RECENT ADVANCES in
WATER RESOURCES,
HYDRAULICS & HYDROLOGY
Proceedings of the 4th IASME / WSEAS International Conference on
WATER RESOURCES, HYDRAULICS & HYDROLOGY
(WHH'09)
Cambridge, UK
February 24-26, 2009
Mathematics and Computers in Science and Engineering
A Series of Reference Books and Textbooks
Published by WSEAS Press
www.wseas.org
ISSN: 1790-2769
ISBN: 978-960-474-057-4
RECENT ADVANCES in
WATER RESOURCES,
HYDRAULICS & HYDROLOGY
Proceedings of the 4th IASME / WSEAS International Conference on
WATER RESOURCES, HYDRAULICS & HYDROLOGY
(WHH'09)
Cambridge, UK
February 24-26, 2009
Mathematics and Computers in Science and Engineering
A Series of Reference Books and Textbooks
Published by WSEAS Press
www.wseas.org
Copyright © 2009, by WSEAS Press
All the copyright of the present book belongs to the World Scientific and Engineering Academy and
Society Press. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or
otherwise, without the prior written permission of the Editor of World Scientific and Engineering Academy
and Society Press.
All papers of the present volume were peer reviewed by two independent reviewers. Acceptance was
granted when both reviewers' recommendations were positive.
See also: http://www.worldses.org/review/index.html
ISSN: 1790-2769
ISBN: 978-960-474-057-4
World Scientific and Engineering Academy and Society
RECENT ADVANCES in
WATER RESOURCES,
HYDRAULICS & HYDROLOGY
Proceedings of the 4th IASME / WSEAS International Conference on
WATER RESOURCES, HYDRAULICS & HYDROLOGY
(WHH'09)
Cambridge, UK
February 24-26, 2009
Editors:
Prof. Leon Trilling, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), USA
Prof. D. Perkins, Harvard University, USA
Prof. Dionysios (Dion) D. Dionysiou, University of Cincinnati, USA
Prof. Leonid Perlovsky, Harvard University, USA
Prof. Kent Davey, IEEE Fellow, Editor IEEE Trans. on Magnetics, Austin, TX, USA
Prof. David Landgrebe, Purdue University, USA
Prof. Miguel A. Marino, Distinguished Professor of Hydrology, Civil & Environmental Engineering, and
Biological & Agricultural Engineering, University of California, CA, USA
Prof. D. L. Russell, Professor of Mathematics, Virginia Tech, USA
Prof. Steven H. Collicott, School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Univ. West Lafayette,USA
Prof. Marco Ceccarelli, (IFToMM President elect 2008-2011), University of Cassino, IT
Prof. John W. Lund, PE, Professor Emeritus of Civil Engineering, Past President of the Intern. Geothermal
Association, Oregon Institute of Technology, USA
International Program Committee Members:
A. C. Benim, GERMANY
Abul-Fazal M. Arif, SAUDI ARABIA
Agis Papadopoulos, GREECE
Ahmed Hassan, EGYPT
Ahmed Mohammadein , EGYPT
Alexander Kuzmin, RUSSIA
Ali J. Chamkha, KUWAIT
Aly Elshamy, EGYPT
Ana Sirviente, USA
Andrei G. Fedorov, USA
Aroudam El hassan, MAROCCO
Asad Salem, UNITED STATES
Aura L. Lopez de Ramos, VENEZUELA
Aydin Misirlioglu, TURKEY
Beghidja Abdelhadi, FRANCE
Bodo Ruck, GERMANY
Boris Ushakov, RUSSIA
Bouhadef Khedidja, ALGERIA
