Buyer’s Guide Companion for Top Running Bridge & Gantry Multiple Girder Cranes
and Top Running & Under Running Single Girder Electric Traveling Cranes
Prepared by
The Crane Manufacturers Association of America, Inc
70
&
74
Released August 2014
CMAA is an affiliate of the Material Handling Industry
of America division of Material Handing Industry.
Buyer’s Guide Companion
This Guide, which was developed by the Crane Manufacturers Association of
America, Inc. (“CMAA”), an affiliated trade association of the Material
Handling Industry (“MHI”), provides guidance about the proper selection of
crane and hoist systems and covers various issues about such a system’s
terminology, usage, and more. It was developed with the sole intent of
offering information to parties engaged in selecting and purchasing such a
crane or hoist system.
This Guide is advisory only and should only be
regarded as a simple tool that a potential user or buyer may or may not
choose to follow, adopt, modify, or reject. The following information does not
constitute a comprehensive safety program, cannot guard against pitfalls in
operating, selecting and purchasing such a system, and should not be relied
upon as such. Such a program should be developed, and an independent
adviser should be consulted to do so.
VOLUNTARY. The acceptance or use of this Guide is completely voluntary.
Its existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether it has
approved the Guide or not, from following procedures and assuming
responsibilities not conforming to this Guide.
DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY. CMAA, MHI, and their members assume no
responsibility and disclaim all liability of any kind, however arising, as a result
of acceptance or use or alleged use of this Guide. The User specifically
understands and agrees that CMAA, MHI, their members, their officers,
agents, and employees shall not be liable under any legal theory of any kind
for any action or failure to act with respect to the proper selection of a material
handling system as well as matters such as the service for which it will be
used, the frequency of its use, matching its speed with manufacturing needs,
budget or any other activity covered by This Guide. Any use of this
information must be determined by the User to be in accordance with
applicable federal, state, and local laws and regulations.
DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY. CMAA, MHI, and their members make NO
WARRANTIES of any kind, express, implied, or statutory, in connection
with the information in this Guide and SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ALL
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND OF FITNESS FOR
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
INDEMNIFICATION. By referring to or otherwise employing this Guide, the
User agrees to defend, protect, indemnify, and hold CMAA, MHI, their
members, their officers, agents, and employees harmless from and against all
claims, losses, expenses, damages, and liabilities, direct, incidental, or
consequential, arising from acceptance or use or alleged use of this Guide,
including loss of profits and reasonable attorneys' fees which may arise out of
the acceptance or use or alleged use of this Guide. The intent of this provision
and of the User is to absolve and protect CMAA, MHI, their members, their
officers, agents, and employees from any and all loss relating in any way to
this Guide, including those resulting from the User's own negligence.
8720 Red Oak Blvd., Suite 201 – Charlotte, NC 28217 – 704-676-1190 – Fax 704-676-1199 – www.mhia.org/cmaa
Buyer’s Guide Companion – Multiple Girder Cranes
Is the crane
per CMAA specifications?
This1.Guide,
whichdesigned
was developed
by the Crane Manufacturers Association of
a.
This
Specification
has
been
developed
Crane Manufacturers
Association
America, Inc. (“CMAA”), an affiliated
tradeby the
association
of the Material
of
America,
Inc.
(CMAA),
an
organization
of
leading
electric
overhead
traveling
Handling Industry (“MHI”), provides guidance about the proper selection
of
crane
manufacturers
in the United
States,
for theabout
purpose
of promoting
crane and hoist
systems
and covers
various
issues
such
a system’s
standardization
and providing
a basis
for equipment
to
terminology, usage,
and more.
It was
developed
withselection.
the soleIn addition
intent of
offering information
to parties
engagedcontains
in selecting
andwhich
purchasing
Specifications,
the publication
information
should besuch
helpfulato
crane or hoist
This
Guide
is advisory
and should
only be
thesystem.
purchasers and
users
of cranes
and to theonly
engineering
and architectural
regarded as professions.
a simple tool that a potential user or buyer may or may not
choose
to design
follow,stresses
adopt,in modify,
or with
reject.
The
following information does not
2. Are
accordance
CMAA
Specifications?
constitute a.a comprehensive
safety
program,
cannot
guard members
against of
pitfalls
in
CMAA provides guidelines for stresses in the structural
the crane.
operating, selecting
and
purchasing
such
a
system,
and
should
not
be
relied
These guidelines include factors to enable the crane to properly operate for the
upon as such.
Such a for
program
should
be developed,
andload
ancases.
independent
application
which it was
designed,
including normal
adviser
should
be(Design,
consulted
to do so.
3. Are
Welding
Fabrication,
Testing and Welder) Qualifications in accordance with
AWS D14.1?
VOLUNTARY.
The
acceptance
orSociety)
use ofD14.1
this provides
Guide isspecific
completely
voluntary.
a. AWS
(American
Welding
guidelines
for welding
Its existence materials
does not
in
any
respect
preclude
anyone,
whether
it has
on cranes or other material handling equipment. This specification
approved theincludes
Guideconsiderations
or not, from
following
procedures
and
assuming
for joint configurations, fatigue and workmanship of the
responsibilities
not
conforming
to
this
Guide.
welds so that they are performed
properly.
