386 College of Pharmacy Oregon State University The Oregon State University College of Pharmacy’s Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) Program is accredited by the American Council on Pharmaceutical Education, 20 North Clark St., Suite 2500, Chicago, IL 606025109, (312) 664-3575, (800) 533-3606; FAX, (312) 664-4652. The PharmD degree is jointly conferred by Oregon State University and Oregon Health and Science University. The Oregon State University College of Pharmacy is a member of the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy. Its objective is to contribute to the improvement of public health and welfare through dissemination, expansion, and application of knowledge. In so doing, the college provides an instructional program assuring academic and technical proficiency in the basic sciences and their pharmaceutical application. A petition from the pharmacists of Oregon led to the establishment of the Department of Pharmacy at Oregon State College in 1898. The department grew steadily and in 1917 became the School of Pharmacy. In 1983 it became the College of Pharmacy. There are many career options available to individuals having a pharmacy degree. Some graduates are employed in privately owned or chain pharmacies and practice in a community setting, while others practice in hospitals or nursing homes. The pharmaceutical industry offers careers in many areas including sales, marketing, public and government relations, manufacturing, and basic research. Pharmacy graduates are also employed in various local, state and federal health agencies, including the U.S. Public Health Service and the Veterans Administration. Individuals who decide to acquire advanced professional or graduate training may follow a career in research and academics. College of Pharmacy graduates are eligible for licensure as pharmacists throughout the United States. Professional Program Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) Undergraduate Major (non-degree program) Pre-Pharmacy Undergraduate Minor Pharmacy Graduate Major Pharmacy (MS, PhD) Graduate Areas of Concentration Biopharmaceutics Medicinal Chemistry Natural Products Chemistry Pharmaceutics Pharmacoeconomics Pharmacokinetics Pharmacology Toxicology Graduate Minor Pharmacy FACULTY Professors Ayres, Block, Gerwick, Kradjan, Leid, Mpitsos, Stennett, Strandberg, Weber Associate Professors Bianco, Christensen, DeLander, Haxby, Munar, Parrott, Proteau, P., Rodriguez, Zabriskie Assistant Professors Allen, Bearden, Bultemeier, Collins, Earle, Filtz, Ishmael, Singh, Touchette Instructors Abei, Conroy, Kwong, Proteau, D., Samuels, Zweber PROFESSIONAL FACULTY Austin Haney, A., Henderson, V., Boyce, W., Ketchum, K., Madison, E. 203 Pharmacy Building Oregon State University COURTESY FACULTY AND Corvallis, OR 97331-3507 PRECEPTORS The College of Pharmacy utilizes practic- (541) 737-3424; ing pharmacists, physicians, and pharma- FAX (541) 737-3999 ceutical scientists as lecturers in the Web site: http:// professional pharmacy program and in pharmacy. the college’s graduate education program. oregonstate.edu/ This group includes approximately 50 courtesy faculty and over 100 pharmacy preceptors. These individuals make a very important and significant contribution to the educational programs of the college. PHARMACY INFORMATION Professional pharmacy education has changed both in Oregon and throughout the United States. To be eligible for admission to the PharmD program, students must complete a required prepharmacy curriculum, which will require approximately three years of college study. Completion of the pharmacy professional program requires an additional four years. After completion of the four-year professional pharmacy program, the graduate is eligible to take a licensing exam administered by state boards of pharmacy. After passing the licensing exam and completing required internship training, the graduate is licensed to practice as a registered pharmacist. While time requirements may vary from state to state, many graduates become licensed as pharmacists approximately three months after graduation from Oregon State University. THE PRE-PHARMACY PROGRAM Required courses in the pre-pharmacy program may be taken at Oregon State University or any other accredited college or university. The pre-pharmacy program must be completed prior to beginning the professional program. Required courses must be taken for a letter grade; however, an exception may be made if a course is only offered pass/no pass. The student should make a specific request for waiver of grade requirement directly to the College of Pharmacy Admissions Committee prior to taking the course. If a high school graduate fulfills the requirements for admission to OSU, the graduate may be admitted to the prepharmacy program at OSU as a freshman. Four years of high school mathematics, English, history/social studies, and sciences, including chemistry, physics, and biology, and at least two years of a foreign language, as well as speech communication, are recommended. Students from community colleges, other colleges and universities, or other colleges at OSU may transfer into the prepharmacy program at any time. ADMINISTRATION Wayne Kradjan Dean (541) 737-5785 wayne.kradjan@ orst.edu Gary DeLander Assistant Dean for Academic Affairs and Chair Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (541) 737-5805 gary.delander@ orst.edu Keith Parrott Assistant Dean for Student Affairs (541) 737-5794 keith.parrott@orst.edu Theresa M. Bianco Interim Chair Department of Pharmacy Practice (503) 494-1595 bianot@ohsu.edu College of Pharmacy Early Admission Program The Early Admission Program is intended to guarantee highly qualified students admitted to Oregon State University the opportunity to enter the College of Pharmacy Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) program after the successful completion of the program prerequisites and the maintenance of certain academic criteria. Eligibility To be eligible for admission to the College of Pharmacy Doctor of Pharmacy Early Admission Program, you must meet the following minimum criteria: • You must be admitted to Oregon State University. • First-year students (entering from high school) must have a high school GPA of 3.5 or SAT 1200 or ACT 25. OR • College transfers (students transferring to OSU for their second year only) or students already at OSU in their first year must have a high school GPA of 3.5 or SAT 1200 or ACT 25 and a transfer college GPA of 3.25 or an OSU GPA of 3.25. Second, third- and fourth-year college students and students with a college degree are not eligible for the Early Admission Program. For more information or to request an application, visit http:// pharmacy.oregonstate.edu/ or call (541) 737-3424. Students planning their academic course work should be sure to speak with a pharmacy adviser. THE PROFESSIONAL PHARMACY PROGRAM Enrollment in the four-year professional program is limited. A student who has completed at least the first two years of pre-pharmacy study must apply directly to the College