ICES CM 19951K:6
Shellfish Committee
O/()
REPORT OF THE
WORKING GROUP ON CRANGON FISHERIES AND LIFE HISTORY
This report is not to be quoted without prior consultation with the
General Secretary. The document is areport of an expert group
under the auspices of the International Council for the Exploration of
the Sea and does not necessarily represent the views ofthe Council.
International Council for the Exploration ofthe Sea
Conseil International pour I'Exploration de Ia Mer
Pala:gade 2-4
DK-1261 Copenhagen K
Denmark
Table of Contents
Page
Seetion
INTRODUCTION
1
2
THE FISHERIES
2.1 General Information
2.2 Functional Units
2.3 Countries
2.3.1 Denmark
2.3.1.1 Areas fished
2.3.1.2 Long-term trends in landings, effort and LPUE
2.3.1.3 Seasonal fluctuations in landings, effort and LPUE
2.3.2 Germany
2.3.2.1 Areas fished
2.3.2.2 Long-term trends in landings, effort and LPUE
2.3.2.3 Seasonal fluctuations in landings, effort and LPUE
2.3.3 The Netherlands
2.3.3.1 Areas fished
2.3.3.2 Long-term trends in landings, effort and LPUE
2.3.4 Belgium
2.3.5 France
2.3.5.1 Areas fished
2.3.5.2 Long-term trends in landings, effort and LPUE
2.3.5.3 Seasonal fluctuations in landings, effort and LPUE
2.3.6 United Kingdom
2.3.6.1 England and Wales
2.3.6.2 Scotland
I
I
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
TIME SERIES ON ABUNDANCE OF CRANGON AND ITS PREDATORS
3
4
CRANGONLIFE CYCLE
3
5
MORTALITY ESTIMATES
3
6
ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS
3
7
SELECTIVITY OF SHRIMP TRAWLS
4
8
RECOMMENDATIONS
8.1 Research
8.2 Action List
4
4
4
9
FUTURE MEETING
4
10
LITERATURE
:
4
TABLES 1-15
5
FIGURES 1-52
20
1
INTRODUCTION
At the 1992 Statutory Meeting, the Shellfish Committee
recommended that a Study Group on the Life History,
Population Biology and Assessment of Crangon be
established to address concems raised about the
instability of Crangon crangon landings and
uncertainties of the causes of this observation. This
recommendation was approved and the Study Group met
in 1993 and 1994 and presented reports at the 1993 and
1994 Statutory meetings, respectively.
•
As it became clear that, despite the good progress in
gathering data conceming the objectives of the Study
Group, there are considerable gaps in knowledge about
the Iife cyc1e of Crangon in its range of distribution and
that continuous work is required for obtaining sound
databases, it was recommended by the Shellfish
Committee at the 1994 Statutory Meeting to terminate
the Study Group and to establish a Working Group on
Crangon Fisheries and Life History (WGCRAN). This
recommendation was approved by the Council.
The Working Group met by correspondence in 1995 as
assessment matters were transferred to the Study Group
on the Assessment of Shellfish Stocks in the North
Atlantic.
The terms of reference given to the Working Group on
Crangon Fisheries and Life History in 1994 (C.Res.
199412:46) were to:
•
a)
update a time series of data on landings efforts and
LPUE by functional unit and country;
b)
analyse time series on the abundance of Crangon
and its predators, using data from appropriate
bottom trawl surveys;
c)
review investigations on the Crangon life cyc1e,
including studies on the timing of reproduction and
settlement;
d)
develop data analyses and methods for estimating
the mortality of Crangon due to predators;
e)
analyse eventual changes in environmental
parameters which can have an impact on shrimps,
their predators, or food organisms;
f)
review the status of investigations improving the
selectivity of shrimp trawls for fish and shrimps;
g)
develop priorities for future work;
h)
plan for a meeting in 1996.
The following members were nominated to the Working
Group on Crangon Fisheries and Life History:
Bennett
Breckling
Cascalho
Chapman
Damm
Kinnear
Knust
Sand Kristensen
Meixner
Neudecker (Chairman)
Richard
Temming
Tetard
Wienbeck
2
THE FISHERIES
2.1
General Information
(UK)
(0)
(P)
(UK)
(0)
(UK)
(0)
(OK)
(0)
(0)
(USA)
(0)
(F)
(0)
All members of WGCRAN were informed by the ICES
Secrctariat or the Chairman about the terms of reference
of the group. The rcquested information on data by
functional unit and country as recommended by the
former Study Group were presented by correspondence
as far as it was available. However, the status of these
data is rather variable and incomplete. This may be due
to a number factors, for example, some countries did not
nominate members to the Working Group; there is a
general lack of manpower to computerize existing data;
the retirement ofthe person responsible for the data or an
unstable job situation; the lack of an accessible and
standardized European brown shrimp database; and the
general trend of increasing duties which reduces the
capability of individual members to devote time to a
specific job (such as WGCRAN) and its requirements.
Thus, it seems inevitable that members are motivated to
acquire extemal funds for projects that enable them to
work on specific tasks. See chapters 3 to 7.
Conceming functional units (FU), it is obvious that some
overlapping occurs. This seems to be tolerable in those
instances where vessels from neighbouring harbours
catch similar amounts in the respective neighbouring FU.
Nevertheless the actual amounts should be knoWn. This
is of special importance in those cases where longdistance fishery takes place, e.g., the "Sylt Area" in FU 3
and FU 2. Here catches are attributed to the horne port of
the vessel which may be far away from the fishing
ground. The catch will then be shified to a far away FU
biasing area-based fishery information. Another problem
that occurs and wiII probably continue to occur is
unallocated catches.
In addition, it has not been possible to standardize
fishing effort. It still varies from hp-corrected fishing
hours per day to number of boats operating or numbers
of cruises, if data are given at all. As a consequence the
information on LPUE is highly variable and not directly
comparable.
2.2
Functional Units
The functional units were agreed on at the 1994 meeting
of the Crangon Study Group (see ICES, 1994; Figs.
3.1.1 and 3.1.2, p. 19). It is believed that they serve as
the smallest managable unit for statistical and biological
matters dealt with by this Working Group, aside from
case studies.
2.3.2
Germany
2.3.2.1
Areas fished
No change ofinformation. (See p. 4, ICES, 1994.)
No ehanges in fishing grounds were observed for 1994
meaning that the "SYLT AREA" was fished by some
larger vessels doing "Iong distance fishing" while the
majority of the fleet stayed in the vicinity of their base
harbours. The existing eatch statistics were worked up
backwards to 1985 and it was possible to attribute
landings, effort (number oftrips) and LPUE (tonnes per
trip) to functional units 3 to 6. The data are preliminary,
however, as it appears that they are combined fish and
shrimping trips for some harbours. The effort data must
be checked for this type of bias. This may be possible
within a general effort study before older data are
included in the time series. The uneertainty due to the
above mentioned long distance fishery whieh is done by
some cutters at eertain times will also be dealt with in an
effort study. It should give some information on the
extent of this fishing practiee and its share of the
landings of certain ports and funetional units.
