United States
Department of
Agriculture
Forest Service
Recent Publications
of the Pacific Northwest Research Station
Pacific Northwest
Research Station
Fourth Quarter, 2009
TU
DE PA
RT
RE
March 2010
MENT OF AGRI C U L
Contents
About the Pacific Northwest Research Station .................................................... 1
Subscribe to Our RSS Feeds .................................................................................... 2
Locate Publications by Using Treesearch ............................................................ 3
Station Publications ................................................................................................... 4
Journals and Other Publications .......................................................................... 8
Order Form .................................................................................... I nside back cover
Publications are also available at http://www.fs.fed/us/pnw/publications/index.shtml
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Recent Publications of the Pacific Northwest Research Station, Fourth Quarter, 2009
The Pacific Northwest Research Station
The Pacific Northwest (PNW) Research Station is one of 11 research units in the
USDA Forest Service. The research units collectively conduct the most extensive
and productive program of integrated forestry research in the world. The PNW
Research Station was established in 1925. The station has its headquarters in
Portland, Oregon; 11 research laboratories and centers in Alaska, Oregon, and
Washington; and 11 active experimental areas (watershed, range, and experimental
forests). The station also conducts research in more than 20 research natural areas.
Our mission is to generate and communicate scientific knowledge that helps
people understand and make informed choices about people, natural resources,
and the environment.
PNW Research Station Laboratories and Centers
Anchorage
Forestry Sciences Laboratory
3301 C Street, Suite 200
Anchorage, AK 99503-3954
Corvallis
Forestry Sciences Laboratory
3200 SW Jefferson Way
Corvallis, OR 97331-4401
Fairbanks
Boreal Ecology Cooperative
Research Unit
University of Alaska Fairbanks
P.O. Box 756780
Fairbanks, AK 99775-6780
Juneau
Forestry Sciences Laboratory
11305 Glacier Highway
Juneau, AK 99801-8545
La Grande
Forestry and Range Sciences Laboratory
1401 Gekeler Lane
La Grande, OR 97850-3368
Olympia
Forestry Sciences Laboratory
3625 93rd Avenue SW
Olympia, WA 98512-9193
Portland
Forestry Sciences Laboratory
620 SW Main, Suite 400
P.O. Box 3890
Portland, OR 97208-3890
Prineville
Western Wildland Environmental
Threat Assessment Center
3160 NE 3rd Street
P.O. Box 490
Prineville, OR 97754
Seattle
Pacific Wildland Fire Sciences
Laboratory
400 N 34th Street, Suite 201
Seattle, WA 98103
Sitka
Alaska Wood Utilization Research
and Development Center
204 Siginaka Way
Sitka, AK 99835-7316
Wenatchee
Forestry Sciences Laboratory
1133 N Western Avenue
Wenatchee, WA 98801-1229
1
PACIFIC NORTHWEST RESEARCH STATION
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Recent Publications of the Pacific Northwest Research Station, Fourth Quarter, 2009
Locate USDA Forest Service Research Publications online at
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us
What Is Treesearch?
Treesearch is an online system for locating and delivering publications by
Research and Development scientists in the USDA Forest Service. Publications
in the collection include research monographs published by the agency as well
as papers written by our scientists but published by other organizations in their
journals, conference proceedings, or books. Research results behind these
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3
PACIFIC NORTHWEST RESEARCH STATION
Station Publications
These publications are available for download at the Web site listed under each abstract. To order
a printed station publication, circle its five-digit number on the inside back cover, cut out the order
form, place in an envelope, and send it to the address indicated. Please do not remove the label
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Supplies of these publications are limited. We will not be able to fill your order after our current
supply is exhausted. Copies may be purchased, however, from the U.S. Department of Commerce,
National Technical Information Services, Springfield, VA 22161 (http://www.ntis.gov).
Bibliographies
10-073
►Pacific
Northwest Research Station. 2009.
Recent publications of the Pacific Northwest
Research Station, second and third quarters,
2009. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest
Research Station. 26 p.
http://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/pubs/2&3q09.pdf
Climate Change
09-140
►Furniss,
M.J.; Millar, C.I.; Peterson, D.L.; Joyce,
L.A.; Neilson, R.P.; Halofsky, J.E.; Kerns, B.K.
2009.
Adapting to Climate Change: A Short Course for
Land Managers. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-789
[DVD-ROM and Online]. Portland, OR: U.S.
Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific
Northwest Research Station.
Video lectures, interactive quizzes, literature citations, and links to further information about climate
and implications of climate change for management
of national forest and grasslands. Course materials
are grouped under three headings: physical climate
information and climate-change background,
ecological responses to climate, and management
options in the face of changing climates.
