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Contents
Page
Introduction and Overview ...................................................................................................................... 1
E. Durant McArthur
Introduction: shrubland ecosystem dynamics in a changing environment ........................... 3
Julio L. Betancourt
Long- and short-term climate influences on southwestern shrublands ................................ 5
Kris Havstad
William Schlesinger
Reflections on a century of rangeland research in the Jornada
Basin of New Mexico .......................................................................................................... 10
E. Durant McArthur
Jeff E. Ott
Potential natural vegetation in the 17 conterminous western
United States ...................................................................................................................... 16
Vegetation Dynamics ............................................................................................................................. 29
John A. Ludwig
Stephen G. Marsden
Predicting shifts in Australian shrublands with changing climates
and land uses ..................................................................................................................... 31
Jack D. Brotherson
Elevational relationships of introduced woody species on the islands
of Lanai and Hawaii ............................................................................................................ 36
M. H. Nichols
L. J. Lane
R. Gibbons
Time series analysis of data for raingauge networks in the
Southwest ........................................................................................................................... 43
Laura Foster Huenneke
Shrublands and grasslands of the Jornada Long-Term Ecological
Research Site: desertification and plant community structure in
the northern Chihuahuan Desert ........................................................................................ 48
A. L. Hild
Winterfat shrubland boundary dynamics under different
grazing histories ................................................................................................................. 51
D. B. Wester
Kimball T. Harper
Renee Van Buren
Stanley G. Kitchen
Invasion of alien annuals and ecological consequences
in salt desert shrublands of western Utah .......................................................................... 58
Scott C. Walker
David K. Mann
E. Durant McArthur
Plant community changes over 54 years within the Great Basin
Experimental Range, Manti-La Sal National Forest ........................................................... 66
Lakhdar Benkobi
Daniel W. Uresk
Seral stage classification and monitoring model for big sagebrush/
western wheatgrass/blue grama habitat ............................................................................. 69
Steven O. Link
Gregg M. Petrie
Lee E. Rogers
Estimating latent heat flux in the shrub-steppe using Iysimeter
and satellite data ................................................................................................................ 74
Donald G. Vickrey
Albert J. Peters
Mapping plains-mesa grasslands of New Mexico using high temporal
resolution satellite data ....................................................................................................... 81
Marlen D. Eve
Albert J. Peters
Using high temporal resolution satellite data to assess shrub
control effectiveness ........................................................................................................... 88
Management and Restoration Options ................................................................................................ 95
Robin J. Tausch
Past changes, present and future impacts, and the assessment of
community or ecosystem condition .................................................................................... 97
Page
Stanley G. Kitchen
Derek B. Hall
Community stability in a salt-desert shrubland grazed by sheep: the
Desert Experimental Range story .................................................................................... 102
T. L. A. Ruha
J. D. Landsberg
R. E. Martin
Influence of fire on understory shrub vegetation in ponderosa
pine stands .......... '" .......................................................................................................... 108
M.lshaque
R. F. Beck
R. L. Steiner
Ecology of two Acacia species in Chihuahuan Desert rangeland .................................... 114
Gary L. McBryde
C. Wayne Hanselka
Modeling mixed brush rangeland to determine economic characteristics
of managing a Mexico-U.S. watershed ............................................................................ 119
Richard Stevens
Scott C. Walker
Juniper-pinyon population dynamics over 30 years following
anchor chaining ................................................................................................................ 125
Hossein Heydari
Bruce A. Roundy
Carolyn Watson
Steven E. Smith
Bruce Munda
Mark Pater
Summer establishment of four Sonoran Desert shrubs using line
source sprinkler irrigation '" .............................................................................................. 129
Thorsten Wiegand
Suzanne J. Milton
A simulation model for shrubland ecosystem dynamics in arid
Karoo, South Africa .......................................................................................................... 135
L. L. Cadwell
J. L. Downs
C. M. Phelps
J. J. Nugent
L. Marsh
L. Fitzner
Sagebrush restoration in the shrub-steppe of south-central Washington ........................ 143
