ADVANCED PLACEMENT PHYSICS C TABLE OF INFORMATION
CONSTANTS AND CONVERSION FACTORS
Neutron mass, mn
27
kg
10
27
kg
9.11 10
31
1.67
Electron mass, me
Avogadro’s number, N 0
6.02
kg
10 23 mol
Boltzmann’s constant, k B
1.38
10
23
e
1.60
10
19
C
1 electron volt, 1 eV
1.60
10
19
J
Electron charge magnitude,
1
8.31 J (mol K)
R
Universal gas constant,
10
1.67
Proton mass, m p
Speed of light,
Universal gravitational
constant,
Acceleration due to gravity
at Earth’s surface,
c
3.00
10 m s
G
6.67
10
11
1u
1.66
10
27
kg
931 MeV c 2
Planck’s constant,
h
6.63
10
34
Js
4.14
10
25
10
12
Vacuum permittivity,
0
Coulomb’s law constant, k
1 4
Vacuum permeability,
1 atmosphere pressure,
PREFIXES
Factor
Prefix
Symbol
mole,
hertz,
newton,
pascal,
joule,
0
4
1 atm
mol
Hz
N
Pa
J
1.99
8.85
Jm
C
1.24
2
Nm
109 N m 2
9.0
0
0
Magnetic constant, k
m
kg
s
A
K
kg 2
9.8 m s2
g
1 unified atomic mass unit,
meter,
kilogram,
second,
ampere,
kelvin,
N m2
J K
hc
UNIT
SYMBOLS
8
7
(T m) A
1 10
7
(T m) A
1.0
105 N m 2
watt,
coulomb,
volt,
ohm,
henry,
W
C
V
15
eV s
3
10 eV nm
2
C2
10
4
10
1.0
105 Pa
farad,
tesla,
degree Celsius,
electron volt,
F
T
C
eV
H
VALUES OF TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS FOR COMMON ANGLES
0
30
10 9
giga
G
sin
0
12
37
35
45
53
60
106
mega
M
cos
1
3 2
45
2 2
35
12
103
kilo
k
tan
0
3 3
34
1
43
3
10 2
centi
c
10
3
milli
m
10
6
micro
10 9
nano
n
10 12
pico
p
90
2 2
45
3 2
1
0
The following assumptions are used in this exam.
I. The frame of reference of any problem is inertial unless otherwise
stated.
II. The direction of current is the direction in which positive charges
would drift.
III. The electric potential is zero at an infinite distance from an isolated
point charge.
IV. All batteries and meters are ideal unless otherwise stated.
V. Edge effects for the electric field of a parallel plate capacitor are
negligible unless otherwise stated.
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ADVANCED PLACEMENT PHYSICS C EQUATIONS
MECHANICS
x
ax t
x0
x
x0
2
x
x0
2
2ax x
F
dp
dt
J
F dt
p
x0
Fnet
m
F
m
a
1 2
at
2 x
x0 t
p
mv
Ff
FN
E
W
F dr
K
1
m
2
P
dE
dt
P
F v
Ug
2
mg h
2
ac
2
r
r
K
1
k
2
x
net
I
2
r dm
mr
2
mi xi
mi
r
p
1
I
2
T
I
FG
2
UG
0
t
0
0t
1 2
t
2
V
V
4
0
UE
qV
V
Q
C
E
I
I
Rs
1
Rp
P
1
4
0
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
V=
v =
=
=
=
P
Q
q
R
r
t
U
q1q2
r
d
i
1
Cs
I
i
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
N =
qi
ri
0A
C
Cp
n
E dr
1
m
k
Gm1m2
r
dV
dx
Ex
R
r2
F
I
J
L
0
1
f
Gm1m2
Q
E dA
2
g
0
FE
q
E
UC
2
Tp
x
2
4
A
B
C
d
E
q1q2
r2
1
FE
xmax cos( t
2
Ts
r
L
k x
Us
I
x cm
acceleration
energy
force
frequency
height
rotational inertia
impulse
kinetic energy
spring constant
length
angular momentum
mass
power
momentum
radius or distance
period
time
potential energy
velocity or speed
work done on a system
position
coefficient of friction
angle
torque
angular speed
angular acceleration
phase angle
Fs
r
F
I
a =
E=
F =
f =
h =
I =
J =
K =
k =
=
L =
m=
P =
p =
r =
T =
t =
U=
v =
W=
x =
=
=
=
=
=
=
ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM
Ci
1
C
i i
FM
dQ
dt
qv
B
B d
1
Q V
2
1
C
2
V
2
A
J
Nevd A
dB
0I
0
Id
4
r
F
I d
Bs
0 nI
E d
Ri
i
1
Ri
I V
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L
UL
r
2
B
B dA
B
V
R
i
area
magnetic field
capacitance
distance
electric field
emf
force
current
current density
inductance
length
number of loops of wire
per unit length
number of charge carriers
per unit volume
power
charge
point charge
resistance
radius or distance
time
potential or stored energy
electric potentia
velocity or speed
resistivity
flux
dielectric constant
dI
dt
1 2
LI
2
d
dt
B
ADVANCED PLACEMENT PHYSICS C EQUATIONS
GEOMETRY AND TRIGONOMETRY
Rectangle
A bh
Triangle
A
1
bh
2
Circle
A
r2
C
2 r
s r
Rectangular Solid
V
wh
Cylinder
A = area
C = circumference
V = volume
S = surface area
b = base
h = height
= length
w = width
r = radius
s = arc length
= angle
r
S
2 r
df
dx
d f du
du dx
d n
x
dx
nx n
d ax
e
dx
aeax
1
x
d
ln ax
dx
d
sin ax
dx
s
a cos ax
2 r2
a sin ax
1
x n dx
r
n
dx
ln x
V
4 3
r
3
x
S
4 r2
cos ax dx
c2
sin
a
c
cos
b
c
tan
a
b
a
a
1
sin ax
a
sin ax dx
Right Triangle
b2
xn 1, n
1
1 ax
e
a
eax dx
Sphere
a2
1
d
cos ax
dx
2
V
CALCULUS
1
cos ax
a
VECTOR PRODUCTS
c
q
a
90
AB cos
AB
A
B
b
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AB sin
1