4. Are static/dynamic
load factorsCMAA,
and loadMHI,
combinations
consistent
with CMAA
DISCLAIMER
OF LIABILITY.
and their
members
assume no
requirements?
responsibility and disclaim all liability of any kind, however arising, as a result
a. Consider
static
dynamic
load
so that the
crane
is designed
with the
of acceptance
or use
or and
alleged
use
offactors
this Guide.
The
User
specifically
design factor.
understands correct
and agrees
that CMAA, MHI, their members, their officers,
5. Are
calculated
stresses
within
agents,
and
employees
shall
notlimitations/guidelines?
be liable under any legal theory of any kind
for any action
or failurea to
actwhere
with respect
the proper
selection
of of
a material
a. Designing
crane
allowableto
stresses
are within
the limits
CMAA
handling system
as well can
as increase
mattersthe
such
as life
theofservice
which
will of
be
specifications
service
the cranefor
based
on itsitclass
used, the frequency
service. of its use, matching its speed with manufacturing needs,
budget
or the
anyallowable
other stress
activity
covered
Guide.
use (fatigue)?
of this
6. Have
ranges
based onby
classThis
of service
beenAny
considered
informationa. must
be
determined
by
the
User
to
be
in
accordance
withalso
Static stresses are often encountered in the design of cranes. Fatigue must
applicable federal,
state, and
local
regulations.
be considered
during
the laws
designand
to reduce
premature failure of cyclically loaded
components.
DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY. CMAA, MHI, and their members make NO
7. Girder design
Proportional
requirements,
Factorsorofstatutory,
Safety on buckling
consistent with
WARRANTIES
of –any
kind, express,
implied,
in connection
CMAA?
with the
information in this Guide and SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ALL
a. Compression, as
wellMERCHANTABILITY
as tension, must be considered
crane
girder design.
IMPLIED WARRANTIES
OF
AND in
OF
FITNESS
FOR
Using
the
guidelines
and
limits
established
by
CMAA
will
enable
the crane to be
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
designed to reduce the likelihood of buckling failures.
INDEMNIFICATION.
By CMAA
referring
to or otherwise
8. Girder deflection per
specifications
(1/888) employing this Guide, the
User agrees
to
defend,
protect,
indemnify,
MHI,
a. CMAA recommends minimum deflectionand
of thehold
bridgeCMAA,
beam(s) to
avoidtheir
load
members, their officers, agents, and employees harmless from and against all
handling problems due to trolley drift and cab operator discomfort.
claims, losses, expenses, damages, and liabilities, direct, incidental, or
9. Are foot walks designed for 50psf live load?
consequential, arising from acceptance or use or alleged use of this Guide,
a. Foot
walks should
be designed with
proper loads
per square
so
including loss
of profits
and reasonable
attorneys'
fees (pounds
which may
arise foot)
out of
that
properly
used.
Under-designed
walks
can result in
the acceptance
orthey
usefunction
or alleged
usewhen
of this
Guide.
The intentfoot
of this
provision
excessive
deflection
causing
uneasiness
or
distress
when
used
by
personnel.
and of the User is to absolve and protect CMAA, MHI, their members, their
10. Areagents,
structural
bolted
joints designed
accordance
requirements?
officers,
and
employees
frominany
and allwith
lossCMAA
relating
in any way to
this Guide, including those resulting from the User's own negligence.
8720 Red Oak Blvd., Suite 201 – Charlotte, NC 28217 – 704-676-1190 – Fax 704-676-1199 – www.mhia.org/cmaa
8720 Red Oak Blvd., Suite 201 – Charlotte, NC 28217 – 704-676-1190 – Fax 704-676-1199 – www.mhia.org/cmaa
a. CMAA requires compliance with ASTM-A325 or ASTM-A490 for all structural
connections which is consistent with American Institute of Steel Construction
(AISC) requirements.
11. Hook design factor min 5:1 based on ultimate strength
This Guide,
was be
developed
bythe
theultimate
Cranestrength
Manufacturers
Association
a. which
Hooks must
sized so that
is five times
greater (5:1 of
America, Inc.
(“CMAA”),
antheaffiliated
theincrease
Material
Design
Factor) than
rated load trade
capacity.association
Lower factorsofcould
the
Handling Industry
(“MHI”),
provides
guidance
about
the
proper
selection
of
likelihood of premature failure.
crane
and
hoist
systems
and
covers
various
issues
about
such
a
system’s
12. Is the Wire Rope Design Factor a minimum 5:1?
terminology,
usage,
It that
wasany
developed
the
sole
intent
a. Wire
ropesand
mustmore.
be sized so
combinationwith
of the
rope
diameter
andof
offering information to parties engaged in selecting and purchasing such a
construction has a breaking strength at least five times greater (5:1 design
crane or hoist system.
This Guide is advisory only and should only be
factor) than the rated load capacity plus the weight of the load block for
regarded as a simple tool that a potential user or buyer may or may not
standard
cranes.
Cranesor
that
lift molten
have wiredoes
ropesnot
with
choose to follow,
adopt,
modify,
reject.
The materials
followingshould
information
a
breaking
strength
of
eight
times
greater
(8:1
Design
Factor).
Lower
factors
constitute a comprehensive safety program, cannot guard against pitfalls in
may reduce
expected lifespan
rope due
to fatigue
stress
operating, selecting
andthepurchasing
suchofa the
system,
and
shouldand
notother
be relied
factors.
upon as such.