of Pharmacy for admission to the professional pharmacy program. Contact the OSU College of Pharmacy for application forms and other information or visit the college Web site at http://pharmacy. oregonstate.edu. Students are admitted to the professional program beginning fall term only. Once admitted to the professional program, each student is assigned a faculty adviser. Students may register for only those courses for which they have completed the stated prerequisite courses. Exceptions are allowed only after approval by the college Academic and Professional Standards Committee. Students will complete the first two years of their course work on the Oregon State University campus. The third professional year will be at the College of Pharmacy Satellite Campus at Oregon Health and Science University in Portland, Oregon. Most students choose to live in the Portland area during the third year. The fourth year will be offcampus at various pharmacy practice sites throughout the state of Oregon and the Northwest including Hawaii. Contact the college directly for additional information about the PharmD curriculum. Immunization and vaccination requirements for PharmD students are more strict than for other university students. PharmD students must satisfy all college immunization and vaccination requirements before starting classes. Failure to meet these requirements may delay enrollment. The four-year professional pharmacy program provides a broad, scientifically based education. Through appropriate selection of professional elective courses in the fourth year, a student may concentrate in such areas as community, clinical, geriatric, administrative, industrial pharmacy, or prepare for graduate study. Pharmacy students are expected to develop a scholarly attitude toward the experimental basis of pharmacy. During the professional curriculum, students are required to complete advanced human anatomy and physiology laboratories. These laboratories may include the use of human cadavers and live animals and are designed to complement other didactic courses in the curriculum. In all instances, the animals are humanely treated and anesthetized if the procedures are deemed painful; animals are humanely euthanized at the termination of the laboratory exercises. The pharmacy profession is experiencing profound changes in its practice and in its education for that practice. These changes include an increased orientation toward patient care in addition to the traditional study of pharmaceutical products. All students will be required to give immunizations (shots), take medical histories from patients, and perform physical examinations. These experiences will involve the asking of sensitive questions and physically touching other people. In the fourth professional year, students are assigned to off-campus practice sites where they are supervised by licensed pharmacists who are courtesy faculty members of the college. Practice sites are located primarily throughout Oregon. Completion of practicum courses at these off-campus practice sites generally requires up to 40 hours per week at the practice site. Practicum experience may include nights, evenings, and weekends. Practice sites are varied but include community pharmacies, hospitals, long-term care facilities, and outpatient clinics. Students must possess a valid Oregon pharmacy intern license to be eligible for placement in offcampus practicum courses. 387 Academic performance is not the sole criterion for admission to and/or continuation in certain courses in the College of Pharmacy, such as externships and clerkships. In addition, the college may find it necessary to evaluate a person’s background to determine his or her likelihood of maintaining standards of professional conduct and performance that are necessary in the pharmacy profession. An evaluation may take into consideration current performance, as well as past experience and actions. A valid Oregon Intern license is required for enrollment in the externship and clerkships. To become licensed by the state of Oregon to practice pharmacy, an individual must meet at least three criteria: 1. Possess a baccalaureate or PharmD degree in pharmacy from an accredited U.S. college of pharmacy, 2. Pass the Oregon Board of Pharmacy examination, and 3. Complete the Oregon Board of Pharmacy internship requirements. A criminal record or a criminal record involving illegal drugs may make graduation from the pharmacy program at Oregon State University and/or licensure by the Oregon Board of Pharmacy impossible. ACADEMIC AND PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS Doctor of Pharmacy students must meet university academic regulations and adhere to the university student code of conduct. University academic regulations are published three times a year in the Schedule of Classes. Student conduct rules and expectations can be found on the OSU Web site at http:// oregonstate.edu/admin/stucon/. In addition, the College of Pharmacy faculty has adopted the requirements listed below to assure that all pharmacy graduates have the best possible educational background and preparation for their pharmacy practice careers. In some cases the College of Pharmacy academic standards and requirements are stricter than the university academic regulations. 1. Four years are normally required to complete the PharmD program. Students must graduate with the PharmD degree within five years of beginning the program. For example, a student beginning the professional program in September 2002 must graduate by September 2007. 2. To advance to the third professional year and enroll in classes on the college’s Portland campus, students: a. Must successfully complete* all core classes in the first two professional years with a cumulative GPA of at least 2.00; 388 Oregon State University b. Can have no more than one “D” grade in required core pharmacy courses; and c. Must have earned a bachelor’s degree. 3. To enroll in off-campus, practicum courses in the fourth professional year, students: a. Must successfully complete all core pharmacy classes in the first three professional years with a cumulative GPA of at least 2.00; b. Can have no more than two “D” grades in required core pharmacy courses and no more than one “D” grade in a core course sequence. 4. To graduate with the PharmD degree, students: a. Must successfully complete all professional core pharmacy courses with a cumulative GPA of at least 2.00 and receive a passing grade for all off-campus, practicum courses; and b. Can have no more than two “D” grades in required core pharmacy courses and no more than one D grade in a core course sequence. 5. A professional core pharmacy course in which a grade of less than “C-” was earned may be repeated once for the purpose of raising the pharmacy GPA or earning a passing grade. The last grade recorded will be used to calculate the pharmacy core GPA. 6. Students may register for only those courses for which they have completed the stated prerequisite courses. Exceptions are allowed only with approval of the college’s Academic and Professional Standards Committee. It is the student’s responsibility to avoid enrollment in, or to de-enroll from, any course for which he or she lacks a required prerequisite. Enrollment in a course for which the student lacks the required prerequisite could result in a failing grade for that course. 