2.3.1.2
2.3.2.2
The data presented to WGCRAN are listed in Tables 1-9
and Figures 1-33. They appear in the same order as in
the 1994 report of the Study Group: long-term data on
landings, effort and LPUE and seasonal data on landings,
effort and LPUE for 1994 and the last ten years (1985 to
1994).
2.3
Countries
2.3.1
Denmark
2.3.1.1
Areas fished
Long-term trends in landings, effort and
AU recent data coneerning landings, effort and LPUE
aggregated from each FU plus foreign fleets are listed in
Tables 10, 11 and 12 and plotted in Figures 34, 35 and
41.They are newly recalculated data and differ slightly
from the 1994 report (lCES, 1994).
Long-term trends in landings, effort and
LPUE
LPUE
The Danish brown shrimp fisheries data were given by
quarter, year, FU and fleets. Unallocated data (area not
specified) could not be used for the part ofthe functional
units but were integrated in the national Danish statistics,
while German and Dutch landings were neglected.
According to official information these data are
ineorporated in the foreign fleets statistics respectively.
They would be aceounted for twice as it was erroneously
done in 1993 for total Danish landings.
Landings (11358 tonnes in 1994) rose to a higher level
again matching parts of the 80th (Table 10 and Figure
34). Effort can still only be roughly estimated from the
number of trips reported to the authorities (Table 11 and
Figure 36). The total number of trips (25564) was in the
same order ofmagnitude as in previous years. Fishermen
are complaining about the enormous strain encountered
by fishing an increased number of fishing hours in
addition to the use of improved technical equipment.
This ultimately means an inerease of fishing effort whieh
still needs to be documented. Data prior to 1984 are
available until about 1954 but have not been processed
yet. LPUE data (Table 12 and Figure 42) are
consequently misleading because of inadequate units.
No foreign landings in German ports are known.
German vessels landed 222 tonnes of brown shrimps in
Danish harbours in 1994, while 375 tonnes were
reported for Dutch landings eaught in Danish waters and
landed in Danish harbours. The 1994 landings for
Danmark (Danish fleet only) are 1574 tonnes, caught
within 3468 fishing days. This gives a LPUE value of
454 kglday, while the reported CPUE value is
1642 kglday, whieh requires further discussion.
2.3.2.3
Seasonal nuctuations in landings, effort and
LPUE
Seasonal changes in landings showed an average pattern.
(Table 13 and Figures 47 and 48).
Seasonal effort and LPUE are plotted in Figures 49-52.
The Netherlands
Industrial shrimps are not fished for by Danish vessels.
2.3.3
2.3.1.3
The Netherlands did not nominate a member to the
Working Group; consequently, no offieial data were
reported.
Seasonal ßuctuations in landings, effort and
LPUE
There was no further information on changes in
seasonality (refer to Tables 13-15 and Figures 47-52).
However, reeent data are given quarterly.
2
•
•
.
2.3.3.1
Areas fished
No change of information (ICES, 1993; Figs. 2.3 and
2.3.3.1; ICES, 1994). No information on functional units
was available.
2.3.3.2
Long-term trends in landings, effort and
LPUE
Only the 1994 data for landings, effort and LPUE were
presented for total fleet because the scientist in charge of
the crangon fisheries retired and areplacement has not
been chosen yet.
Tbe work up and computerization of available high
quality data is neccessary.
2.3.4
•
ßelgium
Tbe Belgian reporting system is known to be the best in
shrimp fisheries statisties. In 1995, however, Belgium
did not nominate a member to the Working Group;
consequently, no official data were reported.
2.3.5
France
2.3.5.1
Areas fished
Tbc information reported in ICES (1993, 1994) is still
valid. However, data were presented by FU as far as
possible. Areas with very small landings did not report
(FU 16 to FU 19). France did however report its
landings, effort and LPUE off the Belgian coast (FU 10)
by.year whieh are listed in Tables 1-3 and plotted in
Figures 3, 7 and 11, respectively.
2.3.5.2
•
Long-term trends in landings, effort and
LPUE
Landings data for the French shrimp fisheries (Table 10 )
are available from 1970, efTort data from 1985 (Tables
11 and 12 ). However, they are preliminary and only
contain information from ICES areas IV and VIId, the
most important areas (Figures 34, 39 and 45).
2.3.5.3
Seasonal nuctuations in landings, dfort and
LPUE
2.3.6.2
f',
,I
I":.
Scotland
Complete data were presented and are incorporated in
Tables 10-12 aitd Figures 34, 40 and 46.
3
TIME SERIES ON AßUNDANCE OF
C~tNGONANDITSPREDATORS
No information was reported except from Germany
where a national research project has been started to
computerize historie by-catch data from the shrimp
fisheries. Tbis project may continue until the end of 1997
making available on computer a set of data containing
information on shrimp and by-catch from a total of
13000 hauls in three difTerent regions from 1955 to
1994. Tbe sampling programme is intended to continue
but sufTers from discontinuity. It may be combined with
the area-based Demersal Young Fish Survey and be
merged in a trilateral Danish-German-Dutch Monitoring
Programme ofthe Wadden Sea. It is evident that the lack
of manpower hampers progress in the evaluation and
continuation of analysing existing time series data.
Damm et al. (1995) have analysed part ofthe forty years
time series of Crangon data and found a reduced average
length in the consumption size of shrimps which might
be related to higher mortality. Reproductive potential of
the stock decreases with decreasing size of the shrimps
but no effect on landings was found.
4
C~NGON LIFE
CYCLE
No progress was made scientifically. However, the
outcome of the Crangon Study Group was used to
formulate an EU-proposed. projeet ealled CRANGON
whieh covers all aspects of eoncern under this topie. It is
unclear, though, when aitd if the projeet will be
approved.
5
MORTALITY ESTIMATES
No activities were reported for developing data analyses
and methods for estimating the mortality of Crangon due
to predators. Activities may be started in the course of
the intended CRANGON project.
No seasonal data were reported for 1994. (Refer to the
relevant chapters ofICES, 1993, 1994.)
6
2.3.6
United Kingdom
2.3.6.1
England and Wales
No data were reported for 1994.
ENVIRONMENTAL PARAMETERS
As part of an ongoing national project (see chapter 3)
environmental aspects like water temperature, winter
conditions, weather and wind situations may be linked
with the abundance of brown shrimp and its predators,
ete., in a scientific study ofthe German coast. No further
activities or planned projects were reported.
3
7
SELECTIVITY OF SHRIMP TRAWLS
Efforts are being made in Denmark, Gennany, The
Netherlands, Belgium, France and Great Britain through
an EU-funded study called RESCUE to assess the
technical status of shrimp fleets in those countries and,
eventually, to detennine differences in discards within
the fleets for future technical improvements for
ecological and economical benefits in these fisheries.
This EU-study will be tenninated in spring 1997.