Such a program should be developed, and an independent
13.
Type
of
wire
and size to do so.
adviser should berope
consulted
a. Wire rope is available in different grades of steel including stainless. It is
important
to select the proper
the application
and environment
VOLUNTARY.
The acceptance
or usematerial
of thisfor
Guide
is completely
voluntary.
where
the
wire
rope
will
be
used.
Its existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether it has
14. Hoist rope
angleor
pernot,
CMAAfrom
specifications?
approved
the fleet
Guide
following procedures and assuming
a. Fleet
is the angle
the Guide.
rope as it approaches the grooves of a drum or
responsibilities
notangle
conforming
toofthis
sheave. Excessive fleet angles may accelerate wear on the rope, sheaves and
DISCLAIMER
OFand
LIABILITY.
CMAA,
andontheir
members
drum
could increase
localizedMHI,
stresses
the rope
itself. assume no
responsibility
and
disclaim
all
liability
of
any
kind,
however
arising,
as asheaves
result
15. Hoist meeting or exceeding the guide for minimum pitch diameter of running
of acceptance
or
use
or
alleged
use
of
this
Guide.
The
User
specifically
a. CMAA has recommended minimum “diameter ratios” based on the construction
understands ofand
agrees
thatdetermines
CMAA, MHI,
their pitch
members,
officers,
the wire
rope that
the allowable
diametertheir
for sheaves
and
agents, and employees
shall
not
be
liable
under
any
legal
theory
of
any
kind
drums for a given wire rope size. These minimum ratios have been shown to
for any action or failure to act with respect to the proper selection of a material
increase wire rope service life based on the crane service class and may result in
handling system as well as matters such as the service for which it will be
fewer wire rope replacements.
used, the frequency
of its use, matching its speed with manufacturing needs,
16.
Pitch
diameter
of equalizer
sheaves
per CMAA
budget or any other
activity
covered
by specifications
This Guide. Any use of this
a.
See
15.a
above
information must be determined by the User to be in accordance with
17. Hoist federal,
drum meet
minimum
perregulations.
CMAA specifications
applicable
state,
and pitch
localdiameter
laws and
a. See 15.a above
18. Gearing designed
to AGMA 2001-C95
and service
consistent
with class
of service
DISCLAIMER
OF WARRANTY.
CMAA,
MHI, factor
and their
members
make
NO
WARRANTIES
any kind,
express, implied,
or statutory,
in connection
a. The of
American
Gear Manufacturers
Association
(AGMA) standards
provide
with the information
in this
Guidelife,
and
SPECIFICALLY
DISCLAIM
ALL
criteria regarding
the fatigue
durability,
and other factors
influencing
gear
IMPLIED WARRANTIES
OF MERCHANTABILITY
ANDmay
OFhave
FITNESS
FOR
survival. Gears designed
for a higher life expectancy
a reduced
PARTICULAR
PURPOSE.
frequency
of gear failure.
19.
Bearings
consistent
with
duty cycletoselected
INDEMNIFICATION. By
referring
or otherwise employing this Guide, the
a. CMAA
has recommendations
for bearing life
are based
on the
class their
of
User agrees
to defend,
protect, indemnify,
andthat
hold
CMAA,
MHI,
service
(duty cycle)
of the
crane.
As the class
of service
increases
from Class
members, their
officers,
agents,
and
employees
harmless
from
and against
all”A”
to Class
“F,” the bearing
life increases
claims, losses,
expenses,
damages,
and accordingly.
liabilities, direct, incidental, or
20. Brake mechanical
thermal
ratings consistent
CMAA requirements
class of
consequential,
arisingand
from
acceptance
or usewith
or alleged
use of thisand
Guide,
including
loss of profits and reasonable attorneys' fees which may arise out of
service.
the acceptance
or use
alleged
thisofGuide.
The
intent
of this provision
a. As the
class or
of service
oruse
dutyof
cycle
the crane
or hoist
increases,
the brake
and of the User
is
to
absolve
and
protect
CMAA,
MHI,
their
members,
their
ratings must increase to provide a design factor consistent with crane service
officers, agents,
and
employees
from
any
and
all
loss
relating
in
any
way
to
classification.
this21.
Guide,
including
those
resulting
from
the
User's
own
negligence.
Shafting design per CMAA specifications
Buyer’s Guide Companion
8720
8720Red
RedOak
OakBlvd.,
Blvd.,Suite
Suite201
201––Charlotte,
Charlotte,NC
NC28217
28217––704-676-1190
704-676-1190––Fax
Fax704-676-1199
704-676-1199––www.mhia.org/cmaa
www.mhia.org/cmaa
a. By following CMAA specifications, proper shaft design may reduce premature
shaft failure due to fatigue or other factors. An improperly designed shaft may
be a hazard in that the shaft could fail and could eliminate the brake from the
system.
This
which
was
developed
by the Crane Manufacturers Association of
22.Guide,
Allowable
wheel
loads
per CMAA specifications
America, a.Inc.
(“CMAA”),
anallowable
affiliated
trade wheel
association
thewheel
Material
CMAA
recommends
maximum
loads for aof
given
Handling Industry
(“MHI”),
provides
guidance
about
the
proper
selection
diameter, rail size and hardness of the wheel. If wheels are overloaded, theof
crane and hoist
covers due
various
issues wheel
aboutwear.
such a system’s
wheelsystems
life could and
be shortened
to premature
terminology,
usage,
and
more.
