ICES CM 1998/0:67 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea Theme Session on Deep~water Fish and Fisheries Research on deep-water species off the Portuguese continental coast by O. Moura. I. Figueiredo. P. Bordalo Machado and V. Henriques Instituto de Investiga<;ao das Pescas e do Mar" IPIMAR Av. Brasilia. 1400 LlSBOA PORTUGAL ABSTRACT The tendency of fishing fleets to extend to deeper areas implies an increasing capture of deep-water species. not yet fully utilised. Following this trend an effort has recently been put on species and their ecosystems study. Deep-water species from the Portuguese continental slope have been routinely studied under an IPIMAR project since 1994 and later integrated into an EU " FAIR Project. This paper focuses on some aspects of Deep-water species: analysis of landing data. fisheries description and presentation of research surveys results. Landing data are available from an independent Portuguese Administrative office. Most representative landed species (either in total weight or price) were selected. Despite teleosteans and selachians present the highest landing weight, crustaceans are. by far. the most valuable. At Portugal Mainland there are three fisheries targeting deep-water species: a crustacean trawl that develops on grounds off South and Southwest coasts and two with longline. one directed to Black scabbardfish off the West Coast and the other directed to sharks off the West Galician coast. Research surveys aim the study of biology. distribution and biomass estimates of deep-water species. Most frequently captured species have different distribution patterns. Some present an extended distribution area. which includes nearly the whole surveyed area: others. such as Bluemouth and Red and Scarlet shrimps, have a more restrictive distribution. living usually close to deep-canyons. Species community structure. alternative statistical approaches to species abundance estimation and biological parameters crucial for population dynamics are now being further analysed. meanwhile some results have already been published. Key-words: Deep-water species. Fisheries. Landings, Portugal Mainland, Surveys. \ 1. Introduction In recent years there is a global tendency of fishing fleets to extend their fishing areas more deeply, mainly due to the overexploited status of the majority of traditionally exploited resources. As a consequence several new species became frequent in the catches. This recent input of new food proteins are not completely profited, since consumers are not yet aware of them and some time lag is expected to occur just before a routine consumption. In Portugal Mainland. Black scabbardfish (Aphanopus carbo) is a good example of this, despite exploratory surveys have indicated its occurrence off the Portuguese continental slope near Sesimbra port, in the year of 1980, it took almost three years for the species to enter into the consumer market (Martins, pers. comm.). Catches in deeper and far from the coast areas are, therefore, associated with an oodesirable and oocontrolled throwaway of marine reSources from ecosystems, by all recognised, as very fragile and quite different from the more coastal ones (Gordon et aI, 1995). As a consequence most of European coootries are now developing research studies on deep-water species, i.e .. species dwelling deeper than 400 m, according to the definition adopted by the ICES Study Group on the Biology and Assessment of Deep-sea fisheries resources. In Portugal Mainland several deep-water species have already some economic importance, as a matter of fact. in 1996 their landings represented almost 10 % of the total landings in weight. which corresponded to nearly 15 % of the income generation. Despite most of the species landed are by-catches of the traditional coastal fisheries, three deep-fisheries are already settled. from which two are with longline that began their activity in the early 80's (Anon. 1997). Research on deep-water species from the Portuguese continental slope started at IPIMAR in 1994. Nevertheless, there is also previous data on these species that was collected during IPIMAR research surveys, particularly those targeting Black scabbard fish and Deep-water crustaceans. namely Norway lobster (Nephrops l1orvegicus). By the end of 1995. IPIMAR research actIVItIes on deep-water species have been integrated into the EU - FAIR Project: Developing deep-water fisheries: data for their assessment and for understanding their interaction with and impact on a fragile environment. This paper summarises the main information on deep-water species off Portuguese continental slope that is available both from landings and research surveys. It also presents some comments that involve aspects that should be further analysed in order to get better insights for a correct assessment and management of these species. 