8.2
I)
Analyse the demersal young fish and brown shrimp
survey data series for trends in Crangon and
predator abundance.
2)
Analyse existing effort data series to ealculate
LPUE time trends, allowing for documented
changes in fishing power.
3)
Examine existing data series for trends in Crangon
size composition.
4)
Initiate the collection of full fishery statistics by
FU.
5)
Examine the possible impact of the Danish c10sed
nursery area and Iimited entry fishery on
productivity of Crangon.
6)
Investigate the timing of larval production and
settlement to identify the relative importance
recruitment of summer and winter egg production.
7)
Continue the studies of the Crangon Iife cycle,
paying particular attention to aspects of
reproduetion, recruitment, and growth.
8)
Analyse changes in environmental parameters
believed to have an impact on shrimps and their
food organisms and predators.
9)
Improve fish and shrimp selectivity in shrimp
trawls by the study of (a) square meshes in
codends, (b) sorting grids, (c) sieve (veiI) net size
and shape, (d) whole net mesh size, (e) ground rope
and tickler chain configurations.
National projects deal with improvements of selectivity
ofshrimp gears in some countries.
8
RECOMMENDATIONS
As not all brown shrimp fishing countries appointed
members to the Working Group for 1994/1995, it is
recommended that participants are nominated in future
from these countries.
Due to the slow progress made in 1994/1995 the
recommendations from 1994 are still valid:
8.1
Action List
Research
•
Topics for research:
1)
Trends in population levels of shrimp and predator
fish.
2)
Changes in the exploitation patterns on Crangon,
by-catch fish, and discards.
3)
The level and pattern of predation mortality on
Crangon.
4)
Changes in environmental parameters which eould
have an impact on the productivity of food speeies
ofCrangon.
5)
Resolve eertain conflicting aspects of the Iife cycle
of Crangon taking into aecount geographie and
hydrographic differences.
6)
Assess the possible effects of changes in
exploitation activity and pattern on Crangon size
eomposition and consequent reeruitment potential.
9
A meeting of four working days is recommended for
early June 1996.
10
7)
8)
4
Evaluate the role of Crangon in the ecology of
North Sea estuarine and coastal areas.
Develop fishing and handling tcchniques to reduce
the numbers of by-eaught fish and small shrimps,
and improve the survival of diseards.
FUTURE MEETING
LlTERATURE
ICES. 1993. Report of the Study Group on the Life
I1istory, Population Biology and Assessment of
Crangon. ICES CM 19931K: 8.
ICES. 1994. Report of the Study Group on the Life
History, Population Biology and Assessment of
Crangon. ICES CM 1994/ K: 3.
Damm, U.,. Neudeeker, T., and Temming, A. Trends in
the stock ofbrown shrimp (Crangon crangon L.) offthe
Gennan coast. ICES Arhus Symposium revisited, posterpaper submitted for publication.
•
Table 1: Long tenn landings of Brown Shrimp per Functional Unit and years 1985 to 1994
Countrv
tons
8586
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
mean
Denmark
FU 1
FU2
103
218
55
289
239
252
514
293
400
263
76
999
1127
853
339
542
1791
1118
1138
887
Countrv
tons
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
mean
Enoland·
FU 12
FU 13
Gennanv
FU3
2709
2700
2731
2586
2079
1004
1912
1929
2073
2448
2217
FU4
3835
3155
3591
3660
2867
1282
2913
2590·
2593
3470
2996
FU 5
2563
2100
1976
2005
1812
1257
2022
1645
1820
2416
1962
FU6
3107
3269
3369
2250
2138
1180
2102
1545
2602
3024
2458
178
185
FU 16
0
0
0
-0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
FU 17
82
128
100
72
FU 15
198
355
256
199
268
92
69
91
136
France
FU 14
300
279
287
172
The Netheriands
FU7
FU8
FU9
BelQium EnQland
FU 10
FU 11
80
45
41
82
123
49
58
51
58
65
FU 18
FU 19
UK lrish Sea
FU20
FU21
14
19
28
27
31
49
54
64
146
146
58
Total
12805
12100
13496
12163
10460
5574
10052
10319
10911
13041
11268
-
-----------------------------------------
Table 2:
Long term effort of Brown Shrimp Fisheries per Functional Unit and years 1985 to 1994
NOTE: Effort units differ considerably among countries
FU10 data: only French effort in FU10
Countrv
Unit:
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
Mean
Countrv
Unit:
Denmark
days
FU 1
230
476
188
573
671
1008
766
754
857
614
FU2
72
1512
1864
2347
1353
1733
3140 2696
2611
1925
Enaland
FU 12
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
Mean
The Nether1ands
Germanv
FU3
5026
5122
5584
5427
5429
3498
3613
3290
3499
3473
4396
No. ofTri 5
FU4
FU5
6210
6313
6147
6191
6469
6872
6595
7362
6027
7071
3970
6380
6790
4215
6830
3901
6746
4199
4366
6553
5210
6711
FU6
11681
12513
11506
11249
12829
11233 11961
9389
12330
11172
11586
FU7
FU 13
FU 14
567
489
378'
315
287
182
146
198
320,
448
18
FU 17
FU9
78
France
boat-month
FU 16
FU 15
31
485
28
467
556
25
548
30
5533
13
364
8
285
346
4
FU8
Belaium Enaland
boat-mon
FU 10
FU 11
115
86
57
99
133
52
49
36
FU 18
IUK lrish Sea
hours
FU21
FU20
FU 19
437
362
1848
2669
808
1686
3390
1364
11360
9580
3350
Total
Not
comparable
effort
units
--------~-
- - - -
---------
----
---
----------------------------------------
•
Table 3:
long tenn lPUElCPUE of Brown Shrimp Fisheries per Functional Unit and years 1985 to 1994
NOTE: Effort units differ considerably among countries
FU10 data: only French eftort in FU10
Countrv
tons
85
86
87
88
89
90~
91
92
93
94
Mean
Denmark
CPUE (kg/day)
FU 1
FU2
1725
2017
1156
1526
979 ~~
1297
2271
1456
1642
1563
Countrv
Enaland
tons
85
86
87
88
89
90'
91
92
93
94
Mean
FU 12
3377
2176
2215
1529
708
1274
2199
1400
1536
1824
FU 13
Germanv
FU3
054
053
049
048
038
029
053
059
0.59
070
0.51
The Nethertands
tons I No. oftrips
FU5
FU4
o 62·~
041
034
051
029
056
027
055
026
048
020
032
030
069
066
024
062
027
037
079
029
0.58
France
ka I boat - month '.
FU 14
FU15
529
408
571
760
759
460
546
363
503
451
253
877
242
505
263
605
407
FU16
FU6
027
026
029
020
017
011
018
016
021
027
0.21
FU 17
FU7
FU8
FU9
Belaium Enaland
see FU14
FU 10
FU 11
696
523
719
828
925
942
1184
1417
904
FU 18
FU 19
UK lrish Sea
catch/h
FU20
FU 21
32
525
152
101
384
291
159
469·
129
152
27
Total
Not
comparabte
effort
units
..,.
