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Faculty Complement Foundational Document Initial Draft
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To be a world class University striving for excellence, we need to be adapting strategies that will recruit
and retain outstanding faculty.
‐ Strategic Directions, 2002
‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐
As an engaged University, we are committed to an environment where faculty members are supported, challenged, encouraged, rewarded, recognized and inspired.
We recognize that faculty success is one of the most important investments we make as a university – in terms of money, time and effort.
We know that strong universities have strong faculty complements: neither exists without the other.
Faculty members are fundamental to the University, and the university is in many respects and, particularly in academic matters, a self ‐ governing institution of faculty.
We cannot become a world class university striving for excellence without a faculty complement striving for the same.
This document is one step in this process, articulating the principles for faculty complement planning and highlighting selected strategies for supporting faculty throughout their careers.
It comes a time when the faculty complement has undergone a major change.
In the past decade, our institution has experienced one of the largest demographic turnovers in its history, hiring over six hundred new faculty members in the process.
At the University of Saskatchewan, the talent, expertise, skill and devotion of the faculty have supported one of the broadest arrays of degree level programs in Canada for over one hundred years.
As we look towards the future, we aim to maintain and enhance the synergy of teaching and research in light of emerging provincial and national needs for innovation, increased productivity, changing teaching pedagogies, demographic shifts and evolving student needs and desires.
Our faculty will be teaching students through the examination of pressing issues and organizing their scholarship within a framework that is externally connected and integrated as appropriate across disciplines.
As an institution we will support them to do so.
We believe a vital faculty complement should: reflect the diversity of Saskatchewan and the world; encompass a range of disciplinary perspectives; and have a balance of faculty in various stages of their careers.
As an institution, we must intensify our commitment to the recruitment, support and development of faculty who meet international standards and increase the vitality of the complement.
Principles
The following principles are designed to guide decision ‐ making around faculty planning at both the departmental and institutional levels.
Engagement ‐ Faculty members are engaged in the teaching, research, outreach and engagement and administrative and governance; continuous contribute to those activities in varying degrees at different
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points in the career; and pursue personal and professional development opportunities related to those
activities.
Workload Balance ‐ Faculty members have flexible, individually ‐ oriented employment opportunities through the assignment of duties process.
International Standards ‐ Faculty members are held to international standards in their teaching, research and outreach and engagement activities.
Collaboration ‐ Faculty members are increasingly called upon to collaborate and will look to collaborate
within their unit and across units and disciplines in order to create a critical mass.
Collegiality ‐ Faculty members work together to achieve common success in a respectful and cooperative manner.
Leadership ‐ Faculty members contribute to the university throughout their careers through academic leadership as committee members, chairs, directors, department heads, and so on according to their
abilities; and the expectations of participation and leadership increase as members increase in rank.
Who are our faculty?
One way to understand who our faculty are is to define what they do.
Our faculty are engaged in helping others (students, other faculty members, the public) discover more about themselves, the society, and the natural environment.
They are teachers, mentors, and scholars advancing knowledge and translating knowledge for all society to use.
Universities worldwide have been called upon to broaden their mandate from traditional teaching and research roles to embrace greater levels of engagement with communities, industries, governments and other sectors.
While previous generations of faculty at the University of Saskatchewan have engaged in these roles since the University’s inception, the expanded mandate has nonetheless transformed the faculty complement, along with the role of faculty members significantly in recent years.
Our institution, with our strong history of engagement with the community, and perhaps due to our smaller size, has embraced a larger community of scholars to increase the intellectual capital available to support our teaching, research, and outreach and engagement missions.
Within the faculty complement continuum that exists, one finds faculty ‐ in ‐ training (i.e.
graduate students and post ‐ doctoral fellows), teaching faculty
(i.e.
community ‐ based sessional faculty and MA ‐ MSc.
trained professionally qualified teachers), clinical faculty, teacher ‐ scholars, researchers, guest lecturers and adjunct professors from provincial and federal government organizations and national research installations such as the Canadian Light Source
Synchrotron (CLS) as well as other employers, sharing their training and experiences.
This is our vision of faculty – a community of engaged scholars spanning a continuum of experiences and activities dedicated to life ‐ long learning and knowledge discovery.
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For the University of Saskatchewan, this continuum translates into one career path with multiple sets of standards dependent on the individual’s training, interests and career objectives.
This may mean recognizing that some faculty members primarily focus on teaching undergraduate students, whereas others prefer to devote most of their energy to research and graduate student training.
Still others may engage strongly in clinical teaching work, and have limited interest in research, but contribute significantly to community outreach service.
Others may take an active interest in university administration or governance roles.
Many faculty members may choose to change their balance of teaching, research, community outreach and administration over the course of their careers.