It
was
developed
with
the
sole intent of
23. Bumpers sized per CMAA specifications
offering information to parties engaged in selecting and purchasing such a
a. Bumpers are designed to absorb impact loading. Properly sized bumpers per
crane or hoist system.
This Guide is advisory only and should only be
CMAA specifications can reduce damage to both the crane runway system and
regarded as a simple tool that a potential user or buyer may or may not
crane adopt,
in the event
of accidental
collisions
with runway
end stops ordoes
other not
choose to follow,
modify,
or reject.
The following
information
cranes.
This
also
applies
to
bumpers
for
trolleys.
constitute a comprehensive safety program, cannot guard against pitfalls in
24. Panel selecting
and interconnect
wiring per NEC
610 a system, and should not be relied
operating,
and purchasing
such
CMAA
specifications
recognize
Article
of The National
Electric
Code (NEC),
upon as a.
such.
Such
a program
should
be 610
developed,
and an
independent
which
regulates
electrical
design
including
things
such
as
minimum
conductor
adviser should be consulted to do so.
(wire) sizing, fusing guidelines, grounding, short circuit devices, overload
devices,
The NEC recognizes
hazards
to persons
and propertyvoluntary.
arising from
VOLUNTARY.
Theetc.
acceptance
or use of
this Guide
is completely
the
use
of
electricity.
Its existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether it has
25. Motors
designed
per or
NEMA
MG-1
or IEC.
approved
the
Guide
not,
from
following procedures and assuming
a. Motors
that are certified
under
NEMA MG-1 or IEC motors comply with rules
responsibilities
not conforming
to this
Guide.
regarding service conditions, standard dimensions and tolerances, duty rating
DISCLAIMER
LIABILITY.
CMAA,
MHI, and
memberswill
assume
andOF
more.
The use of motors
constructed
to their
these standards
improve no
their
responsibilityreliable
and disclaim
all
liability
of
any
kind,
however
arising,
as
a
result
operation and service life.
of 26.
acceptance
or use for
or use
alleged
use
of this Guide. The User specifically
Motors appropriate
with VFD
(if applicable)
understands
and
agrees
that
CMAA,
MHI,frequency
their members,
officers,
a. Motors designed for use with variable
drives (VFD)their
are typically
agents, and employees
shall
not
be
liable
under
any
legal
theory
of
any
kind
referred to as Inverter Duty Motors. These motors have minimum requirements
for any action or failure to act with respect to the proper selection of a material
for insulation design that reduce the likelihood of premature failure due to heat
handling system as well as matters such as the service for which it will be
or other factors.
used, the frequency
of its use, matching its speed with manufacturing needs,
27.
Motor
HP
calculated
per CMAA
class Guide.
of service Any use of this
budget or anyrequirements
other activity
covered
by forThis
a.
CMAA
provides
horsepower
calculations
to
correctly
the motor per the
duty
information must be determined by the User to be size
in accordance
with
classification
the crane,
whichand
can result
in longer service life.
applicable federal,
state,ofand
local laws
regulations.
28. Controls sized for class of service
a. Controls
(i.e. contactors, inverters,
etc.) should
be sized
to the appropriate
DISCLAIMER
OF WARRANTY.
CMAA, MHI,
and their
members
make NO
WARRANTIES
of any
kind,
express,
implied, or
statutory,in in
connection
service
class and
application
requirements.
Components
controls
that are not
with the information
incould
thisresult
Guide
and SPECIFICALLY
DISCLAIM ALL
sized properly
in premature
failure.
IMPLIED
OF MERCHANTABILITY
29. ShortWARRANTIES
circuit devices & overload
devices per NEC 610 AND OF FITNESS FOR
PARTICULAR
PURPOSE.
a. See 24.a above
th
30.
4
Runway
Electrification
Ground Bar:
INDEMNIFICATION.
By referring
to or otherwise employing this Guide, the
a. The
Electric
Code was
updated inand
2005hold
to require
a separate
User agrees
toNational
defend,
protect,
indemnify,
CMAA,
MHI,bonding
their
(ground)
conductor
for and
all new
cranes.
members, their
officers,
agents,
employees
harmless from and against all
31. Raillosses,
Sweeps expenses, damages, and liabilities, direct, incidental, or
claims,
consequential,
acceptance
orthe
use
or alleged
useentrapment
of this Guide,
a. Railarising
sweeps from
are designed
to reduce
likelihood
of debris
hazards
including lossunder
of profits
andwheels.
reasonable
attorneys'
which
may
arise
out ofto
the travel
They are
necessaryfees
to comply
with
OSHA
standards
the acceptance
or use
or alleged
use of this
Guide.
thisanprovision
reduce
the likelihood
of damage
to the
wheel The
were intent
it to runofover
object.
Buyer’s Guide Companion
and of the User is to absolve and protect CMAA, MHI, their members, their
officers, agents, and employees from any and all loss relating in any way to
this Guide, including those resulting from the User's own negligence.