00
Table 4:
Seasonallandings of Brown Shrimp Fisheries per Funetional Unit and years 1985 to 1994
tons
JAN
FEB
* FU1
* FU2
-
FU3
FU4
FU5
FU6
FU7
FU8
FU9
FU10
FU 11
FU12
FU13·
FU 14
FU15
FU16
FU 17
FU 18
FU 19
FU20
FU21
Mean
Total
1023
2411
588
396
577
389
17.35
2533
083
263
15
1
859
8,49
5152
5095
* Damsh data quarter!
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC
MAR
30
37
36
159
370
237
205
74
4651
15686
39884
25866
25058
80.21
17599
19863
20492
43177
61556 • 30996
7032
20515
24291
42724
60678
9863
17499
20263
29543 110886 122071 167478 216025 307637 403166 3791 71 180387
36724
45082
55568
32105
2644
15165
15879
18872
23382
29227
7436
43
883
81
32
13
6.1
29078
6929
27242
55428 163454 174469
- average 1985 • 93
•
6.04
714
1236
38.12'
4451·
31 31
158
43
35051
2804.10
51
47569
2854.14
48
67727
4063.62
7.5
72509
580071
98
90817
544903
103
45586
2735.15
29
11014
88114
lable 5:
Seasonal effort of Brown Shrimp Fisheries per Functional Unit and years 1985 to 1994
NOTE: Effort units differ considerably among countries
JAN
MAR
FES
* FU 1
* FU2
FU3
FU4
FU5
FU6
FU7
FU8,
FU9:
FU 10
FU 11
FU 12
FU 13
FU 14·
** FU 15
FU 16
FU 17
FU 18
FU 19
FU20
FU21'
MAY
APR
120
223
26
83
142
164
123
5
25
18
13
16
36
30
15
24
1068
1014
* Danlsh data quarterl
31
1235
374
448
596
1139
488
456
743
1447
OCl
JUN
AUG
SEP
NOV
DEC
Units
JUL
81
305
108
days
547
723
432
689
591
521
544
566
396
124 No.of
614
819
847
736
519
442
127 tri ps
983
884
877
829
950
548
89
1445
1574
1533
1538
1443
1045
272
36
36
33
33
40
51
49
46
39
161 8
4756
3972
310
2489
432
5026
3197
1709
boat-mon
hours
** average 1985 - 93
;-
---------------------------------------
....
o
Table 6:
---
---
Seasonal LPUElCPUE of Brown Shrimp Fisheries per Functional Unit and years 1985 to 1994
NOTE: Effort units differ considerably among countries
JAN
* FU 1
* FU2
FU3
FU4
FU5
FU6
FU7
FU8
FU9
FU 10
FU 11
FU 12
FU 13
FU 14
** FU 15
FU 16
FU 17
FU 18
FU 19
FU20
FU21
FEB
064
068
020
027
078
070
138
006
184
99
94
148
* Damsh data quarterl
MAR
277
269
056
049
180
022
125
105
APR
MAY
038
040
244
015
0,44
052
324
0,20
SEP
340
441
058
072
410
029
182
209
307
108
165
193
042
046
186
013
036
038
164
011
JUN
507
543
038
039
202
013
223
227
198
128
** average 1985 - 93
•
JUL
AUG
073
084
4,32
036
065
070
329
031
DEC
439
571
064
078
413
027
785
878
605
365
174
195
32,2
17
OCT
NOV
Units
kg/day
tons!
No.oftrip
kq/boat-m
catchlh
Table: 7 Seasonallandings of Brown Shrimp Fisheries per Functional Unit 1994
JAN
FU 1
FU2
FU3
FU4
FU5
FU6
FU7
FU8
FU9
FU10
FU 11'
FU12
FU13
FU14
FU15
FU16
FU17
FU18
FU19
FU20
FU21
Mean, .
Total·'
--
FEB
006
1226
048
000
013
955
010
016
200
296
1480
400
279
1394
Total
SEP
NOV
DEC
APR
MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG
OCT
MAR
2600
40000
3100
26500
7800
43100
227,00 113800
3300
44700
30665
6849 244766
18823
23811
24142
36188
47925
32504
1888
21952
53,16
242,53
489,73
66231
35600
7410 346955
32121
26477
30543
67851
15693
22526
385,44
52832
41050
18871
3708 241611
2792
16599
28939
23456
7272 302358
2507
14078
18642
22838
36693
56729
75878
44251
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000 '.
000
000
000
000
000
14600 .
100
1400
000
000
1900
1600
1500
2400
3100
2000
26525
2715
21592
47161
7220
18018
16201
23147
31375
37897
19004
50539
90092
81006 162032 107962 156875 265280 2358,04 132626
-----------------------------------------------
N
Table: 8 Seasonal effort of Srown Shrimp Fisheries per Functional Unit 1994
NOTE: Effort unlts dltter conslderably among countries
JAN
FU 1
FU2
FU 3
FU4
FU 5
FU6
FU 7
FU 8
FU 9
FU 10
FU 11
FU 12
FU 13
FU 14
FU 15
FU 16
FU 17
FU 18
FU 19
FU20
FU 21
Mean
Total
1
22
14
0
0
MAR
162
185
FES
48
118
172
176
1
22
26
2
0
0
APR
MAY
309
492
674
1473
0
424
528
698
1364
1200
SEP
OCT
JUN
Total
Units
AUG
NOV
DEC
JUL
435
203
57
857 days
985
919
522
2611
354
495
485
477
443
327
109
3473 No.of
648
425
502
621
523
360
105
4366 trips
902
945
877
757
501
108
6553
879
1385
1438
1469
1162
1162
1358
183
11172
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o boat-mon
0
0
0
0
0
1800
1200
1280
1300
1300
1500
0
9580 hours
Table: 9 Seasonal LPUE of Brown Shrimp Fisheries per Functional Unit 1994
NOTE: Effort unlts dlffer conslderably among countries
JAN
FU 1
FU2
FU3
FU4
FU5
FU6
FU7
FU8
FU9
FU 10
FU 11
FU 12
FU 13
FU 14
FU 15
FU 16
FU 17
FU 18
FU 19
FU20
FU21
Mean
Total-
....
IN
FES
006
056
003
000
0
013
043
000
008
0
MAR
APR
MAY
JUN
AUG
SEP
JUL
OCT
NOV
DEC
Units
Total
609
191
385
457
1642,00 kg/day
454
469
178
435
153600
061
052
063
076
067
049
108
063
039
099
696 tons!
065
050
076
045
057
107
061
130
099
071
859 No. of trip
023
024
041
016
026
060
032
054
034
038
352
010
014
016
016
026
039
052
040
017
038
277
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
0,00 ko/boat-rr
000
000
000
000
000
0
158
0
89
125
156
238
93
10440 catch/h
185
0
- '.
