e d i t o r ’s n o t e
卷 首 語
Overseas internships help develop global vision
海外實習拓寬國際視野
I
nternship programmes are an integral part of students’ learning experience at City
University of Hong Kong (CityU). They give students an opportunity to apply what
they have learned in the classroom to the world of work and help them develop a
more globalized vision. Share the experience of four students who are energized by such
international internship programmes (page 12).
That students can develop into much-sought-after professionals in the real world is
inseparable from the indefatigable nurturing by a group of top teachers who excel in
scientific research, including Professor (Chair) Nora Tam Fung-yee, of the Department
of Biology and Chemistry, who specializes in environmental biotechnology for coastal
pollution control and mangrove conservation (page 20); Dr Andy Chun Hon-wai,
Associate Professor in the Department of Computer Science, who transforms our lives
with his incredible innovations in artificial intelligence (page 24); and Dr Liu Wenyin and Professor Deng Xiaotie of the Department of Computer Science, who have
designed smart technologies to combat web phishing (page 28).
CityU’s dedication to basic and applied research impressed a renowned scientist from
mainland China, Professor Han Qide, Chairman of the China Association of Science
and Technology, who exchanged views on converting technological innovations into
commercial products with members of the University’s senior management, headed
by CityU president, Professor H K Chang, during a recent visit (page 11). The University’s
achievements are recognized internationally not only in the individual awards staff and
students have won in various competitions, but also in its global rankings: at 154th in the
top 200 world universities in 2006 (pages 5-8).
習計劃是香港城市大學（城大）
實
學生學習生活不可缺少的一個環
節，不僅可讓學生將課堂學到的
知識應用於實際，而且有助於培養國際化
的視野。請閱讀四位同學分享國際實習體
驗的文章（第12頁）。
學生之所以能夠成為社會迫切需求的專業
人士，有賴於一眾在科學研究上成績優異
的城大教師孜孜不倦的培育，其中包括專
門研究沿岸污染控制和紅樹林保育環境生
物科技的生物及化學系譚鳳儀講座教授
（第20頁）、以應用人工智能改造我們生
活的電腦科學系副教授陳漢偉博士（第24
頁），以及設計出智能科技打擊網路詐騙
的電腦科學系劉文印博士和鄧小鐵教授
（第28頁）。
內地著名科學家中國科協主席韓啟德教授
在近期訪問城大時表示，城大的基礎與應
用研究給他留下深刻印象。訪問期間，由
城大校長張信剛教授率領的大學高級管理
層與來訪者探討了如何將科研成果轉化為
商品的議題（第11頁）。大學的成就獲得
Meanwhile, Dr Kam Ping-kwong of the Department of Applied Social Studies conveys
how social workers should hold on to values and faiths in a recent book he co-authored
and co-edited: Hold on to your Faith — 30 Letters to Social Work Students (page 34).
國際認同，既在教師和學生於比賽中獲得
的各種獎項中得到體現，更在世界200強學
府排名中突現出來，今年躍升至第154名
（第5-8頁）。
We are also presenting a collage of 2006 Congregation (page 18), one session of which
was presided by the Chancellor of CityU and the Chief Executive of the HKSAR,
the Honourable Donald Tsang Yam-kuen (page 4). Professor H K Chang, University
President, congratulated the new graduates on the occasion. ■
與此同時，應用社會科學系副教授甘炳光
博士則在他與同事合作創作與編輯的社工
書籍中表達了社工應如何堅守價值與信念
的理念。該書書名為：《堅守信念 — 給社
工學生的30封信》（第34頁）。
在本期《今日城大》中，我們還專門刊登
了一組「2006學位頒授典禮」跨頁圖（第
18頁）。11月15日的典禮，邀得大學監
督、香港特別行政區行政長官曾蔭權先生
主禮（第4頁）。校長張信剛教授於典禮上
Victor Fung 馮強
向畢業生致賀。■
Editor-in-Chief 總編輯
December 十二月 2006
Preparing graduates for a globalized world
裝備畢業生迎接全球化挑戰
T
hrough its provision of quality professional education, CityU produced 9,178
graduates at the 2006 Congregation which was held from 9 to 17 November.
港城市大學2006學位頒授典禮於
香
11月9至17日舉行。城大一向致力
提供優質專業教育，今年為社會
In total, there were 91 doctor of philosophy
degrees, plus six engineering doctorates; 112
master of philosophy degrees; 1,917 master’s
degrees; 387 postgraduate diplomas/certificates;
3,602 bachelor’s degrees; and 409 associate
deg rees. The Community College of City
University conferred 2,654 associate degrees.
In the session on 15 November presided over
by the Chancellor of CityU and the Chief
Executive of the HKSAR the Honourable
Donald Tsang Yam-kuen, honorary degrees
we re c o n f e r re d u p o n t h re e p ro m i n e n t
community leaders, namely Mr Liu Changle,
Chair man and Chief Executive Officer of
Mr Donald Tsang, Chancellor of CityU
Phoenix Satellite Television Holdings Ltd;
大學監督曾蔭權先生
Mr Xu Guanhua, Minister of Science and
Technology of China; and Professor Rosie
Tse-tse Young, Honorary Professor in medicine at the University of Hong Kong. Dr
Norman Leung Nai-pang, Pro-Chancellor; Mr Chung Shui-ming, Council Chairman,
and other members of the Council attended this session.
培育了9,178名畢業生。
在9,178名應屆畢業生中，91人獲頒哲學博
士學位、6人獲頒工程學博士學位、112人
獲哲學碩士學位、1,917人獲碩士學位、387
人獲深造文憑/證書、3,602人獲學士學位、
409人獲副學士學位。同時，2,654人獲城大
專上學院頒授副學士學位。
11月15日的典禮邀得大學監督、香港特區
行政長官曾蔭權先生主禮，頒授榮譽博士
學位予鳳凰衛視控股有限公司主席兼行政
總裁劉長樂先生、國家科學技術部部長徐
冠華先生，以及香港大學名譽內科教授楊
紫芝教授。大學副監督梁乃鵬博士、校董
會主席鍾瑞明先生以及其他校董會成員亦
出席了當天的典禮。
校長張信剛教授於典禮上致辭時囑咐畢業
生要以積極的態度面對全球化的挑戰。他
說：「各位畢業同學，這便是你們正要進
In his address, Professor H K Chang, University President, said each professional worker
was potentially an equal competitor in the new age of globalization. “Dear graduates, this
is the field of competition you are entering. It is as if you have been selected to compete
in the 2028 Olympic Games.
But do not let that prospect scare
you. You have been given the
necessary preparation at CityU
for this type of competition.”
入的競爭場所，就好像你們獲選在2028年
的奧運會中競賽，事先卻不知道參賽的項
目。可是，千萬不要被這個可能出現的情
景嚇怕，因為你們在
城市大學已得到充分
的準備足以應付這種
競爭。」
徐冠華先生代表榮譽
In his note of thanks, Mr Xu said
that it was an immense honour
to be confer red an honorar y
degree by CityU. “Today is a day
that Mr Liu Changle, Professor
Rosie Young and I will never
forget. We will adhere to CityU’s
motto Officium et Civitas and let
it be our common inspiration,”
he added.
博 士 致 辭 表 示 ：「 這
一時刻對於我、劉長
樂總裁和楊紫芝教授
來說，是一生都難忘
的日子，我們將恪守
城大『敬業樂群』
之校訓，與大家共
勉！」
From left: Dr Xu Guanhua, Professor Rosie Young, Mr Chung Sui-ming, Mr Donald
Tsang, Dr Norman Leung, Professor H K Chang, Dr Liu Changle
左起：徐冠華博士、楊紫芝教授、鍾瑞明先生、曾蔭權先生、梁乃鵬博士、張信剛教授、劉長樂博士。
CityU surges to 154th in global rankings
城大躍居全球頂尖大學第154名
C
ityU has surged up the rankings of the world’s most prestigious educational
institutions, according to a survey compiled by The Times Higher Education
Supplement this year. The University leapt 24 places to 154th this year in the
ranking of the world’s top 200 universities. In addition, it jumped 40 places to 53rd this
year in the world’s top social science universities, and five places to 85th in the world’s
top technology institutions.
港城市大學在《泰晤士報高等教
香
育特刊》今年公佈的世界200強學
府排名中躍升24位，至第154名。
與此同時，城大在世界頂尖社會科學大學
排名中亦大幅躍升40位，至第53名；在世
界頂尖科技學府排名中，城大躍升5位，至
第85名。
“The recognition once again reflects the top quality of CityU’s teaching and research,”
said Professor H K Chang, University President.
城大校長張信剛教授說：「排名再次反映
城大教學及研究均達高水平，很高興見到
The rankings were a great achievement for the Faculty and CityU Professor Martin
Painter, Acting Dean of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, said, “We are now
firmly established in the world scene as a leading university in the social sciences.”
“We are encouraged because the rankings reflect the steady progress we have been
making over the years,” said Professor Chan Chi-hou, Dean of the Faculty of Science
and Engineering, who considered the results a major boost.
The Times Higher Education Supplement is a weekly publication based in the UK dedicated
to serving the global higher education community. The rankings, released for the third
time since 2004, are based on the results of a survey of 3,703 academics, using peer
review (40%), graduate employability (10%), an international outlook (10%), teaching
quality (20%) and research quality (20%) as the criteria.
我們的進步獲得國際認同。」
人文及社會科學學院署理院長平邁天教授
說，排名躍升對學院和城大來說，都是一
項重大的成就。他說：「我們在香港及世
界上，已穩佔社會科學領域上的領先地
位。」
科學及工程學院院長陳志豪教授說：「我
們在教學和研究上的卓越成果一再獲得
《泰晤士報高等教育特刊》認同，是一種
鼓舞。特別令人感到欣慰的是，有關排名
反映我們正在不斷進步。」
《泰晤士報高等教育特刊》是一份面向全
球高等教育社群的刊物，每周於英國出
版。這次世界最佳學府排名是該刊物自
2004年以來第三次公佈的調查結果。調查
結果是根據全球3,703名學者的評審意見選
出的。評審標準包括同業間的評價(40%)、
畢業生就業能力(10%)、國際視野(10%)、教
Rank
in
Ίω gs
學水平(20%)及研究水平(20%)。
Creative talents make their mark
創作才華獲國際認同
C
olleagues and students at the School
of Creative Media (SCM) are gaining
increasing recognition both in Hong
Kong and overseas through their success in
international events and competitions.
The film After This Our Exile, directed by
Mr Patrick Tam
Ms Heiward Mak
Ms Judy Ma
veteran filmmaker Mr Patrick Tam Ka-ming,
譚家明
麥曦茵
馬平安
Assistant Professor in SCM, won an impressive
大創意媒體學院的教學人員和學
array of international awards, including Best Feature Film, Best Leading Actor and Best
生，近來在國際電影盛事和比賽
Supporting Actor, at the 43rd Golden Horse Awards in Taipei in November. The film also
中屢獲殊榮，創作才華在本地及
won the Best Asian Film Award and the Award for the Best Artistic Contribution at the 海外一再獲得認同。
19th Tokyo International Film Festival in October.
城
After This Our Exile is a joint effort between Mr Tam and some of his former students.
The story focuses on the awkward relationship between a father and son after the mother
abandons the family.
Thanks to extensive contacts in the film industry, Mr Tam helps students to find work in
production companies where they can apply what they have learnt in class to the business
of making films. He recently helped Ms Heiward Mak Hei-yan, a graduate from SCM,
to land a scriptwriting job in the local movie Men Suddenly in Black 2.
Meanwhile, an animation feature entitled Gilbert by Ms Judy Ma Ping-on, a recent
graduate from SCM, was awarded the Technical Excellence Award at the 3rd Korea
International Youth Film Festival in October 2006. The theme was “Dream” and there
were over 200 entries from across Asia, including Hong Kong, mainland China, Japan
and South Korea, from which 24 works were short-listed. Two of them were from Hong
Kong, both from SCM.
