st
ha td ist
ing uishe d t
he La t
in g e nre .Ye t
,a lt
houg h
t
he st
yle a nd m e t
re of m od e lpoe t
s,suc h a sO vid a nd V irg il,we re d isc usse d in e a rly
m od e rn poe t
ic t
re a tise s,t
he d isc ussion of sa t
ire foc use d on e t
ym olog ica la nd historica l
que stionst
ot
he ne g le c tof m e t
rica lc onc e rns.Thisle ftt
he im it
at
ion of t
he unique style of
a nc ie ntsa t
ire in t
he ha nd sof ind ivid ua lne o-La t
in poe t
s.M ypa pe rwille xa m ine how a
ra ng e of sixt
e e nt
h-ce nt
ury ne o-La t
in sa tirica lpoe t
s,suc h a sPe t
rusM ont
a nus,Thom a s
N a og e org ,M a rc-Antoine M ure t
,Ge org e Buc ha na n a nd ot
he rs,ind e pe nd e nt
ly a d opt
ed
11
To illust
ra t
e t
he va lue of t
hisa pproa c h,t
he se c ond ha lf of thispa pe rwilllook a ttwo
e xa m ple sof Re na issa nc e imitatio a nd will e xplore how ke y word sc re a t
e int
e rt
e xt
ua l
c ond uit
swhich link text
sin re ve a ling wa ys:candida in Ca tullus6
8,Pe t
ra rch’s‘U na c e rva
c a nd id a ’a nd W ya t
t
’s‘W hoso Listt
o H unt
’;a nd regna in O vid ’sAmores 3.
7,Donne ’s‘To
H isM ist
re ssGoing to Be d ’a nd Thom a sN a she ’sChoice of Valentines.
Sofia Guthrie (University of Warwick), A Protestant Palinurus: Virgilian sacrifice in
Antoine Garissoles’ Adolphid
The Adolphid isa La tin e pic pub lishe d in Fra nc e in 16
49.It
sa ut
hor,Ant
oine Ga rissole s
(1587-16
50),wa sa H ug ue nota nd a profe ssorof The olog y a tthe Prot
e st
a nta c a d e m y a t
M ont
a ub a n.The sub je c tof t
he poe m ist
he Swe d ish king Gust
a vusAd olphus(15941632),port
ra ye d a sa he roic d e fe nd e rof hisfe llow Europe a n Prot
e st
a nt
sin t
he Thirty
Ye a rs'W a r(1618-1648).
Itiswe ll e st
a b lishe d (e .
g .Gre g ory 1999) t
ha tin 16t
h-a nd 17t
h-ce nt
ury Europe t
he
powe rg e ne ra t
e d b ym a rt
yrd om wa suse d t
o form ula t
e a sha re d Prot
e st
a ntid e nt
ity,a nd
t
ha tm a rt
yrolog ica le le m e nt
sa ppe a re d in a wid e ra ng e of lit
e ra ryg e nre s.M ypa pe ra im s
t
o inve st
ig a t
e how Ant
oine Ga rissole sha se m ploye d a pa ra d ig m b orrowe d from a nc ie nt
e pic t
o d e pictt
he Swe d ish king a sa Prot
e st
a ntm a rt
yr.
M ya na lysiswillfoc uson line s11.
510-6
67 of t
he Adolphid,in which a sust
a ine d a llusion
t
ot
he sa c rifice of Pa linurusre la t
ed b y t
he Rom a n poe tV irg il in Aeneid 5.
827-871 is
wove n a round GustavusAd olphus'd e a t
h on t
he b a t
tle -fie ld .Thispa pe rwillsug g e st
t
ha tV irg il'
sAeneid isuse d a sa c iphe rt
o e le va t
e t
he st
a tusof the king '
sd e a th,proje c t
ing
ita st
he sa c rifice of a g uilt
le ssvictim fort
he Prot
e st
a ntc a use ,a nd t
ha tt
he use of t
he
La t
in la ng ua g e fa c ilitat
e st
he e ffe c tive t
ra nsm ission of t
hisvie wpoint
.
Exploring t
he use of suc h a n e pic pa ra d ig m isnotonlyim portantforprovid ing insig ht
int
o how La tin poe try re fle c t
e d 17t
h-ce nt
ury re lig iousa nd polit
ica lid e a s,b uta lso for
c a lling a t
t
e ntion t
o t
he role Cla ssics a nd t
he La t
in la ng ua g e ha d in prom ot
ing
int
e rna tiona lProt
e stant
ism .