2, Landings An independent Portuguese Administrative office is responsible for the establishment and updating of Databases on Portuguese fisheries. ICES CM 1998/0:67 • 2 - Commercial fishing vessels are grouped into several categories. which are established according to the fishing gear used or the main fishing area where the t1eet mostly operate. Only three categories are here considered: trawl. purse-seine and polyvalents, because the fishing vessels they include operate within the Portuguese EEZ. Portuguese deep-water species landings are commonly assigned to polyvalent category that means landings reserved to vessels that have permission to fish with several fishing gears. namely, longline, traps, gillnets. etc. Portuguese continental landings breakdown for the following selected taxa by month, landing port and fishing category were obtained: Teleosteans Alfonsino (Bery·x spendens) Alfonsinos (Bery'x spp.) Black scabbard fish Blackspot seabream (Page/l"s bogaraveo) Bluemouth (Helicolenus dilC(dopterus) European conger (Conger conger). Forkbeards (Phycls spp.) Greater forkbeard (PhyCIS blennOides) Scorpionfishes (Scarpaenldae) Silver scabbardfish (Lepidopus cQudalus) Wreck fish (Po(\-prron amerICanus) Selachians Blackmouth cats hark (CI..1/eZls melaslOmus) Gu!per shark (Centrophorus granulosus) Kitefin shark (Dulaliasiicha) Leafscale gulper shark (Cenlrophorus squamosus) Portuguese dogfish (Centrosc:vmnus coelolepis) Crustaceans Red shrimp (Aristeus antennalUs) Scarlet shrimp (Plesiopenaeus edwardsianus). Official landing data are based on species identification done by fishermen at each landing port. Thus some misidentifications can occur specially when dealing with closely resembling species. ICES CM 1998/0:67 , J ' A deep-water shark identification program carried out, on a regular basis, by IPIMAR technicians at Sesimbra port, took place from 1996 to 1997. During 1997 this Program was once executed at Viana do Castelo. In both landing ports, no problems on species identification were detected. In terms of total weight landed, teleosteans and selachians are more important than crustaceans. However the later. are, by far. the most valuable; in 1997, Red shrimp had an average price per kg, of2376 PTE and Scarlet shrimp of 1713 PTE. Even thus at the same year. Wreckfish priced 2247 PTE per Kg and Blackspot seabream 1300 PTE. Deep-water species, landed at Portuguese continental fishing ports, are markedly different in size. Regarding this fact. relative importance of 1997 landings, between the species listed above, are analysed based on their yearly total weights and on their mean commercial value per kg. Combining those two quantities the most important landed specIes are: I>' - Silver scabbardfish (total landings ~21.j3 millions of PTE); 2"d Black scabbardfish (total landings ~998 PTE): yd European conger (total landings ::::955 PTE): .j'" Wreck fish (total landings ~465 PTE): 5'" Blackspot seabream (total landings ~380 PTE): 6'" Red shrimp (total landings ~2T2 PTE): T" Portuguese dogfish (total landings ~ 192 PTE); 8'" Leafscale gulper shark (total landings ~ 115 PTE): 9" Gulper shark (total landings ~ I 05 PTE): 10'" Alfonsino (total landings ~69 PTE): II ," Bluemouth (total landings ~6 PTE): 12'" Blackmouth catshark (total landings ~ 1.6 PTE): 13'" Scarlet shrimp (total landings ~ 1.5 PTE): 14" Greater forkbeard (total landings ~.5). Monthly total weight landings by fishing category, from 1992 to 1997 are presented in Annex I, Figs. 1 to 5. For most species the landing data available do not show a clear seasonal pattern of exploration. More. than 90 'Yo. of the deep-water fishes are landed by the polyvalent fleet while almost 87 % of the deep-water crustaceans are landed by trawlers - the so called crustacean trawl fishery from Algarve, later described. ICES CM (998/0:67 - 4 - Yearly total weights landed by port (Annex I, Fig, 6) are presented for each taxa in Annex II, Tables 1 to 5. In 1983, Viana do Castelo was the leading fishing port of Gulper shark; this year corresponds to the beginning of the longline fishery that targeted this species. After 1994. landings at this port decreased and Peniche became the first landing port of the species. During the whole time period under consideration Sesimbra has been the main landing port for Black