資深製片人、創意媒體學院助理教授譚家
明先生執導的電影《父子》，分別於11月
在台北舉行的第43屆金馬影展贏得「最佳
劇情片」、「最佳男主角」及「最佳男配
角」三項大獎，以及於10月份在第19屆東
京國際電影節贏得「最佳亞洲電影獎」和
「最佳藝術貢獻大獎」兩項大獎。
是次獲獎作品《父子》是譚先生與畢業學
生集體創作、編寫而成，講述一個性格粗
暴的廚師被妻子拋棄後，重新面對與兒子
溝通和共同生存的處境。透過父子從關愛
到對立的關係，強調家庭教育對於子女成
長的重要性。
透過他本人在電影界建立的人脈關係，譚
家明經常引薦學生參與電影製作的工作，
把課堂知識應用於真實的工作環境。最
近，他成功引薦應屆畢業生麥曦茵參與本
港電影「大丈夫2」的編劇工作，讓她充分
發揮所學的故事敍述技巧。
與此同時，創意媒體學院應屆畢業生馬平
安以動畫片《Gilbert》奪得2006年10月在南
韓舉行的第三屆大韓民國國際青少年電影
節「技術獎」。本屆電影節以「夢」為主
題，參賽作品逾200部，分別來自香港、內
地、日本及南韓等亞洲國家及地區，最後
有24部作品入圍，其中香港佔兩部，均屬
城大創意媒體學院學生的作品。
CityU wins big in HKICT Awards
城大揚威首屆香港資訊及通訊科技獎
C
ityU has emerged as the big winner in the first Hong Kong Information and
Communications Technology (HKICT) Awards, clinching 10 awards in all.
港城市大學於首屆香港資訊及通訊
香
科技獎展覽會成為大贏家，囊括十
個獎項。
ALTAI Technologies
Limited, a company
established by four
CityU graduates,
performed strongly
w i t h t h e A 8 Wi F i
Cellular Base Station
p ro j e c t , c l i n c h i n g
not only the Wireless
Technology Grand
Award and Innovative
Te c h n o l og y G o l d
Aw a r d , b u t e v e n
more impressively
the Award of the Year.
Vicker Leung ChiVicker Leung wins eYouth Grand Award with his software FLABER.
yiu, a graduate from 梁之耀憑FLABER軟件獲數碼青年大獎。
the Department
of Computer Science, received the eYouth Grand Award and Software Gold Award for
FLABER, a software which uses a simple drag-and-drop interface to exploit a full range
of animation and interactive features available through Flash.
由製造工程及工程
管理學系四位畢業
生成立的奧泰爾科
技有限公司，憑其
研發的A8 W i F i蜂
窩式智能基站獲得
無線科技大獎及創
新科技金獎，並勇
奪最高榮譽的全年
大獎。A8基站能有
效減低開放頻譜中
的訊號干擾，提供
廣闊覆蓋範圍，使
用戶享有流動寬頻
網絡服務。
另外，電腦科學系
應屆畢業生梁之
耀，憑其設計的軟件「FLABER」獲得數碼
青年大獎及軟件金獎。FLABER方便用家透
過拖曳不同物件的介面，輕鬆使用Flash各種
動畫及互動設計，電子工程學系畢業生王嘉
Oliver Wong Ka-wai and Chiu Leung, a graduate and a PhD student in the
Department of Electronic Engineering respectively, won the eYouth Hardware Gold
Award with a project entitled “Retro-directive Arrays for Mobile Communications
Systems”. This project provides simple, low-cost RF front-end solutions for current and
future wireless communications systems.
煒及博士生趙樑憑「逆向天線在移動通訊的
應用」，為無線通訊問題提供簡單而低成本
的解決方法，獲得數碼青年硬件金獎。
同時，電腦學系的碩士生鄧智聰協助其公司
智能互動媒體實驗室有限公司製作名為「移
Alex Tang Chi-chung, an MPhil graduate from the Department of Computer Science,
helped his company Intelligence Frontier Media Laboratory Limited to clinch the Digital
Entertainment Grand Award, Digital Entertainment Software Award and a Certificate of
Merit for Best Technology for “Moving Music”.
動音樂」的電腦視頻互動遊戲，奪得數碼娛
樂大獎、數碼娛樂軟件獎及最佳技術優異證
書。城大商學院的「電子手帳計劃」致力營
造先進科技教學環境，促進學生學習，獲得
電子學習優異證書。
CityU’s Faculty of Business won an eLearning Certificate of Merit for the PDA Learning
and Interaction Platform, which allows students in large classes to answer teachers’
questions and the teachers to give instant feedback.
The HKICT Awards are supported by the Office of the Government Chief Information
Officer and aim at encouraging local practitioners to develop innovative and creative
ICT solutions.
香港資訊及通訊科技獎由政府資訊科技總監
辦公室支持，旨在表揚及推廣香港資訊及通
訊科技業的卓越成就，同時鼓勵業界開發創
新的方案。
Student wins prestigious Fulbright award
學生榮獲富布賴特獎學金
A
n electronic engineer ing student from the Department of Electronic
Engineering has been awarded a prestigious Fulbright Science and Technology
Fellowship from the US Department of State.
大電子工程學系學生陳嘉澍，獲
城
美國國務院頒發富布賴特科技獎
學金。他是全球27名得獎者之
一，更是全港唯一一位獲此殊榮的學
Chen Jiashu, a Year 3 student, is among 27 awardees
worldwide, and the only one from Hong Kong, to receive
this honour, which is given to outstanding foreign students
who demonstrate unique aptitude and innovation in the
fields of science.
生。此獎學金授予科學領域表現出
獨特才能和創意的學生。
陳嘉澍將獲資助到美國科技或
工程上顯赫有名的學府修讀博
Chen Jiashu
The award will sponsor Jiashu to pursue his PhD study at one 陳嘉澍
of the top US institutions in science, technology or engineering upon graduation from
CityU. Jiashu plans to undertake further research in radio frequency integrated circuit
(RFIC) design, the topic for his final-year project in which he explores ways to enhance
the performance of integrated circuits in wireless communication devices. Professor
(Chair) Chan Chi-hou of Electronic Engineering, Dean of the Faculty of Science
and Engineering; and Dr Xue Quan, Associate Professor in the Department of the
department of Electronic Engineering, acted as Jiashu’s final-year project supervisor and
co-supervisor respectively.
士研究課程。他計劃繼續鑽研
「無線射頻集成電路」設計，而
這正是他畢業習作的主題，主要研究如
何提升集成電路在無線通訊設備中的功
能。電子工程學系講座教授兼科學及工
程學院院長陳志豪教授，及電子工程學
系副教授薛泉博士，分別是陳嘉澍畢業
習作的導師和副導師。
CityU enterprises shine at the Hong Kong Electronics Fair
城大企業星耀亞洲電子展
T
wo dynamic young companies under CityU Enterprises have been honoured
with major awards, including the overall top prize, by the Hong Kong
Electronic Industries Association (HKIEA) at the Hong Kong Electronics Fair
2006.
大企業屬下的兩家公司在香港電
城
子業商會主辦的2006年香港電子
產品展中榮獲幾項大獎。
千里眼集團和城動科技（香港）有限公司分
The TeleEye Group and
DynaCity Technology
wo n G o l d Awa r d s i n
the HKIEA awards for
Outstanding Innovation
and Technology Products
2006 in the categories of
“Security Products” and
“Par ts/Components”,
respectively.
別在「保安產品」和「零件/部件」兩類項
目中，奪得2006年香港電子業商會創新科
技產品獎金獎。
自2001年5月在香港聯合交易所創業板上
市的千里眼集團，憑TeleEye RX系列視像
錄影傳送器奪得全場大
獎。該產品具備全
球首創的多重串
Award-winning products from TeleEye (in circle)
and DynaCity.
T h e Te l e E y e G r o u p
兩家城大企業的獲獎產品：（上）城動科技的運動控制產品和
wa s a l s o awa rd e d t h e （圓圖）千里眼集團的視象產品。
overall Grand Prize for
its TeleEye RX Series Video Recording Transmitter that contains the SMAC-M video
compression technology, the first multi-rate video coder in the world. The Group has
been listed on the Growth Enterprise Market in the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong
Limited since May 2001.
流視像壓縮技術
（SMAC-M）。
CityU dedicates student residential hall to Jockey Club
學生宿舍命名賽馬會群萃堂
C
ityU has dedicated a student residential hall to The Hong Kong Jockey Club
Charities Trust in appreciation of its generous donations to support the Student
Hostels Project.
T h e Tr u s t h a s d o n a t e d ove r
$180 million to the University’s
development, including over $125
million towards the construction
of the three-phase development
of the Student Hostels Project.
Speaking at the Jockey Club
Harmony Hall naming ceremony
o n 2 6 O c t o b e r, M r C h u n g From left: Professor H K Chang, Mr Chung Sui-ming,
Shui-ming, Chair man of the Mr T Brian Stevenson and Mr William Yiu
University Council of CityU, said 左起：張信剛教授、鍾瑞明先生、T Brian Stevenson先生、
饒恩培先生
the University would be able to
provide accommodation for 2,900 students in nine residential blocks upon completion of the
first three phases of the Student Hostels Project.
港城市大學以賽馬會群萃堂為學
香
生宿舍命名，以表彰香港賽馬會
慈善信託基金對支持城大興建學
生宿舍和推動全人教育的貢獻。
香港賽馬會十分認同城大致力培育學生潛能
的辦學理念，先後共捐款逾一億八千萬元資
助大學多個發展項目，其中逾一億二千五百
萬元用作興建首三期學生宿舍。
城大校董會主席鍾瑞明先生在10月26日
舉行的命名典禮上表示，現已完成的首
三期學生宿舍發展計劃，共建有九座宿
舍，可供2,900名學生入住。香港賽馬會
董事施文信先生表示，該會欣賞城大提
供具國際水平的優質高等教育，為社會
培育未來棟樑。
Mr T Brian Stevenson, Steward of The Hong Kong Jockey Club, said the Club
appreciated the efforts CityU was making to groom future leaders through the provision
of quality higher education.
World-renowned architect Daniel Libeskind lectures at CityU
著名建築師主講傑出學人講座
I
nternationally-renowned architect Mr Daniel Libeskind shared his unique insights
into the art of architecture with over 400 guests at a Distinguished Lecture on 20
October at CityU. Mr Libeskind
is the architect behind the landmark
C re a t ive M e d i a C e n t re, C i t y U ’s
nine-storey building to be located in
Cornwall Street. He is also the master
plan architect of the new World Trade
Centre in New York.
Kicking off the lecture, Professor
H K Chang, University President,
complimented Mr Libeskind on his
exciting blueprints for the Creative
Media Centre, emphasizing that the
design reflected the mission of the Mr Daniel Libeskind
School of Creative Media, which is to Daniel Libeskind先生
become a hub for nurturing creative media talent for the region. After completion, the
building would symbolize Hong Kong’s position as an industry leader in creative media,
Professor Chang said.
際知名建築師D a n i e l
國
Libeskind先生於10月
20日應香港城市大學
校長張信剛教授的邀請，到城大
主講傑出學人講座，與400多位
在場人士分享他在建築設計方面
的心得及其對建築藝術的獨特理
念。Daniel Libeskind先生是即將
座落於歌和老街、樓高九層的城
大創意媒體大樓的計設師，他同
時亦是重建美國紐約新世貿中心
的總策劃建築師。
張教授在會上介紹Libeskind先生
出場時，讚賞創意媒體大樓的優
秀設計能夠凸顯創意媒體學院的
使命，即成為亞太地區培養媒
體創作人才的樞紐。建成後，創意媒體大
樓將象徵香港推動創意工業的領先地位。
“A” students awarded
獎勵優才生
T
wenty-eight students were awarded
A+++ Scholarships on 7 November
at a presentation ceremony officiated by
Professor H K Chang (centre), University
President. The A+++ Scholarship Schemes
were launched this year to reward new
students who have registered outstanding
academic and sporting achievements.