10
a m b ig uous in Loc ke ’s t
im e :it
s m ora l sig nifica tion wa s ob sc ure d b y t
he stra t
e g ic
m e a ning c onfe rre d t
o itin som e writ
ing s(e spe c ia llyB.Gra c ia n’sOraculo manual y arte de
prudencia),he nc e t
he ne c e ssit
y Loc ke fe ltt
o re m old t
he m e a ning of Cice ro’snotion of
prudentia wa sprob a b lyd ue t
o hisd e sire to pre se rve t
he t
e rm from furt
he rc orrosion.
William Barton (King’s College, London), Latin and the Vernacular in Early Modern
Verona: Two Accounts of Trips to Monte Baldo
Att
he e nd of t
he 16th c e nt
uryt
wo a pot
he c a rie sund e rt
ook re se a rch t
ripst
o M ont
e Ba ld o,
one of t
he Pre -Alpine pe a ksa round La ke Ga rd a .The ira uthorsc a m e from t
he sa m e
t
own,we re e m ploye d in t
he sa m e profe ssion,we re onlyone g e ne ra t
ion a pa rta nd – t
he
pointof int
e re stforthispa pe r– pub lishe d t
he ira c c ount
sin b ot
h La tin a nd It
a lia n.
Fra nc e sc o Ca lzola ripub lishe d hisIl Viaggio di Monte Baldo in 156
6
.Itwa sfollowe d b ya
La t
in ve rsion in 1571,a lso pub lishe d in V e nice .Joa nne sPona ’sPlantae…quae in Baldo
Monte…reperiuntur wa sfirstpub lishe d in La t
in in 16
01 a tAnt
we rp.Itwa sfollowe d 16
ye a rsla t
e rb ya n Italia n t
ra nsla t
ion print
e d in V e nice .
The se t
wo a c c ount
soffe ra ne a tc a se st
ud y of t
he re la t
ionship b e t
we e n La tin a nd t
he
ve rna c ula rforEa rly M od e rn na t
ura list
s– t
he y we re writ
t
e n b y ne a rc ont
e m pora rie s
wit
h sim ila rint
e re stsa nd a b outt
he sa m e m ount
a in,b utone wa spub lishe d firstin
It
a lia n,t
he ot
he rin La t
in.The ywe re b ot
h sub se que ntlyfollowe d b yt
ra nsla t
ions.
Thispa pe rwilllook a tt
he c ircum st
a nc e sa nd m ot
iva t
ionst
ha tCa lzola ria nd Pona m ig ht
ha ve ha d fort
he irc hoice of la ng ua g e forpub lica t
ion.Iwill firstc onsid e rt
he m ore
ord ina ry fa c torsin suc h a c hoice ,suc h a st
he a ud ie nc e e nvisa g e d fort
he works,t
he
inc lusion of t
he worksin la rg e rvolum e sor,ind e e d ,t
he la ng ua g e skillsof t
he ira uthors.
ButIwill c onc lud e b y offe ring som e m ore sug g e st
ive a nd pe rha psm ore int
e re st
ing
re a sonst
ha tt
he se two Ea rlyM od e rn a ut
horsm ig htha ve ha d forc hoosing La tin ort
he
ve rna c ula rfort
he irworks.
Giacomo Comiati (University of Warwick), Presence and use of Horatian Carmina in
Sixteenth-century Venice
M y pa pe ra im st
o a na lyse t
he use of t
he H ora t
ia n Carmina t
he V e ne t
ia n poe tCe lio
M a g no (1536
-1602) d oe sin hisBook of Rhym e s(pub lishe d in 16
00).
In sixt
e e nt
h-ce nt
uryIt
a lyt
he m ostusua la nd a c knowle d g e d wa yt
o writ
e poe t
rywa st
o
follow t
he Pe t
ra rcha n m od e l.De spit
e t
hisc om m on lit
e ra ryt
re nd ,som e a ut
horsd e c id e d
t
o e xpre sst
he irne e d forinnova t
ion wit
hin t
he poe tica lfie ld b yfollowing ,t
og e t
he rwit
h
t
he e xa m ple of Pe tra rch,t
ha t ot
he r c a nonise d poe t
s,m a inly La t
in a ut
hors (like
Prope rt
ius,Tib ullusa nd H ora c e ).