Table 10:
long tenn landings, tons of consumption shrimp as presented to the Crangon Working Group
Tons Denmark Germanv Netherlan Belaium France UK
Eurooe
Year total
total
total
total
total
total
total
50
2637
2657
5294
51
3302
4734
8036
52
3286
4224
7510
53
4295
4157
8452
54
4456
3437
7893
55
5641
6358
11999
56
5412
5933
11345
57
4401
5689
10090
58
6501
4201
10702
4431
4726
59
9157
60
4296
3603
7899
61
4496
5587
10083
62
4012
5287
9299
63
8045
15352
67
7240
64
63
6800
8886
15749
65
8047
131
5714
13892
7386
15047
66
85
7576
67
100
4674
7405
12179
68
110
6559
7807
14476
69
6749 .
175
8790
15714
7135
70
69
9668
1363
2700
0
20935
71
57
903
2800
4243
6706
13
14722
72
54
7702
3893
867
2900
10
15426
73
143
6743
5102
1615
3000
7
16610
74
176
6096
9483
1264
2041
9
19069
75
329
5832
1922
1488
8773
1565
19909
76
660
13446
4908
1632
1546
1607
23799
77
720
7836
3440
900
1272
1095
15263
78
1419
3692
614
1443
1367
9211
17746
79
1252
12264
4933
1890
1535
909
22782
80
2140
4927
12952
930
1608
1140
23697
81
2821
10990
4380
808
1407
1202
21607
82
3107
14060
6074
1407
1157
1435
27240
83
1972
8777
5994
645
1029
1490
19906
84
770
8253
4180
641
1313
788
15945
85
744
13250
6199
997
588
803
22581
86
1138
11249
7078
491
1327
1901
23184
87
1734
11698
7789
533
956
3970
26680
88
1050
10500
6233
908
498
2188
21377
89
6975
757
1467
8819
749
1939
20706
90
652
502
4701
4760
446
1221
12283
91
855
8949
6896
454
259
1001
18414
92
2409
6934
246
1033
18906 *
7705
578
93
1510
9090
8126
520
268
1783
21297 *
94
1538
8505
21547 *
11358
146
France: 91,92,93 prellmlnary because some data are mlsslng
U.K.: 74 to '83 and '94 Scotland only, rest including The Wash
14
•
•
Table 11:
Long tenn effort data as presented to the Crangon Working Group
Note t he d"ff
. Wh'JCh are not compara ble
J erent um't s 0 f ef~0rt .In coun t nes
Denmark Gennany Nederlan 8elQium France
U.K.
Europe
Year
NO.vess.
total
total
total
total
total
Units
Fishdays NO.Trips Fishdays HPhours 80at - Mo Fishhours
>
•
•
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
3
3
3
3
3
5
7
5
2
5
6
8
10
14
19
33
31
31
31
31
22
23
24
412
2227
2216
3166
2024
2765
4004
3522
3558
28738
21041
18554
21685
19977
22868
26185
16928
18710
15899
15949
12882
12531
14757
16317
17740
16228
18564
17689
20060
22070
22172
21748
21175
26086
data
in
this
fonn
not
comparable
~
100579
111376
137829
120402
95007
56429
62419
7616
69728
69544
63028
7531,9
6028.5
58758
58392
6248.6
7646,1
75591
69843
7898
7055
27404
29291
30012
30490
30641
31356
25081
24561
24840
26837
25564
Damsh effort data from 86 onwards: FIshing days
1198
1070
1016
992
958
611
488
584
978
1218
2476
1685
2184
2294
1492
1552
1319
750
6062
14137
15584
27001
21200
25782
27713
21668
12566
31849
9580
France: ICES IV and VII d only
U.K.: 74 to '83 and '94 Scotland only, rest including The Wash
IS
,---------
- - -
Table 12:
Lang tenn CPUE data as presented to the Crangon Working Group
. between countnes
.
Note the d ifferent not compara bl e e ff0 rt UOIts
Denmark Germanv Nethertan Belgium France
U.K.
total
Year
tlvessel
total
total
total
total
kg/dav
t/trip
Units
tlf.dav
ko/hph
ko/b.mont kg/h
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
223
21
437
283
333
22
25
138
285
10,8
23,8
22
32.9
47.1
379
43
404
69
91
1006
896
335
31
10496
11594
8431
6976
2787
4718
9349
6169
6176
DK: From 1986 CPUE
03
04524
03748
03837
03427
02813
01874
03644
03102
03387
04443
5841
798
498
477 5
3433
6717
7415
10576
475
4729
5842
9814
8862
7975
5556
5923
5733
7752
7369
6595
5953
453
740,7
810,5
7095
data
in
this
fonn
not
comparable
0161
0114
0114
0133
0095
0109
0146
0122
0116
0202
0102
0085
0098
0084
0091
0,08
0098
0059
0,065
0.073
0,074
1633
1854
1938
1737
1428
1646
2303
2185
(kg/day)
F: ICES area IV and VII d only
U.K.: 74 to '83 and '94 Scotland only. rest including The Wash
16
Europe
total
92
1067
848
1364
916
1722
2091
1598
2032
1427
2732
2500
4825
3705
2160
3290
21 85
17 50
4165
2445
152
•
Table 13:
Seasonal Landings (tons) of consumption shrimp as presented to the Crangon Working Group
A" Oata for 1994
tons
Oenmark Gennanv Nederlan Belgium France
U.K. Europe
total
total
total
IQuarterlv
total
total
total
Month
Jan
13
2
10
Feb
4
70
125
Mar
1
Apr
901
o no
Mav
791
19 data
730
892
Jun
16
1065
15
Jul
Aug
1549
20
Sep
518
2120
24
2327
31
Oct
14
Nov
1312
256
Dec
252
0
B: 10 vears averaQe 1985 -199 4
tons
Denmark Gennanv Nederlan
total
Month
Quarterlv
total
Jan
44
*
Feb
51
Mar
1148
173
Apr
625
632
Mav
Jun
562
716
Jul
901
AUQ
1277
Sep
296
1860
Oct
1982
Nov
1070
261
Dec
294
* Danish data: Mean 1986 - 94
Belaium
total
France
total
U.K.
total
Eurooe
total
1
1,5
13
32 no
6,1 data
4.3
5,1
48
7,5
98
10.3
29
-
-
-------------------------------------------------
00
Table 14:
Seasonal effort data as presented to the Crangon Study Group
A' Oata for 1994
OK
Gerrnanv Neder1an Belgium France
U.K.
Eurooe
Month
louarter1v
total
total
total
total
total
total
Units
Fishdavs NO.Trips Fishdavs HPhours
Fishhours
Jan
37
0
Feb
51
0
Mar
373
342
o no
Apr
2274
o compar2316
Mav
1200 able
Jun
1455
1941
1800 data
Jul
2355
1200
AUQ
2518
1280
Sep
1145
2536
1300
Oct
2435
1300
Nov
1849
1500
Dec
588
397
0
B 10I years averaoe 1985 - 1994
Denmark Gerrnanv Neder1an Belaium
Month
lauarterlv
total
total
total
Units
Fishdavs NO.Trips Fishdavs HPhours
Jan
96
*
Feb
61
Mar
354
512
Apr
2556
Mav
3135
Jun
1075
3314
Jul
3579
AUQ
3778
Sep
665
4092
Oct
3737
Nov
2431
Dec
562
612
* average 1986-1994
France
total
U.K.
total
Fishhours
1068
1014
1235
161 8
4756
3972
310
2489
432
502.6
319.7
1709
Eurooe
total
no
comparable
data
Table 15:
Seasonal LPUE data as presented to the Crangon Working Group
A' data tor 1994
U.K.
