How Do We Build the Efficient, Secure, Cost Effective Power Grid
of Tomorrow?
The Answer: Smart Grid
Bernard Norton
Manager – Energy Automation
Transpower 2040 Conference
Christchurch, 18th June 2009
Ideas / Definitions of Smart Grid
“Auto-balancing, self-monitoring power grid that accepts any source of fuel
(coal, sun, wind) and transforms it into a consumer’s end use (heat, light, warm
water) with minimal human intervention.”
“A system that will allow society to optimize the use of renewable energy
sources and minimize our collective environmental footprint.”
“It is a grid that has the ability to sense when a part of its system is overloaded
and reroute power to reduce that overload and prevent a potential outage
situation.”
“A grid that enables real-time communication between the consumer and
the utility, allowing the consumer to optimize energy usage based on
environmental and/or price preferences.”
For internal use only / Copyright © Siemens Australia & NZ 2007. All rights reserved.
Siemens. Innovation for generations.
Starting Point: Changing Needs, Growing Demands
•Energy
efficiency
•Increased
energy trading
•Greater network complexity
and vulnerability
•Cost
pressure
•Fluctuating in-feed
•Aging
infrastructure
and lack of
experts
Network Conditions
& Requirements
Operational
Factors
External
Influences
•Distance btwn
generation
and load
•CO2
reduction
•Integration of
DER
•High supply
quality
requirements
•Legal
and regulatory
framework
•Integration of
intelligent buildings
•Integration of
renewable energy
sources
For internal use only / Copyright © Siemens Australia & NZ 2007. All rights reserved.
Siemens. Innovation for generations.
Starting Point: Drivers for Flexible and Efficient Grids
Challenges for the utilities
Drivers
Efficient grid
for profitability
Need for more energy
Environmental
sustainability
Competitive
energy prices
Regulatory
and
political
push
Security of supply
Aging infrastructure and workforce
For internal use only / Copyright © Siemens Australia & NZ 2007. All rights reserved.
Multiple in-feed
for flexibility
Demand side management
for accessibility
Quality assurance
for reliability
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What does “Smart Grid” really mean?
From
To
Relevance
Heterogenous communication networks
varying in capacity and bandwidth
Homogeneous Smart Grid communication network with IP/
Ethernet connectivity between all components
Complex, personal intensive engineering
and operating
Smart substation automation
Primary equipment condition not well
known and not overall integrated
Condition monitoring for better asset performance and grid
asset management for advanced asset management
Central generation, decentralized
consumption
Integration of distributed energy resources (DER) and storage
by virtual power plants
Manual and operating experience based
reaction on critical situations
Smart, self-healing grid
Unmanaged, intransparent consumption
Smart metering and load management
Optimization of building life cycle
efficiency as standalone process
Active participation of buildings in the grid as consumer,
producer, and energy storage facility
For internal use only / Copyright © Siemens Australia & NZ 2007. All rights reserved.
Transmission
Security, sustainability, and efficiency of power supply
Distribution
Congestion, bottlenecks, and blackouts
Siemens. Innovation for generations.
Transmission Solutions
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Siemens. Innovation for generations.
Smart Grid Example – HVDC & FACTS
Smart
Generation
Smart
Consumption
Smart Grid
Transmission Grid
System Integrity
Protection
Advanced
Energy Mgmt
System (EMS)
Distribution Grid
Asset
Management
Distribution
Management
Systems (DMS)
Meter Data
Management
(MDM)
Offshore
Wind Power
Distant
Solar Power
Industrial &
Commercial
Loads
HVDC &
FACTS
Substation
Automation &
Protection
Condition
Monitoring
Distribution
Automation
Smart
Meters
Distributed
Energy
Resources
E-Cars
Residential
Loads
E-Cars
Project is designed to be a cost effective energy efficient solution addressing
San Francisco’s need for additional transmission & in-city generation
capacity.
Communication Solutions
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Security of Supply for San Francisco area with HVDC PLUS
Transmission
constraints before TBC
2010
Transmission
constraints after TBC
Elimination of transmission bottlenecks
ƒ Energy exchange
by sea cable
ƒ No increase in
short-circuit power
P = 400 MW
Dynamic voltage support
Q = +/- 170-300 MVAr
For internal use only / Copyright © Siemens Australia & NZ 2007. All rights reserved.
Siemens. Innovation for generations.
Communications Solutions
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Enabling Interaction
One-stop communication solutions for utilities and retailers include
ƒ IP solutions
ƒ SDH/PDH solutions
ƒ Powerline carrier and
teleprotection equipment
ƒ Wireless solutions
ƒ Optimized solutions for medium
and low voltage applications
ƒ Live line installation
End to End Communication Network Solutions are the basis
to build a Smart Grid for Power Utilities
For internal use only / Copyright © Siemens Australia & NZ 2007. All rights reserved.