scabbardfish. representing nearly 99 % of the species total landed weight. This port is also the most important for associated species: Portuguese dogfish (96 %) and Leafscale gulper shark (91 %). Almost 78 % of Silver scabbardfish landings are assigned to this landing port. In 1993, both Bluemouth and Scorpaenidae species were mainly landed in Sines, but after 1994, Algarve landing ports were the most important ones. The main landing ports of Kite fin shark varied along the years: from 1991 to 1995 Sines was the main landing port. in 1996 it was Peniche and in 1997 it was Lagos. More than 50% of Blackmouth catshark. other squaloid shark. is landed in Algarve. The catshark is greatly appreciated illl this region. especially during Christmas time, when it can reach a price per kg of about 4000 PTE. For the remaining fishes Peniche is the major landing port. Deep-water crustaceans captured by trawlers are mainly landed at Algarve landing ports: 99.5 % of Red shrimp total landings are recorded at Vila Real de Santo Antonio while Portimao is the most important landing port for Scarlet shrimp. Nevertheless the polyvalent fraction of Red shrimp landings are assigned to Figueira da Foz . 3. Brief description of Portuguese deep-water fisheries Despite the great variety of deep-water species landed at Portuguese fishing ports most of them are by-catches of fisheries targeting other species. Three Portuguese fisheries can be considered as deep-fisheries since they explore deeper areas where species diversity are mainly composed of deep-water species. One was mainly developed on grounds off the South and Southwest coasts, using trawl gears and directed to crustaceans. The other two use longliners. one directed to Black scabbardfish off the West Coast of Portugal and the other directed to sharks off the West Galician coast. 3. 1. Crustacean trawl fishery The target species of this fishery are Rose Shrimp (Parapenaeus /ongirostris) and Norway lobster, which is caught at depths ranging from 200 to 700 m. The deepest grounds are attained when it is intended to target Norway lobster that, in Portuguese waters, is mainly captured at depths ranging from 400 to 700 m. ICES CM 1998/0:67 -s. The fishing fleet is made up of about thirty-five open deck stem trawlers (17-35 m) most of which are about 20 years old or more. However. there are five modem trawlers fitted with refrigerated holds that can undertake longer fishing trips than usual and thus operating far from the coast. Despite the fleet operates mostly off the South and Southwest coasts of Portugal mainland there are also two trawlers registered at Cascais landing port, near Lisbon .. \Vhen trawling hauls are performed on deeper grounds about 15 deep-water fishes and 2 deep-water crustaceans are caught as bycatch species and some, such as European conger. Bluemouth, Greater fork-beard and Blackrnouth catshark, are also landed for human consumption. 3. 2. Portuguese Black scabbardfish fishery This fishery started only in 1983 at Sesimbra port and is only performed by longliners. The fishing takes place in hard grounds along canyon slopes off Sesimbra, on depths normally ranging from 800 to 1200 m, where the target species is more frequently found. Associated with the capture of Black scabbardfish. certain deep-water sharks important to the incomes generated by this fishing activity are also captured, namely Lefscale gulper shark and Portuguese dogfish. In 1996 the longline fleet was composed of 22 long line vessels, all registered at Sesimbra harbour, that is also the base for their fishing activities. Fifteen of these vessels are involved on this fishery all the year round and the other seven join them seasonally, The longline gears used are well adapted to the specific characteristics of the target species. lishing grounds explored and depths achieved. Consumers buy this species fresh and without any transformation. Sharks. on the contrary. need processing on shore. being their livers used to oil production and later exported. Recently, the meat of sharks has increasingly been processed for human consumption. in form of fillets. 3. 