八位學生在11月7日舉行的「A+++獎
廿
學金」計劃頒獎禮中獲獎。頒獎儀式
由校長張信剛教授主禮。有關計劃於本年
度首次成立，旨在獎勵學習成績及體育方
面均有卓越表現的新生。
Researching wave energy to improve the environment
海浪能發電研究改善環境
A
research team from the Department of Electronic Engineering at CityU has
been awarded a grant worth $119,000 by the Hongkong Electric Clean Energy
Fund to support the development of the Wave Energy Collector.
10
城
有限公司成立的「港燈清新能源
基金」撥款11萬9千港元，資助進
行海浪能收集裝置的研究及發展，探索在
The research team—Dr Yeung Lam-fat, Dr Robin Bradbeer and Mr Paul Hodgson—
will install the Wave Energy Collector in the Hoi Ha Wan Marine Life Centre run by the
WWF Hong Kong.
Wave energy is a renewable
e n e r g y, l i ke s o l a r o r w i n d
energy. The idea is that energy
can be produced from these
abundant natural resources or
help reduce the consumption
of fossil fuels which cause
a i r p o l l u t i o n . T h e Wa v e
Energy Collector will provide
invaluable information about
the feasibility of applying wave
energy in Hong Kong.
大電子工程學系獲得由香港電燈
香港發展海浪能的可行性。
由楊林發博士帶領的研究小組成員包括同
系的羅彬副教授及Paul Hodgson先生。整
個裝置將會設於世界自然基金會香港分會
的海下灣海洋生物中心。
海浪能與太陽能及風力發電一樣，同屬可
再生能源。利用自然環境中蘊藏的大量天
然資源發電，可減少化石燃料的消耗及其
帶來之污染。
The Wave Energy Collector will be installed in Hoi Ha
Wan Marine Life Centre
海浪能收集裝置將設於海下灣海洋生物中心。
Chinese scientists visit CityU
中國科協主席韓啟德訪問城大
A
six-member delegation from the China Association of Science and Technology,
led by its Chair man Professor
Han Qide, visited CityU on 7
November.
11月7日，城大校長張信剛教授率領常務副
校長唐叔賢教授及副校長（研
究）王世全教授等多位大學管
理層高級主管歡迎人大常委會
副委員長、中國科協主席韓啟
The delegation was war mly welcomed
by members of the University’s senior
management team, including Professor H K
Chang, CityU President; Professor David
Tong Shuk-yin, Deputy President; and
Professor Roderick Wong Sue-cheun,
Vice-President (Research).
德教授等一行六人訪問城大。
韓教授為中國科學院院士，今
年5月當選為中國科協第七屆
全國委員會主席，他說城大給
他的印象十分深刻，將基礎研
究與現代應用研究結合得十分
完美，效果顯著。
Professor Han, an academician at the Professor Han Qide (middle left) tours CityU, accompanied
Chinese Academy of Sciences and Vice- by Professor H K Chang (middle right).
訪問團與城大各院院長及系主
Chairman of the National People’s Congress 韓啟德教授（中左）在張信剛教授（中右）陪同下參觀城大。
任作了互動式溝通。雙方對如何將大學科
Standing Committee, said that he was impressed with CityU’s dedication to basic and
研成果轉化成生產力這個主題很感興趣，
applied research that had contributed to the University’s recent outstanding achievements.
相互探討了對方的做法和經驗。
CityU faculty deans and department heads exchanged views with the delegation on
converting technological innovations into commercial products, a topic that interested
both parties.
Forum to promote discussion on GST
研討會探討開徵銷售稅
C
ityU hosted a public for um
entitled “Goods and Services
Tax (GST): Visions or Missions
Impossible?” to promote discussion on
introducing GST in Hong Kong.
大於11月18日舉行「開徵商品及
城
服務稅（簡稱銷售稅）：不可能
的任務？」研討會，促進社會人
士對這個議題的討論。
財經事務及庫務局局長馬時亨先生應邀出
Mr Frederick Ma Si-hang, Secretary for
Financial Services and the Treasury, talked
about the Government’s vision for GST
after which CityU academics Professor
(Chair) Stephen Cheung Yan-leung of
the Department of Economics and Finance,
From left: Professor Julia Tao, Professor Stephen
Professor Julia Tao Lai Po-wah, Director
Cheong, Mr Frederick Ma, Professor Anthony
Cheung
of the Governance in Asia Research Centre,
左起：陶黎寶華教授、張仁良教授、馬時亨先生、張炳良教授
and Professor Martin Painter, Acting Dean
of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences discussed GST from the perspectives of
economics, ethics and social policy at a roundtable discussion.
席研討會，陳述了政府開徵銷售稅的願
景。城大學者則分別從經濟、倫理及政策
角度剖析銷售稅，講者包括亞洲管治研究
中心主任陶黎寶華教授，經濟及金融學系
張仁良講座教授，以及人文及社會科學學
院署理院長平邁天教授。
此外，三名海外學者亦在會上講述南韓、
新加坡和澳洲開徵銷售稅的經驗，作為香
港的借鑒。
The forum also featured a session about the experience of introducing GST in South
Korea, Singapore and Australia.
11
Students
energized by
international
internships
國際實習體驗引領學生啟航
By Regina Lau 劉淑君
Whether they are conducting fieldwork on the open prairies of North America,
promoting merchandise at the world’s top tourist destinations or developing
stories for a major TV news channel in Beijing, undergraduates from City
University of Hong Kong (CityU) have absorbed a wealth of memorable
experiences this summer on internship programmes with institutions and
enterprises outside Hong Kong.
12
無論是在美國的野外搜集動物標本，在主題公園售賣紀念品，或是
在北京的電視台製作新聞節目，城大多名本科生今年暑假在香港以
外地區多個機構及企業實習，獲得了充實難忘的經驗。他們把課堂
知識應用於實際工作環境，在體驗不同地區的生活文化之餘，並進
一步確認了自己的事業方向。
13
100
150
200
250
300
350
Students use these faculty-based programmes to apply what they learn in the classroom
at CityU on their undergraduate degree programmes to the world of work, thus getting
a taste of life within a culture which is often very different to their own plus clearer
perspectives on the nature and direction of their future careers.
提起今年這個不一樣的暑假，他們都顯得
很興奮，好像有說不完的故事。
野外考察樂趣多
生物及化學系的同學鄧藝康和周讌雯，今
Now back from their summer stints, four CityU undergraduates, still energized by their
internships, share their stories.
年被派往美國密歇根州大學的動物學系，
協助一個環境研究項目進行樣本
搜集及化驗分析工作，研究當地
Lessons learned from fun in the wild
一家生產塑膠的工廠所排放的二
Harry Tang Ngai-hong and Carmen Chow Yin-man, students in
the Department of Biology and Chemistry in the Faculty of Science
and Engineering, spent their two-month summer internship at the
Department of Zoology at Michigan State University investigating the
ecological impact of dioxins emitted from a local plastics factory. The
project meant they had to tough it out for four weeks in the North
American wilderness, climbing trees, scaling hills and wading through
rivers under a baking hot sun in pursuit of birds, insects and fish which
they would collect and later analyze back at the lab.
噁英對生態環境的影響。兩個月
的實習期內，他們有機會在野外
的營地露宿，以及到大學教職員
家庭寄宿，體驗與香港截然不同
的生活。
實習期內，有整整一個月時
間 ，鄧 藝 康 和 周 讌 雯 的 主 要 任
Carmen Chow Yin-man
周讌雯
“We had a limited supply of water at the camp site and could only take
a bath every two or three days,” Harry says. “So after catching birds and
insects we usually just wiped our hands on our clothes because we didn’t have enough water
for washing. And we often had to work right through the
night with little sleep to collect the specimens.” But then
the young man smiles as he recalls the experience. “To
be honest, I didn’t think I’d be able to cope with all the
hardships, but now I feel I can meet any challenges in life
head on!”
務是在野外捕捉鳥雀、昆蟲和
魚，搜集研究用的標本。他們
須在烈日下爬樹、攀山和涉
水，工作毫不輕鬆。「因為露營的地方
水源不足，我們只能兩、三日才洗一次
澡。很多情況下，捉完鳥雀、昆蟲後，
根本沒有水洗手，只好隨手在衣服上抹
一下。還試過通宵不眠搜集標本，」鄧
藝康笑着說，「實習前，真沒想到自己
原來有這般韌力，可以在野外生存。我
想，以後大概沒有甚麼可以難倒我的
Harry Tang Ngai-hong
Working in the wild helped cultivate team spirit, too,
the interns report. “Collecting those specimens was a
huge job,” Carmen recalls. “At times it was more than
one person could tackle. But we learnt that you have to
work together if you want to succeed. Besides, it’s more
fun chatting in a group while working!”
鄧藝康
Living with host families meant Harry and Carmen
could immerse themselves in American culture, giving them time to work on their
interpersonal skills as they quickly grew close to their host families, spending weekends
together and, in return, treating them to Chinese-style desserts which they prepared
themselves. They even taught their American hosts some Cantonese and Mandarin.
Overall, the home stay proved a profound experience, forcing the interns to reflect on
life back in Hong Kong. “The US is the world’s most powerful country in many ways,
and yet people seem more relaxed and have more time to enjoy family life than we do in
Hong Kong,” Harry says.
14
了。」
野外實習也是學習團隊精神的好機會。周
讌雯說：「搜集標本的工作量很大，一個
人力量有限，必須與他人配合才能有效進
行。況且，一班人一起工作，有說有笑，
過程也不會那麼枯燥。」
在美國人家庭寄宿，可體驗不同生活文化
的樂趣，以及與人相處的技巧。鄧藝康和
周讌雯學會融入寄宿家庭的生活，周未與
他們一起消遣玩樂，閒暇時間還下廚煮一
鍋中式甜點給主人家庭品嚐，或是教他們
講幾句廣東話和普通話，感謝他們的接
待。接觸到美國人的生活方式後，不由使
他們反思起香港人的生活。「美國是世界
強國，但與香港人相比，當地人的生活似
As for career moves, the internship has brought important insights to bear on future
decisions. For Harry, the internship experience has sparked his interest in conducting
fieldwork, and he is now consider ing studying environmental preservation in
mainland China after graduation. Meanwhile, Carmen will start her career as a
laboratory researcher.
乎比較悠閒，更能享受天倫之樂。我不由
對香港人分秒必爭的生活方式產生一些想
法，」鄧藝康說。
實習體驗使鄧藝康對實地考察研究產生濃
厚的興趣，並考慮畢業後繼續進修，專門
H a r r y a n d C a r m e n we re
a m o n g 2 8 s t u d e n t s f ro m
the Faculty of Science and
Engineering who spent their
internships in seven overseas
countr ies and three cities
in mainland China under
the Inter nship Programme
for Exchange Students.
Under this credit-bear ing
prog ramme, which was
launched last year, CityU
Homestay enriches internship experience.
and its partner institutions
寄宿生活是海外實習經驗的重要一部分
abroad and in the mainland arrange internship opportunities for each other in their
respective countries or cities.
研究內地環境保育問題。周讌雯亦確定畢
業後會從事實驗室化驗和研究工作。
鄧藝康和周讌雯是今年去海外實習的28
名學生中的兩名，科學及工程學院透過
「交換生工業培訓計劃」把他們分別派
往7個國家及內地3個城市。有關計劃
由去年正式推出，透過與海外及內地
機構合作，安排城大學生到內地和外國
實習；而合作夥伴的學生則可來香港實
習。科學及工程學院早在2000年就開辦
「工業實習培訓計劃」，安排二年級學
生北上內地工廠及企業實習，並得到工
業界及學生的廣泛支持，「交換生工業
培訓計劃」則是按照「工業實習培訓計
The blueprint for the Internship Programme for Exchange Students was the Industrial
Attachment Scheme, which was initiated in 2000 by the Faculty of Science and
Engineering. This scheme, which is proving to be immensely popular with students and
industry, assigns Year 2 students to companies in Hong Kong and the mainland.
劃」模式推行的。
前線工作的體驗
管理科學系的林志叡被派往美國佛羅里達
州迪士尼樂園擔任前線客戶服務工作，在
A taste of front-line service
Andrew Lam Chi-yui, a student in the Department of Management Sciences in the
Faculty of Business, took his internship as a front-line service operator at Walt Disney
World in Florida, selling candy, biscuits, snacks, Christmas decorations, wristwatches,
souvenirs and other merchandise.