Germanv Nederlan Belaium France
DK
total
total
total
total
total
Month
auarterlv
tItrio
ut.dav
ka/HPh
kQ/h
Units
kQ/FLdav
0
035
Jan
0
019
Feb
0
190
037
Mar
0
040
Aor
158
Mav
034
89
046
Jun
2051
125
045
Jul
'062
156
AUQ
185
084
Seo
1665
238
096
Oct
93
Nov
071
0
064
Dec
1699
....
\0
B: 10 vears averaae 1984 - 1993
Denmark Germanv Nederlan Belaium
total
total
total
Month
DK
ka/HPh
Units
ka/FLdav tItrios
Ut.dav
046
Jan
*
Feb
083
Mar
288
034
Aor
024
Mav
020
558
Jun
022
Jul
025
AUQ
034
Sec
435
045
053
Oct
Nov
044
Dec
571
048
* average 1986·1994 (Mean ot single FU data)
France
total
U.K.
total
kQ/h
940
1480
1050
1980
1280
1080
1650
1930
17 40
1950
3220
1700
,---------
Figure 1
-----
Long Term Landlngs
Figure 2
Long Term Landlngs
Denrnar1< (FU1 + FV2) .
GennBny (FU3· FU6)
2000 ~------------------,
4000 , - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ,
3500
3000
2000
1500
1000 .L-85~-86+--8±:-7 --,,86':--:"891:---"90"--9....1 --9....2--9-+3--94+--'
I'" FU3 .... FU4 ..... FU5_ FU61
long Term Landlngs
Figure 4
SCo1Iand (FU21)
160 . , - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ,
140
120
•••••••••••••••••.•.••••••••.•••••••••••••.•••.•..••.•••••.••.•••....•..••...••••...••••...
100
..••.•....•••••...•••.••••••••.••.••..•.....•.••••••.......••.•....•.....•.••.••..•.•..••.
B80
••••••.•••••••••••••••••.•.••.••••••••••••••.•••••••......••...••...••.•••..•......•••••...
60
•
20
O.1-+_-+_--t--+_-+:--I:_-I:_-I:_-I:_-+_'
85
86
87
86
89
90
91
92
93
94
I"'FU2q
Figure 6
long Term Effort
Germany
14000 . , - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ,
12000
10000
!
'1;8000
1
6000
4000
••••••.••••••••.••.•••••••••...••.•••••••...•""...-~"'---~=;
2000 .l...:85~-:86+:-~87!:--:<88:---89:t---.,90:-t---.,9+1--:92+:--9 ...
3 --:"
94t-l
I... FU3 .... FU4 ..... FUS_FUsl
Figure 8
Long Term Etrort
SCo1Iand
12000 . , - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . . ,
j
10000
•.•••.....••••••••..•.••••••....••••••••••..••..••••••.••••.••.••.•••••.•..•.••.....•.
8000
•.•••...••••••••.••••••••.•.••••.•...••.•••....••.••..•••..••••••••.......••.••••••••..
6000
•••••••••••••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.••.•••••.•••••••••.•..••.•..••.••••.•••.••.•
2000
•
Figure 9
FigurolO
Long Term LPUE
. Leng Term LPUE
DermetI<
Gennany
35OOr-------------------,
0,8
3000
0,7
••...••••••••....••••.•.•..••••••••.•••••..•.•.••..•.•••••.••.••.•.....•.......•.••••...
0,6
i~o.S
.;
1°,4
1500
0.3
1000
0.2
500 .1.....:85±--:"86t--8:-:!7:---:88:t--:"89t---:-<9O:--:9:':1--=92t---:-<93~-:94:+:-'
0.1
85
86
I-FU1- FU2 1
Figure 11
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
!-FU3 .... FU4 ...... FUS .... FU61
Figurel2
Long Term LPUE
Long Term LPUE
France
Seo1lond
1600 , . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ,
1400
.
1200
..
60
50
11000
l:-::_:ts:;:=
i
40
30
20
400
2OOL.--+---t--I---+--J:~~~--+---.1
85
86
~
88
89
90
~
92
~
94
10
85
Figure 13
Figure 14
Seasonal Landlngs 1985 - 94
...
.
~
•••••••.••.•••••••••••••.•••.•••••••••••••••••••••••.•••••..•.•.;;..........................
1200
••••••••..•.•••••.••••••...••••••.•••••••.•••••••..•••••..••••.•..••••.••.•.•••••.•..••.~.-
150
•
91
92
94
SOOO r------------------,
4000
3000
I
2000
.
..
...
.
1000
.
° .LJAN~,..-::FE±:B:-:-:MARt::"-=AI'7R::"""7Io1A:t:-:Y-J::'U::-:N-J-::'U'::""L-A:7UG~::SE±:P:-::-OC±:T:-:-:N±:OV::-=D:tEC=-'
I_FU1 .... FU2
FigurelS
90
.
300
so
89
Gennany
400,.--------------------,
100
88
Seasenal Landlngs 1985·94
DermetI< (Da1ll quartarly)
350
86
bV21J
I_FU14 .... FU lS ...... FU 101
°
Figuro 16
Seasonal Landlngs 1985·94
U.K(Seo1Iond)
France
so
lJAN~-:F:'!E!':B~MAR~~AP~R~MA~y~JU~N~JU~L~AU~G~s:EP~oc~T~N~o~V~D~EJC
1_ FU6 .... FUS-e- FU4 .... FU31
1
Seasonal Landlngs 1985·94
..
12
r--------------------,
10
40
30
S
20
10
2
°
o JAN FEB MAR A1'R loIAY JUN JUL AUG SEP ocr NOV DEC
I-FU1SI
I- FU21 1
21
Figure 17
Figure18
Seasonal Effort 1985 - 94
Seasonal Effort 1985 - 94
DerITlar1< (Data quw1er1yl
GenNny
800.,-------------------,
1600
.
1400
.................................-
700
•
600
...--------------=----....,
1200
•
-------_._- •.
...........................................................................................
200
.......................
• --_
.
400
100
•••••••..••••••..•.•.••••••••••••....••.•....•••••••••..••••••.•.••.•••.••..•...••••.•..
200
-
- -
___ + _ - + - - l - - + - + _ - + - + - _ +__t-l
O~-~=__+
o .l.JAN-+---F:::Et::B...,MAR:-:+::-AP-:-:t::R-MA:-+:-Y:-J:-U.,.N--JU>-L-A....,U>-::G-S-..,E>-::p-OC:-t-:r-N~O-Y-O-<E--lC
JAN
I... FU1 ........ FU2!