8720
8720Red
RedOak
OakBlvd.,
Blvd.,Suite
Suite201
201––Charlotte,
Charlotte,NC
NC28217
28217––704-676-1190
704-676-1190––Fax
Fax704-676-1199
704-676-1199––www.mhia.org/cmaa
www.mhia.org/cmaa
Note: As explained in Specification #70 & #74, CMAA Engineering Committee Specification
Interpretations and Responses are advisory and are intended to offer information only. CMAA makes no
warranties in connection with its Interpretation and Specification Responses and specifically disclaims all
implied warranties of merchantability or of fitness for a particular purpose. By using the Interpretation or
Response
information,
the user’s
intent and
absolve CMAA, itsAssociation
successors and of
This Guide,
whichit iswas
developed
byunderstanding
the Crane toManufacturers
assigns,
officers
and
employees
from
any
and
all
liability
in
tort,
contract
or
other
liability.
America, Inc. (“CMAA”), an affiliated trade association of the Material
Buyer’s Guide Companion
Handling Industry (“MHI”), provides guidance about the proper selection of
crane and hoist systems and covers various issues about such a system’s
terminology, usage, and more. It was developed with the sole intent of
offering information to parties engaged in selecting and purchasing such a
crane or hoist system.
This Guide is advisory only and should only be
regarded as a simple tool that a potential user or buyer may or may not
choose to follow, adopt, modify, or reject. The following information does not
constitute a comprehensive safety program, cannot guard against pitfalls in
operating, selecting and purchasing such a system, and should not be relied
upon as such. Such a program should be developed, and an independent
adviser should be consulted to do so.
VOLUNTARY. The acceptance or use of this Guide is completely voluntary.
Its existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether it has
approved the Guide or not, from following procedures and assuming
responsibilities not conforming to this Guide.
DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY. CMAA, MHI, and their members assume no
responsibility and disclaim all liability of any kind, however arising, as a result
of acceptance or use or alleged use of this Guide. The User specifically
understands and agrees that CMAA, MHI, their members, their officers,
agents, and employees shall not be liable under any legal theory of any kind
for any action or failure to act with respect to the proper selection of a material
handling system as well as matters such as the service for which it will be
used, the frequency of its use, matching its speed with manufacturing needs,
budget or any other activity covered by This Guide. Any use of this
information must be determined by the User to be in accordance with
applicable federal, state, and local laws and regulations.
DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY. CMAA, MHI, and their members make NO
WARRANTIES of any kind, express, implied, or statutory, in connection
with the information in this Guide and SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ALL
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND OF FITNESS FOR
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
INDEMNIFICATION. By referring to or otherwise employing this Guide, the
User agrees to defend, protect, indemnify, and hold CMAA, MHI, their
members, their officers, agents, and employees harmless from and against all
claims, losses, expenses, damages, and liabilities, direct, incidental, or
consequential, arising from acceptance or use or alleged use of this Guide,
including loss of profits and reasonable attorneys' fees which may arise out of
the acceptance or use or alleged use of this Guide. The intent of this provision
and of the User is to absolve and protect CMAA, MHI, their members, their
officers, agents, and employees from any and all loss relating in any way to
this Guide, including those resulting from the User's own negligence.
8720
8720Red
RedOak
OakBlvd.,
Blvd.,Suite
Suite201
201––Charlotte,
Charlotte,NC
NC28217
28217––704-676-1190
704-676-1190––Fax
Fax704-676-1199
704-676-1199––www.mhia.org/cmaa
www.mhia.org/cmaa
Buyer’s Guide Companion – Single Girder Cranes
Is the crane
per CMAA specifications?
This1.Guide,
whichdesigned
was developed
by the Crane Manufacturers Association of
a.
This
Specification
has
been
developed
the Crane Manufacturers
Association
America, Inc. (“CMAA”), an affiliated
tradeby association
of the Material
of
America,
Inc.
(CMAA),
an
organization
of
leading
electric
overhead
traveling
Handling Industry (“MHI”), provides guidance about the proper selection
of
crane
manufacturers
in
the
United
States,
for
the
purpose
of
promoting
crane and hoist systems and covers various issues about such a system’s
standardization
and providing
a basis
for equipment
to
terminology, usage,
and more.
It was
developed
withselection.
the soleIn addition
intent of
Specifications,
the publication
information
should besuch
helpfula to
offering information
to parties
engagedcontains
in selecting
andwhich
purchasing
crane or hoistthesystem.
Thisusers
Guide
is advisory
and should
only be
purchasers and
of cranes
and to theonly
engineering
and architectural
regarded as a
simple tool that a potential user or buyer may or may not
professions.
choose
to design
follow,stresses
adopt,inmodify,
or with
reject.
TheSpecifications?
following information does not
2. Are
accordance
CMAA
constitute a.
a comprehensive
safety
program,
cannot
guard members
against of
pitfalls
in
CMAA provides guidelines for stresses in the structural
the crane.
operating, selecting
and
purchasing
such
a
system,
and
should
not
be
relied
These guidelines include factors to enable the crane to properly operate for the
upon as such.
Such a for
program
should
be developed,
andload
an cases.
independent
application
which it was
designed,
including normal
adviser
should
be(Design,
consulted
to do so.
3. Are
Welding
Fabrication,
Testing and Welder) Qualifications in accordance with
AWS D14.1?
VOLUNTARY.