Bouhadef Malek, ALGERIA
Bozidar, CROATIA
C. J. Ho, TAIWAN
C. Trevino, MEXICO
C.W. Leung, HONG KONG
Chang Kyun Choi, KOREA
Chin-Hsiang Cheng, TAIWAN
Chun-I Chen, TAIWAN
Claudia del Carmen Gutierrez-Torres, MEXICO
David Katoshevski, ISRAEL
Domenico Guida, ITALY
Dragoljub Mirjanic, BOSNIA AND
HERZEGOVINA
Falin Chen, TAIWAN
Federico Mendez, MEXICO
Fereydoun Sabetghadam, IRAN
Florin Popescu, ROMANIA
Francoise Daumas-Bataille, FRANCE
Gareth Thomas, USA
Gennaro Cardone, ITALY
Gunter K.F., GERMANY
H.S. Takhar, UK
Hany Mohamed, EGYPT
Henar Herrero, SPAIN
Hossein Shokouhmand, IRAN
Hyung Hee Cho, KOREA
Ivan Kazachkov, SWEDEN
Jean-Christophe Robinet, FRANCE
Jeong-se Suh Gyeongsang, KOREA
Jing Liu, P. R. CHINA
Joakim Wren, SWEDEN
Joseph T. C. Liu, USA
Junjie Gu, CANADA
K. P. Sandeep, USA
Kadir Bilen, TURKEY
Kai H. Luo, UK
Khaled Alhussan, SAUDI ARABIA
Krish Thiagarajan, AUSTRALIA
Luis Cortez, BRAZIL
M. Abu-Zaid, JORDAN
Mahmoud Jamiolahmady, UK
Mario Misale, ITALY
Md Anwar, BANGLADESH
Mehdi Azhdary Moghaddam, IRAN
Mehmet C. Ece, TURKEY
Michiharu Narazaki, JAPAN
Mohd Al-Nimr, JORDAN
Mostafa Mahmoud, EGYPT
Muthukumaran Packirisamy, CANADA
Nabil Moussa, EGYPT
Nicolas Galanis, CANADA
Nikolaos Markatos, GREECE
Oh-hyun Rho, KOREA
Oleg V. Vasilyev, USA
Olga Mazhorova, RUSSIA
Omar Abdel-hafez, EGYPT
P V S N Murthy, INDIA
Pablo S. Casas, SPAIN
Pascal Roubides, UNITED STATES
Pavel Krukovsky, UKRAINE
Pradip Majumdar, USA
Pradipta Panigrahi, GERMANY
Rafael Royo, SPAIN
Ramil Sharafutdinov, RUSSIA
Preface
This year the 4th IASME / WSEAS International Conference on WATER RESOURCES,
HYDRAULICS & HYDROLOGY (WHH '09) was held in the University of Cambridge as in
2008. The Conference remains faithful to its original idea of providing a platform to discuss
theoretical and applicative aspects of water resources management, water quality, water pollution
control, large river engineering and management, computational hydraulics etc. with participants
from all over the world, both from academia and from industry.
Its success is reflected in the papers received, with participants coming from several countries,
allowing a real multinational multicultural exchange of experiences and ideas.
During this last year we witnessed the growth of the European Union interest in water resources,
hydraulics & hydrology. This is an additional proof that they are seen not only as an exciting
research area but also as technologies that may solve current European citizens’ concerns with
several practical problems.
For a discipline which is central to research and also to industry, and which generates interests
not only among academicians but also among large companies and government departments and
agencies, it is important to look at the market and at its movements.
A Conference such as this can only succeed as a team effort, so the Editors want to thank the
International Scientific Committee and the Reviewers for their excellent work in reviewing the
papers as well as their invaluable input and advice.
