Chabot College
Fall 2001
Replaced Fall 2006
Course Outline for Dental Hygiene 57
EXPANDED FUNCTIONS FOR THE DENTAL HYGIENIST
Catalog Description:
57 - Expanded Functions for the Dental Hygienist
2 units
Dental hygiene advanced clinical functions including clinical practice in administration of local anesthetics,
topical anesthetic agents, nitrous oxide/oxygen analgesia and soft tissue curettage. Corequisites: Dental
Hygiene 54 and 81A. 1 hour lecture. 3 hours clinical.
Prerequisite Skills:
None
Corequisite Skills:
Upon completion of the course the student should be able to:
1.
list and compare four drug information reference sources;
2.
differentiate between chemical names, generic names, and trade names of drugs;
3.
define the terms pharmacotherapeutics, pharmacodynamics, and toxicology;
4.
differentiate between the terms potency vs. efficacy; ED vs. LD; onset of action vs. duration of
action;
5.
list and describe (including advantages and disadvantages) the eight major routes of administration
of drugs;
6.
describe the major distribution areas and routes of drugs in the body, including the factors affecting
this distribution;
7.
define the terms summation, additive effects, synergism, and potentiation;
8.
list and describe the three types of drug antagonism;
9.
list and describe the six types of untoward effects of drugs;
10.
identify and describe the five parts of prescription writing;
11.
translate 20 commonly-used Latin abbreviations used in prescription writing;
12.
identify drugs (and drug products) actively prescribed and/or employed in dental and dental hygiene
practice. The student will be able to:
a.
describe their pharmacologic and therapeutic effects including mechanism of action and
adverse effects;
b.
describe their administration and distribution in the body;
c.
list and describe their main clinical uses and side-effects, including dosage ranges and
precautions for use;
d.
classify and list commonly-used preparations (of the drugs) including generic
names and trade names;
e.
compare and contrast the use and efficacy of similar drugs within a
pharmacologic class including their advantages and disadvantages, in clinical use;
13.
Concerning drugs (and drug products) not normally utilized in dental and dental hygiene practice but
capable of presenting a potential dental practice problem when prescribed medically, the student will
be able to describe how these drugs modify a patient's functions and how these modifications
require proper handling of the patient in clinical practice. Specifically, the student will be able to:
a.
describe the pharmacological action and generic therapeutic use of these
drugs with special emphasis on those self-effects and adverse reactions that affect clinical
practice;
b.
describe the major interactions of these drugs and procedures employed and prescribed in
clinical practice;
c.
list and describe clinical precautions to be employed when these drugs are being used
medically by the patient;
14.
recognize signs and symptoms of emergencies involving the child, adolescent, geriatric, and special
needs patient and follow the procedures for the dental hygiene clinic;
15.
scale and root plane teeth using a systematic order, appropriate type, sharp, and correctlycontoured instruments with minimum time and trauma;
Chabot College
Course Outline for Dental Hygiene 57, Page 2
Fall 2001
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
demonstrate the use of ultrasonic scaling instruments for removal of gross deposits on selected
patients;
apply postoperative procedures and instructions for the patient;
select and apply a variety of topical fluoride agents using a variety of methods;
select and apply appropriate desensitizing agents on selected patients;
select and apply appropriate agents for pit and fissure sealants on selected patients;
expose, process, mount and interpret diagnostically acceptable radiographic surveys on clinic
patients;
recognize clinically and discuss the value of preventive dental caries control and the role of the
hygienist in this activity;
demonstrate clinical competency in infection control techniques/prevention of disease transmissions;
apply ethical reasoning to dental hygiene practice;
serve all clients in the community without discrimination;
provide humane and compassionate care to all patients/clients;
demonstrate honesty in relationships with patients/clients, colleagues, and other professionals;
ensure the privacy of the patient/client during treatment and confidentiality of patient/client records;
adhere to state and federal laws governing the practice of dentistry and dental hygiene;
obtain, review, and update vital signs, medical history, family history, social history, and dental
history while recognizing cultural differences in populations;
manage the patient/client chart as a legal document and maintain its accuracy;
determine medical conditions that require special precaution or consideration prior to and/or during
dental hygiene treatment;
identify the patient/client at risk for a medical emergency and manage the patient/client care to
prevent an emergency;
perform a comprehensive examination using clinical, radiographic periodontal and dental charting, as
well as other data collection procedures to assess the patient's/client's needs;
determine priorities and establishe oral health goals with the patient/client and/or guardian as an
active participant;
establishe a planned sequence of educational and clinical services based on the dental hygiene
diagnosis, including etiology, prognosis, and treatment alternatives;
obtain the patient's/client's informed consent based on a thorough case presentation;
make appropriate referrals to other health care professionals;
uses accepted infection control procedures;
provide an environment conducive to health by applying basic and advanced principles of dental
hygiene instrumentation without causing trauma to hard or soft tissue;
control pain and anxiety during treatment through the use of accepted clinical and behavioral
management strategies;
select and administer the appropriate antimicrobial or antibiotic agent with pre- and post-treatment
instructions;
provide adjunct dental hygiene services that can be legally performed in the State of California;
evaluate the effectiveness of planned clinical and education services and modify as necessary;
determine the appropriate maintenance schedule;
provide subsequent treatment or referrals based on evaluation of findings.