The
acceptance
orSociety)
use ofD14.1
this Guide
completely
voluntary.
a. AWS
(American
Welding
providesisspecific
guidelines
for welding
Its existence materials
does not
in
any
respect
preclude
anyone,
whether
it has
on cranes or other material handling equipment. This specification
approved theincludes
Guideconsiderations
or not, from
following
procedures
and
assuming
for joint configurations, fatigue and workmanship of the
responsibilities
not so
conforming
toperformed
this Guide.
welds
that they are
properly.
4. Are static/dynamic
load factorsCMAA,
and loadMHI,
combinations
consistent
with assume
CMAA
DISCLAIMER
OF LIABILITY.
and their
members
no
requirements?
responsibility and disclaim all liability of any kind, however arising, as a result
a. Consider
dynamic
load
so that the
crane
is designed
with the
of acceptance
or usestatic
or and
alleged
use
offactors
this Guide.
The
User
specifically
safety factor.
understands correct
and agrees
that CMAA, MHI, their members, their officers,
5. Are
calculated
stresses
within
agents,
and
employees
shall
notlimitations/guidelines?
be liable under any legal theory of any kind
a. Designing
crane
allowabletostresses
are within
the limits
CMAA
for any action
or failurea to
actwhere
with respect
the proper
selection
of of
a material
handling system
as well can
as increase
mattersthe
such
as life
theofservice
which
will of
be
specifications
service
the cranefor
based
on itsit class
used, the frequency
service. of its use, matching its speed with manufacturing needs,
budget
or the
anyallowable
other stress
activity
covered
Guide.
use (fatigue)?
of this
6. Have
ranges
based onby
classThis
of service
beenAny
considered
informationa. must
be
determined
by
the
User
to
be
in
accordance
withalso
Static stresses are often encountered in the design of cranes. Fatigue must
applicable federal,
state, and
local
regulations.
be considered
during
thelaws
designand
to reduce
premature failure of cyclically loaded
components.
DISCLAIMER
OF WARRANTY. CMAA, MHI, and their members make NO
7. Girder design – Proportional requirements, Factors of Safety on buckling consistent with
WARRANTIES of any kind, express, implied, or statutory, in connection
CMAA?
with the
information in this Guide and SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ALL
a. Compression, as
well
as tension, must be considered
crane
girder design.
IMPLIED WARRANTIES
OF
MERCHANTABILITY
AND in
OF
FITNESS
FOR
Using
the
guidelines
and
limits
established
by
CMAA
will
enable
the crane to be
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
designed to reduce the likelihood of buckling failures.
INDEMNIFICATION.
By CMAA
referring
to or otherwise
8. Girder deflection per
specifications
(1/888) employing this Guide, the
User agrees
to
defend,
protect,
indemnify,
MHI,
a. CMAA recommends minimum deflectionand
of thehold
bridgeCMAA,
beam(s) to
avoidtheir
load
members, their
officers,
agents,
and
employees
harmless
from
and
against
all
handling problems due to trolley drift.
claims, losses, expenses, damages, and liabilities, direct, incidental, or
9. Are structural bolted joints designed in accordance with CMAA requirements?
consequential, arising from acceptance or use or alleged use of this Guide,
a. CMAA requires compliance with ASTM-A325 or ASTM-A490 for all structural
including loss
of profits and reasonable attorneys' fees which may arise out of
connections
is consistent
withGuide.
American
Institute
the acceptance
or use orwhich
alleged
use of this
The
intentofofSteel
thisConstruction
provision
(AISC)
requirements.
and of the User is to absolve and protect CMAA, MHI, their members, their
10. Is the
hoist designed
per ASME B30.16
and and
applicable
HST relating
hoist performance
standard?
officers,
agents,
and employees
from any
all loss
in any way
to
this Guide, including those resulting from the User's own negligence.
8720 Red Oak Blvd., Suite 201 – Charlotte, NC 28217 – 704-676-1190 – Fax 704-676-1199 – www.mhia.org/cmaa
8720 Red Oak Blvd., Suite 201 – Charlotte, NC 28217 – 704-676-1190 – Fax 704-676-1199 – www.mhia.org/cmaa
a. A hoist designed in accordance with ASME B30.16 conforms to a variety of
design criteria applying to the construction, installation, inspection, and testing
of the hoist. ASME B30.16 applies to hoists that will be used on single girder
cranes only.
This
which was
developed
by thetoCrane
Manufacturers
Association of
11.Guide,
Load suspension
parts
of hoist designed
5:1 based
on ultimate strength
America, a.Inc.
(“CMAA”),
an affiliated
of the
Material
Load
suspension parts
should also trade
be sizedassociation
so that the ultimate
strength
is five
Handling Industry
(“MHI”),
provides
guidance
about
the
proper
selection
of
times greater (5:1 Design Factor) than the rated load capacity. Lower factors
crane and hoist
systems
and
covers
various
issues
about
such
a
system’s
could increase the likelihood of premature failure.
terminology,
usage,
and more.
It was 5:1?
developed with the sole intent of
12. Is the Wire
Rope Design
Factor a minimum
offering information to parties engaged in selecting and purchasing such a
b. Wire ropes should be sized so that any combination of the rope diameter and
crane or hoist system.
This Guide is advisory only and should only be
construction has a breaking strength at least five times greater (5:1 design
regarded as a simple tool that a potential user or buyer may or may not
factor)adopt,
than the
rated load
plus the
weight of
the load block
for not
choose to follow,
modify,
or capacity
reject. The
following
information
does
standard
cranes.