3. Deepwater shark fishery This longline fishery aims the capture of deep-water sharks and is based at Viana do Castelo. It was initiated in 1983, and their fishing gears received some technological influences from Sesimbra. Longlines are set on grounds usually ranging from 800 to 1400 m deep but, if necessary, they can be set in deeper grounds. The bulk of the captures consist of only one species, the Gulper shark, so, fishing yields attained are much conditioned on its abundance. However, other deep-water species are caught in smaller quantities, such as Leafscale gulper shark, Portuguese dogfish and also several bony fishes. ICES CM 199810:67 - 6 - In 1992 the fleet landing Gulper shark in Viana do Castelo were composed of 6 open deck longliners (mean length of 18.6 m) fishing during all the year. Since then, the catch rates have decreased steadily, threatening the continuity of this fishery. In 1996 there have been only one longliner engaged in it at full time. The gear setting is made at down and is hauled about three hours later by the end that was set first. This last operation takes 11 to 14 hours and occurs during daylight. Fishing trips usually last five days during which are performed three gear settings. Common bait is Sardine (Sardina pilchardus) but either Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) or Chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) can be used. During the first years of this fishery only the shark livers had commercial value. Livers continue to be important to the viability of this fishery, however, the fish caught is actually landed and also sold for filleting. To increase the value of landed fish, fisherman process now part of the catches on board. 4. Portuguese research surveys IPIMAR research surveys held on board of the RIV "NORUEGA from 1990 to 1992 aimed to study the biology, distribution and abundance of Deep-water crustaceans, namely, Norway lobster, off the Portuguese south and southern west coasts. During these surveys several deep-water species were also caught and biological information collected. Based on these data a report on specific geographical and bathymetric distri bution, as well as abundance estimates in weight or biomass estimates by species were accomplished by Figueiredo et al. (1994) Since 1994, deep-water species research surveys have been performed along the Portuguese continental slope. Their main objectives are the study of biology, occurrence and distribution of deep-water species as well as biomass estimates by species. Three summer research surveys were done by RIV "Noruega" in 1994,1995 and 1997, covering depths ranging from 200 m to 800 m. except for the last one, that only explored areas more than 400 m deep. A stratified sampling program was adopted for these surveys (Figueiredo 1., 1995). In each stratum two hauls, at least, are randomly performed using a special trawl gear designed for the capture of crustaceans with a cod-end of 20 mm and an horizontal opening of 30 m. Each haul lasts about 1 hour and the vessel is kept at a constant speed of around 3 knots. Occasionally, with rough grounds, a Norwegian Campel Trawl gear (ref. FGA V005) with a cod-end mesh size also with 20 mm is used. During these research surveys, many species are caught. According to their relative importance the following species were selected for implementation of studies on distribution, abundance and biology: Teleostens Bluemouth ICES CM 1998/0:67 - 7 - European conger Greater forkbeard Mediterranean redfish (Hoplastethus mediterrqneus) Mediterranean longsnout grenadier (Trachyrhynchus trachyrhynchus) Roughtip grenadier (Nezumia sclerorhynchus) HolDeephal, Rabbitfish (Chimaera monstrosa) Seleaehians Blaekmouth catshark Birdbeak dogfish (Deania calcea) Gulper shark Kitefin shark Crustaceans Giant red shrimp (Aristeomorpha/oliacea) Goldenshrimp (Plesionika martial; Red shrimp Scarlet shrimp Mediterranean geryon (Geryon longipes) For each of these species biological data on individual length, total weight, sex and maturity stages are obtained based on samples collected by simple random sampling. Supplementary samples for extraction of otoliths, vertebrae and dorsal spines are also collected. Density (kg by square nautical mile) and biomass (t) estimates were determined using a stratified sampling estimator (Cochran, 1977), for Alentejo and Algarve regions (Figueiredo el aI, 1994). A multivariate method - cluster analysis - was applied to the study of composition and distribution of deepwater species off the Portuguese south coast (Moura el ai., 1995). Several results based on IPlMAR ongoing studies on deep-water species are summarised below. Greater fork-beard and Roughtip grenadier are commonly caught, being evenly distributed along the slope. Bluemouth presents a patchy distribution, being more frequent at depths lower than 800 m. ICES CM 199810:67 - 8 . It is worth to mention that Bluemouth has been referred by Albuquerque (1956), as common in Madeira, but rare off the Portuguese continental coast. However during these surveys it was noticed that the species was abundant in grounds off the south coast deeper than 400 m, mostly around submarine mountains in the neighbourhood of deep canyons (Figueiredo MJ .. 