The Editors
Proceedings of the 4th IASME / WSEAS Int. Conference on WATER RESOURCES, HYDRAULICS & HYDROLOGY (WHH'09)
Table of Contents
Plenary Lecture: Using Exergy to Enhance Ecological and Environmental Understanding and
Stewardship
10
Marc A. Rosen
11
Efficiency of the Water Jets on Fire Interventions
Dan Victor Cavaropol, Mircea Grigoriu, Valeriu Panaitescu, Doina Cornelia Dinu, Mariana Panaitescu
15
A Cellular-Based Genetic Algorithm for Groundwater Allocation
E. Sidiropoulos, D. Fotakis
Photocatalytic Degradation of Wastewater Polluted by Methyl-Tertiary-Butylether using
Titanium-Dioxide and Doped Titanium-Dioxide
19
Natasa D. Kuburovic, Aleksandar Golubovic, Zaklina Todorovic, Slavica Gasic, Tatjana Solevic
25
Failure Mechanism in Geobag Structure
Aysha Akter, Grant Wright, Martin Crapper, Gareth Pender
Comparison between Various Reference Evapotranspiration Equations for Semiarid Conditions
31
Ramon Lopez-Urrea, Francisco Martin de Santa Olalla, Concepcion Fabeiro, Agueda Moratalla
39
Fall Velocity of Sediment Particles
S. M. Sadat-Helbar, E. Amiri-Tokaldany, Steve Darby, A. Shafaie
46
Length and Orientation of Minor Spur in the Sand Bed
A. Shafaie, A. Ardeshir, S. M. Sadat-Helbar
53
Soil Properties Affecting Runoff in Calcareous Soils, Northwestern Iran
A. R. Vaezi
Analysis of Infiltration and Water Redistribution in a Water Repellent Soil Monolith
59
Mohammad Hossein Mohammadi, Marnik Vanclooster
Comparing the Model-Estimated Final Infiltration Rate with the Measured Saturated Hydraulic
Conductivity in Laboratory
67
Fereshte Haghighi, Manoochehr Gorji, Mehdi Shorafa
71
Asymptotic Matching with a Case Study from Hydraulic Engineering
Jaber Almedeij
77
Modeling the Layouts of Stormwater Retention Ponds using Residence Time
Sher Khan, Bruce W. Melville, Asaad Y. Shamseldin
Changes in River Hydrology and Coastal Sedimentation by Dams in Periyar River Basin Kerala,
India
84
G. S. Dwarakish, K. U. Abdu Rahiman, Usha Natesan
Equipment for Pollution Treatment of Impervious Surface Runoff Using Up-Flow Limestone and
Geotextil Filtration Media
90
Daniel Castro-Fresno, Jorge Rodriguez-Hernandez, Andres H. Fernandez-Barrera, Miguel A. Calzada-Perez
Enhancing Ecological and Environmental Understanding with Exergy: Concepts and Methods
Marc A. Rosen
ISSN: 1790-2769
7
ISBN: 978-960-474-057-4
94
Proceedings of the 4th IASME / WSEAS Int. Conference on WATER RESOURCES, HYDRAULICS & HYDROLOGY (WHH'09)
104
Simulation of Collecting Pipe and Its Drainage Rate at A. Landfill, Japan
Dang Thuong Huyen, Kenji Jinno, Atsushi Tsutsumi
Assessment and Reduction of Hydro-Meteorological Model Forecasting Uncertainty using an
Autoregressive Error Model and Bivariate Meta-Gaussian Density
110
Renaud Hostache, Patrick Matgen, Mara Montanari, Christine Fosty, Laurent Pfister
Application of Truncated Plurigaussian Method for the Reactive Transport Modeling of a
Contaminated Aquifer
119
Claudia Cherubini, Concetta I. Giasi, Fausta Musci, Nicola Pastore
125
Flow Metering By End-Depth Method in Inverted Semicircular Channels
Seyed Vahid Nabavi, Mohammad Karim Beirami, Mark Sterling
131
Turbulent Kinetic Energy reduction in Depressed Flexible Apron of Barrages
Kapileswar Mishra, Dhrubajyoti Sen
Rural Micro-Watershed Management Through Spatial Decision Support System - A Case Study
136
J. P. Shukla, Raghuvanshi Ram, R. N. Yadava
Depth-Damage Curve for Flood Damage Assessments Industrial and Commercial Sectors
141
Ling-Fang Chang, Jui-Lin Kang, Ming-Daw Su
River Management: Use of Macrophyte Community Structure in UK Rivers as an Example for
Ecological Assessment for Hydromorphological Impacts
147
Rita S. W. Yam, Matthew O'Hare, Michael J Dunbar, Annette Baattrup-Pedersen, Soren E. Larsen
Flow and Sedimentation around Row of Circular Cylinder with Various Distances
152
S. T. O. Naeeni, Kambiz F. Moghadam, Soheil Rezapour
Improving Water Supply Reliability through Portfolio Management: Case Study from Southern
California
157
Renee Kidson, Brent Haddad, Hui Zheng
The Study of Drought Phenomena in the Transylvania Plain using the Analysis of the NonPeriodical Variations of Precipitations
163
Victor Sorocovschi, Mihai Voda
