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ELSE\TIER
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Landscape
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2007
80
Planning
292
300
This
article
simulation study of thinning and fuel treatments
wildiandurban
Agera Andrew
Alan
USDA
INTECS
Forest
Service
International
Forestry
Forest
Inc
Mountain
Rocky
James
and Range
Lab
Sciences
Technology
District
Research
in eastern
McMahant
Health
Ranger
Sandpoint
interface
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Station
Lab
Sciences
Fire
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Ave
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USA
USA
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on
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Fort Collins
II 83864-9509
landurbplan
McHughd
OR 97850
La Grunde
Centre
Sandpoint
December
13
Lane
Gekeler
Team
at
online
locate
ier.com
USA
Oregon
Barrettc Charles
140
Enterprie
also available
is
w.else
59808
USA
2006
Abstract
We
The
simulated
is
wildfire
behavior
substantial
predicted
the
2006
B.V
Elsevier
Keywords
and
information
All
fire
and
other
time
for
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Fuels
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treatment
density
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and
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terms
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for
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Omi 2002
of
sibility
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these
factors
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and
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at
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insects
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desired
and
wildfire
the effectiveness
larger
arrangement
spatial
financial
treatment
and
resource
resource
spp
management
values
must
E-mail
address
0169-2046/S
see
author
Tel
541
aager@fs.fed.us
front
matter
016/j.landurbplan.2006
278
3740
fax
541
278
3730
The
of surface
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2006
Elsevier
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We
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Tom Burry
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including
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number of people
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Linda Dillavou
thank
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useful
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Crippen Bob Clements
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Station
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the
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Ager
the
References
predicted
more
study
Ager
of the observed
spatially
All of these
questions
reduction
active
of the respective
that
fuel
reflects
rate
Acknowledgements
the
present study
levels
comparison
the
that
costs
design
finance
to
treatment
Finney 2004
behavior
of investments
the kinds
other
Future analyses
how
examine
wildfire
Wallin
on
Johnson
productivity
al 2000
et
should
about
treatments
fuel
forest
other distur
al 2001
et
in
in
Hemstrom
and
in
and
affect
way
of
system
coarsely
background
scenarios
showed
rates
200-year
active-fuel-treatment
between our
West
2007
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effects
WUI
long term
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time
and Miyanishi 1995
negative
of resource
variety
result
Over
and transportation
Both
in
less
land
private
behavior
Mountains
Blue
in the
thin-
may
fire
the long
have
generally
on
However
treatments
of
similar
base
tion
be
Crown-
after
terms
in
scenario
i.e
less
or
regeneration
later
2040
values
to
years
desirable
showed
examined
back
were
burning
time
long
without
less
al 2007 and
et
the
as
addition
simulation
the
decreased
seedling
once
are
of
40
within
must be considered
constraints
as
and
thinning
reverted
actually
of
fuel
In
mor-
crown base
higher
variables
the
no-treatment
to
The
seedling
treatments
for
of
all
height
result
many
where
variables
management
long-term
and
western
persist
scenario
that
in
threshold
the beginning
at
thinning
in
from wildfire
composition
scenario
thinning
base
land
different
ture
THN-
and
efficiency
other
canopy
average
the
scenario
once
and
THN
in significant
THN
thinning
effects
NOTRT
the
commonly
and
modeling approaches
different
demonstrated
also
on
treatment
Service
Keyes and
fires
mortality
species
resulting
the
in
in
most but not
index
to
the
thinning
tree
resulted
persisted
out only
for
The simulations
the
was
scenario
threshold
crown
between the
density
scenario
were removed
treatment
that
are
alterna-
measured variables crown
potential
burns
THNBRN1
The
THN
the
kg/m3
active
the
bulk
THNBRN
90%
used
of
index
was below
seedlings
the 0.10
which
of
THN
the
for
for
density
differences
crown
Seedlings
SDI
both
the
considering
large
299
study areas
sive
parameters
Scott and Reinhardt
activity
instance
sustain
some
maintenance
height
stand
to
large
for
crowning
in
tality
bulk
on
not
is
The
larch
western
effects
the
to
292300
2007
80
Planning
narios
but not others
decadal
fire
For
below
is
required
OHara 2002
We observed
BRN scenarios
height
crown
marked
crown height
live
structure
composition
pine and
had
and Urban
Landscape
single-story
species
ponderosa
treatments
strong determinants
ing
forest
crown bulk density and
like
with
forests
change
al
et
difference
A.A
restoration
Hayes
strategies
McMahan
on bark
Smith
beetle
EL
mortality
Simulating
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the
effect
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of
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Plann
this
volume
00029
A.A Ager
300
F.A 1976
Albini
INT-30
U.S
Research
Andrews
of
92
Ogden
1986
systemBURN
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Gen Tech
effects
Service
Rep
National
Johnson
behavior
and
prediction
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fuel
Rep INT-194
13.5
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in
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35
R.J
Urban
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Bradshaw
Forest
1994
OR
21
Station
N.L
Crookston
of
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from
U.S
Research
ulator
the
2003
M.A
In
Hayes
D.C
Powell
Research
of
Station
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OR
Rep INT-281 U.S
OHara
Forest
and
Range
Experiment
stand
Gen Tech
simulator
Forest
Service
Forest
the
of Agriculture
CO
simulation
Eds
and
193
Forest
for
Rep PNW-GTR-6I0
Northwest
Pacific
optimization
integrated
U.S
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Service
and
Treatments
Gen Tech
Rocky
Restoration
Ecological
Rep RMRS-P-29
Mountain
U.S
Grand
forests
western
Research
Station
Photo
F.C 1998
western
53
Rep INT-96 U.S
