14th International Congress of ISP
Harnburg 1980
Garnmission I
Warking Group -
Presented Paper
Dr.-Ing. Gerhard
Wü r t
z
JENOPTIK Jena GmbH., DDR- 69 Jena, Carl-Zeiss-Platz 1
New photogrammetric camera lenses from Jena
Abstract
A report is glven on the new developed photogrammetric camera
lenses Lameßon PI 4,5/150 B for the MRB 15/2323 aerial camera
and the Lametar lenses 8/200 and 11/300 for the terrestrial
UMK 1318 camera system, the qudlity of which can be judged
by the presented test results of MTF, resolving power,
distortion and light distribution.
189.
The Jena optical works recently succeeded in completing some
new designs, which had been started with the aim of increasing
the performance and effectivity for the photographic technique
in photogrammetry. These new developments include the
Lamegon PI 4.5/150 B wide-angle lens for aerial photogrammetry
and two lenses of the normal-angle and narrow-angle type for
terrestrial photogrammetry, Lametar 8/200 and Lametar 11/300,
the performance of which shall be deacribed in the following.
1. Lamegon PI 4.5/150 B
The lens so far used in the MRB 15/~323 aerial camera is replaced by this Lamegon type, in which the fundamental optical
parameters, such as focal length, field angle and relative
aperture and, in addition, the light distribution in the image
plane have been left unchanged. On the other hand, considerable improvements in the image quality and freedom from distortion have been achieved compared with the former lens. Relevant results on the modulation transfer function (MTF), photographic resolving power, and distortion are available.
The test equipment for the M~ determination on the basis of
the slit imageanalysiswas described in /1/. Figures 1 to 3
show MTF curves for the f-numbers capable of being set in the
MRB camera and for a spectral range from 500 nm to 700 nm,
whose characteristic has been well adapted to that of panchromatic commercial emulsions behind a yellow filter with half
transmission wavelength of 500 nm. The focussing of the lens
was carried out by applying the criterion of the maximum modulation transfer factor M(R) in the photo centre at the spatial
frequency R = 15 1/mm and the f-number 4.5. This setting
plane was retained for the measurements with other f-numbers.
It is simultaneously the plane of maximum Strehl intensity.
The curves drawn in Fig. 2 in thinner lines refer to the earlier lens. The achieved increase in quality is clearly visible.
For comparison, the H~ curves are shown in Fig. 4 for the
three f-stop settings of the MRB camera referred to a spatial
frequency of R = 30 1/mm. Accordingly the optimum f-number is
8, differing insignificantly from the result ~t 5,6 •
The effect of d~focussing is shown in Fig. 5. Even at a defocussing of + 0.1 mm modulation transfer compared with the size
of the inflÜenced image areas is still satisfactory. For the
MRB 15/2323 aerial camera lens adjusted to infinity a defocussing value of - 0.1 mm results at a flying height of 225 mm.
This corresponds to an image scale of 1 : 1500, which does
normally not come into question for wide-angle cameras.
The photographic resolving power was determined according to
the ISP Recommendations /3/ with radially and tangentially
oriented three-line test groups of high and low contrast andby
means of a yellow filter. The test emulsion used was Kodak-Plus
X-Film. Particularly noticeable compared with the results reported in /2/ is the i~provement of the tangential image elements in the corners of the picture (Figs. 6 and 7).
As a whole, the area weigh&ed average resolution (AWAR) for
f/4.5 compared with the earlier lens increased at high cantrast from 38 1/mm to 52~mm and at low contrast from 19 1/mm
to 28 1/mm, this being equivalent to an increase of 37 % or
190.
47 %, respectively. For f/5.6 AWAR is 61 1/mm for high cantrast
and 31 1/mm for low contrast. It does practically not change
when using f/8.
The standard distortion (Fig. 8) in the whole area of the image
format is ~ 4 um.
1
2. Lametars
Lametar 8/200 and Lametar 11/300 were designed for the two new
exchangeable UMK 20/1318 and UMK 30/1318 camera types, which
in connection with the well-known UMK 10/1318 provide greater
possibilities for adapting ·the measuring system to the particular taking conditions and thus for more effective work. The
optical basic parameterß are given in Table 1.