In every aspect of their work – teaching, research, engagement – faculty members will be expected to incorporate best practices and to be innovative.
Regardless of their particular distribution of work, each faculty member should be seen as equally and continuously contributing to the work of the department and/or college.
Faculty members work within a collegial environment – one where members are united in a common purpose and respect each other’s abilities to work toward that purpose.
Such an environment demonstrates both independence of thought and mutual respect; allows for the expression of diverse views and opinions; and is characterized by collaboration and constructive cooperation.
What We’ve Done
In 1998, the University embraced the Teacher ‐ Scholar model, by approving the Framework for Planning .
This model ‐ imparting knowledge gained through research – is of fundamental importance to a faculty complement at a world class research ‐ intensive University.
While our commitment to that model is unwavering, we are recognizing that we must be flexible enough to accommodate other career paths in order to effectively utilize our resources to fulfill our teaching, research and outreach & engagement missions.
During the past few years, as this document has been developed, numerous strategies to support the success of a dynamic faculty complement have been proposed and implemented through collegial decision ‐ making and collective bargaining processes.
Additional flexibility has been added to faculty appointments through the development of joint and academic programming appointments.
Clinicians and research chair holders have been brought within scope of the faculty association.
Over one billion dollars in construction of new teaching and research facilities has taken place.
Faculty professional development has been supported through the establishment of the Gwenna Moss Centre for Teaching Effectiveness
(GMCTE).
The standards for tenure and promotion have been raised and continue to be reviewed and updated.
The University is currently working on agreements which will see us share faculty positions with co ‐ located science institutions and explore principles or guidelines for spousal hires.
Over the past decade, our faculty complement has changed as we’ve hired over six hundred new faculty members.
In 2000, 44% of fulltime, core faculty members were at the rank of full professor, 26% were assistant professors and 23% were at the rank of associate professor.
In 2010, 34% of faculty were full
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professors, 28% were associate professors and 29% were assistant professors.
The percentage of female faculty members has increased from 27% in 2000 to 37% in 2010.
Forty percent of faculty members under the age of forty are female.
Twelve percent of faculty members hired since 2000 are international.
In focus groups conducted in November and December 2010, faculty members, graduate students, and sessional lecturers characterized their experiences as challenging, busy, excellent, frustrating, inspiring, interesting, sleepless, hectic and variable.
They identified areas where many of the experiences were positive such as the interview process for new hires and teaching, as well as areas where the experiences ranged from very positive to very negative such as the first few months on campus.
They identified strong support from the department as critical to their success and that support, recognition and training for department heads and others in administrative roles is an institutional weakness.
Mentorship was identified as a strategy for helping faculty members develop and continually improve their teaching skills and research productivity.
They identified the need for practical supports in areas such as administrative management of grants and practical advice on topics such as dealing with student issues.
They overwhelmingly identified a need to continue to improve the recognition of teaching excellence.
New faculty members spoke more often of the need for work ‐ life balance, while senior faculty members more often identified the need for all faculty members to be well ‐ rounded University citizens.
Most participants expressed a desire for less bureaucracy and appreciation for the collegial atmosphere at the University of
Saskatchewan.
Strategies to Attract and Retain Faculty Members
Potential Faculty Members
Faculty hiring is an investment in the future, probably the single most important investment any
University can make.
The Strategic Directions identified global competition for faculty as an important issue in the first part of the 21 st
century.
After a decade, the competition for doctoral graduates in many disciplines remains fierce, not only from other universities but also other employers.
However, the recent economic growth of the Province of Saskatchewan and public support for the University have positioned the institution’s salary and benefits packages to be highly competitive in recruitment of faculty, especially from the international arena.
We need to be proactive and more effective at advertising and recruiting from the United States, United Kingdom, Europe and elsewhere, as well as across Canada.
One area, in which we need to be particularly proactive, due to keen competition, is the recruitment of Aboriginal faculty members.
Without prompt and concerted efforts in this area, we are unlikely to achieve our goal of becoming the pre ‐ eminent Canadian medical ‐ doctoral University in Aboriginal education in five areas including student affairs, academic programming, research scholarly and artistic work, cultural initiatives, and community outreach ( Forging New Relationships: The Foundational Document on Aboriginal
Initiatives ).
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Two additional areas for improvement still outstanding are the spousal hiring process/policy and the opportunity to engage spouses and families in the recruitment and on ‐ boarding process.
The topic of spousal hiring for dual career academics has been identified at various levels of the institution as a topic to be explored further.
In other instances, the University will consider an expanded work placement service for spouses which would utilize the numerous connections our leadership, faculty and staff have within the community.
Recognizing that moving to the University of Saskatchewan, and to Saskatoon, is less likely to be an individual’s decision and more likely a family one, there is an opportunity to provide additional information on life in Saskatoon and Saskatchewan.
