IT’S NOT ABOUT PIE WHEN IT COMES TO THE FACTS… SAIR 2011
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IT’S NOT ABOUT PIE WHEN IT COMES TO THE FACTS… David Onder, Alison Joseph, John Bradsher SAIR 2011 • • • • 9352 students Master’s Comprehensive Mountain location Residential and Distance Eye on the pies Which is the largest in Year 1 - Green, Blue, or Purple? Which have increased from Year 1 to Year 2? Year 1 Year 2 NONE! Purpose Conveying information to stakeholders – What is important? – What answers are sought? – What can we learn from this table or graph? – Is the information easy to decipher? Inspiration Edward Tufte Stephen Few Juice Analytics Others Guiding principles • Consistency – color – text – layout All that glitters is Maximize Data-Ink ratio (Gestalt principles) NOT gold! • • Reduce Chartjunk – Chart type – Use of color Quantitative perception Very Precise Not Very Precise Length Width 2-D Position Size Intensity Blur "most quantitative data analysis can be performed quite well ... using only four types of objects" Few, 2004, p. 46 Points Bars Lines Boxes Freshman Applicants, Acceptances & Enrollees 14,000 12,325 Number of Freshmen 12,000 10,000 8,000 7,331 6,000 4,000 2,000 5,441 4,964 4,830 3,705 3,705 1,557 1,568 4,792 3,743 3,254 1,259 1,555 1,224 0 2005 2006 2007 Applied Accepted 2008 Enrolled 2009 16000 14979 14000 12,325 Number of Freshmen 12000 10000 8000 7,331 6000 4000 3979 4124 2903 2958 1180 1224 4606 3392 2000 1495 5813 5,441 4905 4,964 4,830 3738 3,705 3,705 1578 1,557 1,568 4,792 3,743 3,254 1,259 1,555 1,224 1440 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 Applied 2005 Accepted 2006 Enrolled 2007 2008 2009 2010 16000 14979 14000 12,325 Number of Freshmen 12000 10000 8000 7,331 6000 4000 3979 4124 2903 2958 1180 1224 4606 3392 2000 1495 5813 5,441 4905 4,964 4,830 3738 3,705 3,705 1578 1,557 1,568 4,792 3,743 3,254 1,259 1,555 1,224 1440 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 Applied 2005 Accepted 2006 Enrolled 2007 2008 2009 2010 16000 14000 Number of Freshmen 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 Applied 2005 Accepted 2006 Enrolled 2007 2008 2009 2010 16000 14000 Number of Freshmen 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 Applied 2005 Accepted 2006 2007 2008 2009 Enrolled We actually didn’t do this, but we probably should have 2010 16000 14000 Number of Freshmen 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 Applied 2005 Accepted 2006 Enrolled 2007 2008 2009 2010 16000 Applied Accepted 14000 Enrolled Number of Freshmen 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 16000 Applied Accepted 14000 Enrolled 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 16000 Here is the overall change … Applied Accepted 14000 Enrolled 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 InState 2005 Out-ofState InState 2006 2007 Out-of- InOut-ofState State State 2008 InOut-ofState State 2009 InOut-ofState State Applied Male Female 4,152 1,998 2,154 812 354 458 4,051 1,966 2,085 779 377 402 3,995 1,938 2,057 797 326 471 6,052 2,875 3,177 1,279 578 701 9,502 4,136 5,366 2,823 1,151 1,672 Accepted Male Female % of Applicants Accepted 3,123 1,454 1,669 75 582 236 346 72 3,167 1,501 1,666 78 538 255 283 69 2,752 1,302 1,450 69 502 207 295 63 3,214 1,520 1,694 53 529 226 303 41 4,561 2,020 2,541 58 880 341 539 31 Enrolled Male Female % of Accepted Enrolling 1,438 721 717 46 119 59 60 20 1,459 718 741 46 109 62 47 20 1,150 553 597 42 109 49 60 22 1,128 564 564 35 96 40 56 18 1,422 653 769 26 133 52 81 15 InState 2005 Out-ofState InState Here is the overall change … 2006 2007 Out-of- InOut-ofState State State 2008 InOut-ofState State 2009 InOut-ofState State Applied Male Female 4,152 1,998 2,154 812 354 458 4,051 1,966 2,085 779 377 402 3,995 1,938 2,057 797 326 471 6,052 2,875 3,177 