不同銷售點售賣多種貨品，包括糖果、餅
乾、小食、聖誕裝飾、手錶，以及紀念
品等。兩個半月的實習，使他深切體會到
「以客為本」的意義。
「雖然售賣的是貨物，其實真正售賣的是
One of the most valuable lessons he picked up on his two-and-a-half month training
course concerned the nature of customer service.
“My job was selling goods, but in reality I was selling top-quality service,” Andrew says.
“I can now see that what matters most is not so much the merchandise you sell but
whether you provide your customers with a pleasant shopping experience. Smiling and
communicating well are vital. Most important of all, I always came away really satisfied
with the service I provided each day.”
Andrew was among 177 second-year students that the Faculty of Business placed this
year as interns in 37 organizations throughout Hong Kong and overseas in a bid to help
students better incorporate theory with hands-on experience in the workplace. These
internships are highly organized, with students required to attend a pre-internship twoday workshop on business ethics, etiquette, and interpersonal communication skills.
誠意的服務。着眼點不是賣出多少件貨
物，而是能否為客人提供愉快的消費體
驗。所以，微笑和溝通很重要，而我亦從
服務中得到滿足感。」
商學院今年共派出177名二年級學生，去37
家本地及海外機構實習，林志叡是其中一
名。實習計劃以課程形式推行，旨在給學
生提供職場體驗，把所學的專業課程理論
應用於現實職業崗位。學生實習前須參加
一個為期兩天的工作坊，學習商業操守、
禮儀和人際溝通技巧。
15
100
150
200
250
300
350
The impact of the internships on the lives of the students looks positive, especially in
Andrew’s case. “I gained a great deal of understanding about myself from my experience
working at Disney World. I’m an extrovert, and I enjoy meeting and working with
people. Knowing this makes me think carefully about the kind of job I want in the
future,” he says.
前線服務經驗使林志叡掌握了跟客戶溝通的
However, inter nships are not all plain sailing and difficulties do emerge. But
overcoming these challenges is part of the learning process. For example, Andrew
had a hard time at first distinguishing different American banknotes and coins, so he
was slow at giving change. Remembering all the information about the merchandise
in such a short span of time also posed problems. “Fortunately, most people in the
department where I was working were really kind. They were happy to help me
because I was eager to learn.”
工作中當然會遇到困難，例如初時認不清
Another aspect of the internship was learning to live away from the security of the
family home in Hong Kong. Andrew says he has taken great strides in improving
his self-discipline and time
management skills because
he had to lear n to live
independently. For example,
Andrew says he rarely helps
with the household chores in
Hong Kong, but dur ing his
US sojour n he had to cook
and do his own laundry. This
meant planning ahead because
life in the US is not always as
convenient as day to day life
in Hong Kong where shops
and other amenities tend to be
closer to home.
Andrew Lam Chi-yui
A n d w h e n A n d rew f e l l i l l
one day, he had to cope by himself, an experience that made him appreciate the
importance of family and friends. “After that illness, I better appreciated how my
family in Hong Kong took such good care of me while I was growing up,” he says.
林志叡
Putting knowledge in practice
Vivian Chiang Sze-chung, a student in the Department of Chinese, Translation and
Linguistics in the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, spent her internship at
China Central Television (CCTV) in Beijing as a sub-editor where she was responsible
for selecting, translating and summarizing news bulletins from foreign news agencies.
One of the biggest rewards, it turns out, is her much improved proficiency in Mandarin,
which has led her to contemplate a career north of the border.
This two-month spell gave her insight into how a media organization in mainland China
operates and what life is like in the fast-growing capital. “I always thought I’d look for
marketing and public relations jobs in Hong Kong,” Vivian says. “But the CCTV internship
16
竅門，也使他確定了將來從事客戶服務的事
業方向。他說：「實際工作經驗使我更加了
解自己，知道自己是一個外向型、喜歡與人
接觸的人，適合從事與人接觸的工作。」
美國的貨幣，在處理找零錢時不順暢，短
時間內來不及記熟大量貨品以及與迪士尼
樂園相關的資料。林志叡說：「幸好我所
在的部門同事普遍很友善，只要自己虛心
求問，肯學肯做，別人都會教我。」
平日生活依賴家人照顧，海外實習期間，生
活中的大小事務都要自己負責，從煮飯、洗
衣到打理家務。林志叡說，美國的生活不及
香港方便，吃飯、購物、交通均要預先規劃
安排，促使他學會自律和妥善運用時間。一
次病倒，令他深刻體會到平時身邊有家人的
幸福。「一個人獨自在外地工作生活，真是
一個學習獨立自處的好機會，使我更懂得欣
賞家人平時給予的照顧。」
赴內地傳媒實習，學以致用
中文、翻譯及語言學系的蔣思聰，被派往
北京中央電視台經濟頻道任實習編輯，負
責輯錄、翻譯及撰寫外國通訊社新聞等工
作。兩個月的實習，使她體驗到內地傳媒
機構的運作，以及經濟快速發展下的北京
城市生活面貌。其中最大的收穫是，普通
話水平大有進步，令她產生北上發展事業
的念頭。
「未去實習前，一直打算畢業後從事市場推
廣和公關工作，考慮的範圍局限於香港，」
蔣思聰說，「經過在北京中央電視台兩個月
的實習訓練後，對自己普通話溝通能力的信
心增加了，對傳媒工作也產生了興趣，覺得
可以選擇的職業多了許多。」
實習期間，蔣思聰每天輯錄及翻譯兩至三
則外電新聞，所學的媒體翻譯及新聞寫作
理論知識得以派上用場。她同時體會到，
內地新聞機構在處理中國隊在國際足球賽
輸贏消息時，撰文上多會帶些感情色彩，
與香港傳媒的處理方式不同。撰寫及翻譯
新聞時，她也學會引用一些地道北京話詞
really broadened my horizons. Now I am more comfortable communicating in Mandarin and
more interested in a career in the media sector. I feel I have more options now.”
語，以增加當地觀眾收看的投入感。在北
京生活的兩個月時間，蔣思聰感受最深的
是，正在迎接奧運的
During her internship, Vivian translated two to three news stories every
day, putting her knowledge about the media and her translation and
journalism skills into practice, and consequently gaining insights into how
the media operates outside of Hong Kong. For example, she saw that the
mainland media tends to use a more emotional approach when reporting
events such as China’s victories in major soccer internationals, and she
learned to write with a more Beijing-style flavour to suit local tastes.
北京交通較以往改善
了許多，國際品牌商
店林立，而傳統文化
特色也有保存下來，
對年青人來說是個工
作、學習和生活的好
地方。
Vivian was among a group of 30 second-year students who took their
internships at various Beijing-based institutions. These internships count
as electives, and most of the interns worked in institutes specializing in
mass media, research and cultural studies, but the Faculty also placed 10
students with hospitals, youth centres, and homes for senior citizens in
Singapore.
人文及社會科學學院
今年派往北京主要傳
播、教研及文化機構
實習的二年級學生共
30名，蔣思聰是其
中一名。學院今年還
安排了10名學生去
Vivian Chiang Sze-chung
Based in the nation’s main city, Vivian got a sense of the rapid economic
新加坡的醫院、青少
蔣思聰
changes taking place in China. The city’s public transport is improving in
年及老人中心等社會
preparation for the Olympic Games in 2008, she says, while downtown
服務機構實習。該實習計劃以選修課程形
areas are dotted with shops selling brand-name goods right next to facets of preserved
Chinese traditional culture. Thus she found Beijing a place full of opportunities and 式推行。
interest for young people.
蔣思聰這一次的實習是城大透過中國國際
“The internship has been a wonderful cultural experience for me,” Vivian says, adding
that she met interns from Macau, Taiwan and parts of mainland China during visits to the
Great Wall, film studios tours and gala parties. These other interns had also been placed in
Beijing by the China International Association for the Promotion of Science and Peace,
which organizes Beijing-based placements for students from the Greater China area,
including ones from CityU.
科學和平促進會安排的，該促進會同時安
Overseas internship helps develop global vision
海外實習配合國際化教育議程
These internship opportunities outside Hong Kong are a vital part of the University’s
internationalization drive. “Overseas exchange programmes help the students to develop
a more global vision,” says Professor Lilian Vrijmoed Kwan Lee-ping, Dean of Student
Learning. “This is what CityU encourages as we move to internationalization. I believe
these internship programmes have inspired our students with new experiences and will
pave the way for further developments in their studies and career.”
With students who have spent significant periods of time working abroad as interns,
who possess a globalized vision and who study within an internationalized learning
environment, CityU will continue to produce graduates that make a difference within
Hong Kong and beyond. ■
排了一些交誼活動，如遊長城、參觀電影
廠、遊藝晚會等，讓今年到北京實習的內
地、香港、台灣和澳門實習生能夠聚首一
堂，彼此交流。蔣思聰總括說：「這次實
習真是一次豐富的文化交流之旅。」
配合大學着重推行國際化教育的議程，今
年各學院的暑期實習課程均提供許多境外
實習機會。學務長關利平教授在9月19日由
科學及工程學院主辦的「交換生工業培訓
計劃」實習經驗分享會上說：「海外實習
活動有助拓寬學生的國際視野，同時亦配
合城大國際化的發展趨勢。我相信這一次
實習活動，必定為同學帶來不少新的經驗
和啟發，使他們日後在學習及事業上有更
好的發展。」
海外實習有助學生建立全球化的視野，而
這種全球化視野正是香港和亞太區賴以持
續發展的重要條件。■
17
Cleaning the environment
– the natural way
以 天 然 方 式 潔 淨 環 境
Michael Gibb
鄭智友
Applied research conducted by Professor (Chair) Nora Tam Fung-yee of the Department of
Biology and Chemistry is having a considerable impact on our understanding of the planet’s
precious natural resources and the delicate eco-system within which we lead our daily lives. For
almost 20 years, she has been spearheading projects that strive to enhance coastal pollution
control and mangrove conservation in Hong Kong and the Pearl River Delta. In constant
demand thanks to her prolific consultancy work and community service, Professor Tam realizes
more than most the urgent need to treat the world around us with greater respect.
生物及化學系譚鳳儀講座教授從事的應用研究影響深遠，使我們對地球的珍貴天然資源及我們生活其中的
脆弱生態系統有了更深入的了解。近二十年來，她主導了多個研究項目，致力加強香港和珠江三角洲沿岸
污染控制及紅樹林保育工作。譚教授主理多項顧問工作和社會公職服務，不僅公務繁忙，而且比多數人更
了解善待這個地球的重要性。
Could you start off by explaining your broad areas of applied
research?
I specialize in environmental biotechnology for coastal pollution control and mangrove
conservation and in this field I have collaborated extensively with Professor Wong Yukshan, our former Vice-President, and a number of renowned experts from universities
in mainland China and the Chinese Academy of Sciences. My main areas of interest
cover bioremediation, biosorption and constructed wetland technologies, which is
an Area of Excellence in Marine Environment Research and Innovative Technology
project sponsored by the UGC Research Council. This is a three-fold project. First, we
are looking at how a constructed mangrove wetland can be used to treat wastewater by
monitoring how pollutants in sewage are removed by different species and sediment
types found in mangrove. Second, we are interested in how microalgae can be developed
to help remove heavy metals and xenobiotics, such as pesticides, from industrial effluents.
Third, we are developing cost-effective bioremediation techniques, i.e. the use of
biological agents, such as bacteria or plants, to neutralize contaminants in polluted soil or
water, to reduce risks caused by important contaminants.
Could you explain the significance of a mangrove and why
you have devoted much of your career to promoting the
conservation of these wetlands?
The mangrove is a distinctive inter-tidal wetland system which is not only a place of great
natural beauty but also a fascinating focus of scientific enquiry, offering us interesting
insights into ecology. My research looks at how to harness the unique properties that
bind these eco-systems into biotechnologies that can benefit society.