Potential topics could include information on recreational activities, the school system, health care, taxes and cost of living.
Two possible venues for sharing this information would be through an expanded recruitment package to be distributed by departments or by connecting potential hires with faculty members in matching situations (i.e.
children the same age, similar cultural backgrounds, etc).
New Faculty
Once hired, faculty members and their families would be connected to an administrative person who would provide guidance on finding a real estate agent or housing, daycare or schools and other practical activities associated with moving to a new community.
This person would also provide support for the faculty member in ensuring they are assigned an NSID, have research accounts established, office and laboratory space secured, and office infrastructure ordered before the new faculty member sets foot on campus.
They would also ensure that new faculty are aware of orientations and other programming that would assist them as they begin their careers.
The first few years of a faculty member’s career are crucial to establishing a long satisfying, productive career and the first few months often lay the foundation for the next few years.
During the first few months of employment, faculty members should be expected to participate in a wide ‐ ranging orientation program.
This program would incorporate existing sessions on teaching from the GMCTE, proposed research mentorship workshops from the Office of the Vice ‐ President Research, governance from the
University Secretary and Council leadership and administrative matters such as PAWS and P ‐ cards, among others.
Ideally, participants would meet with senior leadership to learn more about the institutional goals, priorities and plans.
Networking with other new faculty members would be an integral component of each session.
These sessions would provide participants with a comprehensive introduction to the
University of Saskatchewan while limiting “information overload”.
Following the orientation program, new faculty members would be expected to choose one of two coaching programs, lasting one or more years.
Both programs would help the faculty member develop a multi ‐ year work plan addressing teaching, research, involvement in outreach and engagement, and participation in departmental, college and institutional administration and governance.
The first program would match the new faculty member with a team of three faculty mentors.
The team would include both
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junior and senior people from within the same department as well as another college.
This team would be able to provide a balance of perspectives from multiple disciplines, an understanding of the institution’s history and future aspirations and an awareness of current policies and procedures.
The second coaching program would see a group of fifteen to twenty new faculty members form a learning community, under the guidance of one or two senior faculty members
.
This program would include a strong emphasis on peer feedback and networking across the disciplinary boundaries.
These programs would operate under the oversight of the Vice ‐ Provost, Faculty Relations and be independently assessed with an established set of metrics regarding their effectiveness on a regular basis.
It would be expected that all faculty members involved would have these activities recognized as part of their assignment of duties.
Faculty Approaching Tenure or Promotion
The University of Saskatchewan is committed to the career long support of faculty personal and professional development goals as those goals relate to teaching, research, outreach and engagement.
Through the Office of the Vice ‐ Provost, Faculty Relations, the desired mentorship and networking sessions to support individuals as they apply for tenure and progress through the ranks should be identified, communicated and implemented.
These activities, much like the coaching programs described above, would be recognized in the assignment of duties.
Academic Leadership
The roles of department head and dean in the mentorship, leadership and support of their faculty members cannot be understated.
In multiple focus groups, these individuals were identified as critical to faculty success and satisfaction.
These roles have evolved considerably over the past decades to become chief executive officers and managers within the colleges.
Department heads are also colleagues, and their relations with faculty in their units are critical in gaining guidance and insight into the informal as well as the formal aspects of faculty development.
Their role in faculty mentorship is considerable and defining expectations and support systems for department heads in this area will be paramount going forward.
Over the past few years, programs, some formal, some ad ‐ hoc, have been put in place to provide training for deans and department heads in the areas of i.e.
financial and human resources management.
These are important programs which were developed independently to fulfill identified needs.
They should be
regularized, use integrated material from multiple units and be independently assessed on a regular basis.
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For more information on a similar program, see: http://citl.gwu.edu/pages/flc.html
.
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Across our campus, we are privileged to have a network of informal leaders who are either beginning to step into or have recently stepped away from formal leadership roles.
At this time, we do not have a mechanism to recognize or consult with this wide network of leaders.
We propose creating an academic leadership program, similar to the one in place at University of North Carolina – Chapel Hill
.
This program would attract individuals who are strongly interested in playing a role in university administration and governance.
A small group of faculty members from across the University would be selected through an application process each year.
They would be provided with an intensive course on leadership and mentorship from a top organization such as the Banff Centre or Royal Roads University and then meet on a regular basis to discuss key issues facing the University and opportunities to meet with University leadership.
They would also be expected to participate in workshops and conferences held from time to time for all graduates from all years of the program.
Summary
Faculty success is one of the most important investments we make as an institution – in terms of money, time, and effort.
Faculty members are expected to be well ‐ rounded University citizens, participating in research, teaching, administration and governance, and are expected to take on new roles through their engagement and new partnerships with other faculty members and participants outside the University as well as within the academy.