7. Incompletes, an “I” grade, (see Academic Regulation 17 in the Schedule of Classes) in required professional pharmacy courses that serve as prerequisites for other professional courses must be removed within three weeks after the next term begins. Failure to remove the ‘incomplete’ within those three weeks could result in a failing grade for the subsequent course. The assistant dean for Student Affairs and the College of Pharmacy Academic and Professional Standards Committee are responsible for enforcing these standards. The committee and the assistant dean have authority to develop guidelines for the administration of these standards. Any student may petition the Academic and Professional Standards Committee for permission to deviate from the standards. Petition forms are available at 203 Pharmacy Building. *“Successfully complete” is defined as receiving a grade of “D” or higher and removal of all ‘incomplete’ grades. Core pharmacy courses include all pharmacy professional courses. In addition, anatomy (Z 441, 442, 443), biochemistry (BB 490, 491, 492), and physiology (Z 430, 431, and 432) grades will be included in the core pharmacy GPA if these courses were taken after starting the PharmD professional program. ACADEMIC STANDING At the conclusion of each quarter and at the end of each academic year, the grade point average (see University Academic Regulation 19 in the Schedule of Classes) in core pharmacy courses is calculated and academic standing in the college is determined according to the criteria outline below. Core pharmacy courses include all pharmacy professional courses. In addition, anatomy (Z 441, 442, 443), biochemistry (BB 490, 491, 492), and physiology (Z 430, 431, and 432) grades will be included in the core pharmacy GPA if these courses were taken after starting the PharmD professional program. Academic Warning Students with a term or cumulative core pharmacy course GPA between 2.00 and 2.35 and/or receiving a grade less than “C” in a term will be placed on Academic Warning. Academic Probation Students with a term GPA less than 2.00 but with a cumulative core pharmacy GPA greater than 2.00 will be placed on Academic Probation. Students on Academic Probation for a total of two terms while enrolled in the college are eligible for Suspension. Students who have a subsequent term GPA above a 2.00 (pharmacy core courses) will be removed from Academic Probation. Deferred Suspension Students with a cumulative core pharmacy GPA of less than 2.00 will be placed on Deferred Suspension. Students on Deferred Suspension are eligible for Suspension. The status of a student on Deferred Suspension in the college will be reviewed at least quarterly by the Academic and Professional Standards Committee. After review, the committee may recommend suspension if, for example, the student has not complied with his/her program of study, failed to make reasonable progress in the program, or if the student’s core GPA has fallen. Students on Deferred Suspension must meet with the assistant dean for Student Affairs to develop a program of study to improve their academic standing and make reasonable progress in the curriculum. These students may not be allowed to take any pharmacy courses. Students who attain a cumulative core pharmacy GPA greater than 2.00 will be removed from Deferred Suspension and placed on Academic Warning for at least one term. Suspension Students who are on Deferred Suspension and have a subsequent term GPA of less than 2.00 in core courses will be suspended from the college. Failure to make reasonable progress in the pharmacy curriculum may also result in suspension. A student who has been in good academic standing may be suspended for significant academic failure and/or significant breaches of expected professional conduct including criminal activities or academic dishonesty or significant breaches of university student conduct (see Web site: http:// osu.orst.edu/admin/stucon). All student cases involving possible suspension are reviewed by the Academic and Professional Standards Committee. The committee’s decision is then communicated to the assistant dean for Student Affairs. The assistant dean for Student Affairs and the Academic and Professional Standards Committee are responsible for enforcement of the college’s Academic Requirements. The committee and assistant dean have authority to develop guidelines for administration of these requirements. Guidelines, policies, and procedures are approved by the college faculty. Any student may petition the committee for deviation from the college’s Academic Requirements by completing the College of Pharmacy petition form. These petitions are available at 203 Pharmacy Building. WITHDRAWAL A student who leaves the college via withdrawal must contact the assistant dean for Student Affairs at least two weeks prior to the term for which the student wishes to re-enroll. Transcripts of all class work attempted after withdrawal must be provided. ADMISSION STANDARDS The College of Pharmacy endeavors to admit students who have the academic and individual ability to complete the rigorous Doctor of Pharmacy curriculum, meet State Board of Pharmacy licensing standards, and become highly competent and caring pharmacists. Persons admitted must possess the intelligence, character, integrity, compassion, humanitarian concern, and physical and mental health necessary to practice pharmacy. College of Pharmacy Admission to the PharmD program is highly competitive and limited in number. From a typical pool of several hundred applicants, a subset with the highest prior academic achievement in required pre-pharmacy courses, strong written communication skills, favorable letters of recommendation, and an overall understanding of and commitment to a health career as demonstrated in their application materials are invited for a personal interview. Further assessment of the candidate’s relevant traits is made during the interview. Not all applicants are chosen for an interview and not all of those who are interviewed are admitted. Admission decisions are based on all available relevant information and the following three primary considerations: a. Academic ability – completion of and grade point average in pre-pharmacy coursework. A student’s background and knowledge, especially in the chemical and biological sciences, must be current and up-to-date. Each applicant’s coursework is evaluated individually, but in general, science coursework should have been completed within 5 years of application. Demonstrated ability to complete a full-time, science-based curriculum is important. b. Verbal and written communication skills in the English language. These abilities are assessed by the candidate’s spoken language proficiency, his or her written biography and