Thomas A. Eddy
Ecotonal dynamics of high-bush blackberry in eastern Kansas ....................................... 146
Carl L. Wambolt
Myles J. Watts
High stocking rate potential for controlling Wyoming big sagebrush ................................ 148
Stephan A. Nelle
Management and use of browse in the Edwards Plateau of Texas ................................. 151
Dana L. Quinney
Marj McHenry
Jay Weaver
Restoration of native shrubland in a military training area using
hand-broadcasting of seed ............................................................................................... 156
Jamey Thompson
Laura F. Huenneke"
Nurse plant associations in the Chihuahuan Desert shrublands ...................................... 158
Susan C. Garvin
Susan E. Meyer
Stephanie L. Carlson
Seed germination studies in Atrip/ex confertifolia (Torr. & Frem.) Wats ........................... 165
D. Carl Freeman
John M. Emlen
John H. Graham
Robert L. Mara
Mary Tracy
C. L. Alados
Developmental instability as a bioindicator of ecosystem health ..................................... 170
Page
John M. Emlen
D. Carl Freeman
J. M. Escos
C. l. Alados
Interaction assessment: predicting the impact of alternate range
management actions ........................................................................................................ 178
Matthew Fidelibus
Raymond Franson
David Bainbridge
Spacing patterns in Mojave Desert trees and shrubs ....................................................... 182
Ecophysiology ...................................................................................................................................... 187
H. Wayne Polley
Hyrum B. Johnson
Herman S. Mayeux
Charles R. Tischler
Impacts of rising CO2 concentration on water use efficiency of
woody grassland invaders ................................................................................................ 189
Walter G. Whitford
Ernesto Martinez-Meza
Amrita de Soyza
Morphological variation in creosotebush, Larrea tridentata:
effects on ecosystem properties ....................................................................................... 195
Stanley D. Smith
Anna Sal a
Dale A. Devitt
James R. Cleverly
Evapotranspiration from a saltcedar-dominated desert floodplain:
a scaling approach ........................................................................................................... 199
R. l. Pendleton
S. D. Nelson
R. l. Rodriguez
Do soil factors determine the distribution of spineless hopsage
(Grayia brandege/)? ......................................................................................................... 205
Tom Monaco
Bruce N. Smith
Dan Hemming
Lee D. Hansen
Stephen B. Monsen
Stephanie l. Carlson
Dark respiration comparisons of forbs and grasses from
common gardens .............................................................................................................. 210
Vincent P. Gutschick
Physiological control of evapotranspiration by shrubs: scaling measurements
from leaf to stand with the aid of comprehensive models ................................................ 214
Amrita G. de Soyza
Walter G. Whitford
Ross A. Virginia
James F. Reynolds
Effects of summer drought on the water relations, physiology, and growth
of large and small plants of Prosopis gJanduJosa and Larrea tridentata ........................... 220
Keith T. Killingbeck
Tracking environmental change with the desert shrub ocotillo
(Fouquieria spJendens): prospects and pitfalls ................................................................. 224
Joneen S. Cockman
Rex Pieper
Dennis Clason
Arroyo-riparian shrub diversity along a transition zone between the
Sacramento Mountains and Tularosa Basin, New Mexico ............................................... 230
R. E. Estell
E. l. Fredrickson
D. M. Anderson
K. M. Havstad
M. D. Remmenga
Tarbush leaf surface terpene profile in relation to mammalian
herbivory ........................................................................................................................... 237
Page
Trista L. Hoffman
Carl L. Wambolt
Growth response of Wyoming big sagebrush to heavy browsing
by wild ungulates .............................................................................................................. 242
Charles R. Tischler
H. Wayne Polley
Hyrum B. Johnson
Herman S. Mayeux
Effects of elevated concentrations of carbon dioxide on seedling
growth of mesquite and huisache ..................................................................................... 246
J. Ross Wight
Clayton L. Hanson
Gerald N. Flerchinger
Energy balance dynamics within a shrub-dominated watershed ..................................... 249
Jerry R. Barrow
Bobby D. McCaslin
Role of microbes in resource management in arid ecosystems ....................................... 253
Judith Lancaster
David Mouat
Robert Kuehl
Walter Whitford
David Rapport
Time series satellite data to identify vegetation response to stress as
an indicator of ecosystem health ...................................................................................... 255
Mohamed Jabbes
Douglas Johnson
Paul Doescher
Evaluation of root growth of selected Medicago and
Hedysarum species .......................................................................................................... 262
Field Trip ............................................................................................................................................... 267
Kris Havstad
Reldon Beck
Research in the Jornada Basin of southern New Mexico: a field tour .............................. 269