7
In t
hispa pe rIwa ntt
o st
ud yt
he pa rt
icula ruse Ce lio M a g no d oe sof t
he Carmina poe m s
b yH ora c e .The It
a lia n poe tisnotonlyinspire d b yt
he m ,b uthe c onst
ruc t
shisown b ook
of rhym e sa c c ord ing t
o a pre c ise m ora lpa t
hwa y,which ism od e lle d m a inlyon H ora t
ia n
pre c e pt
s.M a g no in hispoe m sinvit
e sa tfirsthisre a d e rst
o a c c e ptt
he ird oom of b e ing s
c ond e m ne d t
o d e a th (a sH ora c e usua lly d oe sin hisOdes),t
he n he invit
e st
he m t
o
c onsid e rt
wo possib le she lt
e rswit
h which t
o prot
e c tfrom t
he a d ve rsitie sof life :1) t
he
locus amoenus (ple a sa ntpla c e ),whe re t
o re t
ire wit
h frie nd sin ord e rt
o forg e tworld ly
worrie s,a nd 2) poe try it
se lf,which ist
he only prot
ect
ion form e n from t
he t
yra nny of
t
im e a nd ob livion.H ora c e c onst
a ntly d e ve lopsb ot
ht
he se topicsin hisCarmina a nd
M a g no re vit
a lise st
he m in hisc om posit
ions.
The use of t
he La tin poe tb yt
he It
a lia n one isa lm ostunique a nd wort
h to b e st
ud ie d a sa
re m a rka b le e xa m ple of how e a rly-m od e rn a ut
horsuse d Cla ssica l poe t
st
o re vitalise
d iffe re ntlit
e ra ryt
ra d it
ions.
Rocco Di Dio (University of Warwick), Reading, Excerpting and Reusing Latin and
Classical Texts: Marsilio Ficino and His Notebooks
The a im of t
hispa pe rist
o e xplore a nd foc uson som e m a nusc ript
sprod uc e d b yM a rsilio
Ficino,t
he Re na issa nc e sc hola rwho wa sla rg e lyre sponsib le fort
he re viva lof Pla t
onism
in we st
e rn Europe .
Ficino’sm a nusc ript
sa re e vid e nc e of a com m on pra c t
ice a m ong Re na issa nc e sc hola rs:
whilstre a d ing a nc ie ntt
e xt
s,hum a nist
sse le c t
e d a nd t
ra nsc rib e d pa ssa g e sof spe c ia l
int
e re stin not
e b ooks.The se int
e nse c lose re a d ing sre sult
e d in t
he c re a t
ion of t
he soc a lle d zibaldoni,re pe rt
oire sof t
e xt
st
ha tc om pile rsc ould re c a lla nd re use ,a ta la t
e rst
ag e,
in t
he irsc hola rlya c t
ivit
y.Suc h m a nusc ript
sa re t
he re sultof t
wo im pulse s:t
he form e ris
pre se rva t
ive a nd le a d ssc hola rst
o se le c t
,g a t
he r,a nd org a nise c la ssica lt
e xt
s;t
he la tt
e ris
c re a t
ive :ind e e d ,t
he t
e xt
ua lm a t
e ria lt
ra nsc rib e d in t
he se m a nusc ript
s,re d uc e d t
o b rie f
e xc e prt
sa nd som e t
im e sa sse m b le d in se que nc e swhich a re d iffe re ntfrom t
he orig ina l
t
e xt
,re pre se nt
st
he b a sisof t
he irwriting ne w works.Throug h a proc e ssof re d uc t
ion a nd
re work,form ula e ,im a g e s,pa t
t
e rnsof a rg um e nta nd m od e lse m ploye d b y t
he e a rlie r
t
ra d ition a c quire a ne w m e a ning a st
he y g e tse le c t
e d a nd d ispla ye d into t
he text
ua l
re pe rt
oire a nd t
he n g e tint
e g ra t
e d int
ot
he ne w work.
Ficino’sa nt
holog ie s,a st
e xt
ua lb a sisforthe c om posit
ion of hisLa t
in c om m e nt
a rie sa nd
philosophica lt
re a t
ise s,re pre se nta pre c iousa c c e sske yt
ot
he hum a nist
’sscriptorium a nd ,
m ore g e ne ra lly,provid e im port
a ntinform a t
ion on a ve ryc om m on m e t
hod olog yin e a rly
m od e rn c ult
ure .Asa re sultof t
hisproc e ss,pa ssa g e sa nd e xc e rpt
s,suc h a st
he t
e sse ra e of
a m osa ic,g ota sse m b le d a nd c a m e to c onst
itut
e a ne w orig ina lt
e xt
.