1995). The abundance and occurrence of European conger presents an increasing tendency towards the south. A direct relationship between total length of this species and depth is observed; smaller individuals tend to occur mostly at lower depths. Mediterranean redfish and Mediterranean longsnout grenadier are more abundant at Alentejo region. Rabbitfish despite being more frequent at Alentejo and Algarve reglOns. at depths greater than 400m, is absent offing Cape S.Vicente. Blackmouth catshark is the most frequent captured selachian species; the highest mean yield estimates are attained at depths ranging from 600 till 800 m. The occurrence of Birdbeak dogtish is scarce at Algarve region. This species is more frequent at the occidental slope, particularly at depths ranging from 800 to 900 m. The occurrences of Gulper shark and Kitefin shark are very low, the former is only captured on few strata off the Algarve coast. Golden shrimp is a common crustacean species. presenting a regular distribution along the whole surveyed area. Red shrimp is relatively common along the Portuguese continental slope but presents a very irregular distribution pattern. Both Giant red shrimp and Scarlet shrimp are infrequent species. Mediterranean geryon distributes preferentially at depths greater than 600 m. being more common along the occidental slope. namely. at the northern region. Most of biological studies already undertaken tocussed the adaptation and development of ageing techniques necessary tor the identification and enhancement of growth bands. Growth structures such as otoliths in bony tishes (Moreira, 1998) and vertebrae (Correia and Figueiredo, 1997) and dorsal spines (Bordalo Machado and Figueiredo, 1998) were used with success. 5. Final comments Most of deep-water species landings are by-catches of fisheries targeting other species that live close to fhe coast but whose distribution area may extend deeper. ICES CM 1998/0:67 - 9 - The capture of those deep-water species may be thus considered as a direct consequence of a recent global trend of the coastal fishing fleet to move to deeper and unexplored areas where the traditional overexploited species may be present. A close inspection of the most important deep-water species landed in Portuguese continental landing ports with those commonly captured during IPIMAR research surveys show a different composition pattern between both. For instance deep-water sharks, such as Portuguese dogtish and Gulper shark are not so frequent on research surveys as they are on landings. Among several factors that can contribute for this discrepancy, it is worth to mention two major ones: - fishing gear - research surveys use only a bottom trawl while landings are mainly from the polyvalent fleet that can operate with more than one fishing gear; - tishing area - the area covered by the bottom trawl used during IPIMAR research surveys is restricted to the trawlable one and fishing hauls can not extent to regions deeper than 900 m, on the contrary the commercial fleet can operate over a more extended and deeper area. Biological studies, such as growth and reproduction, are in an initial phase of development. Different ageing techniques have been developed with success and macroscopic maturity scales have been also used. nevertheless several limitations, mainly related with spatio and temporal data availability, may cause in the future an undesirable deceleration of biological studies. A continued collection of biological data is fundamental for determining important population characteristics, such as, time and area of spawning, fecundiiy. growth pa.rameters and feeding habitats. Acknowledgements: This research program was supported bv IPIMAR and the E.U. FAIR project 95-0655 " Developing deep-water fisheries: data for rheir assessment and for understanding their interaction ),t'ilh and impact on (1 fragile environment". 6. References Albuquerque, R., 1956. Peixes de Portugal e Ilhas: Adjacentes. Chaves para. a sua determinayiio. PorI. ACla BioI.. serie B, 5.XVI + 1167 p., 445 tig. Anon, 1997. Second interim Report of the EC FAIR Project CT 95-0655. Developing deep-water fisheries: data for their assessment and for understanding their interaction with and impact on a fragile environment, Doc 32. Bordalo Machado, P. and Figueiredo, I., 1998. A new ageing technique for Birdbeak: dogfish (Deania ca/cea. Lowe, 1839) dorsal spines. Book of Abstracts of the 2'd international Symposium on Fish Otolith Research and Application Bergen, Norway, 20-25June, Contribution no. 67. ICES CM 1998/0:67 - 1 0 - Cochran, W.O., 1977. Sampling Techniques. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 428 pp. Correia., J.P. and Figueiredo,!.. 1997. A modified calcification tecnhique for enhancing growth bands in deep-coned vertebrae of elasmobranchs. Environmental Biology of Fishes. 50:225-230. Figueiredo, M. J.; Moura, O. and Figueiredo. I., 1994. Peixes de profundidade da costa continental portuguesa. Relat. Cient. Tee. Inst. Port. Invest. Marit .. 3, 85 p. Figueiredo. I.; Figueiredo. M. 1. and Moura. 0., 1995. Distribution, abundance and size composition of Blackmouth cattlsh (Galeus melastomus) and Small spotted dogfish (Seyliorhinus eanieulal on the slope of the Portuguese south and southern west coasts. ICES CM 1995/G:9, 38 p. Figueiredo. M.J .. ; Figueiredo. I. and Moura. 0 .. 1995. Distribution, abundance and size composition of Blackbelly rosefish (Helycolenus dactylopterus) and Mediterranean redfish (Hoploslelhus mediterraneus) on the slope of the Portuguese south and southern west coasts. ICES CM 1995/0:10,38 p. Gordon. J.D:M .. N.R. Merret and R. L. Haedrich, 1994. Environmental and biological aspects of slope-dwelling fishes of the north Atlantic in A.G. Hopper (ed) Deep- Water Fisheries of the North Atlantic Oceanic slope, 1-26, Kluwer Academic Publisher. Netherdlands. \loreira. A.. 1998. Deterrnina9ao de idades em Cantarilho. I Congresso de Estudantes de Biologia, Universidade de Evora. 12-13 Junho 1998. \loura. 0: Figueiredo. I. and Figueiredo. M. 1.. 1995. A first approach to the definition of deep-sea species communities from the southern Portuguese coast. ICES CM 1995/0:14 Ref.H. ICES CM 1998/0:67 • 1 1 • Annex I ICES CM 1998/0:67 III Polyvalent ~'Inl I I _ 41XX~1 v I Purse-seine I , I""" _Trawl 10, .. " JSIKKI liKKKI ~ nlKKI J 21KKKI I , I II"" I II i , mPolyvalent I_ Purse-seine aTrawl ~,," I""" I5<KKI ooot SIKK" .1 I A. • ~L"" A 21!.1 Alfonsino Alfonsinos III Polyvalent ; 71XKUI o Polyvalent I • Purse-seine (~KKKKI I_TraWl • Purse-sein-e I I h .... I l),," SIXKKXI . 41KKKKI " • Trawl 1,",,, llKKKKI ;!,XXXI ISIKKI HK •• ) 2l1CKIOU SIXKI ,,= Mg,,,hIY<"-t M"nIJJy.'~r Blackspot seabream Black scabbardfish Figure I - Monthly landings by fishing fleet category of Alronsino, Alfonsinos, Black scabbard fish and Blackspot sea bream ( 1992-1997) ICES CM 1998/0:67 1m Polyvalent ill Polyvalent a Trawl 2, •• , • Purse-seine I a Trawl I 10 .. ,", • Purse-seine ,,,,,.' r I~I"' I",., '''"OJ ,, 141K' !""JL' I2IKI kl "« UXXI ~oK'''' I""" 81X' ..... ~ " 41~) }I ••• , , .. Montbf\'< •• M"hlhlY~... '"' European conger Bluemouth ill Polyvalent SIKXIO . • Purse-seine 45<U) I a Trawl ,.", III Polyvalent • Purse-seine ~ 41XKKI .... a Trawl 15<U) Ij'" ,IXU) " I"" SUI '"' Mon''''''' .... Mon'bf\'u. Greater forkbeard Forkbeards Figure 2 - Monthly landings by fishing fleet category of Bluemouth, European conger, Forkbeards and Greater forkbeard (1992-1997) ICES CM 199810:67' III Polyvalent I ~(KXXI • Purse-seine I UIXXI II Trawl III Polyvalent • Purse-seine ! lIXK~1 2.IIXX' " MlHJlhiVrar M"nlh1\'."r Silver scabbardfish Scorpionfishes ill Polyvalent IlII Polyvalent I!(~K' • Purse-seine • Purse-seine 11K ... • Trawl XI"., " l'ln 1'J'J.l 1'.>')4 l'I'!'i I~% MunlhlY •• , Wreckfish Blackmouth catshark Figure 3 - Monthly landings by fishing fleet category of Scorpion fishes, Silver scabbard fish, Wreckfish and Blackmouth catshark (1992-1997) ICES CM 199810:67 1'1'17 fUXX~J IllI Polyvalenl • Purse-seine 7IXk~' .Trawl 'lIkXXI IdKXMJ $IXX)l1 '" ...., -j - , '~.: II I ,,,,, I I I!il Polyvalent I_ 1 1 Purse-seine , _Trawl I Kf, Il'" A ,,,,, SIX) M""d""."t MunlhIY."r Kitefin shark Gulper shark III Polyvalent 16O!XKI 14(XX~1 I ill Polyvalent ! r _Trawl ""'" 11 • Purse-seine I llikKKI I • Purse-seine 1 I _Trawl IUlUK) ..:« II!kHI (~X.~I ,.".:. ,., MonthlY.". M"nll.rv.". Portuguese dogfish Leafscale gulper shark Figure 4 - Monthly landings by fishing fleet category of Gulper shark, Kitefin shark, Leafscale gulper shark and Portuguese dogfish ( 1992-1997) ICES CM 1998/0:67 .' • Trawl 2'11XKI (I I • Trawl . • Purse-seine • ".11 IIllPolyvalent I!llPolyvalent l\~XXI . L~(XX) ' '""'II 5(~~1~ ~ ........ ............... '", ... II" M"nlhil "N, M""'W'«d Red shrimp Scarlet shrimp Figure 5 - Monthly landings by fishing fleet category of Red shrimp and Scarlet shrimp ( 1992-1997) ICES CM 1998/0:67 P urse-selne . 