Figure 19
Figure 20
Seasonal Effort 1985 ·94
France
SCo1Iend
55.,-------------------,
600.,-------------------,
50
500
~40
Seasonal Effort 1985 • 94
•••••••.•.•••••••.••.••.••••••••.•••.••.••.••.•••••.••.•.•••.••.•.••••••••.•••.•.••••.•.
i 35
••••.••••••••••••••••.•••••••.•••••••••••••••••.••••••••••.•••.••••••••.•••••••••.••••••.
400
j
300
30
,
.
200
20
J..JAN:-r:-F=Et::B...,MAR:-:+c:~APt:R:-:-::MA...,Y~JU...,N.,...--:JU:'::L--AU:'::G:-:::S±EP=-=oc±r::-:cN"!:ovc:-=o"!:Ec=-'
100
I... FU21 I
I... FU15 1
Figure 21
Figure 22
Seasonal LPUE 1985 - 94
550
•
..••••••••••••••.•.•.••••••.••.••.••.••. y ..................•....•.....•........•..•••...•.
500
••.••••.•••.•••.••.••••••..••••.•••••••..•.••••.••••.••••.••••••••••••.••.••••.••••••...•••.
.........._--- ---
-
5...-------------------...,
.
350
...•..•.•••.••..•.••••••••••.•..•..••.••••••••..•.••••··········ii··························
300
.••••••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.•.••••••••••••••••••••.••...••••••
250
,
J..JAN7t":"::-::FEt:S:-:-:MARt::--:AP"!:R::-:MA:t":':Y-J::'U~N-::'JU'::-L-A:-:UG'=""-=-SEt:p:-::octr~N±OV:-:-::D"±E~C
O~~~~
JAN FES MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP ocr NOV OEC
I... FU3 ........ FU4 - - FU5 ...... Fuel
I... FU1 ........ FU2 1
Figure 23
Seasonal LPUE 1985 ·94
Germany .
DerITlar1< (Data quw1er1y)
600
-'-:'JAN!"=":::F~EB:=::-MAR:t-AP±R:-:-:MA+cY"....,J,..UN-,--J::'U>:-L-A.,.,U..,G:-:S"±E~P...,OC:tT:-N:-O±':Y~O"±EC~
Sesonal LPUE 1985-94
Figure 24
France
1000 . . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . . . . ,
800
Seasonal LPUE 1985 - 94
SCo1land
35,-------------------,
30
25
15
200
10
o l.JAN--<>--F::1E~B-MAR-:+::-AP:-:!-R-MA-+:-:Y-J".U-I'l-J".U.,..L-A.,.,UG~S±EP=-=OC±T::-:cN±OY-c-=-OEicC,.J
I... FU15 1
22
5
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP ocr NOY OEC
E§l
•
Figure 25
Figure 26
Seasonal Landlngs 1994
Seasonallandlngs 1994
DermIII1c (Defa~)
Genn8ny
8OO-r--------------------,
500.-------------------,
...
• 00
•••••••••••••••••••••••••.••••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
300
...•.••.••.....••.•••••.............•..•.••.•.........•••••••.••••.....••.••.••••.•..••••••.
200
..•••.•...•....••••.•.•.•...••.••.•..•...•.••••..•..•...••••••.••.....•••••••....•..•••••.•.
100
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
•
•
•
•
o .LJAN~=::F!:EB~MAR~!'P~R..,.MA:tcY::-::JU+:-N:-::<JU~L--:A-:<:UG=-=S±:EP=-=OCt:T;-,N~OV,.,..,..-:O:iEC~
o .1.J-:"AN>:-:-F::-:Et::B--:MARc:-!:::-!'P±R--:MA~Y:-J-::'U~N:-J-::'U'::"L--:A:-:'U:::G--:S:-!E:::P--:OC:t:T-:N7:!O=-:Y-:O:-:!E='C
I... FU3 ..... FU4 ..... FU5 .... FU6 1
I... FU1 .... FU2I
Figure 27
.
B~
...
Figure 28
Seasonal Landlngs 1994
Seasonal Etrort 1994
DermIII1c (Defa ~)
SCotland
35-r-------------------,
1000 , - - - - - - - -.....- - - - - - - - - - - ,
...
30
800
•••••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.••••••
600
20
i
B15
..................--
•
..
10
200
••...••••.••.•••.,.•••••••••••••••••••••••••.••••••••••.••••••.•••••.••.••••••••••••••.
o....JAN:T:":"-:F±EB::-:-:MARt-!'P±R--:MA~Y--:J::tUN:-:-:J:'::UL:--:-:AU-t::G:-:::SEPc-:OC:t:T-:N:-±OV7:"::O±EC=-'
I... FU1 ..... FU2 1
FiguR 30
Seasonal Etrort 1994
Figure 29
Seasonal Etrort 1994
SCotland
Germany
1600 , . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ,
•
2000 . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ,
j 1000
.
o
JAN FEB MAR !'PR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOY OEC
200
o ~JANI==:F'EB~MAR:t-!'P±R:-MA±Y-:-:JU~N:-:-J:+U:-L-:A::'UG:::-S:::Et:P:-=OCtT~Nj:OV:-:-::O::!E~C
I... FU3 .... FU4 ..... FU5 .... FU61
Figure 31
I... FU2 1 1
FiguR 32
Seasonal LPUE 1994
700 . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ,
600
...........................................................................................
500
....--
...
--..-._
Seasonal LPUE 1994
Germany •
DermIII1c
...
_--
•...
,,4,..--------------------,
1,2
.
300
200
...........................................................................................
100 .1.JAN-:7:";-;:FTEB::-:-MAR:T.:-AS'±R:-:-:MAtY~J::':U~N-J-::'U'::"L-A:::U'::G:-::S::tEp::-:OC:±:T-:N:::OV!::":-=-OETC~
/ ... FU1 .... FU2!
0,2
o .1.-l~""F,.EB=-MAR--AP-+-R-MA+Y-J...U-N-J-Ul-L-AU+G--:S:-:!E~P-OC::-t:T:--N+OY--O"'Ec::-'C
I... FU3 .... FU4 ..... FU5 .... FU61
23
FiguR 33
Seasonal LPUE 1994
FiguR 34
Long Tenn Landlngs
ScoIInd
1>Jc:c.n1..
PnliJnilI.-y cIo<a
25,-------------------,
30000 , - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ,
25000
20
20000
10000
5000
o
~o__+-
68 59 62 65 68 71 74 77 80 83 86 89 92
_ _..__+_-t__+_-+__+-_<__---<.._........J
1== -Germany
JAN FEB !AAR,APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV OEC
~
FiguR 35
-UK
Long Tenn Errort
FiguR 36
BelgIlI11
Germany
31000
••.••.••.....••••••••••••.••.••.••.....•.•••••••......•••.•.••..•.•..•••...•••••.•••.