Mangroves are very different to other natural habitats. As mangrove is situated on the
coast so that during high tide the plants are partly submerged and during low tide they
20
可否先介紹一下你的廣泛應用
研究範圍？
我專門研究沿岸污染控制和紅樹林保育環
境生物科技。在這個領域裏，我與前副校
長黃玉山教授以及多位內地大學和中國科
學院的知名專家有廣泛的合作。我最感興
趣的研究範圍包括生物修復、生物吸附及
人工濕地科技，後者為教資會研資局資助
的卓越科學領域中一個海洋環境研究及創
新科技項目。這個項目分為三大部份：首
先，我們通過監察不同品種的紅樹林微生
物如何清除污水中的污染物，研究如何利
用人工紅樹林濕地處理污水。第二，我們
也有興趣研究怎樣培植微藻來幫助消除工
業排放物中的重金屬和異生物（如殺蟲
劑）。第三，我們正研究具成本效益的生
物修復技術，即利用細菌或植物之類的生
物劑中和受污染土壤和水中的污染物，以
減低其對環境構成的風險。
可否說明紅樹林的重要性和你
致力宣揚保護濕地的原因？
紅樹林是一個獨有的潮帶間濕地系統，
不但風景優美，又是一個極具研究價值
December 十二月 2006
are exposed, making the habitat
saline and character ized by
wet and dry soil, and a shifting
substratum, or subsoil. We have
i d e n t i f i e d 4 4 m a n g rove s i n
H o n g Ko n g , h o m e t o m a ny
different kinds of crustaceans,
mollusks, fishes and birds. In fact,
more than 350 species of resident and
migrant birds have been spotted at Mai
Po Marshes, the nature reserve located near
Professor Nora Tam
譚鳳儀教授
Yuen Long in the north-west New Territories. The
mangroves are in the northeast New Territories, Deep Bay, Lantau Island, Tai Tam, the
Tolo Region and Sai Kung.
But even though mangroves occupy a vital role in maintaining bio-diversity, balancing
terrain and marine eco-systems, providing breeding ground and nesting sites for different
animals and protecting the shoreline against erosion from the weather and the sea, Hong
Kong’s mangroves are under threat from pollution and urbanization.
What stimulated your interest in mangrove research?
In the mid-1980s, I was teaching ecology and I used to take my students to mangrove
swamps on field trips. On one occasion, the tide was too high for us to work, so we
waited. While we were waiting I notice something interesting. As I sat there, I saw that
some trees were much greener and taller than the others. These trees were located close
to a public washroom. This got me thinking, and I started to look into the various
possibilities. Further research at other locations revealed similar phenomena. Mangrove
near public washrooms displayed noticeably different features. This set off a long period
of research from roughly 1987 to 1997, when I analyzed the water purification properties
of the mangrove. My research showed that the mangrove plants absorb macronutrients
such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium from wastewater such as urine and freshwater
runoff. In other words, the mangrove acts as a kind of filter. The reason the trees near the
public washrooms were greener and taller is the plants absorbed the nutrients, chemicals
that are often found in fertilizer and in human waste.
的科學議題，可為我們提供有關生態環
境的有趣知識。我的研究是要找出這些
生態系統的特點並將其發展成造福社會
的生物科技。
紅樹林與其他天然生境有很大分別。紅樹
林位於沿海地區，潮漲時植物部份被水覆
蓋，潮退時則暴露出來，令生境含有鹽
分，土壤時乾時濕，下層土壤（底土）會
移位。我們在香港找到44片紅樹林，是許
多不同品種的甲殼類動物、軟體動物、魚
類及鳥類的棲身之地。事實上，在米埔沼
澤區和位於新界西北面元朗附近的自然保
護區已發現超過350個品種的留鳥及候鳥。
這些紅樹林分佈於新界東北、深灣、大嶼
山、大潭、吐露港地區和西貢。
紅樹林的地位舉足輕重，可維持生物多樣
性，平衡地面與海洋生態系統，為各種動
物提供繁殖和棲息地，以及保護海岸線免
受天氣和海水侵蝕，儘管如此，香港的紅
樹林已受到污染和城市化的威脅。
是甚麼激發你研究紅樹林的興
趣？
我在八十年代中期當生態學教師時，曾帶
領學生到紅樹林沼澤做實地考察。有一次
因潮水漲得太高無法工作，我們只好等待
着。等待期間，我發現一個有趣的現象，
看到有些樹叢比其他樹叢長得更高壯和更
青綠，而那些樹叢生長在一個公廁附近。
自此我開始探索造成這個現象的可能性。
我漸漸發現，在其他地點進行的研究發現
Why is this so significant?
This is very significant because one of the problems we are facing in our coastal regions
is that fertilizers are running off the land into the sea to create eutrophication, i.e. an
over-rich supply of nutrients that creates a dense growth of algae in the sea, which, when
it decays, depletes oxygen levels. Mangroves help to ward off eutrophication, naturally,
helping to balance the delicate eco-system.
類似現象，即生長於公廁附近的紅樹林型
態與眾不同。我因此大約在1987至1997年
間進行長期研究，對紅樹林的淨化作用進
行分析。我的研究發現，紅樹林植物會從
污水（如尿液）和淡水流經的地方吸收大
量營養素，如氮、磷和鉀。換句話說，紅
樹林有過濾作用。公廁附近的樹叢長得特
But thanks to our research, especially our consultation work with the Government, we
have been able to recommend saving certain mangrove habitats, such as the one at Lai
Chi Wo in northeast New Territories, which is now protected. A three year study funded
by the Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department allowed us to make nine-key
recommendations for conserving mangroves in Hong Kong, all of which is published in
my book Hong Kong Mangroves co-written with Professor Wong.
別高和特別綠，是因為它們吸收了肥料和
人類排泄物中的養份和化學物。
這些研究有甚麼重要性？
這項研究極其重要，因為我們在沿岸地區
面對的問題之一，是肥料自耕地中流入大
海，造成富養化作用，即養份供應過於豐
December 十二月 2006
21
What kind of technologies
will grow from this mangrove
research?
In 2003, we constr ucted a mang rove
wetland system for sewage treatment at
the Futian-CityU Mangrove Research and
Development Centre in the Neilingding
Futian Nature Research in Shenzhen and
opposite the Mai Po Nature Reserve.
This is a long-term collaboration between
CityU experts and their counter parts
in the mainland which has shown that
mangrove wetlands could be used as a
low-cost, highly effective, environmentallyfriendly system for treating sewage. Here,
we demonstrate to the public and students
the efficiency of such a system and we
are working on treatment tr ials that
Mangrove
could be commercialized and operated
紅樹林
in developing areas in southern China
and Southeast Asia. The impact on rural areas and the environment will be very strong
because we will not rely so much on chemicals for cleaning sewage but use a more
natural method.
You have also conducted extensive research into bioremediation, using biological agents
to clean polluted soil or water. Why is this area of research so vital to Hong Kong and the
region?
Bioremediation is an environmentally-friendly method of removing potentially hazardous
chemicals from the water or from the ground, and our research suggests that the
mangrove habitat has the ability to neutralize certain toxins because such habitat harbours
a diverse group of pollutant-degrading microorganisms.
富，導致海藻急速繁殖，而當海藻腐朽時
就會耗盡氧量。紅樹林有助以天然方式抵
抗富養化作用，對平衡脆弱的生態環境有
幫助。
通過城大這方面的研究，以及我們為政府
諮詢架構提供的顧問工作，我們提出的一
些拯救紅樹林生境的建議獲得通過，如新
界東北區荔枝窩的紅樹林因此得以受保
護。由漁農自然護理處資助的一項為期三
年的研究項目，讓我們就保育香港的紅樹
林提出九大建議，這些建議全部載於本人
與黃教授合撰的《香港紅樹林》一書中。
紅樹林研究會帶出甚麼科技？
2003年，我們在米埔自然保護區對面深圳
內伶仃福田自然保護區的福田－城大紅樹
林研發中心，建造了一個用來處理污水的
紅樹林濕地系統。這是一項城大專家與內
地專家的長期合作計劃，合作證明紅樹林
濕地可作為低成本、高效益和環保的污水
處理系統。透過這項計劃，我們向公眾和
學生展示了這個系統的效益，目前正在籌
備進行污水處理試驗，期望能將有關系
統推出市場，用於華南和東南亞發展中地
區。有關科技對農村地區和環境的影響深
遠，因為我們可以採用較自然的方法，無
須依賴化學物潔淨污水。
你對生物修復做了廣泛研究，
利用生物劑潔淨受污染土壤或
污水。這方面的研究對香港和
鄰近地區為何這麼重要？
生物修復是以環保方式清除水中或土壤中
的潛在有害化學物，而我們的研究顯示，
紅樹林能夠中和若干毒素，因為生境裏棲
息着林林總總可降解污染物的微生物。我
們在2000年12月獲漁農自然護理處邀請，
研究以最佳方法清理因珠江三角洲發生撞
船意外而溢流到大嶼山西面海岸線二澳紅
樹沼澤的油污。由於油污面積不算大，我
們建議無須清理紅樹林和泥灘上的油污，
因為清理油污有時會導致更大損害，而油
污會隨着時間自然降解。我們的研究小組
花了逾一年時間監察紅樹沼澤上的油污，
Mangrove wetland can be used as an environmentally—friendly system for treating sewage.
紅樹林濕地可用作環保的污水處理系統。
22
結果發現被殘餘油污覆蓋的紅樹林植物逐
漸被新生葉芽取代。油污中的主要環境
December 十二月 2006
We discovered this when in December 2000 we were invited by the Agriculture,
Fisheries and Conservation Department to investigate the best way of cleaning up oil
that had spilled onto the Yi O mangrove swamp on the western shoreline of Lantau
Island after a shipping accident in the Pearl River Delta. Since the oil spill was relatively
small, we recommended leaving the oil on the mangrove and the mudflat since a clean
up can sometimes cause more damage and oil will naturally degrade over time. Our team
monitored the oil spill on the swamp for more than one year during which time we
observed that the mangrove plants coated by oil residues recovered gradually with new
buds and new leaves. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, or PAHs as they are more
commonly known, the major environmental pollutants found in the oil, also disappeared
with time. Those coated on the leaves of the mangrove plants were rapidly washed out
by outgoing tides while those accumulated in soil or sediments were degraded by the
microorganisms. In other words, it seemed that biological, physical and photo-chemical
processes, i.e. biodegradation, tidal washing and photo-oxidation, are involved in cleaning
up crude oil and the contaminants in mangrove swamps. Our research team has also
isolated and identified more than 30 different species of oil- and PAH-degrading bacteria
and determined the pollutant-degradation ability of each of the isolates, aiming to
develop efficient bacteria cultures for bioremediation of contaminated sediments.
What kind of applications can we look forward to in the
future?
The mangrove plants and the associated microorganisms that help to remove or break
down pollutants including nutrients, toxic metals and persistent organic pollutants such
as PAHs are important eco-technology for cleaning up pollution and contaminated
environments. For instance, contaminated mud in our harbour or in polluted river is a
major problem, especially in industrial areas, but the action of cleaning up the mess can
sometimes be harmful, so bioremediation using mangrove plants and microbes offers the
hope of a cleaner approach that has a less damaging impact on the ecology of the target
area. ■
污 染 物 多 環 芳 烴 （ 簡 稱 為 P A H ） 亦 隨着
時間而消失。紅樹林植物樹葉表面的油污
很快被潮汐漲退沖走，而積聚於土壤或沉
積物中的油污則被微生物降解。換言之，
生物、物理及光化學過程（即生物降解功
能）、潮汐沖洗和光氧化作用，均在清理
紅樹沼澤的原油和污染物方面發揮作用。
我們的研究小組並歸納及辨識出超過30個
可以降解石油及P A H的不同細菌，並測定
了各品種細菌降解污染物的能力，目的在
於培育有效的培養菌，用於受污染沉積物
的生物修復。
這些研究成果將來可望應用於
哪些方面？
紅樹林植物及有助於清除或分解污染物的
相關微生物是潔淨污染和受污染環境的重
要生態科技。這類污染物包括養份、有毒
金屬和頑固污染物（如P A H）。舉例說，
海港裏受到污染的污泥或受污染河流裏的
污泥是個嚴重問題，在工業區內尤其嚴
重，但清理工作有時也可能有害。因此，
利用紅樹林植物和微生物進行生物修復提
供了一個對目標地區的生態環境損害較小
的清理方法。■
About Professor Nora Tam 譚 鳳 儀 教 授 小 檔 案
P
rofessor Tam has served on a number of major committees as part of her service to the community. She is currently
the chairperson of Country Park Committee, CDC-HKEAA Committee on Biology (Senior Secondary) and Ocean Park
Conservation Fund. She also sits on Town Planning Board, Country and Marine Park Board, Ocean Park Board, Public
Examination Board, Mai Po Management Committee, etc. From 1994 to 2000, she sat on the Environment and Conservation
Fund Committee, Wetland Advisory Committee, Friends of the Earth Board.