Time Evolution of Scour and Deduction of the Required Minimum Test Duration for a ClearWater Scour Test at a Bridge Pier
168
Patrick Alabi
175
Heavy Metal Uptake Kinetics of Microalgae in Aquatic Media
Zehra Gok, Esra Yel
Effects of pH and Dissolved Organic Matter on the Formation of Disinfection By-Products by
Chlorination and Chloramination
180
Sezen Kucukcongar, Mehmet Faik Sevimli, Esra Yel
Estimation of Monthly Evaporation for Kovilar Reservoir using Genetic Programming and
Thornthwaite Method
186
K. S. Kasiviswanathan, S. Saravanan, Avinash Agarwal, S. Sathyamurthi
ISSN: 1790-2769
8
ISBN: 978-960-474-057-4
Proceedings of the 4th IASME / WSEAS Int. Conference on WATER RESOURCES, HYDRAULICS & HYDROLOGY (WHH'09)
Effects of Rainwater Harvesting and Desalination on Supply and Demand of Public Water in
U.S. Virgin Islands
191
Hossana Solomon
Numerical Modeling of Extended Mild Slope Equation with Mac Cormack Method
195
Asu Inan, Lale Balas
Nested SIS Algorithm for a Stochastic Geolithologic Characterization of Heterogeneous Aquifer
201
Claudia Cherubini, Concetta I. Giasi, Fausta Musci, Nicola Pastore
207
Drip Irrigation with Saline Water in North China Plain
Kang Yaohu, Wan Shuqin, Chen Ming
GPS Oriented System for Evaluation of Energetic Potential of Hydroelectric Dam Lakes
218
Sorin Dan Grigorescu, Costin Cepisca, Octavian Mihai Ghita, Mircea Covrig, Elena Grigorescu
ISSN: 1790-2769
9
ISBN: 978-960-474-057-4
Proceedings of the 4th IASME / WSEAS Int. Conference on WATER RESOURCES, HYDRAULICS & HYDROLOGY (WHH'09)
Plenary Lecture
Using Exergy to Enhance Ecological and Environmental Understanding and Stewardship
Professor Marc A. Rosen
Founding Dean
Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science
University of Ontario Institute of Technology
Oshawa, Ontario, CANADA
also: President-Elect, Engineering Institute of Canada
Email: M.Rosen@uoit.ca
Abstract: In efforts to understand ecological systems and environmental impact, techniques can be used which
combine thermodynamics with environmental and ecological disciplines. Most such assessments consider
thermodynamics in terms of energy, but it is believed by many that ecological and environmental factors are better
understood using the thermodynamic quantity exergy. One rationale for this statement is that exergy, but not energy,
is often a measure of the potential for ecological and environmental impact.
Here, a summary is presented of existing analysis techniques which integrate exergy and ecological and
environmental factors, including exergy-based ecological indicators, exergy-based life cycle analysis and
environomics. The goals of most such analysis techniques include improving our understanding of the impact on
ecological systems and the environment of processes and the determination of appropriate ecological and
environmental improvement measures. Several examples are considered, including the application of exergy to
water-based ecosystems for understanding, predicting and improving their health. Thermodynamic, ecological and
environmental data are examined, and show that correlations exist between exergy and environmental and ecological
parameters. The existence of such correlations likely implies that exergy factors into environmental improvement
and ecological stewardship.
Brief Biography of the Speaker: Dr. Marc A. Rosen is a Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the University of
Ontario Institute of Technology in Oshawa, Canada, where he served as founding Dean of the Faculty of
Engineering and Applied Science from 2002 to 2008. Dr. Rosen became President of the Engineering Institute of
Canada in 2008. He was President of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering from 2002 to 2004, and is a
registered Professional Engineer in Ontario.
With over 60 research grants and contracts and 500 technical publications, Dr. Rosen is an active teacher and
researcher in thermodynamics, energy technology (including cogeneration, district energy, thermal storage and
renewable energy), and the environmental impact of energy and industrial systems. Much of his research has been
carried out for industry.