For assessing the image quality the same test equipments and
techniques were used as fo~ the aerial camera lens dealt with
in the first section. Merely for adaptation to the application purpose orthochromatic ORWO-TO 1 plates and panchromatic
ORWO-WP 1 plates of VEB Filmfabrik Wolfen with sensitivities
of abt. 3 DIN and 22 DIN, respectively, were used for the determination of the resolving power.
According to expectation the differences in image quality
diminish with smaller field angle both for the position. of
the image elements and for the outer image zones relative to
the image centre.
The test results being characteristic of the image quality are
represented in Figures 9 to 12. Table 2 shows the AWAR values
for the smallest and largest f-numbers settable on the lens.
As is expected, the photographic resolution gradually decreases with greater f-numbers. The maximurn relative apertures
(smallest f-numbers) are at the same time the optimurn ratios;
in the case of Lametar 8/200 the results for f/8 and f/11 are
practically of equal size.
For distortion (Figs. 13 and 14) two standard curves have been
given as limit curves for the whole focussing and adjustiRg
range. For the UMK 20/1318 it lies between 11 oo 11 and 5.8 m and
for the unvariably fixed UMK 30/1318 an adjustment can, on
request, be made by the manufacturer within a range from 11 oo 11
to 5 m. The different zero transitions of distortion are the
result of the radial distances r' increasing with the image
distance change. Within the maximum depth of field resulting
from the largest f-number and a permissible size of the circle
of least confusion of 0.05 mm, distortion is practically
stable. Deviations from the distortion values appertaining to
the focussing distance are less tnan 1 um.
Finally, Fig. 15 shows the light distribution in the image
plane for both lenses.
Literature
/1/ Bode, A.; Untergutsch, U.;
Bißmann, B.:
Measurement of Modulation Transfer Function
(MTF) on Aerial Camera Lenses.
Presented Paper at th~ ISP Symposium, Commission I,
Tokyo 1978
:1.9:1..
/2/ Würcz~ G.:
Image quality properties of the new aerial
photography lenses form Jena.
Reports of the IIIrd International Symposium of Photointerpretation, Dresden 1970
/3/ ISP-Comm. I:
Recommended Procedures for Calibrating
Photogrammetric Cameras and for related Optical Tests, collated by P. D. Carman, Division of Applied Physics, National
Research Council Ottawa, Canada 1960
192.
M{R')
M{R')
t1,0
y'• 0
0,6
"
0,4!
~
20
40
M{R')
w
60
R'
~~.:k
eo
20
100
0,2+
I'·'!
--
0,21
40
I
I
I
20
40
60
~
0,2
I,_
60
R'inmm- 1
40
0,6
0.6
\
'"!'\::_ --
60 80 100
R' in mm-•-
....... -
I
20
I
40
I
I
I
60 60 100
R' in mm-•--
Lamegon PI 4. 5/150 8 - MTF curves for a
spectral range -from SOOnm to 700nm at f/ 4.5
-
radial
-- -
tangential
40
0,6
0,4
0,2
"
0,2
40
80
60
R'
Fig . 2
i nmm-~
20
40
.......
.......
R' i~mm~•
- - - tangential
--
60 60
R' in mm-"--
Lamegon PI 4,5/150 8- MTF curves
range from 500 nm to 700nm at
The earlier lens for comparison
-radial
80
.\ \.
0,4
..........
20
60
y ' -110,8 mm
f1.o I
I
\
20
M(R')
y'-110,8mm
0,2
-+-
Rg. 1
.......
0,4
0,8
..........__
20
"'~
O,t.
.....
y' -63 ,8mm
' '-
y'- 49,9 mm
0,6
M{R')
0,6
o.t.t
.... .....
0,2
y'•83,8 mm
I
i
t1 ,0
0,6!
0,4
inmm-~
y' - 0
0,6
0,6
0,2
UJ
y'.49,9mm
0,6
o.6+
M{R')
I
f1,0~
~
M{R')
for a spectral
t I 5,6
M (R 'J
11,0
y' - 0
~
~-
~
0,6
' 0\.-
0,4
l,Otf
\'·-. .
- ·- ·- ·-·' ...... __,_ - --..
"
0,2
M (R')
20
radial
40
50
80
100
R 'i nmm·~-
M(R')
-· ..... ~-;;::. ~..........___ . ___'- --K=B
i;_,.. . . --=--~A.S
. '-------- ..... ~
.