After her BSc (Hons) in Biology in 1976 and an MPhil in Environmental Biology in 1979 from the Chinese University of Hong
Kong, and MSc from the University of Sheffield, UK, Professor Tam earned a PhD in Environmental Biology from the University
of York, UK, in 1982.
譚中）及海洋公園保育基金主席。她同時又是城市規劃委員會、郊野公園及海岸公園委員會、海洋公園委員會、公開考試委員會、米
教授致力服務社群，曾任職多個主要委員會。她現時為郊野公園委員會、課程發展議會－香港考試及評核局生物課程委員會（高
埔管理委員會的委員。1994至2000年間，她曾出任環境及自然保育基金委員會、濕地諮詢委員會以及地球之友委員會委員。
譚教授分別於1976年及1979年取得香港中文大學生物學（榮譽）理學士學位及環境生物學哲學碩士學位，其後取得英國雪菲爾德大學理
學碩士學位，並於1982年獲英國約克大學頒授環境生物學哲學博士學位。
December 十二月 2006
23
Michael Gibb
鄭智友
I
t’s shortly before one o’clock in the morning and the last trains
have pulled into the terminus. A weary commuter exits from
the station and hurries home in the dark, followed by a young
couple looking for a late-night snack. The gate to the Mass Transit
Railway, Hong Kong’s version of the London ‘tube’, the New York
Subway or the Paris Metro, closes as the long working day, one that
began at dawn the day before, draws to an end. The stations fall
silent. But not for long.
24
晨一點前，地鐵最後一班
列車駛進月台，夜歸乘客
拖着疲乏的步伐離開車
廂步出車站，瞬間消失於夜色之
中。經過長長一整天運作—始於
前一天的黎明，地下鐵路的閘門
關閉了，車站復歸平靜。不過，
只是片刻而已。
凌
香港地
鐵是永不休息的。
乘客也許回家了，但當最後一
班列車停駛後，車站內又會忙成一片。維
Yo u
s e e, t h e M T R
never sleeps. The passengers
might have gone home, but once the
last timetabled train has finished its run, there is a
buzz of activity. In the dead of the night, maintenance crews,
cleaners, engineers and transport specialists set to work, conducting safety
checks on equipment and ensuring that the lines are problem-free and that the
wagons are ready to roll when the early morning rail users ride the escalators down to
the tracks in a few hours time.
These are the crucial hours, downtime for train drivers but peak time for safety specialists,
and scheduling the tasks that need to be carried out is an enormous challenge.
“Organizing the work load is extremely complex,” says Dr Andy Chun Hon-wai, an
associate professor in the Department of Computer Science at City University of Hong
Kong (CityU) and one of the world’s leading experts in the use of artificial intelligence (AI)
to conduct scheduling.
“There is an enormous number of factors to consider when it comes to organizing
routine safety checks throughout the MTR. Do we have the right equipment in the right
place? Do we have the right people in the right place? We have to consider the number
of wagons that a train is pulling, space, time allocation, and the emphasis is on how we
can be as productive as possible with fewer resources,” said Dr Chun.
修員、清潔工、工程師及交通運輸人員，
要夤夜給沿綫設施做安全檢查，確保地鐵
列車於數小時後重駛載客時可以暢通無
阻。行車服務開始前的數小時，對司機來
說是休息時間，對於負責地鐵安全的專家
來說卻是最緊張的時刻，而編排數小時內
的安全檢查及維修工作時間表，是一項極
具挑戰的任務。
香港城市大學電腦科學系副教授陳漢偉博
士指出：「分配工作量和編排時間表是極
為複雜的工程。」陳博士是應用人工智能
制訂工作安排及編定時間表方面的專家。
陳博士表示：「替地鐵沿綫編排日常安全
檢查時，需要考慮多種因素。例如適當的
設備是否已經到位？是否任用了適當的人
選？我們還要考慮每列地鐵的車廂數目、
間隔、時間分配，務求以較少的資源獲取
最大效益。」
一旦出錯，後果不堪設想。陳博士解釋
說：「我們既需要截斷電源，讓工人檢查
路軌，又要重新開啟電源，以便維修機車
The consequences of error are significant. “We need to shut down the electricity to allow
workers to check the tracks, but for maintenance engines to move along the line, we have
to switch the electricity back on. Timing is paramount,” Dr Chun explains.
可以沿路軌運行。時間安排至關重要。」
為解決編排夤夜維護保養工程這個複雜問
題，陳教授與地鐵公司合作，利用一套名
To solve the complex issues related to scheduling all the work that has to be carried out
overnight, Dr Chun and researchers with the MTR collaborated on the Engineering
Works and Traffic Information Management System, or ETMS, an AI engine that helps
plan, schedule and optimize nightly engineering work at the MTR. The software ensures
that all the necessary engineering work is performed in a timely and safe manner and
that MTR resources are fully utilized.
為「工程效率及運輸資訊管理系統」（簡
稱ETMS，下同）的人工智能系統，規劃、
編排及最優化夜間維修工程。ETMS可確保
所有必要的工程能適時和安全地進行，而
地鐵資源又能得到充分利用。
25
Dr Chun received the BSc from Illinois Institute of Technology in 1981, and an MSc and PhD
degrees in Electrical Engineering from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1983 and
1987. After obtaining his PhD, Dr Chun returned to Hong Kong in 1989. He joined CityU in 1994.
1981年，陳漢偉博士畢業於美國伊利諾州理工學院，獲科學學士銜。其後，陳博士進入伊利諾大
學厄巴納-尚佩恩分校攻讀電機工程，於83年和87年先後獲得科學碩士和博士學位。獲博士銜之
後，陳氏於89年返港，並於94年加盟香港城市大學。
“The main purpose for using advanced AI technology is to streamline workflow so the
MTR will become more agile and responsive to passenger needs. It is the citizens of
Hong Kong who ultimately benefit,” says Dr Chun, the only person in the world to have
been awarded three times the prestigious Innovative Applications of AI Award from the
American Association for Artificial Intelligence.
陳博士對人工智能應用研究貢獻良多。他
是全球唯一一位獲美國人工智能協會先後
三次頒發「人工智能創意應用獎」的學
者。陳教授說：「主要目標是利用人工智
能技術，使工作流程暢順有序地進行，地
鐵才能對乘客的需求作出快捷回應。最終
ETMS, which has won a clutch of international awards over the past year (See box),
epitomizes the kind of applied research that CityU champions: the use of cutting-edge
technology to benefit the local, regional and global community. In this case, ETMS is
not only making mass transportation more efficient in Hong Kong, it is also invigorating
similar transportation means in major cities in mainland China because the AI software
created by Dr Chun is being installed in Beijing and Shanghai.
The principles behind ETMS can be applied to a host of knowledge management
situations, from resource allocation and scheduling to human resource management and
logistics. The core creative drive is the identification of rules and constraints that impact
upon a specific situation, in this case, arranging to have the MTR primed for facilitating
the estimated 2.46 million patrons per day traveling over seven lines, past 53 stations
along 91km of track.
“The complexity of the task is too great for the human brain,” Dr Chun says. “So we identify
rules and constraints based on different types of knowledge. For example, we can say that if
such-and-such happens, then such-and-such happens. This is a basic rule. Or we can impose a
constraint that says a particular train cannot pull more than three wagons. There are thousands
of variables like these to consider and once identified, they are coded and processed.The endproduct is a set of intricate algorithms that are used to arrange work duties.”
的受惠者是香港市民。」
人工智能造福民生
ETMS軟件過去一年獲獎無數（見附表），
象徵着香港城市大學應用人工智能先進科
技造福香港、亞太地區和全球民生的卓越
成就。ETMS不但使香港的大眾運輸系統運
作更有效率，同時惠及內地大城市的大眾
運輸系統。由陳博士設計出來的這套人工
智能軟件已安裝在北京和上海等地的大眾
運輸系統中。
ETMS用途廣泛，它的基本原理可應用於多
種知識管理環境，由資源分配、編排工作
進度，到物流及人力資源管理等。軟件的
創意核心在於辨識對特定環境具影響的規
則和限制。就地鐵而言，就是優化編排進
程，使預計中的每日246萬名乘客能在7條
行車路綫、91公里路軌上暢通地往返於53
個地鐵車站之間。
ETMS was trialed in early 2004 and the complete roll out was complete by early 2005.
After we have modeled the initial software, we work on a prototype and through testing
and re-testing we work towards the perfect design. The result is an awe-inspiring piece
of software that has revolutionized work management. Before Dr Chun and his designs,
planners relied heavily on working by hand, on large pieces of paper spread across desks, a
time-consuming operation that while effective was prone to error and not optimal.
陳博士說：「這項工作非常複雜，非人腦
所能承受。我們於是根據了解到的不同情
況鑒別出各種規則和限制。例如我們可以
假設，一旦發生某類事情，就應該作出什
麼樣的安排。這是基本規則。我們還可以
設定某種限制條件，例如假設某個特定的
Dr Chun started his career in AI at a high-tech spin-off from the Massachusetts Institute
of Technology (MIT), US, called Ascent Technology Inc. This company was set up by
Professor Patrick Winston, the former director of the MIT Artificial Intelligence
Laboratory. Working as a senior scientist, Dr Chun helped provide R&D services on the
development of resource scheduling for the US Department of Defense and airports
26
機車只能拉動三個車廂。總而言之，有成
千上萬個類似的可變因素需要考慮，一旦
確認後，便要進行編碼和處理，然後得出
一組用來編排工作的複雜計算方法。」
around the world, an experience he would later put to use when he started working back
in Hong Kong in the early 90s.
ETMS軟件測試始於2004年初，大約一年後
完成測試正式推出使用。建立軟件的樣板
後，我們反覆測試原型設計，以求完善，
His projects include designing the Stand Allocation System (SAS) for non-stop 24-hour
daily operations for the Hong Kong Airport Authority. “Aircraft stands are where the
airplanes park and these spaces are allocated daily based on the flight schedule and a set of
intricate operational constraints,” Dr Chun explains. Chek Lap Kok Airport has facilities
to handle over 35 million passengers and 3 million tones of air cargo annually, so intricate
planning is essential.
Another airline related project was with the Hong Kong Civil Aviation Department in
the mid-1990s. The Computerized Check-in Counter Allocation System maximizes
airport facilities by optimizing the location and number of check-in counters assigned
to each flight by using software to produce a highly efficient scheduling algorithm. And
in addition to resource allocation and logistics time-tabling, Dr Chun’s work has also
been used in human resource management to produce optimized staff rosters and work
assignments for the Hong Kong Hospital Authority.
So the next time you catch an early morning train on the MTR, or when you next fly
out of or into Chek Lap Kop International Airport, remember your journey has been
touched by the incredible innovations that Dr Chun has masterminded in his lab at
CityU.