4
Information in this short course summarizes the
state-of-the science for natural resource managers
and decisionmakers regarding climate variability,
change, climate projections, and ecological and
management responses to climate variability. A key
overriding theme regarding forest management and
adaptation is that the future will not mirror the past
and that targets focused on the past, particularly
those that mimic past vegetation structure, are
inappropriate. Current research predicts a warmer
future, with earlier onset of spring snowmelt, less
snowpack in the mountainous West, and different
disturbance regimes. Although the future will not
mirror the past, scientists also point out that it is
critical to understand past conditions and processes,
change thresholds, and species’ mechanisms for
adapting to these processes, particularly when very
long timeframes are used. The key will be to use
this information to glean insights for obtaining
desired future ecosystem function.
Keywords: Climate change, climate variability,
national forest and grasslands, natural resource
managers, management options, climate projections,
ecosystem function, adaptation.
DVD-ROM copies of this short course can be
requested by e-mailing pnw_pnwpubs@fs.fed.us
or by calling (503)261-1211 and referencing PNWGTR-789.
Online version: http://www.fs.fed.us/ccrc/hjar
Recent Publications of the Pacific Northwest Research Station, Fourth Quarter, 2009
Geomorphology and Hydrology
10-036
►Parks,
N. 2009.
Exploring connections between landscapes and
streams. Science Findings 119. Portland, OR: U.S.
Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific
Northwest Research Station. 6 p.
New technology has given scientists the means to
probe the hidden world of belowground hydrology.
Steve Wondzell with the Pacific Northwest Research
Station and his colleagues conducted several experiments in Montana’s Tenderfoot Creek Experimental
Forest and Oregon’s H.J. Andrews Experimental
Forest to determine which factors control the timing
and location of water inputs from hillslopes to
streams, the movement of water down the stream
channel, and the consequences of these processes on
watershed outputs. They found that the configuration of uplands draining into a watershed strongly
affects the quantities of water delivered to a stream.
In general, water from upper hillslopes reached
the stream only during abundant precipitation and
snow melting, except in places where the landscape
was deeply incised and consistently hydrologically
linked to the channel. These patterns of connectivity
explain the seasonal patterns of runoff observed in
individual watersheds. Other experiments charted
significant gains and losses in water volume within
and along the channel that were due to continual
exchanges between the riparian zone, stream,
and channel subsurface zone. A final facet of the
research focused on the nuanced patterns of stream
fluctuations caused by evapotranspiration from
riparian trees. The researchers found that streamflow velocity governs the marked ebb and flow of
evapotranspiration’s influence on water output at the
stream’s mouth during summer. The findings help
elucidate how routing streamflow through stream
networks affects whole-watershed responses.
Land Use
09-283
►Diaz,
D.D.; Charnley, S.; Gosnell, H. 2009.
Engaging western landowners in climate change
mitigation: a guide to carbon-oriented forest
and range management and carbon market
opportunities. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-801.
Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station.
81 p.
There are opportunities for forest owners and
ranchers to participate in emerging carbon markets
and contribute to climate change mitigation through
carbon oriented forest and range management
activities. These activities often promote sustainable
forestry and ranching and broader conservation
goals while having the potential to provide a new
income stream for landowners. We describe current
carbon market opportunities for landowners, discuss
common steps they must typically undergo to take
advantage of these opportunities, and address
related questions. We also provide a synthesis of the
existing scientific literature on how different forest
and range management practices are thought to
contribute to carbon sequestration, including current
debates on this topic. The science regarding forestry
and carbon sequestration is more advanced and
less controversial than that for range management,
and more opportunities exist for forest owners to
participate in carbon markets than for ranchers. We
describe some of the challenges of including landowners in carbon markets, and issues that will likely
need to be addressed to develop relevant policy.
Keywords: Climate change, forest owners, ranchers,
land management, carbon sequestration, carbon
markets, United States.
http://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/pubs/pnw_gtr801.pdf
Keywords: Watershed dynamics, belowground
hydrology, streamflow, hydrologic connectivity,
hillslope-riparian stream connections.
http://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/sciencef/scifi119.pdf
5
PACIFIC NORTHWEST RESEARCH STATION
Mycology
Monitoring
09-236
10-011
►Bookter,
►Oliver,
A; Woodsmith, R.D.; McCormick, F.H.;
Polivka, K.M. 2009.
Water Quality Trends in the Entiat River
Subbasin: 2007–2008. Res. Note. PNW-RN-653.
Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station.
24 p.
Production of high-quality water is a vitally
important ecosystem service in the largely
semiarid interior Columbia River basin (ICRB).
Communities, tribal governments, and various
agencies are concerned about maintenance of this
water supply for domestic, agricultural, industrial,
recreational, and ecosystem uses. Water quantity
and quality are widely recognized as important
components of habitat for depleted salmonid
populations in the ICRB where a large, multiagency
effort is underway to restore salmon, trout, and
char listed as threatened or endangered under the
federal Endangered Species Act. A particularly
active program of salmonid restoration is ongoing
in the Entiat River subbasin, part of the ICRB that
drains a portion of the eastern slope of the Cascade
Mountains in central Washington State. In the
Entiat River, monitoring of compliance with the
1977 federal Clean Water Act has identified water
temperature and especially pH as water quality
parameters of concern. For these reasons, agencies
and others concerned with production of highquality water and restoration of listed salmonids
require meaningful and efficient approaches to water
quality monitoring.