8
Dr. John T. Gilmore (University of Warwick), Approaches to modern Latin poetry:
Translating the Abbé Massieu’s Caffaeum, Carmen
Firstpub lishe d in 1738,b utpe rha pswritt
e n a se a rlya st
he 16
90s,t
he Caffaeum, Carmen
of Guilla um e M a ssie u (1665-1722) isa witt
y a nd e nt
e rt
a ining La t
in poe m a b outt
he
orig insa nd b e ne fit
sof c offe e -d rinking .Appa re nt
ly t
he m ostsuc c e ssfulof a num b e rof
la t
e se ve nt
e e nt
h-a nd e a rly e ig ht
e e nt
h-ce nt
ury La tin poe m sc e le b ra t
ing t
he virtue sof
e xot
ic d rinks,itwa sre print
e d in whole orin pa rton a num b e rof oc c a sionsint
ot
he la t
e
nine t
e e nt
h c e nt
ury. W hile it d id not orig ina t
e t
he st
ory,it se e m s t
o ha ve b e e n
re sponsib le for popula rising t
he a e tiolog ica l m yt
h of the Ara b g oa t
he rd whose
ob se rva t
ionsof t
he unusua lly frisky b e ha viourof hisfloc k a ft
e rt
he y ha d c onsum e d
som e st
ra ng e b e rrie sle d t
ot
he d isc ove ryof t
he prope rt
ie sof c offe e .
W hile M a ssie u’spoe m isa g ood e xa m ple of it
sg e nre ,fora m od e rn re se a rche rt
he
que stion ine vit
a b ly a rise sof how one c a n b e stc onve y it
sa t
t
ra c tionst
o Ang lophone
re a d e rswho m a ywe llfe e lt
ha tt
he a ppe a lof d id a c t
ic poe t
ryin La t
in issom e t
hing t
he y
c a n e a sily re sist
.Thispa pe rwilla rg ue t
ha tt
hose of uswho a re int
e re st
e d in m od e rn
La t
in ne e d to c onvinc e t
hose who c a nnotre a d La t
in of it
sim port
a nc e ,a nd t
ha tt
his
m e a nsprovid ing t
ra nsla tions.M a ssie u’spoe m ,e xisting t
ra nsla t
ions,a nd t
he writ
e r’s
e xpe rie nc e of c re a ting a ne w t
ra nsla tion will b e use d t
o provid e a c a se st
ud y in t
he
issue ssurround ing the t
ra nsla tion of m od e rn La t
in poe t
ry,a nd a rg ue fort
he via b ilit
yof
ve rse t
ra nsla tions.
Linda Grant (Birkbeck College), Imitatio, intertextuality and reception: re-writing
classical Latin love elegy in sixteenth-century England
Imitatio,a swe a llknow,wa sa fund a m e nt
a lpoe tic pra xisin t
he Re na issa nc e .But
,t
oo
oft
e n,itisre a d b y m od e rn sc hola rse ithe ra sa pa ssive ,d e riva t
ive a nd m e c ha nica l
proc e ss(e .
g .list
sof ‘a llusions’ in t
he foot
not
e st
o sc hola rly e d it
ionsof e a rly m od e rn
t
e xt
s),orin a n ove rly line a rform (e .
g .Sha ke spe a re ’suse of O vid ,Spe nse r’suse of
V irg il) which fa ils to t
a ke a c c ountof the wa y c la ssica l t
e xt
s a re m e d ia t
e d into t
he
Re na issa nc e pe riod via a whole hostof othe rt
e xt
sa nd re a d ing s.
This pa pe r sug g e sts t
ha t Re na issa nc e imitatio wa s a fa r m ore d yna m ic,rich a nd
sophistica t
e d pra c t
ice ,a nd t
ha t it d ra ws on t
he wa y c la ssica l La t
in t
e xt
s sit
ua t
e
t
he m se lve sa g a instpriorGre e k a nd ot
he rRom a n m od e ls(e .
g .t
he t
e xt
ua lint
e ra c t
ions
b et
we e n O vid ,V irg ila nd H om e r) so t
ha tLa tin t
e xt
sprovid e notjusta b od yof c ont
e nt
t
o b e re -worke d a nd re ne we d ,b utse rve sit
se lf a sa pa ra d ig m of imitatio.
Dra wing on m od e rn t
he ory,t
hispa pe rre a d sRe na issa nc e imitatio a sa form of b ot
h
int
e rt
e xt
ua lit
y (Frow 1990,H ind s 1998,Ed m und s 2001) a nd c la ssica l re c e pt
ion
(M a rt
ind a le 1993,2006,2013,H a rd ie 2013),b ot
ht
e rm swhich c a pt
ure t
he c ont
ing e nta nd
a ct
ive na t
ure of imitatio in t
he c re a t
ion of poe t
ry.
9