Siemens. Innovation for generations.
Substation Automation Solutions
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Siemens. Innovation for generations.
Substation Automation Characteristics
Today’s standard
ƒ Partly digital system,
Evolution
ƒ Persistent digital
automation
RTU, and SAS
ƒ Heterogenous
communication
systems and
protocols
ƒ Standardization
ƒ Totally integrated
energy automation
(engineering,
communication,
security)
ƒ Few functionality and
automation
ƒ Hardware oriented
Smart Grid
smart substation
ƒ Plug & play approach
ƒ Self-healing
automation functions
ƒ Intelligent applications
ƒ Online information
(operational and
non-op.)
ƒ Basic solutions and
engineering
applications
ƒ Reactive information
For internal use only / Copyright © Siemens Australia & NZ 2007. All rights reserved.
Siemens. Innovation for generations.
Smart Grid Example – Substation Automation & Protection
Smart
Generation
Smart
Consumption
Smart Grid
Transmission Grid
System Integrity
Protection
Advanced
Energy Mgmt
System (EMS)
Distribution Grid
Asset
Management
Distribution
Management
Systems (DMS)
Meter Data
Management
(MDM)
Offshore
Wind Power
Distant
Solar Power
Distributed
Energy
Resources
E-Cars
Industrial &
Commercial
Loads
HVDC &
FACTS
Substation
Automation &
Protection
Condition
Monitoring
Distribution
Automation
Smart
Meters
Residential
Loads
E-Cars
Setup of a redundant High Speed Ethernet Process Bus system to
integrate HV primary technology signals via non-conventional transducers
and merging units into the digital protection and automation environment
Communication Solutions
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Siemens. Innovation for generations.
Device Integration via IEC 61850 Process Bus
*in standardization
work
To be harmonized
with CIM
IEC 61970*
Control Center
communication
to other
IEC 61850
IEC 61850
substatons*
Firewall
Router
IED
IEC61850 Station Bus
IED
IEC 61850 (Ethernet)
Protection & Control
IEC61850 Process Bus
Digital Instrument Transformer
Data via IEC61850-9-2
Merging
Unit
CBC
x
Circuit
Breaker
Controller
CT
VT
For internal use only / Copyright © Siemens Australia & NZ 2007. All rights reserved.
Siemens. Innovation for generations.
Asset Management Solutions
For internal use only / Copyright © Siemens Australia & NZ 2007. All rights reserved.
Siemens. Innovation for generations.
Why Condition Monitoring?
ƒ Cutbacks on expenditure
ƒ Retirements
ƒ Downsizing
Loss of expertise
ƒ Postponed invest in T&D infrastructure
ƒ Extended component lifetime
Ageing equipment
ƒ Renewable energy transmission
ƒ Increasing energy demand
Higher loads
ƒ Penalties
Increasing performance targets
Condition monitoring:
1. enables effective prediction and, thus, failure avoidance
2. offers a possibility for safe use of assets at higher loads and, therefore,
supports both asset management and operation
For internal use only / Copyright © Siemens Australia & NZ 2007. All rights reserved.
Siemens. Innovation for generations.
Seamless Integration of Energy Resources
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Siemens. Innovation for generations.
Smart Grid Example – Distributed Energy Resources
Smart
Generation
Smart
Consumption
Smart Grid
Transmission Grid
System Integrity
Protection
Advanced
Energy Mgmt
System (EMS)
Distribution Grid
Asset
Management
Distribution
Management
Systems (DMS)
Meter Data
Management
(MDM)
Offshore
Wind Power
Distant
Solar Power
Distributed
Energy
Resources
E-Cars
Industrial &
Commercial
Loads
HVDC &
FACTS
Substation
Automation &
Protection
Condition
Monitoring
Distribution
Automation
Smart
Meters
Residential
Loads
E-Cars
Define, build and commonly market a virtual
power plant and associated business model
for integration of distributed energy ressources
Communication Solutions
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Siemens. Innovation for generations.
Distributed Energy Resources (DER) and Storage
Virtual power plant with RWE (Germany)
ƒ
Cost-optimal planning
and management of
decentralized power
supply plants
ƒ
Generation ranging
from 500 kW to several
MW each Includes
coordination of
different carriers
For internal use only / Copyright © Siemens Australia & NZ 2007. All rights reserved.
Siemens. Innovation for generations.
Infusing Intelligence into the Last Mile
For internal use only / Copyright © Siemens Australia & NZ 2007. All rights reserved.
Siemens. Innovation for generations.