\\
radial,
.
f-l
tD
~
t'
y' ~49,9mm
10·8
t\
tangential, y'- 49,9 mm
/
0,6
'--1< " 5.6
I( ~4. 5
-100
-50
:iJ
100
y'nmm
--
0,4
0, 2
0,2
M(R')
1.orf
---·-·
............. ~_:..···-::.::-------/
,/'
10
-·--
20
tangentief
40
60 80 100
R' in mm·•-
M(R')
----:-::;::::""...-~:::::- · "'<"'K· 8
.
...... .......
20
60 80 100
R' in mm·~ -
M(R')
11 ot
radial ,
y '~ 110, 8 mm
110t
tangential, y '-110,8 mm
,
-...:K • 5,6
a4,5
.51\-~
0
0,4
0
y' in rrm - - - -
o.z+
0,5
1
\~
~
0.4
0.2
-~
20
Ag. 3
40
Lamegon PI 4,5/150 B- modulation (or R • ll l/mm
as a function ~ image position and diaptragm setting
Fig. 4
40
60 80 - 100
R' in mm · ' - --
Lamegon ?I 4,5 I 150 8 - MTF curves fa a spect.ral
range from 500nm to 700nm with defccussing4Z at f/4,5
-
A
z'· O)Jm i - · - .4 z'· llO)Jm - - - - .AZ'- -100 }Im
a)
M(R)
t
1,0
Cl) L/mm
t
0,6
hi~ centrast (log K • 2,0)
80
·---·- --·---.
·.......:::
~ ·~
60
40
0,6
photographic resohJtion behind a yellow filter wiih
~K 500 rvn at f I 4.5
tangentkll --- radial
100
--- -----
20
low
J.l
·-
0,4
.~ ............. .............
0,2
.
=~~~-=~:~---~
I
20
25
50
7
100
125
r'inmm~
b)
I
&l
20
I
~
ib
mm ·• ---
M(R)
f 10
0,8
r' in Jlm
t
I
40
R in
b)
(D
U1
"'-2!1"~o·
13'
............. .......
+10
so
0,2
-10
o•
13.
iJ1'
80
R in
Fig. 5
lamegon PI 4 5/150 B
Cl) photcqaphic resolution
b) standard
distor1ion
c:urw
Ag . 6: Lcunetcr 6/200 -MTF QI\IIIS far white
dlfnrt angles and f /8
Cl) \:ingrial
b) radial
rnn-•-
l9t at
a)
L/mm
h~
f1oo+~~~ _/'\
-radial
cantrast
---tCilglf'ltial
M(R )
t
1,0
-~~\
eo
a)
0,8
·
·---·, ' ·(\
-:---~·~·
~
60
40
0.6
'\ .
\•
0,1.
20
o·
0, 2
1-'
tD
m
eo
40
20
14'
uio
~
r'in rnn
20
40
eo
60
100
R in mm · ' - - -
b)
.Ar' in mm
b) M(R)
t
f+s
1,0
_,
"/''
/ /
-
focus sing clistarce
'"
'\
//
- - Oo
0,6
- - - 5,8m
\
0, 6
4"0
\
0,4
' ,_
o·
0, 2
~~~·
11.'
-5
20
Fig. 7 Lametar
8/200
a ) Jt!otO!rali*: resolut Ion at
b) standlrcl diStortion curves
FJQ . 8
f/ e
40
100
R inmm ·• -
60
Lametar n/300-MTF curves
and t/n
a)
tangential
b)
for white light at dlffmnt .anele6
raclial
o)
Ltmm
contrast
high
t100
--radial
---tangential
--=:,,
~:..:.......
60
T01 __ .
~--~
so.
--·---
WP1
i-c:::..::.__ _____:::·.~. -=-=:::
40
t: in%
20
t 100 '
f-1
lD
..-J
L-----~-----4±0~
20
eo--loo
r'inmm
~
80
b)
~r'inmm
l.o\
tiO-r
b
40
"... ...
- - 5m
/
20
·2b
~,6
5'a
8b
tJo
r' in rrm
-·~
-5t
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Lametar 11/300
a) photographic resolut iOn at
b) standerd
distort ion
cur-..s
Light distribution in the image plane
t 1 11
a)
b)
Lametar 111300
Lametar ß/ 200