The ideas and initiatives raised in this document will require collaboration, through the collegial decision ‐ making and collective bargaining processes, from units across campus – both academic and administrative.
The challenge before us is to ensure that the University has the systems in place to recognize and reward the activities of faculty members which align with the principles described at the beginning of this document and continue to build a stable, vital faculty complement.
To do so will result in what we believe to be one of the most robust programs for faculty support and professional development in the country.
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For more information, see: http://iah.unc.edu/programs/leadership ‐ programs/academic ‐ leadership.
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Appendix 1
The data used for the graphs below include both in ‐ scope and out ‐ of ‐ scope faculty who are librarians, instructors, lecturers, assistant professors, associate professors and professors.
This is snapshot data collected in October of each year.
Source: Information Strategy and Analytics
743 736 744 748 731
753
725 718 717
735 738
800
600
400
200
0
277 296
320 337 338 345 360
384
414 422 425
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Male
Female
Figure 1: Faculty headcount by gender.
Faculty is defined as both in ‐ scope and out ‐ of ‐ scope individuals who are librarians, instructors, assistant professors, associate professors and professors.
Data is collected by Human
Resources in October of each indicated year.
Source: Information Strategy and Analytics, Statistics Canada
50%
45%
40%
35%
30%
25%
20%
41%
43% 43% 42% 44%
44% 43% 45% 44%
35%
37% 36% 37%
27% 29%
30% 31% 32% 31%
33%
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
U of S Faculty Complement
Canadian Doctoral Graduates
Figure 2: Percentage of female faculty members employed at the University of Saskatchewan or graduating from doctoral programs in the indicated year.
University of Saskatchewan data is collected by Human Resources in
October of each year and includes both in ‐ scope and out ‐ of ‐ scope individuals who are librarians, instructors, assistant professors, associate professors and professors.
Canadian doctoral graduates data was obtained from
Statistics Canada Table 477 ‐ 0014 ‐ University degrees, diplomas and certificates granted, by program level,
Classification of Instructional Programs, Primary Grouping (CIP_PG) and sex, annual (number) (accessed May 3,
2011).
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Source: Information Strategy and Analytics
1400
1200
1020 1032
1064 1085 1069
1098 1085 1102
1131 1157 1163
1000
800
600
400
200
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Professor
Associate Professor
Assistant Professor
Lecturer
Instructor
Librarian IV
Librarian III
Librarian II
Librarian I
Figure 3: Faculty headcount by rank.
Faculty is defined as both in ‐ scope and out ‐ of ‐ scope individuals who are librarians, instructors, assistant professors, associate professors and professors.
Data is collected by Human
Resources in October of each indicated year.
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Source: Human Resources, Information Strategy and Analytics
30.0
25.0
23.2
20.0
18.9
18.0
17.5
15.0
25.7
17.8
16.9
16.3
10.0
5.0
All Faculty
All Faculty minus librarians
All faculty minus librarians, instructors, lecturers, special lecturers, extension specialists, senior fellows, special advisors
All tenured faculty
0.0
2000/2001 2001/2002 2002/2003 2003/2004 2004/2005 2005/2006 2006/2007 2007/2008 2008/2009 2009/2010
Figure 4: Student to faculty ratios at the University of Saskatchewan.
Students are defined as all undergraduate and graduate students as of October Census Day of the indicated year (data obtained from
Information Strategy and Analytics).
Faculty are defined according to the Statistics Canada definition below and are counted in October of the indicated year (data obtained from Human Resources).
Statistics Canada Full ‐ time definition:
•
•
•
Staff appointed on a full ‐ time basis whose term of appointment is 12 months.
New appointees hired on a full ‐ time basis whose term of contract is 12 months although they may be at the institution for less than 12 months during the first year.
Staff who were appointed to teach full ‐ time and at a later date have entered into a formal agreement with the institution to carry a fraction of a normal full ‐ time load.
Statistics Canada Teaching Staff definition:
•
•
•
•
All teachers within faculties, whether or not they hold an academic rank.
Academic staff in teaching hospitals.
Visiting academic staff in faculties (colleges, schools, etc.)
Research staff who have an academic rank and a salary scale similar to teaching staff.
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Figure 5: Domestic and International Faculty Hires
Source: Vice ‐ Provost, Faculty Relations
100
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
63
4
59
65
1
64
86
10
76
58
11
47
52
5
47
72
10
62
60
11
49
56
8
48
74
11
63
60
5
55
48
8
40
2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11
International
Hires
Domestic
Hires
Figure 5: The number of individuals hired by the University of Saskatchewan in the indicated year and the breakdown of Canadian and international hires according to country of citizenship at the time of hiring.
This data only includes in ‐ scope faculty members.
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