30000
•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••. .•••••..•••••••••••
••••••.•••••••.••.••••••••••••••••••••••••.••.••••••••..•.•••••.•••••••....•.•••••..••..
l!. 29000
~3000
lö
!a: 2000
't5 28000
~ 27000
•••.•••••••••.•••••••••.••..•••••••••.•.•••••••••.•••••.•••.••••••••..••••••••••••••••••.
°8062M8668ronn~n8062M6668~92~
28000
.••••••••..••.•••••••.•••••••••.•••••.••.••.••.••.•••••••••••.•..••.••.••.•• .••.• .
25000
•••••••.•..••••••••••....••••••••••..•.•••••••.••.......••.••.••........••••
Long Tenn Errort
•
.•. •.••.
24OOO8062M6668ronn~n8062M6688~92~
I-Germanyl
1-- Oe<mark I
FiguR 37
ElrOpe
32000 , - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ,
5000 , - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ,
1000
Nether1ands -
-
Long Term Errort
0errn8tll
4000
-
FiguR 38
Long Tenn Errort
BelgllI11
The NetwlIInds
30000 , . . . . . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - . ,
14000 , - - - - - - - - . . - - - - - - - - - - - ,
12000
8000
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::.··E~::
10000 ~80O:-+:62t+:M':-+:66±+:68±+:7±O-+7±2-+7:':4c+=!76c+=!78:-+:<80t-+::'82O:-+:MO:-+:66O:-+:88t+:~t+:92t+:~-+:'
I--N-l
FiguR 39
Long Tenn Errort
FiguR 40
Long Tenn Errort
UrItlld I<lngdom
FI1InC8
1200
,--------------<f-----,
35000 . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ,
30000
••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••• .•.
1000
~
800
••..•.•............•.....•.........•........•••.•..•••..••..•.•...•...•..•....•........•.
800
.••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••••.•••..•..••.••.••.••.••.•..••.••....•.•••••.•....•....••••
I
10000
5000
~8062M6668ronn~n8062M6688~92~
I-24
FI1InC8
1
••••..••••••••.•••••••••••.•••••••••.••.•••••••.••.•••.•..•...•••.•••....••.•••••••..••.
°8062M6668ronnnn8062M8688~92~
I--UKI
•
Figure 41
Long Tenn LPUE
Figun 42
Long Tenn LPUE
Derm8I1l
12000
Gennony
r-------------------,
0,5,.....--------------------,
0,45
10000
0,4
~O,35
0,3
0,25
4000
0.2
2OOO~~M~MronHnn~~M~u~~~
0,15
Long Tenn LPUE
Figun 44
_•••••••••.••••••••••••••••••••••-.
M 66 68 70 72 74 76 78
~ ~
.
M 86 86 00
~ ~
Long Tenn LPUE
The Netw1llnds
1200
~ ~
__
1-Genn8ny1
1- Derm8I1l1
Figure 43
-••-"
BeIg.."
r--------------------,
0,22 r-------------------,
0.2
.
0,18
--
-•••.•••••.••••••.
0,16
~O,14
}O,12
0,1
0,06
0,08
2OO~~M~MronHnn~~M~MOO~~
~~~M6668ronHnn~~M86MOO~~
I-Netlel1IndIl
Long Tenn LPUE
Figure 4S
/-Belg""1
Figun46
Long Tenn LPUE
UK
FI'1lnC4l
2400 , - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ,
.,....·a_.,..
...
5Or-------------------,
2200
40
Scat.d~.NIt""n.w
•
••••.•••••••••••••••.•••••.••••••••••••••.•.••••••••••••••••••••••••-••••.••_••- . .....
10
1600
~~~M66MronHnnM~MMMOO~~
O~~M66MronHnn~~M86M~~~
I-Fr..-.cel
I--l
Snsonal Landlngs
Figure 47
Figun48
Seasonallandlngs
.... COU1l1es (A....goi 1985· ~)
.... c:lllR1es (Data 1994)
2500
2000 , . . . . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - : : , . . . - - - - - ,
2000
1500
B
1000
500
500
0
•
Jan Fob M... ~M.y"'" JIl
Aug Sop 0cI Nov Dec
1- Derm8I1l -- Gennony - - U.K
o .l....4=~-M.....-~-M-'loy-""'
.....-JIl--Aug_....
Sop--'lOct-Nov
....~Dec+-l
1- Demwk - - Gormony - - U.K
25
Fipe 50
S...onal Effort
F..... 49
Seasonal Etrort
A I _ (00dII1*)
AI e<U*les (Avwaga 1985 94)
.
3000 . , - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ,
2500
••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••.••••••••••••......•.••••.~~-~.=
5000 . , . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - .
4000
.•.••....••.•.•••••..•..............•.••.•••••.••.•••••...•.........•.•........•.......•
2000
3000
1500
2000
1000
1000
I_ DK(ft.doys)
I- DK (ft.doys)
.... Gemw1y (No. <JA t1ps) ... U.K. (hoIn)
.... Germany (No. of lI1ps) ...... U.K. (holn)
Fipe 52
Seasonal LPUE
Seasonal LPUE
AI~es(Da.94)
AI ~es (Avwage 1985·94)
2500 . , . . . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ,
2000
.••.••..••....•••.•••..•.•..•.••.••.•.... !!'.••••••••••••.••••••••••••••••••••••••••...•.•••••
1500
...••••••....•••.•..•..•..•..•...•.•.....••...•••••.•.•...•••.••.••..••••••.......•••••••.•..
1000
..•..•••.•...•.•.•••••.....•...•••.................••..•..•••••••••.•..••••••...•..•••••.••..
500
•
•
.•..••.•••....••.••.••....•••.••••....•••.••.••.••.••.••.••........•..•....•....•.•••••.••••.
•
o
JIIl
Fell
"'.-
/lf1t
I- DK (kgIFI.day)
May
JI.n
""
Aug
sep Oct
.... Gemw1y (""1l) ...... U.I<. (kgotl)
Nov Dec
600.,....------------------,
•
•
500
.••...•.•••.••..•...••••.•••••..•.•••.•••...•••••••••.•..•..•..••...•.•..•..•...•.••.••...•.•..
400
••.•••••••.....•.•..••••...•••••••••....•••••••••••.•••.••......•.••••..•..•••..•....•.••..••..
300
•.•-......••••••.•.....•.•...•..•.....-•.•.•.-•.•.-...•..............••.....••.••.••••...••••
200
••.•••.••••••••.•••••••.•••••.•••••.••.••.•••••••••••.•••.•.•....•..•........•...•..•..•.......
100
••.••..•.••••.•.••••••.•..•••••.••.••••••••••••••.••.•••.•••••.••....••.••••••....••.••.•••.•..
•
o ~~*=::lil==:j~;:=~=~~=:;::~t:::::;::~~;::~
JIIl
Fell
"'.-
/lf1t
I_ DK
May
.M
JU
Aug
5ep
Oct
Nov Dec
.... Gemw1y oe- U.K.
•
26