Cranes
that
lift
molten
materials
should
have
wire
ropes
constitute a comprehensive safety program, cannot guard against pitfalls with
in
a breaking
strength
of eight times
(8:1 Design
Factor). not
Lower
operating, selecting
and
purchasing
suchgreater
a system,
and should
befactors
relied
maySuch
reduceathe
expectedshould
lifespan be
of the
rope due toand
fatigue
other stress
upon as such.
program
developed,
anand
independent
factors.
adviser should be consulted to do so.
13. Type of wire rope or chain and size
b. WireThe
ropeacceptance
and chain areor
available
different
grades
of steel including
stainless.
VOLUNTARY.
use ofinthis
Guide
is completely
voluntary.
It
is
important
to
select
the
proper
material
for
the
application
and
environment
Its existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether it has
where
the wire
be used. procedures and assuming
approved the
Guide
or rope
not,or chain
from will
following
14. Hoist meeting
exceeding the
for minimum pitch diameter of running sheaves
responsibilities
notorconforming
toguide
this Guide.
b. CMAA has recommended minimum “diameter ratios” based on the flexibility of
DISCLAIMER
CMAA,theMHI,
and pitch
theirdiameter
members
assumeand
no
theOF
wireLIABILITY.
rope that determines
allowable
for sheaves
responsibilitydrums
and disclaim
all
liability
of
any
kind,
however
arising,
as
a
result
for a given wire rope size. These minimum ratios have been shown to
of acceptance
or use
alleged
usebased
of this
Guide.
The User
specifically
increase
wireor
rope
service life
on the
crane service
class and
may result in
understands fewer
and wire
agrees
that
CMAA,
MHI,
their
members,
their
officers,
rope replacements.
agents,
and
employees
shall
not
be
liable
under
any
legal
theory
of
any
kind
15. Bearings consistent with duty cycle selected
for any action or failure to act with respect to the proper selection of a material
b. CMAA has recommendations for bearing life that are based on the class of
handling system as well as matters such as the service for which it will be
service (duty cycle) of the crane. As the class of service increases from Class ”A”
used, the frequency
of its use, matching its speed with manufacturing needs,
to
“D,” the
bearingcovered
life increases
budget or anyClass
other
activity
by accordingly.
This Guide. Any use of this
16.
Brake
mechanical
and
thermal
ratings
consistent
withtoHST
information must be determined by the User
behoist
in performance
accordance with
requirements
and
class
of
service.
applicable federal, state, and local laws and regulations.
a. As the class of service or duty cycle of the crane or hoist increases, the brake
ratings
must increase to provide
consistent
with crane
service
DISCLAIMER
OF WARRANTY.
CMAA,a design
MHI, factor
and their
members
make
NO
WARRANTIES
of any kind, express, implied, or statutory, in connection
classification.
with
information
in this
Guide and SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ALL
17. the
Shafting
design per CMAA
specifications
IMPLIED b.WARRANTIES
OFspecifications,
MERCHANTABILITY
AND OF
FOR
By following CMAA
proper shaft design
may FITNESS
reduce premature
PARTICULAR
PURPOSE.
shaft failure due to fatigue or other factors. An improperly designed shaft may
be a hazardBy
in that
the shaft
fail and could
eliminate the
fromthe
the
INDEMNIFICATION.
referring
to could
or otherwise
employing
thisbrake
Guide,
User agreessystem.
to defend, protect, indemnify, and hold CMAA, MHI, their
18. Allowable
loadsagents,
per CMAA
specifications
members,
theirwheel
officers,
and
employees harmless from and against all
b. CMAAexpenses,
recommendsdamages,
allowable maximum
wheel loads
for a given
wheel
claims, losses,
and liabilities,
direct,
incidental,
or
diameter,
size and
hardness oforthe
wheel.
If wheelsuse
are overloaded,
the
consequential,
arisingrail
from
acceptance
use
or alleged
of this Guide,
including losswheel
of profits
andbereasonable
attorneys'
feeswheel
which
may arise out of
life could
shortened due
to premature
wear.
the19.
acceptance
or use
or alleged
use of this Guide. The intent of this provision
Bumpers sized
per CMAA
specifications
and of the
User
is
to
absolve
and
protect
CMAA,
MHI,
their sized
members,
their
b. Bumpers are designed to absorb
impact
loading.
Properly
bumpers
per
officers, agents,
and
employees
from
any
and
all
loss
relating
in
any
way
to
CMAA specifications can reduce damage to both the crane runway system and
Buyer’s Guide Companion
this Guide, including those resulting from the User's own negligence.
8720
8720Red
RedOak
OakBlvd.,
Blvd.,Suite
Suite201
201––Charlotte,
Charlotte,NC
NC28217
28217––704-676-1190
704-676-1190––Fax
Fax704-676-1199
704-676-1199––www.mhia.org/cmaa
www.mhia.org/cmaa
crane in the event of accidental collisions with runway end stops or other
cranes. This also applies to bumpers for trolleys.
20. Panel and interconnect wiring per NEC 610
b. CMAA specifications recognize Article 610 of The National Electric Code (NEC),
This Guide, which
was developed
by theincluding
Crane Manufacturers
Association
of
which regulates
electrical design
things such as minimum
conductor
America, Inc.