Smart Grid Example – Smart Metering & Load Mgt
Smart
Generation
Smart
Consumption
Smart Grid
Transmission Grid
System Integrity
Protection
Advanced
Energy Mgmt
System (EMS)
Distribution Grid
Asset
Management
Distribution
Management
Systems (DMS)
Meter Data
Management
(MDM)
Offshore
Wind Power
Distant
Solar Power
Distributed
Energy
Resources
E-Cars
Industrial &
Commercial
Loads
HVDC &
FACTS
Substation
Automation &
Protection
Condition
Monitoring
Distribution
Automation
Smart
Meters
Residential
Loads
E-Cars
Multi-Phase Smart Metering Project using our AMIS concept:
ƒ Distribution Automation integration due to smart PLC communication architecture
ƒ Integrated metering, load switching and power quality
Communication Solutions
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Siemens. Innovation for generations.
AMIS Reference Project at
control center
infrastructure
transformer stations
households,
small industries, farming
meters
of other
media*)
RTU functionality*)
XML
IEC 60870-5-104
AMIS meter
engineering
OPM II
radio
(IEC 61870-5-101)
AMIS load-switching device
AMIS
data concentrator
load profile
meter
AMIS
third-party device gateway
SAP IS-U
3.000 transformer stations
connected via radio
AMIS
management
40 radio relay
stations
ripple control
center
meters
of other
media‘*)
RTU functionality*)
AMIS
transaction server
AMIS meter
AMIS load-switching device
AMIS
data concentrator
frontend
load profile
meter
AMIS
third-party device gateway
PQ center
meters
of other
media*)
RTU functionality*)
Fiber optics
(IEC 61870-5-104)
AMIS meter
AMIS load-switching device
remote meter
reading for load
profile meters
SCADA system*)
*) planned
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AMIS
data concentrator
600 transformer stations
connected via fiber optics
load profile
meter
AMIS
third-party device gateway
Siemens. Innovation for generations.
The benefits of Smart Grid
ƒ Minimum downtime and
optimized life cycle costs through
online monitoring and control of
all grid assets
ƒ Reduction in CO2 emissions
Flexibility
Reliability
through grid access of large
wind, hydro, and solar power
plants
Profitability
Accessibility
ƒ Significant improvement of
customer processes and
services
ƒ Over 50 percent time savings in
engineering and commissioning
ƒ Active management of power
generation and load profiles of
buildings
For internal use only / Copyright © Siemens Australia & NZ 2007. All rights reserved.
Siemens. Innovation for generations.
Entire Energy Conversion Chain - Smart Infrastructure
Decentralized energy
management system
Communications
solutions
Smart substation
automation
Condition monitoring/
asset management
Power transmission
Distribution
automation
Smart metering
For internal use only / Copyright © Siemens Australia & NZ 2007. All rights reserved.
Building automation
Siemens. Innovation for generations.
The Future Enabled by Smart Grid
Urban Areas and
Underground Grid
wind turbines as part of tower
building architecture
solar-cell films on building
surfaces contribute to power
generation
underground power corridors
and substations coupled with
storage facilities
CO2 emissions are constantly
on display
car-parking for plug-in vehicles,
buy or sell electricity shaving
peak loads
For internal use only / Copyright © Siemens Australia & NZ 2007. All rights reserved.
nano-materials enhance
insulation and conductivity of
equipment
Siemens. Innovation
for generations.
The Future Enabled by Smart Grid
nano-materials enhance
insulation and conductivity of
equipment
large storage plants
buffer fluctuating
generation
CO2 sequestration
and storage facilities
Bulk Power Generation and
Long Distance Transmission
large centralized power plants supply
the majority of power demand
supply of deep-sea oil
& gas exploration and
production
wind farm connected by
Gas Insulated Lines or
cables (DC or AC)
For internal use only / Copyright © Siemens Australia & NZ 2007. All rights reserved.
Siemens. Innovation for generations.
The Future Enabled by Smart Grid
large centralized power plants supply
the majority of power demand
CO2 emissions are constantly
on display
Smart Grid Application at
Decentralized Generation
large and very small generation
plants need to be managed in
parallel
car-parking for plug-in vehicles,
buy or sell electricity shaving
peak loads
energy corridors
underground by Gas
Insulated Lines or
cables (DC or AC)
wireless sensors and smart
metering coupled to load
management and market driven
energy supply software
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storage plants buffer
fluctuating generation
Siemens. Innovation for generations.
The Future Enabled by Smart Grid
Decentralized Generation and
Storage in Rural Areas
large and very small generation
plants need to be managed in
parallel
large and very small generation
plants need to be managed in
parallel
storage plants buffer
fluctuating generation
wireless sensors and smart
metering coupled to load
management and market driven
energy supply software
For internal use only / Copyright © Siemens Australia & NZ 2007. All rights reserved.
Siemens. Innovation for generations.
For internal
use
only
/ Copyright
© Siemens
For internal use only / Copyright © Siemens
Australia
& NZ
2007.
All rights
reserved.Australia & NZ 2007. All rights reserved.
Siemens. Innovation for generations.