statement of purpose, an extemporaneous writing sample obtained during the interview, and comments provided by references. The ability to participate in general conversation, understand and act on instructions, and provide information to patients and health professionals in the English language is critical. While fluency in a second language is highly desirable, proficiency in both oral and written English is of primary importance. c. General knowledge and understanding of a health career in general and a pharmacy career in particular. While pharmacy work experience is not required, some knowledge and understanding of modern pharmacy practice is very important. An applicant’s willingness and motivation to be a part of a healthcare delivery system and to provide direct patient care is a primary component of the admission decision. RETENTION STANDARDS In order to be retained in the PharmD Program, each student must meet all requirements outlined in each of the standards described below. Each faculty member and preceptor will apply these standards in the assessment of student performance within individual classes and clerkship experiences. Academic Standards The PharmD curriculum requires essential abilities in information acquisition. The student must have the ability to master information presented in coursework in the form of lectures, discussion groups, case studies, smallgroup projects, practicum experiences, computer technology, written material, and projected images. The student must have the cognitive abilities necessary to master relevant content in basic science and clinical courses at a level deemed appropriate by the faculty. He or she must be able to develop reasoning and decision-making skills appropriate to the practice of pharmacy. These skills may be described as the ability to comprehend, memorize, analyze, and synthesize material. The student must be able to retrieve, critically evaluate, interpret, and communicate information contained in the scientific and professional literature. Similarly, the student must use clinical data, patient assessment, and appropriate medical literature to optimize therapeutic drug regimens. The student must be able to efficiently and accurately obtain information from other health professionals, medical records, and pharmacy records and use this information on behalf of the patient to identify, assess, solve, and prevent drug related problems. He or she must demonstrate sound clinical judgment in evaluating, assessing, and recommending patient therapeutic plans to achieve intended therapeutic outcomes. To perform these activities, the student must be able to obtain a pharmacy history from a patient or family member as described below. In addition, he or she must be capable of perceiving the signs of disease or adverse drug effects as manifested through visual observation of the patient, performing a limited physical examination (e.g., blood pressure, pulse, otic, chest and cardiac auscultation), and obtaining capillary or venous blood samples from the patient. Students must also be able to administer medications via injection. Technical and Communication Standards Technical standards, as distinguished from academic standards, refer to those physical, cognitive, and behavioral abilities required for satisfactory completion of all aspects of the curriculum, and the development of professional attributes required by the faculty of all students at graduation. The essential abilities required by the curriculum are in the following areas: motor, sensory, verbal and written communication in English, intellectual 389 (conceptual, integrative, and quantitative abilities for problem solving and decision making), and the behavioral characteristics and social skills necessary for the practice of pharmacy. The student must demonstrate the technical skills and knowledge to manage systems for storage, preparation, and dispensing of medicines; accurately and efficiently evaluate drug orders on prescriptions; accurately and safely compound drugs in appropriate dosage forms; package and dispense dosage forms; apply computer skills and technological advancements to practice; and supervise technical personnel to whom these responsibilities may be delegated. The student must be able to communicate effectively with patients, the patient’s family members or caretaker, and other healthcare practitioners. Not exclusively, but most commonly, this communication is in English. One element of communication is obtaining information from others and correctly analyzing the content of that information. In particular, the student must have the ability to obtain a pharmacy history from a patient or family member. This requires the ability to understand verbal and written information, recognize the significance of non-verbal responses, efficiently assess all information obtained, and, if appropriate, make a well-focused follow-up inquiry. The student must be capable of responsive, empathetic listening to establish rapport in a way that promotes openness on issues of concern and shows sensitivity to potential cultural differences. A second element of good communication is the coherent provision of information to others, both verbally and in writing. The student must be able to process and communicate information on the patient’s status, with accuracy and in a timely manner, to pharmacy colleagues and other healthcare providers. This information needs to be communicated in a succinct, yet comprehensive manner and in settings in which time available is limited. Written or dictated drug information assessments, communications to other health professionals, patient records, patient assessments, and prescriptions must be complete and accurate. Appropriate communication may also rely on the student’s ability to make a correct judgment in seeking supervision and consultation in a timely manner. PROFESSIONAL, BEHAVIORAL, AND ETHICAL STANDARDS In addition to the academic, technical, and communications standards cited above, retention of students in the program is also based on certain nonacademic factors. These non-academic 390 Oregon State University factors can significantly influence the likelihood of the student maintaining standards of professional conduct and performance that are required in the pharmacy profession. He or she must possess attributes, which include compassion, empathy, altruism, integrity, responsibility, and tolerance. He or she should always treat other students, faculty and staff, co-workers (other pharmacists, supportive personnel, other health professionals) and patients with respect and dignity. He or she must have satisfactory physical and mental health, the emotional stability to function effectively under stress, and the ability to adapt to an environment that may change rapidly without warning, or in unpredictable ways. The student must be able to understand the basis and content of medical and pharmacy ethics. The college has a responsibility to the public to assure that its graduates will become fully competent pharmacists who adhere to the American