Forest
and
of
codes
for
Rep PNW-GTR-418
Northwest
Pacific
and
seral
U.S
Research
Station
pp
M.A
landscape
80
rial
U.S
Subbasin
2007
and
state
Integrated
USA
Oregon
analysis
models
transition
in
Urban
Landscape
From
R-6
Stand
Department
C.G
T.A
the
1992
Handbook
Examination
of Agriculture
Clausnitzer
Mountains
Tech
R.R
PubI
Planar
for
Program
Forest
1992
Intercept
Inventorying
Fuel
Downed
Plant
Portland
Mate-
U.S
of
Wales
in
the
Blue
and
of
G.E
clas
11.97102
on
burning
2001
crown
IIl
II
Fire
forest
Improving
Northwest
Washington
CO
Sci
Res
behavior
in
The
Fire
forests
even-aged
and
Extension
Fuels
to
the
RMRS-GTR- 116 U.S Depart
Mountain
Rocky
2004
Research
The
Station
crown
behavior
2001
Forest
Service
of
interaction
54
fire
Assessing
of
measure
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INT-77
Note
Research
of the
Fort
fuels
fire
1675
66
by
potential
Res
linking
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utilization
U.S
of
Nevada
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Research
of
Moscow ID
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mixed
fir
grand
Department
Station
effects
Sierra
JO Bull FL
fire
related
Agriculture
Il
pp
treatment
fuels
Ecol
conifer forests For
forest
are
2000
Solution
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productivity
of
health
forest
wildlife
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risk
118
127
2001
Defoliators
in
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eastern Oregon
Northwest
Washington
1977
Conditions
for
Ihe
start
and
of wildfire
spread
Can
2334
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.Suring
wildlife
tree
on
1992
pine
Forest
tare Forest Service
16
Urban
fire
Plann
K.R.
Wagner
resistance
to
health
in the
Gen Tech Rep PNW
OR
Assessment
with
hark
of long-term
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fuel
beetles
in
volume
this
MR.
trends
management
2003
in
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Effects
northern
Arizona
32 652661
Entomol
disease
associated
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Oregon
K.F Kolh
Portland
for
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tree
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large
Environ
59
Evaluation
Manage
Res
scorch
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forests BioScience
fire
Klemmedson
with
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191
1120
75
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OR
Associations
R6-ERW-TP-036-92
Woody
Guide
Field Procedures
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Field
Inventory
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Manage
2135
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T.R.
2001
crown
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1998
105
Wagner
WaIlin
Adapted
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Wales
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Guide
Reger
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upper
Plann
Merzenich
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structural
prescribed
and
W.H.
of Agriculture
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Ecol
Sci
Van
ED
and
Collins
Service
S.L.
potential
For
Hemstrom
Mountain
tree
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OR
Portland
Romme
index
Tiedemann
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Department
T.T
Rocky
Fort
problems
natural
potential
Forest
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For
AppI
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Wildland
density
Service
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Oregon
2003
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Manage
Experiment
West
Gen Tech Rep
Forest
density
on
and
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pp
Reinhardt
Forest
Montana
redcedar
209
AR.
to
Missoula
in
hemlockwestern
Intermountain
Northwest
Service
fuels
Ecol
B.C. 1996
Smith
stand
N.L.
stand
Stage
pp
Gen Tech
Forest
Gen Tech
types
Service
UT
Pacific
communities
culture
cover
Forest
downed woody
forappraising
fir-larch-Douglas-fir
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Station
guide
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pine
For
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and
Fire
on
ponderosa
Daterman
eastern
Simulator
of surface
Stephens
redcedar
Agriculture
J.H.
Station
of
Department
353366
1981
CO
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fuel
Starr
in
Crookston
Vegetation
climate
Scott
Experiment
of
evaluation
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pine
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forests Int
Perfecting
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U.S
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Expectation
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Proceedings
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pp 117131
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J.L
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Annual
Photogrammetry
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Front
vegetation
Effect
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Forest
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Methods
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P.N.
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29
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RMRS-
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for
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the
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Fire
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American
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Proceedings
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the
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Rep
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pp
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guidetotheparallelprocessingexten-
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Agriculture
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vegetation
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pp
Department
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87
to
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1991 Users
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UT
Stage
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UT
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Forest
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Northwest
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Crookston
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Station
290
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Agriculture
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forest
Note
Pacific
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C.R OHara
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