42°r-"nTnnTr~TnTr~Tn~~Tr~~--~ 00' N 30' 41° 00' 30' 40° 00' 30' 39° 00' 30' 3S0 00' 30' 37" 00' 30' 36" 00' 100 00W 30' goOO' 30' S'OO' 30' Figure 6 - Map of fishing landing ports along the Portuguese continental coast. ICES CM 1998/0:67 Annex II ICES CM 1998/0:67 Species Landing port Viana do Castelo P6voa do Varzim Matosinhos Aveiro Figueira da Foz Nazare Peniche Ericeira 1992 1993 10 2 Table I - Yearly Species Landings (in tons) by tishing port (1992-1997) Alfonsino Alfonsinos 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1992 1994 1995 5970 n 2()XX 559 7·W2 22.tO 3237 12 11) X 174 2705 3162 5847 555~ 1637 8755 23955 23327 1825~ 35104 44349 28232 Cascais Sesimbra Setuhal Sines Lagos PortimAo Olhiio 2950 1044 156522 346 25336 2114 38064 651 51682 215 ()29 372 Tavira V.Real S. Ant. Docapesca TOTAL Species Landing port Viana do Castelo P6voa do Varzim Matosinhos Avciro Figueira da Foz Nazare Peniche Ericeira 191 4196 1652 29104 1992 427 13 1993 452 655 79 9893 370 1855 5701 61 882 1 124 7522 567 4548 7726 183 2993 921 5970 15\3 2956 14305 49 3704 11) 42531 272 72287 7 87545 t993 1167 16563~ 65612 76569 Blackscabbardfish 1994 1995 3420226 15 841 2-l1 677 720 t996 7 11)0 61 1997 168 1992 753 430 24127 Y6 149 26709 297 134832 12906 215946 3322847 102 779280 107982 2427 4 21228 4 47408 13530 1488274 376245 46 66Y47 75895 18942 3350193 130271 1262565 7 139639 2396612 1996 1997 25 1)1) 5081 1622 9126 11 1802 7695 116 8119 676 5792 13649 4613 133 6338 1504 5388 10864 370 18 3605 3065 1044 9370 8 8814 4155 24~7 ~2 29 34176 7~')57 42341 Silver scabbard fish 56 24930 621 1528 74 5013 113 3897 2300 4389045 4512552 3420158 42604(1) 3682493 0 3 934 536 551 2 209 129 411 57 1994 470706 8318 11391 518 509 8827 235181 1995 3242 1444 6184 78 2 2716 218585 1996 720 5 47 200 20 548 108720 470091 149373 130259 11282 11423 15685 50 86 159 1523857 5260472 17597 65126 54506 12681 26546 \09\042 350 3068 1581 12308 18338 327 2685 5672190 448 11 1237405 1997 328 1 83 76669 Cascais Sesimbra Setuhal Sines Lagos Portimilo OIbilo 13 159 Tavira V.Real S. Ant. Docapesca TOTAL 8833 4423462 2778 4518599 6847923 5782 4271722 3685612 1633185 94 6718 3191 10 330 2035 1722644 Species .Landing port Viana do Castelo Povoa do Varzim Matosinhos Avciro Figueira da Foz Nazare Penie"e 1992 1993 12 5772 3708 5971 77189 388 7979 2562 25284 98705 367 11683 914 3803 11123 5949 32703 51 596 6256 166097 865 6135 8774 2189 23853 7394 18141 Table 2 - Yearly Species Landings (in tons) by fishing port (1992-1997) Scorpionfishes Bluemouth 1994 1995 1996 1997 1992 1993 1995 1994 598 31111 612 5631 2351 13455 166659 1233 8638 123 174 1344 248·1 6805 100849 501 1360 1673 6644 117724 33UI 3287 1119 5305 249117 98511 35671 147 3396 21790 1019 3180 14739 8.t75 437K8 6745 11547 391 21170 8971 15680 9325 3589 4856 555 1812 3696 3276 5044 2727 275008 555 232507 6140 172962 4078 154807 1996 156767 100492 265935 1997 131838 89356 173888 2409 50507 67479 795167 13858 10872 106370 18196 165252 133138 35611 41815 4571 5600 7104 1853033 2221 -, 1996 1997 34 1885 8902 54 5 88 1890 8902 187 2034 5669 498 70 23288 148690 Wreckfish 1994 1995 4570 12882 1220 2493 16440 7921 79 239 40 38 10471 19811 219662 184711 1996 1434 1824 2972 13 20 4169 129119 1997 190 959 2264 82 104 5170 116223 919 20413 4141 18138 65595 1183 45733 27 123 1425 338133 2051 12546 2323 27577 63170 615 38228 81 42 87 418283 2564 43008 3509 22646 67115 192 23869 7 87 132 372138 580 15642 1855 9695 41016 422 4561 3 87 121 213533 244 7022 1486 3585 23346 377 2150 17 Ericeira Caseais Sesimbra Selubal Sines Lagos Portim§o Olhilo Tavir. V.Real S. Ant. Doeapesea TOTAL Species Landing port Viana do Castelo Pc\voa do Varzim Matosinhos Avciro Figueira da Foz Nazare Peniehe Ericeira Cascais Sesimbr. Selubal Sines Lagos Portim§o Olhio Tavira V.Real S. Ant. Docapesca TOTAL , . 1992 136847 85033 269016 36320 69905 62494 454388 8609 21709 122143 5178 182772 89303 37712 101760 10554 5592 5650 1704985 442 9139 211849 ---- 1993 145165 127519 267410 51548 72067 123979 707992 6462 24758 104248 15654 217569 133290 57098 92686 10427 22871 6979 2187720 European 1994 258223 170642 436709 33331 99408 166541 1160904 10115 29875 95414 15550 209450 174426 50484 152898 9715 22004 5125 3100811 conger 1995 164226 120501 417324 27591 99692 101380 983268 5347 15981 181662 27609 214470 142765 44822 96698 9826 13530 6285 2672978 16949 87050 84876 923966 10905 14460 143771 35202 188175 121807 53176 50988 12619 24139 5588 2296867 27 901 20 I 9 3 209 587 41 WOO 814 1992 109 1339 4973 164 57 10162 83110 16 597 17372 1232 16842 76524 2116 51794 36 38 1469 267950 1993 28 ----- 61 186 163449 Species Landing port Viana do Castelo Povoa do