Pharmaceutical Association’s Code of Ethics. Students admitted to the PharmD program and continuing students must comply with university academic regulations and adhere to the university Student Code of Conduct as found on the university Web site: http:// oregonstate.edu/admin/stucon/. To participate in and complete offcampus practicum courses students must possess a valid Oregon Intern License. Inability to obtain an Oregon Intern License may prevent completion of offcampus externships and clerkships and prevent a student from continuing in the program and completing the requirements for graduation. Students must not abuse alcohol or other drugs. A history of drug abuse or alcohol related arrest or conviction might preclude obtaining an Oregon Intern License and make licensure as a pharmacist impossible. All standards pertaining to oncampus coursework also apply to all offcampus practicum experiences and clerkships. In addition, practicum sites will have their own requirements. Inability to attain a practicum placement or to satisfactorily complete a practicum experience may result in removal from the PharmD program. Equal Opportunity and Disability Accommodation The College of Pharmacy, as a part of Oregon State University, is committed to the principle of equal opportunity. The college does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, creed, religion, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, age, marital status, disability, and disabled veteran or Vietnam-era veteran status. When requested, the college will provide reasonable accommodation to otherwise qualified students with disabilities. Disabled students must work with and be approved by the Services for Students with Disabilities office. GRADUATION STANDARDS PharmD graduates are required to have met all requisite Retention Standards and to be qualified to enter the field of pharmacy and to possess a commitment to lifelong learning that will allow them to adapt to changes in pharmaceutical care and healthcare throughout their career. It is the responsibility of all PharmD students to cooperate and work with the College of Pharmacy and the university to meet these standards as described. Students with disabilities must also cooperate and work with the Services for Students with Disabilities office to request those accommodations that they feel are reasonable and needed to fulfill these standards. WICHE PROGRAM The College of Pharmacy accepts students supported through the Western Interstate Commission for Higher Education (WICHE) Professional Student Exchange Program. This interstate program provides the opportunity for students from the 13 cooperating states to obtain professional training not available in their home states. Further information regarding the WICHE program and application deadlines may be obtained by writing to the state certifying officer or to the WICHE Professional Student Exchange Program, P.O. Drawer P, Boulder, Colorado 80302. PROGRAM ON GERONTOLOGY Administered through the College of Health and Human Sciences, the Program on Gerontology involves students and faculty from seven colleges and 11 departments throughout the university, including the College of Pharmacy. Through course work in these departments, the program offers a multidisciplinary perspective on aging and prepares students for careers in programs on aging, or for work with the elderly as a specialty within another professional area. Students may earn the Gerontology certificate, graduate students may earn an integrated minor. For further information, contact the director in the College of Health and Human Sciences, 737-1076. PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS Students are encouraged to join various professional organizations. At OSU they may choose the following: National Association of Community Pharmacists—Open to all students in pharmacy; affiliated with the national parent organization. Academy of Students of Pharmacy—Open to all students in pharmacy; includes affiliation with the American Pharmaceutical Association and the Oregon State Pharmacists Association. Oregon Society of Health-System Pharmacists— Open to all students in pharmacy; includes membership in the Oregon Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Rho Chi—Membership in Beta chapter of Rho Chi, national pharmaceutical honor society, is based on high scholastic achievement. Phi Delta Chi—Membership in the Beta Iota chapter of this 100-year-old national pharmacy fraternity is limited to qualified individuals who meet the scholastic requirements. SCHOLARSHIPS AND LOANS Information about scholarships and loans is available from the College of Pharmacy Web site and the Office of Financial Aid and Scholarships, (541) 737-2241. PRE-PHARMACY MAJOR (NON-DEGREE PROGRAM) To be eligible to enter the four-year Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) professional program, an applicant must complete the pre-pharmacy curriculum, which involves approximately three years of undergraduate study. A bachelor’s degree is not required for admission to the PharmD program. However, students must earn a bachelor’s degree before entering the third professional year, unless they have a bachelor’s degree when they start the professional program. Through a cooperative program with the College of Science, Oregon State University pre-pharmacy students will be able to earn a BS in General Science degree at the end of the first or second professional year. PRE-PHARMACY CURRICULUM FOR PHARMD PROGRAM May be taken at any accredited college or university. Consult a pharmacy adviser or visit the college Web site at http://pharmacy.oregonstate.edu/. First Year CH 221, CH 222, CH 223. *General Chemistry (5,5,5) or equivalent one-year sequence in freshman chemistry with laboratory for chemistry or science majors. Survey courses are unacceptable (15) Writing I or equivalent (3) College of Pharmacy Second Year CH 334, CH 335, CH 336. Organic Chemistry (3,3,3) or equivalent one-year sequence in basic organic chemistry for chemistry majors; must include one term of lab (CH 337). Survey course that includes biochemistry is unacceptable (12) BI 211, BI 212, BI 213. *Principles of Biology (4,4,4) or equivalent one-year biology sequence for life science majors and pre-professional students (12) MB 302. General Microbiology (3) MB 303. General Microbiology Lab (2) or equivalent microbiology/ bacteriology lecture/lab course (5) Third Year BI 314. Cell and Molecular Biology (4) PH 201, PH 202, PH 203. *General Physics (5,5,5) Z 430. Principles of Physiology (4) (may substitute a year long biochemistry course for biochemistry majors) Z 431, Z 432. Vertebrate Physiology (4,4) (may substitute a yearlong biochemistry course for biochemistry majors). Students must complete both physiology and biochemistry by the end of the first professional year. First and/or Second Year (Distribution at student’s discretion) H 386. First Aid-Responding to Emergencies (3) ECON 201. *Intro to Microeconomics (4) or ECON 202. *Intro to Macroeconomics (4) Interpersonal Communication (3) MTH 