1,279 578 701 9,502 4,136 5,366 2,823 1,151 1,672 Accepted Male Female % of Applicants Accepted 3,123 1,454 1,669 75 582 236 346 72 3,167 1,501 1,666 78 538 255 283 69 2,752 1,302 1,450 69 502 207 295 63 3,214 1,520 1,694 53 529 226 303 41 4,561 2,020 2,541 58 880 341 539 31 Enrolled Male Female % of Accepted Enrolling 1,438 721 717 46 119 59 60 20 1,459 718 741 46 109 62 47 20 1,150 553 597 42 109 49 60 22 1,128 564 564 35 96 40 56 18 1,422 653 769 26 133 52 81 15 Viola! Side by side InState 2005 Out-ofState InState 2006 2007 Out-of- InOut-ofState State State 2008 InOut-ofState State 2009 InOut-ofState State Applied Male Female 4,152 1,998 2,154 812 354 458 4,051 1,966 2,085 779 377 402 3,995 1,938 2,057 797 326 471 6,052 2,875 3,177 1,279 578 701 9,502 4,136 5,366 2,823 1,151 1,672 Accepted Male Female % of Applicants Accepted 3,123 1,454 1,669 75 582 236 346 72 3,167 1,501 1,666 78 538 255 283 69 2,752 1,302 1,450 69 502 207 295 63 3,214 1,520 1,694 53 529 226 303 41 4,561 2,020 2,541 58 880 341 539 31 Enrolled Male Female % of Accepted Enrolling 1,438 721 717 46 119 59 60 20 1,459 718 741 46 109 62 47 20 1,150 553 597 42 109 49 60 22 1,128 564 564 35 96 40 56 18 1,422 653 769 26 133 52 81 15 Neither is a good option Pie and Line charts comparing multiple criteria Aside Remember our purpose RACE, LOAD, AND GENDER First-time Freshmen FALL 2009 LOAD AND CLASS NONRESIDENT ALIEN Male Female AFRICANAMERICAN NATIVE AMERICAN Male Male Female Female ASIAN Male HISPANIC Female Male Female TWO OR MORE WHITE UNKNOWN TOTAL Male Female Male Female Male Female Male 695 Female Full-Time New Freshmen 6 4 62 54 1 5 2 9 13 17 565 690 1 4 51 65 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 2 0 0 0 0 6 4 62 54 1 5 2 9 13 17 569 692 1 4 51 65 Part-Time New Freshmen TOTALS GRAND TOTAL 10 116 116 6 11 30 1,261 5 7.5% 116 844 844 4+2 = 4 6 2 705 1,555 1555 850 RACE, LOAD, AND GENDER Male Full-Time Part-Time Female Full-Time Part-Time Grand Total UL TI RA CI AL UN † KN OW N TO TA L M HI SP AN IC † NA TI VE AM ER NA IC TI AN VE † HA W NO AI IA NN RE † SI DE W NT H IT AL E IE N AC K BL AS IA N † First-time Freshmen 7 0.5% 63 4.4% 15 1.0% 2 0.1% 1 0.1% 4 0.3% 552 38.3% 27 1.9% 10 0.7% 681 47.3% 7 0.5% 0 0.0% 63 4.4% 0 0.0% 15 1.0% 0 0.0% 2 0.1% 0 0.0% 1 0.1% 0 0.0% 4 0.3% 0 0.0% 548 38.1% 4 0.3% 27 1.9% 0 0.0% 9 0.6% 1 0.1% 676 46.9% 5 0.3% 5 0.3% 49 3.4% 16 1.1% 3 0.2% 0 0.0% 2 0.1% 643 44.7% 27 1.9% 14 1.0% 759 52.7% 5 0.3% 0 0.0% 12 0.8% 49 3.4% 0 0.0% 112 7.8% 16 1.1% 0 0.0% 31 2.2% 3 0.2% 0 0.0% 5 0.3% 0 0.0% 0 0.0% 1 0.1% 1 0.1% 1 0.1% 6 0.4% 633 44.0% 10 0.7% 1195 83.0% 27 1.9% 0 0.0% 54 3.8% 13 0.9% 1 0.1% 24 1.7% 747 51.9% 12 0.8% 1440 100.0% Without axis break Aside As bar chart with axis break Aside As bar chart Aside Aside JUNIOR SENIOR ENROLLMENT INCLUDING SECOND MAJORS Geographic Distribution First-time Freshmen Enrollment by County http://www.clearlyandsimply.com/clearly_and_simply/2009/06/choropleth-maps-with-excel.html HS GPA http://peltiertech.com/WordPress/excel-box-and-whisker-diagrams-box-plots/ Resources • Edward Tufte (http://www.edwardtufte.com/) – The Visual Display of Quantitative Information, 2001 • Stephen Few (http://www.perceptualedge.com/) – Show Me the Numbers, 2004 – Information Dashboard Design, 2006 – Now you see it, 2009 • http://www.extremepresentation.com/design/charts/ • http://www.juiceanalytics.com/chart-chooser/ • Purna Duggirala (http://chandoo.org/wp/ ) – Excel help • Jon Peltier (http://peltiertech.com) – Excel templates Contact Information David Onder, Assessment Coordinator dmonder@wcu.edu Alison Joseph, Research Specialist ajoseph@wcu.edu John Bradsher, Senior Undergraduate Research Assistant jcbradsher1@catamount.wcu.edu Office of Institutional Planning and Effectiveness opie.wcu.edu, (828) 227-7239 Special thanks to Stephanie Virgo