Note: The drugs referred to in #12 and #13, above, belong to the classes described
Expected Outcomes for Students:
Upon completion of the course the student should be able to:
1.
assess a patient's medical and dental history and devise a sequential treatment plan so the patient is
treated completely and efficiently;
2.
assess patients’ medical history to determine their suitability to receive local anesthesia and
determine what precautions if any should be taken prior to administering local anesthetic;
3.
discuss methods of anxiety control and articulate methods of introduction of local anesthetic and
nitrous oxide/oxygen analgesia;
Chabot College
Course Outline for Dental Hygiene 57, Page 3
Fall 2001
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
identify the advantages and disadvantages of administering local anesthesia and nitrous
oxide/oxygen analgesia in the practice of dental hygiene;
identify the indications and contraindications to administering local anesthesia and nitrous
oxide/oxygen analgesia;
identify the complications which may result from the administration of anesthetic agents and the
proper management or emergency procedures to use in response to these complications;
calculate the maximum safe dosage of local anesthetic for any given patient;
identify the armamentarium required for administration of local anesthetic;
identify which nerve, teeth, and soft tissue structures are anesthetized for each of the intraoral
injections;
successfully administer local anesthesia following procedural guidelines;
identify the advantages and disadvantages of using nitrous oxide/oxygen analgesia in the practice of
dental hygiene;
describe the signs and symptoms of nitrous oxide/oxygen analgesia;
identify the components, safety features and recommended maintenance of the nitrous
oxide/oxygen analgesia;
describe and demonstrate the procedures for administering nitrous oxide/oxygen analgesia;
successfully administer nitrous oxide/oxygen following procedural guidelines;
identify the goals and rationale for soft tissue curettage procedures;
assess patients’ medical history to determine their suitability to have soft tissue curettage procedures
and determine what precautions if any should be taken prior to performing soft tissue curettage;
identify the armamentarium required for soft tissue curettage procedures;
describe the stages of the healing process and explain any possible interferences;
document dental hygiene expanded functions according to course guidelines;
identify safety measures to prevent occupational exposure during the administration of nitrous
oxide/oxygen analgesia and local anesthesia.
Course Content:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Review of head and neck anatomy, trigeminal nerve and its branches
Local anesthetic agents: topical and local
Patient assessment and anesthetic agents selection
Dental emergencies
Nitrous oxide/oxygen analgesia
Indications and contraindications of expanded functions:
a.
Local anesthetic
b.
Nitrous oxide/oxygen analgesia
c.
Soft tissue curettage
Administration of nitrous oxide/oxygen analgesia
Administration of local anesthetics
Soft tissue curettage
Treatment planning of advanced functions
Periodontal dressings
Suturing
Methods of Presentation:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Lecture
Discussion
Demonstration and return demonstration
Audiovisual aids
Assignments and Methods of Evaluating Student Progress:
1.
Typical Assignments
a.
Chapter outline worksheets
Chabot College
Course Outline for Dental Hygiene 57, Page 4
Fall 2001
2.
Methods of Evaluating Student Progress
a.
Pre-practical Quizzes
b.
Case Based Midterm Examination
c.
Case Based Final Examination
d.
Proficiency Examinations
Textbook(s)(Typical):
Handbook of Local Anesthesia, Malamed, C.V. Mosby, 1997
Special Student Materials:
1.
2.
3.
Protective clothing, eyewear, gloves, mask
Local anesthetic syringe
Instrument kit
tms, Disk 20, A:\DH Outlines 2000\DH 57
Revised; 12-1-00