241. *Calculus for Management and Social Science (4) or MTH 251. *Differential Calculus (4) or equivalent, introductory calculus course (4) PSY 201. *General Psychology (3) ST 201. Principles of Statistics (3) Writing II (3) Electives: Selected according to the student’s interests. Students are encouraged to consider courses to meet the remaining university mandated baccalaureate core requirements. College algebra and/or trigonometry is recommended. (It is advisable to have earned at least 120 credits to avoid needing to register for more than 18 credits per term during the professional curriculum.) PHARMD CURRICULUM Contact the College of Pharmacy, (541) 737-3424, or visit the college Web site at http://pharmacy.oregonstate.edu/. PHARMACY MINOR (28–34) The College of Pharmacy offers a minor intended for individuals in business, public health, health education, or other health-related majors who are interested in a career in the health care industry. Previous graduates have found work in pharmaceutical sales, the health insurance industry, and public health. The minor does not require a strong background in the sciences and may not be appropriate for individuals in chemistry, biochemistry, or biology who wish to pursue a research career. For more information, please contact the department at (541) 737-5794 or (541) 737-5784 or e-mail: keith.parrott@orst.edu or angela.austinhaney@orst.edu. REQUIREMENTS BI 103. *General Biology (4) or BI 212. *Principles of Biology (4) PHAR 201. Pharmacy Orientation (2) PHAR 210. Terminology of the Health Sciences (2) PHAR 726. Drug Literature Evaluation (3) PHAR 727. Pharmacy in the Health Care System (4) PHAR 729. Information Science (3) PHL 444. *Biomedical Ethics (4) Select 6–12 credits from the following: PHAR 321. *Science and Culture of Cosmetics (3) PHAR 728. Pharmacy Law (3) PHAR 746. Pharmacy Management (3) H 220. Intro to Epidemiology and Health Data Analysis (3) H 225. *Social and Individual Health Determinants (3) H 320. Intro to Human Disease (3) H 323. Intro to Public Health (3) Note: *= Bacc core course Total credits (28–34) PHARMACY (MS, PhD) Areas of Concentration Medicinal chemistry, natural products chemistry, pharmaceutics, pharmacokinetics, pharmacology, toxicology The College of Pharmacy offers a program of graduate study in pharmacy that is individually designed to meet student career interests and goals. We currently offer Master of Science (MS) and Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degrees in Pharmacy with emphasis in the above areas of concentration. Our nationally renowned faculty has strengths in all areas of pharmaceutical science and many have been recognized for teaching excellence and outstanding research and professional activities. Research focus areas include the exploration of marine algae as a source of new and useful biomedicinal agents, the design and development of innovative drug dosage forms, and the mechanisms and consequences of drug interactions with living organisms. PHARMACY GRADUATE MINOR For details, see the college adviser. 391 DOCTOR OF PHARMACY (PHARMD) CURRICULUM First Professional Year – Corvallis campus BB 490, 491, 492. Biochemistry (3,3,3) PHAR 720, 721, 722. Pharmacy Practice I, II, III (3,3,3) PHAR 723, 724, 725. Clinical Applications I, II, III (1,1,1) PHAR 726. Information Science (3) PHAR 727. Pharmacy in the Health Care System (4) PHAR 728. Pharmacy Law (3) PHAR 729. Drug Literature Evaluation (3) PHAR 730, 731. PathoBiopharmaceutical Chemistry (2,2) PHAR 733, 734. Pharmaceutics I, II (3,3) PHAR 710. Community Pharmacy Orientation Clerkship (6 credits, 4 weeks) SUMMER Z 441, 442, 443. Advanced Human Anatomy and Physiology Laboratory (2,2,2) Second Professional Year – Corvallis campus PHAR 752, 753, 754. Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry I, II, II (10,10,10) PHAR 740, 741, 742. Pharmacy Practice IV, V, VI (2,2,2) PHAR 743, 744, 745. Clinical Applications IV, V, VI (1,1,1) PHAR 750. Pharmacokinetics (4) PHAR 751. Biopharmaceutics (3) PHAR 746. Pharmacy Management (3) PHAR 711. Institutional Orientation Clerkship (6 credits, 4 weeks) SUMMER Third Professional Year – Portland campus at OHSU PHAR 760. Transitional Clerkship (1) PHAR 761, 762, 763. Pathophysiology and Therapeutics I, II, II (10,10,10) PHAR 764, 765, 766. Pharmacy Practice VII, VIII, IX (1,1,1) PHAR 770. Advanced Pharmacokinetics (4) PHAR 771, 772. Applied Pharmacokinetics I, II (1,1) PHAR 773. Pharmacoeconomics (3) PHAR 774. Drug Policy (4) PHAR 785. Required ClerkshipAmbulatory Primary Care (8 credits, 6 weeks) SUMMER PHAR 790. Required Clerkship-Adult General Internal Medicine (8 credits, 6 weeks) SUMMER Fourth Professional Year – Off-campus Practicum PHAR 795. Required Clerkship-Patient Care Electives (8 credits, 6 weeks) Four additional clerkships required (8 credits, 6 weeks each) Clerkship scheduling is variable. COURSES PHAR 201. PHARMACY ORIENTATION (2). Career opportunities in pharmacy including community and institutional practice, government, and industry. Discussion of available educational pathways. Open to non-pharmacy students. PHAR 210. TERMINOLOGY OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES (2). Provides the student in any of the health science disciplines or pre-professional studies with a working knowledge of the terminology used in the health sciences. Open to non-pharmacy students. 392 Oregon State University PHAR 321. *SCIENCE AND CULTURE OF COSMETICS (3). The history, evolution, culture, and science of cosmetics. Topics include the development, marketing, production, psychology and social issues associated with cosmetic products. PREREQ: Completion of the university’s baccalaureate core perspectives courses in the areas of physical and biological sciences. (Bacc Core Course) PHAR 330. PHARMACEUTICAL NATURAL PRODUCTS (2). Medicinal agents derived from terrestrial and marine plants and animals, their identification, use, and abuse potential. PREREQ: Organic chemistry, biology. PHAR 401/PHAR 5501. RESEARCH (1-16). PREREQ: Departmental approval required. PHAR 403/PHAR 503. THESIS (1-16). PREREQ: Departmental approval required. PHAR 405/PHAR 505. READING AND CONFERENCE (1-16). PREREQ: Departmental approval required. PHAR 407. SEMINAR (1-16). One-credit section untitled graded P/N. PHAR 432. ^WRITING IN THE PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES (2). A writing intensive course emphasizing writing used in pharmacy. PREREQ: Completion of WR II. Must be taken concurrently with PHAR 321. (Writing Intensive Course) PHAR 477. PHARMACOGNOSTICAL TECHNIQUES (3). Laboratory course on current methodology employed in natural products chemistry. PREREQ: Departmental approval required. PHAR 577. PHARMACOGNOSTICAL TECHNIQUES (3). Laboratory course on current methodology employed in natural products chemistry. PHAR 580. PHARMACODYNAMIC AND PHARMACOKINETIC MODELING (3). Evaluation of strengths and weaknesses of mathematical models relative to pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic data. PREREQ: PHAR 750. PHAR 585. DRUG DESIGN (3). Chemical and