Dr. Rosen has worked for such organizations as Imatra Power Company in Finland, Argonne National Laboratory
near Chicago, and the Institute for Hydrogen Systems near Toronto. He was also a professor in the Department of
Mechanical, Aerospace and Industrial Engineering at Ryerson University in Toronto, Canada for 16 years. While
there, Dr. Rosen served as department Chair and Director of the School of Aerospace Engineering.
Dr. Rosen has received numerous awards and honours, including an Award of Excellence in Research and
Technology Development from the Ontario Ministry of Environment and Energy, the Engineering Institute of
Canada’s Smith Medal for achievement in the development of Canada, and the Canadian Society for Mechanical
Engineering’s Angus Medal for outstanding contributions to the management and practice of mechanical
engineering. He is a Fellow of the Engineering Institute of Canada, the Canadian Academy of Engineering, the
Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and the International
Energy Foundation.
ISSN: 1790-2769
10
ISBN: 978-960-474-057-4
Proceedings of the 4th IASME / WSEAS Int. Conference on WATER RESOURCES, HYDRAULICS & HYDROLOGY (WHH'09)
Authors Index
Abdu Rahiman, K. U.
Agarwal, A.
Akter, A.
Alabi, P.
Almedeij, J.
Amiri-Tokaldany, E.
Ardeshir, A.
Baattrup-Pedersen, A.
Balas, L.
Beirami, M. K.
Calzada-Perez, M. A.
Castro-Fresno, D.
Cavaropol, D. V.
Cepisca, C.
Chang, L. F.
Cherubini, C.
Covrig, M.
Crapper, M.
Darby, S.
Dinu, D. C.
Dunbar, M. J.
Dwarakish, G S.
Fabeiro, C.
Fernandez-Barrera, A. H.
Fosty, C.
Fotakis, D.
Gasic, S.
Ghita, O. M.
Giasi, C. I.
Gok, Z.
Golubovic, A.
Gorji, M.
Grigorescu, E.
ISSN: 1790-2769
110
19
25
157
94
59
11
19
119
152
141
46
46
39
119
31
147
136
207
59
141
84
31
15
31
39
201
157
39
218
15
119
67
Grigorescu, S. D.
Grigoriu, M.
Haddad, B.
Haghighi, F.
Hostache, R.
Huyen, D. H.
Inan, A.
Jinno, K.
Kang, J. L.
Kasiviswanathan, K. S.
Khan, S.
Kidson, R.
Kuburovic, N. D.
Kucukcongar, S.
Larsen, S.
Lopez-Urrea, R.
Matgen, P.
Melville, B. W.
Ming, C.
Mishra, K.
Moghadam, K. F.
Mohammadi, M. H.
Montanari, M.
Moratalla, A.
Musci, F.
Nabavi, S. V.
Naeeni, S. T.
Natesan, U.
O'Hare, M.
Olalla, F. M.
Panaitescu, M.
Panaitescu, V.
Pastore, N.
223
201
147
25
77
175
46
19
110
104
104
195
180
152
195
201
175
163
25
25
110
110
147
125
11
77
191
186
207
136
84
125
218
152, 157
Pender, G.
Pfister, L.
Ram, R.
Rezapour, S.
Rodriguez-Hernandez, J.
Rosen, M. A.
Sadat-Helbar, S. M.
Saravanan, S.
Sathyamurthi, S.
Sen, D.
Sevimli, M. F.
Shafaie, A.
Shamseldin, A. Y.
Shorafa, M.
Shukla, J. P.
Shuqin, W.
Sidiropoulos, E.
Solevic, T.
Solomon, H.
Sorocovschi, V.
Sterling, M.
Su, M. D.
Todorovic, Z.
Tsutsumi, A.
Vaezi, A. R.
Vanclooster, M.
Voda, M.
Wright, G.
Yadava, R. N.
Yam, R. S.
Yaohu, K.
Yel, E.
Zheng, H.
84
119
168
201
104
125
180, 186
186
186
53
141
11
19
136
90
218
67
207
90
218
131
147
218
19
11
131
147
90
163
180
110
67, 71
90
ISBN: 978-960-474-057-4