結果創造出一套令人驚嘆的人工智能軟
件。這套軟件革新了工作程序管理。ETMS
軟件面世之前，計劃者主要依靠人手利用
紙筆編排工作程序，雖然也行之有效，卻
費時費力，且容易出錯及未臻完善。
80年代末，陳博士加盟美國亞思晟科技有
限公司，由此開始其人工智能事業。亞思
晟科技與美國麻省理工學院（M I T）淵源
深厚，公司創辦人Patrick Winston教授為
M I T人工智能實驗室前主任。任職資深科
學家期間，陳博士協助公司向美國國防部
及世界各地的機場提供發展資源調度的研
發服務。這些經驗對陳博士在90年代初返
回香港發展事業幫助很大。
為香港機場管理局設計每日24小時不停運
作的停機位分配系統（S A S），是陳博士
返港後的一個主要研究項目。他解釋說：
ETMS has won a host of prestigious awards since it was launched:
自面世以來，ETMS軟件榮獲下列各項殊榮：
Smart 50 - 2006 Project of the Year Award
ZDNet Asia, one of Asia’s leading Web destinations for business and technology users,
awarded us the Project of the Year Award.
獲ZDNet Asia網站頒發「Smart50 — 2006年度最佳項目獎」。
2005 Asia Pacific Information Communication Technology Award —
Best Industrial Application
「停機位是航機臨時停泊的地方，根據航
班時間表和一系列複雜的操作限制而編
配。」香港赤鱲角機場屬於亞太地區最繁
忙的一個機場，全年客流量逾3,500萬人
次，空運貨物達300萬噸，精心策劃停機位
編配十分重要。
另一個同航機有關的研究項目是90年代中
為香港民航處設計的「電腦化旅客登記櫃
台分配系統」。該系統利用電腦軟件制訂
高效能編算法，分配予每個航班適當的登
We were awarded the “2005 Best Industrial Application Award” at The Asia Pacific ICT
Awards annual competition.
記櫃台數目和位置，有效地利用機場設
參與亞太資訊通訊科技（ICT）年度獎項競逐，贏得「2005年ICT最佳工業應用獎」。
博士的人工智能軟件亦曾應用於人力資源
2005 IT Excellence Award
The Hong Kong Computer Society awarded our AI Engine with a 2005 IT Excellence
Award in the category of “IT Applications.” This is the most prestigious IT awards event
in Hong Kong. It is also the first time any university in Hong Kong has received an
award in this category.
獲香港電腦學會頒授「2005年資訊科技卓越成就獎」（IT應用類別）。
施。除資源分配和編排程序時間表外，陳
管理，幫助香港醫管局制訂最有效的員工
值勤表和分派工作任務。
下次搭乘地鐵早班列車，或者去赤鱲角機
場搭乘航機出外公幹或回港時，不要忘
記，你所享受的便捷旅程，或多或少得益
於陳博士在城大實驗室研發的人工智能創
意發明。
2005 Innovative Applications of AI Award
The American Association for Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) awarded our AI Engine with
a 2005 Innovative Applications of AI Award in the category of “Deployed Applications”.
This is a prestigious international award, given to only a few companies each year.
獲美國人工智能協會（AAAI）頒授「2005年人工智能創意應用獎」。
27
Smart
technologies
to combat
web phishing
智能科技打擊網路詐騙
劉淑君
Regina Lau
Y
ou receive an email from a major bank
where you happen to be a customer and the
email asks you to fill in information such
as user name, password and credit card number
for the bank’s so-called “regular safety checking”
measures. The email links you to an “official”
website of the bank which looks identical to the
site you frequently log on to for tracking your
accounts. Do you answer the email and provide the
information right away?
你
收到某大銀行一封電子郵件，碰巧你又是這家
銀行的客戶。電郵要求你填寫用戶名稱、密碼
及信用卡號碼等個人資料，理由是協助銀行所謂的
「定期安全檢查」措施。電郵將你連結到一個銀行的
「官方」網站，看起來與你平常登入查閱帳戶往來記
錄的網站一模一樣。你會立即回覆這封電郵，提供所
需資料嗎？
28
December 十二月 2006
December 十二月 2006
29
T
hink twice before you do. Phishing activities, i.e. stealing personal information
by requesting users to access fake webpages, are growing at an astonishing rate.
Among the various safety measures to protect against suspected phishing, such as
double checking with the source organization, you can also report to the Anti-Phishing
Group at CityU by forwarding suspicious emails to <report@antiphishing.cs.cityu.edu.
hk>.
The Group, led by Dr Liu Wenyin and Professor Deng Xiaotie of the Department
of Computer Science (CS), is combating phishing activities by developing smart
technologies that can distinguish fake webpages from real ones and by inviting the public
to report suspicious emails and websites. “In this way, we serve the community with
our expert knowledge. At the same time, we find out about the latest phishing tricks,
knowledge which is essential for further research,” Dr Liu says.
Since it was introduced in June last year, the system has received two to three reports
every week, most of which have been found to be phishing attacks.
Common phishing tricks
“Phishing sites are difficult to identify and are almost unrecognizable to the untrained
human eyes,” says Dr Liu, an assistant professor of CS. “Our anti-phishing system tries to
distinguish fake webpages by visual comparison with genuine ones.”
Very often, phishers use tricky links to mislead users into believing that they have
accessed genuine sites, Dr Liu explains. The URLs look the same, but closer examination
reveals the contrary. For instance, upper case “I” might be replaced with lower case “l” or
Arabic number one “1”. And when domain names use Chinese characters, similar looking
Japanese characters can be found instead. Another tell-tale sign is a long suffix that might
be added to the domain name of the target company’s URL, thus subtly re-directing
users to a fake webpage.
To tackle these common tricks,
the Group has devised an antiphishing system which runs
on a local server and monitors
emails with keywords and
suspicious URLs. It compares
the suspicious sites with the
genuine and assesses their visual
and semantic similar ities at
both graphic and textual levels,
at the same time compiling
comparisons and alerting users
to suspected phishing attacks.
Phishers steal personal information by requesting users
to access fake webpages.
“The system is now at the
網路詐騙者透過虛假網頁竊取個人資料。
testing stage and a small
number of clients are using it. The next stage is to launch it onto the market,” Dr Liu says.
A never ending battle against e-crimes
“Combating e-crimes on the web is a never ending battle,” says Professor Deng.
Increasingly-sophisticated tricks are being employed to “fish” for personal information.
For instance, phishing attacks might masquerade as requests from seemingly legitimate
sources, such as banks, major online auction sites and system administrators, to verify
30
動前要審慎三思。網路詐騙增長
速度驚人，這種犯罪活動又稱網
路「釣魚」，即誘騙用戶瀏覽假
網頁，以此竊取個人資料。如要防範網
路詐騙電郵襲擊，除了應與所涉機構核
實真偽外，亦可向城大的「反網路詐騙
小組」舉報，將可疑電郵轉寄至r e p o r t@
antiphishing.cs.cityu.edu.hk。
行
「反網路詐騙小組」由城大電腦科學系的
劉文印博士及鄧小鐵教授率領，研發能區
別真假網頁的智能科技，打擊「釣魚」活
動。小組希望公眾報告可疑的電郵及網
址。劉博士說：「這樣我們既可以活用專
業知識服務社區，同時可以得悉最新的網
絡詐騙手法，作進一步研究。」
這個報告系統自從去年6月啟用以來，每周
約收到兩至三次報告，大部分情況均證實
屬於網路詐騙襲擊活動。
常用網路詐騙手法
劉博士說：「詐騙網頁很難識別，沒有經
過訓練的人幾乎無法看出。我們的反詐騙
系統嘗試用視覺方式來比較及區分真假網
頁。」
劉博士解釋說，網路詐騙者常用假連結誤
導用戶，讓後者以為自己正在查閱真網
頁。那些U R L（網址）初看一模一樣，但
仔細檢查就會發現有所不同。例如，網址
中的大寫英文字母I，可能用小寫的 l 或阿
拉伯數字1代替；域名中的中文字，可能以
相似的日本字代替；網址的域名後可能
加上長長的詞綴，巧妙地將用戶引往假
網頁。
小組成功設計了一個可裝置在區域電郵伺
服器內的反詐騙系統軟件方案，用關鍵字
監察電郵及可疑網址。系統將可疑網址與
真網址作比較，從圖案及文字等不同層面
評估兩者在視覺及語義上的類似程度，然
後編寫比較結果的報告，提醒用戶防範可
疑的詐騙襲擊。
劉博士說：「這一系統現正處在測試階
段，已有少量客戶使用。我們打算在下一
個階段把系統軟件方案推出市場。」
永無休止的戰鬥
鄧教授說：「打擊網路犯罪是一場永無休
止的戰鬥。」竊取個人資料的招數層出不
窮，詐騙襲擊可以偽裝成貌似正當或具權
威的機構來源，如銀行、主要網上拍賣網
址，或網路系統管理員，請求核實用戶名
December 十二月 2006
sensitive information such as
user ID and password. Ver y
often, these requests threaten
to suspend the users’ accounts
if they fail to comply. “Unwary
users easily fall victims to such
tricks,” Professor Deng says.
Not only are phishing attacks
hazardous to individual web
users, they also pose ser ious
threats to organizations.
Malicious information released
The anti-phishing system compares the suspicious sites with on mimicked “official” sites
the genuine and assesses their similarities.
of major banks and financial
反詐騙系統將可疑網址與真網址作比較，評估視覺上的類似程度。
cor porations could cause
disastrous disruptions to the market, while equally false statements on fake government
department and public institution websites could disrupt the whole community.
Mimicked sites also cause damage to the image of the targeted organizations.
With the increasing popularity of Unicode, a universal coding standard that represents
characters and symbols on the web, Professor Deng predicts that there will be even
more spoof sites and spam, and the incidents of phishing attacks might become more
difficult to control. “Unicode provides a unique code for every character, no matter what
the platform or language. However, a lot of similar characters coexist in its Universal
Character Set, thus making detection more difficult,” Professor Deng says.
A paper on Unicode and e-crimes published by the Anti-phishing Group, entitled
“REGAP: A Tool for Unicode-based Web Identity Fraud Detection”, has been accepted
by Journal of Digital Forensic Practice, a US publication which specializes in practical
knowledge and tools on electronic fraud investigation. In fact, since its establishment in
2004, the Group has published 10 papers on anti-phishing.
Concerted efforts against phishing
Dr Liu and Professor Deng were invited to Florida in mid-November this year to present
their research findings at the general meeting of the global Anti-Phishing Working Group
(APWG), which is based in the US, making them the first non-US party to attend an
APWG meeting.
In September this year, Professor Deng gave a presentation entitled “Detecting Web
Address Attack” which introduced the Group’s latest research findings and technologies at
the Hong Kong Police Headquarters in Wanchai. “The Police Force was impressed with
our findings and would like to keep in touch with us for further development,” Professor
Deng says.
To build up a profile in the IT industry, the Group also exhibited its anti-phishing project
at the Innovation and Design Expo in Hong Kong last year and the China Hi-Tech Fair
in Shenzhen this year. Response has been encouraging, Professor Deng says.