VarLim 1992 1482 1875 17122 24 1256 7245 111065 993 3890 27905 827 38305 41187 7784 4976 1584 723 180 268424 Mutosinhos Avciro Figueira d. Foz Nazare Peniche Ericeira Cascais Sesimbra Setubal Sines Lagos Portimao Olhiio TaviraV.Real S. Ant. Docapesca TOTAL Species Landing port Viana do Castelo Povoa do Varzim Matosinhos Avciro Figueira da Foz Nazare Peniche Ericeira Cascais Sesimbra Setubal Sines Lagos . Portimiio Olhari Tavira V.Real S. Ant Docapesca TOTAL ------- L 1993 3939 I 75()9 4021 10606 501 591 19524 158295 535 4128 13458 2263 38016 48569 6029 5798 1315 834 63U 326046 (,J 752 14206 18N28 706 5442 17188 4054 40422 474U2 1992 1993 9309 3680 12219 7137 3103 7546 32092 57 706 12151 1470 5121 21444 7212 3476 25593 15722 37788 9171 2518 24899 29520 44 36 4891 2807 2783 15730 11332 7042 12 39 2327 192255 4520 131245 Table J Y"afly Sp"ci", Landings (in Ions) by lishing pori (1992-1997) Fnrkheanh Greater rorkbeard 1994 1995 1,992 1.996 1997 1993 1994 1995 18318 521 J 2487 501 1-22J5 171 10190 ·1158 :~).'d ·I-X:"X 19.22 25 ,1() I (l·IS I" 6XH 10085 IX.l7 ')751 12J.ftl6 96.16J 466 870 4515 28924 1378 46712 37097 104111l 5738 2118 1751 498 26·1214 5136 456911 3426 33587 42228 472 1111121 '0008 195 1357 389 377543 2%182 6682 15141 538 609 Blackspotseabream 1994 1995 18945 7455 9189 4836 32325 29705 2479 16~O 3228 5184 13874 18903 32733 102653 122 116 IU4 436 3884 14308 688 1241 3445 3352 17598 6301 3757 2455 11295 3153 1996 1997 ·18 8476 981711 260M 2857 311110 107U 50262 3 49226 7384 5639 29 1139 613 265768 8053 1526 1140 74 8127 38 1564 18 1206 4 1822 507 1825 511 . . 1996 1997 1992 1993 11685 5274 44898 5327 153118 10813 70785 20 51 14308 451 3363 6623 12630 1636 12661 4731 24872 2281 3769 11523 72U7U 51 91 24042 1340 3642 18119 803 927 97629 86743 16179 II 15 2944 183878 13 I 13 I Portuguese dogfish 1994 1995 1996 10299 6832 1838 ... 1997 16304 I 58 13507 8461 12107 7819 8932 9970 577214 484807 52n91 762915 740678 13 8U852U 2628 4828 2835 3921 3715 619 3496 556176 783949 756895 841138 20 2591 1373 690961 597564 II I 555 154221 -- 146 1584 203518 5285 208467 - - ----- - -- .' " , Species Landing port Viana do Castelo P6voa do Varzim Matosinhos 1992 397 Table 4- Yearly Species Landings (in tons) by tishing port (1992-1997) Blackmo"th catshark Kitefin shark 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 ,1 6 1407 1509 19 110 1054 1016 2 2159 436 91 67 105 4303 290 L)1) ., 1997 Aveiro 46 Figueira d. Foz Nazare Peniche 1415 2136 6775 26()6 J 132 315 39 12945 1315 3701 311 4 15667 1801 12407 16532 1235 8650 11860 5298 13516 7813 1280 16303 143 34 1042 34922 49 1738 28959 1775 6lJ3 16J 3].17 JlJH 4 2073 1092 ' Ericeira Cascais 9 7 Sesimbra Setubal Sines Lagos Portimao OIhao Tavir. V.Real S. Ant. Docapesca TOTAL Species Landing port Viana do Castelo Pavoa do Varzim Matosinhos Avciro Figueira da Foz Nazare Peniche Ericeira Cascais Sesimbra Setubal Sines Lagos Portimao 0lh50 Tavira V.Real S. Ant. Docapesca TOTAL - -- 7659 2318 4162 19 22 16054 46 20143 36964 29481 Leafscale gulper shark 1994 1995 532751 4864 6222 5011 71 1992 1743 14110 12370 1993 lOS 29956 3178 1996 1997 17224 5752 787 14 10272 1833 26 8416 6784 10533 2667 4839 2230 4444 1790 372079 392 815 6108 280919 460 1089 6138 4 530823 548 1456 18084 511904 306 1413 15602 1353 505 1446 874 421089 62 47 337686 5446 203 9166 216 6842 1284 22 874 49 1730 55 13 4122 124 134 1466 15 128 10828 7420 10994 1992 467909 676 III 60 11024 Gulper shark 1994 1995 41040 31398 23 5206 1993 402712 2826 1996 13016 350 4 3634 1997 40122 373 I I 32 -- 14 2176 1390 609 162830 17 380466 123 969 5351 14 342677 6 13859 403 954 III 831 1347 41 1108186 543501 8 410796 356053 20 15341 1538 18906 113 273 78 682157 6327 108514 1167 92292 23 1465 114451 3 735 70656 891 102131 12710 198 375 7377 19 13832 14196 24 54 17309 350 11507 11459 9 33 17526 141 16129 22 16916 19 138 13412 825 5443 17 22951 37 124 12735 163 9108 225 331 98 183498 192730 101 7 121648 933 5 189590 555148- - -- I I Species Landing port Viana do Castelo Pc\voa do Varzim Malosinhos Avciro Figueira da Foz Nazare Peniche Ericeira CascaisSesimbra Sehibal Sines Laglls Porlimilo Olhilo . Tavira V.Real S. Ant. Docapesca TOTAL 1992 1993 Table 5 - Yearly Species Landings (in Ions) bylishing port (1992-1997) Red shrimp Scarlct shrimp 1995 1996 1997 1993 1994 1992 1994 1995 1996 1997 177 552 I. 4 13086 5239 9029 111600 6731 13317 15 350 19 16 89 3 1046 240 5 306 1887 I 139 435 27663 28220 4051J 60 9 130 99 139 24274 62934 76659 10200 I 5 79676 87553 118106 . 44081 34274 2295 33379 87 324 3 532 1199 1224 216 363 430 535 1199 1227 4 397 915 ,) \