(“CMAA”),
anguidelines,
affiliated
trade short
association
of the
Material
(wire)
sizing, fusing
grounding,
circuit devices,
overload
Handling Industry
(“MHI”),
provides
guidance
about
the
proper
selection
of
devices, etc. The NEC recognizes hazards to persons and property arising from
crane and hoist
systems
and
covers
various
issues
about
such
a
system’s
the use of electricity.
terminology,
usage, per
and
more.
21. Motors designed
NEMA
MG-1 Itor was
IEC. developed with the sole intent of
offering information to parties engaged in selecting and purchasing such a
b. Motors that are certified under NEMA MG-1 or IEC motors comply with rules
crane or hoist system.
This Guide is advisory only and should only be
regarding service conditions, standard dimensions and tolerances, duty rating
regarded as a simple tool that a potential user or buyer may or may not
and more.
Themodify,
use of motors
constructed
to these standards
will improve
their
choose to follow,
adopt,
or reject.
The following
information
does not
reliable
operation
and
service
life.
constitute a comprehensive safety program, cannot guard against pitfalls in
22. Motorselecting
HP requirements
calculated per
CMAA
for class ofand
service
operating,
and purchasing
such
a system,
should not be relied
CMAA
provides
horsepower
calculations
to correctlyand
size the
per the duty
upon as b.
such.
Such
a program
should
be developed,
anmotor
independent
classification
of
the
crane,
which
can
result
in
longer
service
life.
adviser should be consulted to do so.
23. Controls sized for class of service
b. Controls
contactors,or
inverters,
to the appropriate
VOLUNTARY.
The (i.e.
acceptance
use of etc.)
this should
Guidebeissized
completely
voluntary.
service
class
and
application
requirements.
Components
controls that
are not
Its existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, inwhether
it has
sized
properly
could
result
in
premature
failure.
approved the Guide or not, from following procedures and assuming
24. Short circuitnot
devices
& overload
per NEC 610
responsibilities
conforming
to devices
this Guide.
b. See 20.a above
DISCLAIMER
LIABILITY.
CMAA,
25. 4th RunwayOF
Electrification
Ground
Bar: MHI, and their members assume no
responsibility
and
disclaim
all
liability
ofupdated
any kind,
however
arising,
as abonding
result
b. The National Electric Code was
in 2005
to require
a separate
of acceptance
or
use
or
alleged
use
of
this
Guide.
The
User
specifically
(ground) conductor for all new cranes.
understands
and agrees that CMAA, MHI, their members, their officers,
26. Rail Sweeps
agents, and
employees
shall not be liable under any legal theory of any kind
b. Rail sweeps are designed to reduce the likelihood of debris entrapment hazards
for any action or failure to act with respect to the proper selection of a material
under the travel wheels. They are necessary to comply with OSHA standards to
handling system as well as matters such as the service for which it will be
reduce the likelihood of damage to the wheel were it to run over an object.
Buyer’s Guide Companion
used, the frequency of its use, matching its speed with manufacturing needs,
budget or any other activity covered by This Guide. Any use of this
information must be determined by the User to be in accordance with
applicable
federal,
state, and
laws
and
regulations.
Note:
As explained
in Specification
#70local
& #74,
CMAA
Engineering
Committee Specification
Interpretations and Responses are advisory and are intended to offer information only. CMAA makes no
DISCLAIMER
OF with
WARRANTY.
CMAA,
MHI, and
their members
make
NOall
warranties
in connection
its Interpretation
and Specification
Responses
and specifically
disclaims
WARRANTIES
of
any
kind,
express,
implied,
or
statutory,
in
connection
implied warranties of merchantability or of fitness for a particular purpose. By using the Interpretation or
with the
information
in this
Guide
and SPECIFICALLY
ALL
Response
information,
it is the user’s
intent
and understanding
to absolve CMAA,DISCLAIM
its successors and
IMPLIED
WARRANTIES
OF
MERCHANTABILITY
AND
OF
FITNESS
FOR
assigns, officers and employees from any and all liability in tort, contract or other liability.
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
INDEMNIFICATION. By referring to or otherwise employing this Guide, the
User agrees to defend, protect, indemnify, and hold CMAA, MHI, their
members, their officers, agents, and employees harmless from and against all
claims, losses, expenses, damages, and liabilities, direct, incidental, or
consequential, arising from acceptance or use or alleged use of this Guide,
including loss of profits and reasonable attorneys' fees which may arise out of
the acceptance or use or alleged use of this Guide. The intent of this provision
and of the User is to absolve and protect CMAA, MHI, their members, their
officers, agents, and employees from any and all loss relating in any way to
this Guide, including those resulting from the User's own negligence.
8720
8720Red
RedOak
OakBlvd.,
Blvd.,Suite
Suite201
201––Charlotte,
Charlotte,NC
NC28217
28217––704-676-1190
704-676-1190––Fax
Fax704-676-1199
704-676-1199––www.mhia.org/cmaa
www.mhia.org/cmaa
Prepared by
© 2014 by Crane Manufacturers Association
of America, Inc.
CMAA is an Affiliate of
Material Handling Industry
8720 Red Oak Blvd., Suite 201
Charlotte, NC 28217-3992
Telephone: (704) 676-1190
Fax: (704) 676-1199
Website: www.mhia.org/cmaa