“Combating e-crimes would be made a lot easier if professionals from academia, industry,
law and law enforcement came together to tackle the problem,” Professor Deng says. “We
are ready to reach out further with the local and international communities and fight
web phishing.” ■
December 十二月 2006
稱及密碼等敏感個人資料。通常，這些請
求還會附帶某些威脅語句：若用戶不按
要求去做，戶口可能被終止。鄧教授指
出：「不虞有詐的用戶很容易掉入此類陷
阱。」
詐騙襲擊不僅危害個別網民，還對牽涉到
的組織機構造成嚴重負面影響。在假冒的
銀行及金融公司網站上散布虛假消息，可
能給市場帶來災難性干擾；在假冒的政府
部門網站上發放誤導公眾的資訊，可能擾
亂整個社會的正常運作。冒牌網站還會破
壞被假冒機構的形象
鄧教授預言，隨着統一碼（網路文字及符
號標準統一編碼）日漸普及，欺詐及垃圾
電郵增長的空間將愈來愈大，網路詐騙事
件也可能變得更難控制。他說：「統一碼
給予每個字元獨特的編碼，不論是什麼平
台或語言。但在其通用的字元集當中，同
時並存 着 許多類似的字元，令區別網路身
份欺詐工作更加困難。」
反詐騙小組出版的統一碼與網路犯罪論
文，最近刊登在美國期刊《數碼鑑證實
錄》上，題為「REGAP：統一碼網路身份
詐騙偵測工具」。這份期刊專門刊登偵查
電子詐騙活動的實務知識及工具。自從小
組2004年成立以來，已出版10篇有關打擊
網路詐騙的論文。
多方合力反詐騙
劉博士及鄧教授應邀於今年11月中赴美國
佛羅里達州，出席全球反詐騙工作組大
會，並在會上發表其研究成果。他們的小
組是獲邀與會的第一個美國以外的成員。
年會上，各反詐騙工作組成員聚集一堂，
交流反詐騙活動的經驗。
早在今年９月，鄧教授曾在灣仔警署總部
發表題為「偵測網路地址襲擊」的簡報，
介紹小組最新研究結果及反詐騙科技。鄧
教授說：「警隊對我們的研究成果很感
興趣，希望與我們保持聯絡及進一步合
作」。
為了在資訊科技業推廣反詐騙科技，小組
在去年的香港創新科技與設計博覽會及今
年的深圳高新技術成果交易會上展出了這
一系統。鄧教授說，業界反響令人鼓舞。
鄧教授說：「學術界、業界、法律界及執
法部門的專業人士如能擕手合作，打擊網
路犯罪就會容易得多。我們準備進一步與
外界合作，聯合本地及國際社羣共同打擊
網路詐騙活動。」■
31
Young entrepreneurs flourish
thanks to quality education
創業靠自己也靠好老師
“G
lobal marketing research
is essential for starting a
business, and CityU gave
me the training I needed to succeed,” says
Mr Chris Luk Chun-ho, who graduated in
1998 from the Department of Infor mation
Systems in the Faculty of Business at City
University of Hong Kong.
業前要進行全球性的
「創
市場調查，全賴從前
在城大的訓練，它讓
我懂得如何找尋資料、訂定進度及目標，又
將資料抽絲剝繭，透過邏輯方法處理，把它
變成有用的數據，結果如期於三個月內完成
調查，亦肯定了創業的計劃及方向。」香港
城市大學商學院資訊系統學系1998年畢業生
“While I was a student here, I learnt how to search
陸俊豪先生說。
for information, set schedules and goals, analyze
information and turn it into useful data. I
陸俊豪雖然年紀輕輕，已經當了四年多老
was able to use this knowledge to complete
闆，他與夥伴在2001年底創立廣業訊息有限
the marketing research for my company
公司，自創了一個形象品牌Bon Bonn，以該
within three months, as scheduled. The
形象為本開發的流動服務已成功在本地及海
research results supported my business
外市場推出。今日，Bon Bonn的業務已向
plan to start up my own company,”
多元化發展，包括網上貿易、動畫、產品開
he says.
發、零售、版權授權、推廣活動策劃及出版
等。廣業訊息的成功，使陸先生於2003年獲
Although Mr Luk is still relatively
頒「鷹星創意創業大獎」。
young, he is no rookie. He has
been running his own company
for more than four years. He set
up Plastrons Ltd with a partner
in 2001 and created an image
brand called “Bon Bonn,”
which has helped introduce
陸先生創業前曾於一家電子產品公司工作，
主要負責建立公司內部使用的電腦系統。因
為明白同事的工作需要及公司的運作流程，
故此建立供他們日常處理文件的電腦系統並
不太難。
mobile ser vices in both
the local and overseas
回想學生時代的經歷時，他對於城大畢業班
m a r k e t . To d a y ,
同學必須與公司或企業合作完成畢業論文的
“Bon Bonn” is
作法印象特別深刻。陸先生當時的論文題
Mr Chris Luk Chun-ho
陸俊豪先生
32
engaged in Internet trading, animation, product development, retail, copyright licensing,
目，是替城大企業有限公司建立一個內部
promotion activities planning and publishing. Thanks to this success, Mr Luk was named
通訊網絡。他說：「第一次與城大企業代
“Innovative Entrepreneur of the Year” in 2003.
表商談需要及期望時，已經好像真的在與
客戶會見一般。不單要西裝筆挺，說話也
The foundations for his confidence and professional knowledge were built at CityU.
Before starting Plastrons Ltd, Mr Luk was responsible for developing a computer
system for an electronic product company. He familiarized himself with his colleagues’
requirements and the company’s operation flow, making it easy for him to build a system
that could handle the daily office documents, he says.
At CityU, his most impressive experience was basing his graduation thesis on a project
carried out in an authentic work environment. This project was to build an internal
十分謹慎，以後的一年內，我都要向他們
作口頭報告及進行系統測試。這個經驗讓
我掌握了很多應對技巧，對後來的求職和
面試都大有幫助。」
城大商學院很多老師都是從海外招聘的，他
們引入不少新概念，而且認為學院的課程必
communication network for CityU Enterprises Ltd (CityUE), founded in 1991 to
須配合社會變化，不斷創新並培養多元化的
encourage and support CityU staff to commercialize their research.
人才。後來學院開設了資訊系統學系，為本
港大專院校之先河。到了1995年，學系老師
“When I met up with CityUE representatives to identify their needs and expectations,
感到電子商貿即將成為商業新趨勢，他們亦
it was like having a formal meeting with clients,” Mr Luk says. “I had to wear a suit
率先把有關技術知識融入課程中，2000年電
and tie and choose my words carefully! Throughout the following year I had to give
子商貿更發展成一項學位課程。學系的課程
oral reports and carry out complete system tests, work that really sharpened my verbal
有三分之一是技術性的，例如電腦程式編寫
communication skills, which is a huge advantage for me now as I hunt for jobs and plan
及應用，三分之一是商業運作管理技巧，另
for interviews.”
Mr Luk was helped by the fact that the Faculty of Business is highly internationalized
with many members of the teaching staff recruited from overseas, bringing with them
new concepts that help cater for changes in society and nurture talent.
外三分之一是一般科目，例如經濟學、心理
學等。而畢業班的同學亦需與公司企業合作
完成一個項目，以協助同學進一步了解實際
商業環境，同時訓練他們的項目管理技巧。
這一切都使得學生在畢業前已掌握市場、會
In addition, the Faculty prides itself on innovation and foresight, which prepared Mr
計、財務、經濟等基礎知識，畢業後出路更
Luk for the world of work. This innovation and foresight is seen in the decision to create
廣闊。■
the Department of Information Systems in 1990, the first of its kind among tertiary
institutions in Hong Kong, and to develop courses during the 1990s that reflected new
business trends, culminating in an e-commerce degree programme launched in 2000.
One third of this programme focuses on technical skills, such as computer programming
and application; one third on business operations and management skills; and the final
third on general subjects, such as economics and psychology. In addition, final-year
students of the department are required to work with companies or enterprises to
complete a final-year project, an approach that gives students a better understanding of
the real-life business environment and sharpens their project management skills.
With this level of training in the Department of Information Systems, it is no wonder
that students get job offers in marketing, accounting, finance, economics and related
industries. And it should come as no surprise that students like Mr Luk of Plastrons Ltd
set up their own successful companies, building on the skills and knowledge learnt at
CityU. He is the epitome of the kind of graduates CityU hopes to produce. ■
33
Hold on to your faith
「螢火蟲」的信念
W
hat are the issues that most concern social work students today? Do they
really know whether they are suitable for this field? On top of teaching in
class, how can we best guide them?
These are questions often asked by me and my fellow social work teachers at City
University of Hong Kong. So to find out more, we encourage our students to write
down what they have learned and we respond with suggestions. The book Hold on to
your Faith – 30 Letters to Social Work Students, which was co-edited by Ms Man Kam-yin,
Mr Chan Wai-to, both colleagues from the Division of Social Studies, and me, is
essentially a record of our daily interactions with our students.
For the book, we invited 21 social work teachers from the Department of Applied Social
Studies and the Division of Social Studies to write about their beliefs and practices. We
asked them to cite real cases and write in the style of a letter. We hoped that a less formal
style would allow us to get closer to students, enabling us to offer guidance on problems
they might encounter later in their careers. The letter format also helps to convey that the
book is based on real life experiences.
Our book also targets social workers. Social work is a profession that holds on to values
and faith. We respect and value life and we believe that human beings are capable of
transformation. The ability to adhere to faith when faced with challenges is indispensable
for social workers. Unfortunately, social workers may waver in their faith when they
encounter certain dilemmas. For example, should they protect the privacy of their clients
or reveal their problems? Should they uphold society’s interests or promote their clients’
right to self-determination? In our book, these cases are told in the form of stories to
illustrate beliefs and ethics that social workers should abide by.
和城大一群任教社會工作的同事經常
我
問自己，甚麼是社工學生最關心的課
題？他們了解自己真正適合從事這個
行業嗎？我們老師除了在課堂上授課外，可以
怎樣幫助他們尋找出路？　我與社會科學學部的同事文錦燕老師及陳偉
道老師籌劃《堅守信念─給社工學生的30封
信》一書，其實是源於日常與學生之間的交
流。我們習慣鼓勵學生寫下學習心得，亦常以
文字與學生溝通，解答問題及提供建議。
我們邀請了21位城大應用社會科學系及社會科
學學部任教社工的老師以信函形式，透過真實
個案，分享他們對社工信念及實踐的體會，從
而希望以軟性的筆觸與學生真摯交流，以及讓
學生在未來專業路途上縱使遇到問題，也有所
憑依，理出方向。使用信函形式，是為了突出
這本書是取材於生活的意念。
這本書的另一對象讀者群是現職社工。社工是
一個着重價值與信念的行業，我們尊重每個生
命的價值，相信人有能力改變。堅守信念，面
對挑戰，對社會工作者而言，是必備的質素。
遺憾的是，社工面對挑戰或兩難局面時，總會
Social workers are commonly recognized as “the Plough” providing light to those
people who are at a low ebb. However, in recent years, I feel that a “firefly” is a better
metaphor. Although fireflies give out only a glimmer of light, in the dark wilderness
such a glimmer can illuminate a way out for people who need help. Whether as
“ the Plough” or “fireflies”, social workers must hold on to a clear set of values.
34
有信念動搖的時候。例如，他們在日常工作中
往往面對兩難的處境，例如應維護受助者的個
人私隱抑或把其問題公開？應該維護社會整體
利益還是當事人的自決權利？負責執筆的老師
便把這些個案以故事形式道出，向讀者解說社
工身處其中應把持的信念與操守。
從事社會工作教育多年，我感到社工之所以被
冠以「北斗星」的稱譽，與其為處於人生低
潮、正處在黑暗中的受助者提供一點光芒，指
引一條出路不無關係。不過，近年來，我覺得
「螢火蟲」的比喻更為貼切。螢火蟲雖然只有
微小的光芒，但在曠野的黑暗處產生的照明作
用卻不容忽視。社工面對困難的情況，像螢火
蟲般，雖然只能散發出微小的光芒，卻已能給
受助者起到引路的作用。北斗星的光芒也好，
螢火蟲的微光也罷，要擔當好引路的角色，社
Editors of the book: (from left) Dr Kam Ping-kwong, Ms Man Kam-yin and Mr Chan Wai-to.
三位編者：（左起） 甘炳光博士、文錦燕女士及陳偉道先生。
The book was launched several months ago and I have been encouraged by the response
from students, social work professionals, mainland students and academics. We hope that
the book generates feedback since working together is usually better than working alone,
and we hope our book will benefit students, practicing social workers, parents and even
the general public. ■
會工作者本身必須有清晰的價值取向。這個價
值取向，也就是社工所必須堅守的信念。
新書發佈會舉行至今已多個月，期間我常收到
學生、同工，以至內地學生和學者給予的鼓
勵。我們期望透過這本書分享我們對社工信念
實踐的體會，同時引發更多回響。獨行總不及
有人同行好，我們希望這本書對學生、在職社
工，甚至一般市民或家長，都有裨益。■
Dr Kam Ping-kwong
Associate Professor
Department of Applied Social Studies
甘炳光
應用社會科學系副教授
Hold on to your Faith – 30 Letters to Social Work Students is
co-edited by Kam Ping-kwong, Man Kam-yin and Chan Wai-to,
and is published by City University of Hong Kong Press.
《堅守信念─給社工學生的30封信》由甘炳光、文錦燕及陳偉道編
著，香港城市大學出版社出版。
35