biochemical concepts and their application in the rational design of drugs and other biologically active molecules. PREREQ: PHAR 425 and senior standing in pharmacy, or senior standing in chemistry or a biological science. PHAR 591. PHARMACOLOGY I (5). Principles of pharmacology; molecular, cellular, and physiologic mechanisms of drug action; pharmacological rationale for therapeutic and toxicologic treatment outcomes. PREREQ: Z 432, Z 443. COREQ: graduate standing. PHAR 592. PHARMACOLOGY II (5). Principles of pharmacology; molecular, cellular, and physiologic mechanisms of drug action; pharmacologic rationale for therapeutic and toxicologic treatment outcomes. PREREQ: PHAR 591. COREQ: graduate standing. PHAR 593. PHARMACOLOGY III (5). Principles of pharmacology; molecular, cellular, and physiologic mechanisms of drug action; pharmacologic rationale for therapeutic and toxicologic treatment outcomes. PREREQ: PHAR 592. COREQ: graduate standing. PHAR 601. RESEARCH (1-16). PHAR 494. PHARMACOLOGY LABORATORY (1-3). May be repeated for credit. PREREQ: PHAR 752. Departmental approval required. PHAR 603. THESIS (1-16). PHAR 507. SEMINAR (1-16). One-credit untitled section graded P/N. PHAR 606. PROJECTS (1-16). PHAR 536. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT (3). Current and novel dosage forms; product stability; therapeutic design. PHAR 537. BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY (3). A contemporary treatment of the chemistry, enzymology and molecular genetics techniques used in studying major natural products biosynthesis pathways in nature. PREREQ: CH 530, CH 531, and CH 535 are required. BB 590, BB 591, and BB 592 are recommended. Offered alternate years. PHAR 540. NATURAL PRODUCTS I: MARINE (3). Description of the natural products and their biological properties from the major phyla of marine life forms. PREREQ: Graduate or senior standing with CH 332, BB 452. PHAR 544. SELECTED TOPICS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY (3). PHAR 564. RECEPTORS AND SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION: ADVANCED TOPICS (3). Advanced concepts and recent developments in receptor pharmacology. Topics include receptor theory and regulation and signal transduction pathways and functions. PREREQ: Instructor’s approval required. Suggested prerequisite MCB 556 or PHAR 591. Offered alternate years. CROSSLISTED as MCB 564. PHAR 571. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH TO BIOPHARMACEUTICS (3). Experimental protocol, rationale, and procedures in clinical pharmacokinetic, pharmacokinetic, and biopharmaceutical experiments. PREREQ: PHAR 750. PHAR 572. APPLIED BIOPHARMACEUTICS AND PHARMACOKINETICS (3). PHAR 573. CURRENT TOPICS IN PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES (1-3). Critical evaluation of contemporary pharmaceutics and pharmacokinetics research articles. PHAR 605. READING AND CONFERENCE (1-16). PHAR 701. RESEARCH AND SCHOLARSHIP (1-8). Research conducted by professional pharmacy students under faculty supervision. PREREQ: Departmental approval required. May be repeated for credit. PHAR 703. THESIS (1-8). Independent study and analysis that culminates in a thesis. PHAR 705. READING AND CONFERENCE (1-8). PREREQ: Departmental approval required. May be repeated for credit. PHAR 710. COMMUNITY PHARMACY ORIENTATION CLERKSHIP (6). Supervised education in community pharmacy practice environments, emphasizing the application of basic pharmaceutical care skills. PREREQ: Second year PharmD standing, Oregon pharmacy intern license, current first aid and CPR certification, College of Pharmacy immunization documentation. Graded P/N. PHAR 711. INSTITUTIONAL ORIENTATION CLERKSHIP (6). Supervised professional education in institutional pharmacy practice environments, emphasizing the application of basic pharmaceutical care skills. PREREQ: Second-year PharmD standing, Oregon pharmacy intern license, current first aid and CPR certification, College of Pharmacy immunization documentation. Graded P/N. PHAR 720/PHAR 721/PHAR 722. PHARMACY PRACTICE I, II, III (3). Basic dispensing procedures, patient communications, nonprescription drugs, clinical data collection, care plans, drug information and education. Fall, Winter, Spring. PHAR 720: Dispensing practices; patient counseling principles; nonprescription drugs. COREQ: PHAR 723. PHAR 721: Interviewing skills; patient drug education; nonprescription drugs. COREQ: PHAR 724, PHAR 730. PREREQ: PHAR 720. PHAR 722: Compounding; collecting a patient health care database. COREQ: PHAR 725, PHAR 731. PREREQ: PHAR 721. PHAR 723/PHAR 724/PHAR 25. CLINICAL APPLICATIONS I, II, III (1). Students are assigned to institutional or ambulatory care pharmacy settings, and experiences emphasize topics and communication methods covered in the corresponding pharmacy practice course. COREQ: PHAR 720 for PHAR 723; PHAR 721 for PHAR 724; PHAR 722 for PHAR 725. Graded P/N. PHAR 726. DRUG LITERATURE EVALUATION (3). Students will learn to critique and evaluate health related scientific journal articles using valid established techniques. PHAR 727. PHARMACY IN THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM (4). Organization, delivery, and financing of health services and public health policy. PHAR 728. PHARMACY LAW (3). Federal and state laws regulating pharmacy practice. PREREQ: PHAR 727. PHAR 729. INFORMATION SCIENCE (3). Students will learn to identify appropriate information resources and will systematically collect, arrange, and analyze pertinent information related to a particular patient or drug product problem. PHAR 730/PHAR 731. PATHOBIOPHARMACEUTICAL CHEMISTRY I, II (2). Recognition of diseases due to biochemical disorders, effects of disease on cell biochemistry, and drugs used in the treatment of selected biochemical disorders, vitamins, diagnostic biochemistry, biochemistry of nutrition. Winter, Spring. PHAR 730 PREREQ: BI 314, CH 336, CH 337, MB 302, MB 303, Z 430, Z 441. COREQ: BB 491. PHAR 731 PREREQ: PHAR 730. COREQ: BB 492. PHAR 733/PHAR 734. PHARMACEUTICS I, II (3). PHAR 733: Preformulation and formulation factors affecting the development, production and use of pharmaceutical dosage forms, including ingredients in, and physical, chemical, and biological properties affecting storage, stability, and handling of dosage forms. PHAR 734: Physical pharmacy with emphasis on formulation requirements for drug dosage forms. PREREQ for PHAR 734: PHAR 733. PHAR 740/PHAR 741/PHAR 744. PHARMACY PRACTICE IV, V, VI (2). Basic physical assessment skills and identification of therapeutic endpoints and monitoring parameters for drugs presented in the medicinal chemistry/pharmacology sequence. Students will gain experience in basic physical assessment skills, interviewing skills, history taking, organizing pharmacy notes, and documenting information. Fall, Winter, Spring. PREREQ: PHAR 722, PHAR 725, PHAR 729, PHAR 734. PHAR 740: COREQ: PHAR 743, PHAR 750, PHAR 752. PHAR 741: PREREQ: PHAR 740. COREQ: PHAR 744, PHAR 751, PHAR 753. PHAR 742: PREREQ: PHAR 741. COREQ: PHAR 745, PHAR 754. Lec/lab. PHAR 743/PHAR 744/PHAR 745. CLINICAL APPLICATIONS IV, V, VI (1). Students are assigned to institutional or ambulatory care pharmacy settings, and experiences emphasize topics and communication methods covered in the corresponding pharmacy practice course. Oregon pharmacy intern license required. PHAR 743: COREQ: PHAR 740. PHAR 744: COREQ: PHAR 741. PHAR 745: COREQ: PHAR 742. Graded P/N. PHAR 746. PHARMACY MANAGEMENT (3). Concepts, principles and fundamentals of pharmacy financial and personnel management. PREREQ: PHAR 727. PHAR 750. PHARMACOKINETICS (4). Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of drugs in clinical care, including changing disease states. PREREQ: PHAR 734. COREQ: PHAR 752. College of Pharmacy PHAR 751. BIOPHARMACEUTICS (3). Preformulation and formulation factors affecting physiological outcomes in terms of bioavailability and drug product selection. PREREQ: PHAR 734. COREQ: PHAR 753. PHAR 770. ADVANCED PHARMACOKINETICS (4). A physiologic approach to understanding advanced pharmacokinetic principles. PREREQ: PHAR 750, PHAR 751; third-year standing in the PharmD program. PHAR 752/PHAR 753/PHAR 754. PHARMACOLOGY AND MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY I, II, III (10). Molecular, cellular and physiologic basis of drug action. Influence of chemical and physical properties in structure-activity relationships. Drug design as it relates to drug metabolism and drug action. Pharmacologic rationale for therapeutic and toxicologic treatment outcomes. PHAR 752: PREREQ: PHAR 726, PHAR 729, PHAR 730, PHAR 731, PHAR 732, PHAR 733, PHAR 735, Z 441, Z 442, Z 443. COREQ: PHAR 740, PHAR 743, PHAR 750. PHAR 753: PREREQ: PHAR 752. COREQ: PHAR 741, PHAR 744, PHAR 751. PHAR 754: PREREQ: PHAR 753. COREQ: PHAR 742, PHAR 745. PHAR 771/PHAR 772. APPLIED PHARMACOKINETICS I, II (1). Literature evaluation and application of pharmacokinetic principles to drug therapy. PHAR 771: PREREQ: PHAR 770. COREQ: PHAR 762. PHAR 772. PREREQ: PHAR 771. COREQ: PHAR 763. PHAR 760.TRANSITIONAL CLERKSHIP (1). Supervised introductory professional education in a variety of health care settings. Emphasis will be on gaining familiarity with the provision of clinical pharmacy services and the patients, health care providers, and administrative procedures of the clinical site. COREQ: PHAR 764, PHAR 765, PHAR 766. Graded P/N. May be repeated for credit. Oregon pharmacy intern license required. PHAR 761/PHAR 762/PHAR 763. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS I, II, III (10). Pathophysiologic basis of disease and drug therapy management. PHAR 761: PREREQ: Third-year standing in the PharmD program, COREQ: PHAR 764. PHAR 762; PREREQ: PHAR 761. COREQ: PHAR 765 AND PHAR 771. PHAR 763; PREREQ: PHAR 762. COREQ: PHAR 766 and PHAR 772. PHAR 764/PHAR 765/PHAR 766. PHARMACY PRACTICE VII, VIII, IX (1). Development of advanced drug therapy care plans for patients with diseases discussed in PHAR 761, PHAR 762, PHAR 763. Students will integrate basic physical assessment skills and interviewing skills to develop comprehensive drug therapy plans PHAR 762. COREQ: PHAR 760, PHAR 761. PHAR 763: COREQ: PHAR 760, PHAR 762. PHAR 764: COREQ: PHAR 760, PHAR 763. Lab. Oregon pharmacy intern license required. PHAR 773. PHARMACOECONOMICS (3). The influence of health care socioeconomists in the provision of traditional and non-traditional pharmacy services. Emphasis will be placed on economic evaluation methods and study design. PREREQ: PHAR 746. PHAR 774. DRUG POLICY (4). The purpose, principles, and techniques of drug use review/ evaluation and medical audits. Emphasis will be placed on criteria development, data collection and analysis, and appropriate interventions in a variety of practice settings. PREREQ: PHAR 773. PHAR 780. COMMUNITY PHARMACY CLERKSHIP (8). Supervised advanced professional education in ambulatory care pharmacy practice environment. Emphasis is placed on the application of direct and indirect pharmaceutical patient care and direct interactions with other health care professionals. Students will evaluate, assess and monitor pharmacotherapy of acute and chronic diseases in addition to providing drug information. PREREQ: PHAR 760, PHAR 763, PHAR 766, PHAR 772, PHAR 774, Oregon pharmacy intern license, current CPR certification, College of Pharmacy immunization documentation. Graded P/N. PHAR 785. AMBULATORY PRIMARY CARE CLERKSHIP (8). Supervised advanced professional education in ambulatory care pharmacy practice environment. Emphasis is placed on the application of direct and indirect pharmaceutical patient care and direct interactions with other health care professionals. Students will evaluate, assess and monitor pharmacotherapy of acute and chronic diseases in addition to providing drug information to patients and health care professionals. PREREQ: PHAR 760, PHAR 763, PHAR 766, PHAR 772, PHAR 774, Oregon pharmacy intern license, current CPR certification, College of Pharmacy immunization documents. Graded P/N. 393 PHAR 790. GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE CLERKSHIP (8). Supervised advanced professional education located in internal medicine inpatient pharmacy practice environment. Emphasis is placed on the application of biomedical and pharmaceutical sciences to direct and indirect pharmaceutical patient care and direct interactions with other health care professionals. Students will evaluate, assess, and monitor pharmacotherapy involved in a wide variety of acute and chronic diseases. In addition, students will provide drug information to other health care professionals and patients. PREREQ: PHAR 760, PHAR 763, PHAR 766, PHAR 772, PHAR 774, Oregon pharmacy intern license, current CPR certification, College of Pharmacy immunization documentation. Graded P/N. PHAR 795. PATIENT CARE ELECTIVE CLERKSHIP (8). Supervised advanced professional education located in various patient care-oriented settings. Emphasis is placed on the application of pharmaceutical sciences and pharmacotherapy to direct and indirect pharmaceutical patient care. Specialties include but are not limited to geriatrics, pediatrics, infectious disease, oncology, general patient care, nutrition support, nuclear pharmacy, home infusion, critical care, anticoagulation, pain management, etc. PREREQ: PHAR 760, PHAR 763, PHAR 766, PHAR 772, PHAR 774, Oregon pharmacy intern license, current CPR certification, College of Pharmacy immunization documentation. Graded P/N. PHAR 797. ELECTIVE CLERKSHIP (8). Supervised advanced professional education located in various pharmacy-oriented settings. Emphasis is placed on the application of pharmaceutical sciences and pharmacotherapy to a variety of environments involving pharmacy. Specialties include but are not limited to managed care, drug information, administration, pharmaceutical research, pharmaceutical industry, professional pharmacy organizations, etc. PREREQ: PHAR 760, PHAR 763, PHAR 766, PHAR 772, PHAR 774, Oregon pharmacy intern license, current CPR certification, College of Pharmacy immunization documentation. Graded P/N. PHAR 799. SELECTED TOPICS (1-16).