Keywords: Water quality, monitoring, interior
Columbia River basin (ICRB), salmon restoration,
federal Endangered Species Act, 1977 federal Clean
Water Act, water quality parameters.
http://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/pubs/pnw_rn563.pdf
6
M. 2009.
Ties that bind: Pacific Northwest truffles, trees,
and animals in symbiosis. Science Findings 118.
Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture,
Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station.
6 p.
Soil organisms play essential roles in forest health,
and truffle fungi are one of the more fascinating
groups of these important organisms. After 40
years of specimen collection and study, scientists
with Pacific Northwest Research Station have
published a report documenting how truffle fungi
affect tree survival and growth, perform valuable
functions in nutrient cycling and retention, and serve
as a major food source for many forest animals.
Fungi do not photosynthesize. Instead, many form
symbiotic relationships with the root systems of
shrubs and trees to access essential carbon and
sugars. In return, the fungi enable the trees and
plants to glean valuable phosphorus, nitrogen, and
water from the soil. Forest-dwelling mammals also
rely on truffle fungi to supply vital nutrients, and
these animals must consume the truffle fruit-body
and distribute the spores through their feces to
complete the fungi’s reproductive cycle. Like trees
and animals, truffle fungi are affected by natural
and human-caused landscape disturbances. Studies
show that silvicultural practices such as clearcutting
can drastically reduce truffle fungi populations, but
variable density thinning does not seem to adversely
affect recovery. High-intensity fire that consumes
the litter layer—microhabitat for the fungi—can
also be quite harmful to their populations.
Keywords: Soil organisms, forest health, truffle
fungi, mycorrhiza, symbiosis, nutrient cycling.
http://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/sciencef/scifi118.pdf
Recent Publications of the Pacific Northwest Research Station, Fourth Quarter, 2009
Natural Resources Policy
Regional Assessments
09-153
10-038
►Stern,
►Mazza,
M.J.; Mortimer, M.J. 2009.
Exploring National Environmental Policy Act
processes across federal land management
agencies. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-799. Portland,
OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service,
Pacific Northwest Research Station. 106 p.
Broad discretion is granted at all levels throughout
federal land management agencies regarding compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act
(NEPA). We explored the diversity of procedures
employed in NEPA processes across four agencies,
the USDA Forest Service, the USDI National
Park Service and Bureau of Land Management,
and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, through
document review and interviews with chief NEPA
compliance officers, interdisciplinary team leaders,
team members, and decisionmakers within the
agencies. A lack of consistency is highlighted not
only between, but also within, agencies with regard
to how NEPA is perceived and implemented. This
report focuses on how successful NEPA processes
are defined within each agency and what strategies
are perceived to be the most or least beneficial to
positive NEPA outcomes. It also identifies unresolved questions about NEPA processes and presents
a research strategy for addressing them.
R. 2009.
2009 Science accomplishments report of the
Pacific Northwest Research Station. Portland, OR:
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service,
Pacific Northwest Research Station. 80 p.
This report highlights significant research findings
and accomplishments by scientists at the Pacific
Northwest (PNW) Research Station during fiscal
year 2009. The mission of the PNW Research
Station is to generate and communicate scientific
knowledge that helps people understand and make
informed choices about people, natural resources,
and the environment. The work featured in
this report illustrates the breadth and the depth
of research underway that enables the station
to accomplish this mission and deliver timely
information to those in the management and policy
arenas.
Keywords: Pacific Northwest Research Station,
accomplishments, key findings, climate change, fire,
forest management, fuel, carbon, streams.
http://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/publications/2009-scienceaccomp/09science-accomplishments_pt1.pdf
Keywords: National Environmental Policy
Act, planning, interdisciplinary teams, Forest
Service, National Park Service, Bureau of Land
Management, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
http://www.fs.fed.us/pnw/pubs/pnw_gtr799.pdf
7
PACIFIC NORTHWEST RESEARCH STATION
Journals and Other Publications
The following publications were not published by the Pacific Northwest Research Station,
although the work was supported by the station. These publications may be viewed online at
the USDA Research and Development Treesearch Web site listed under each article. If you
would like a hard copy, you may print the articles from this Web site. For more information
about Treesearch, see page 3 of this report. You may also obtain hard copies through university libraries or from the publisher; some outlets may charge for these services. Forestry libraries in the Northwest receive proceedings volumes and subscribe to the journals in which
PNW authors publish. Some forestry libraries in the Northwest are:
Valley Library
Natural Sciences Library
Oregon State University
Box 352900
Corvallis, OR 97331
University of Washington
(Visit or request article from
Seattle, WA 98195-2900
the Interlibrary Loan section)
(To visit only)
Interlibrary Borrowing Services
Suzzallo Library, FM 25
University of Washington
Seattle, WA 98195
(To request article only)
University of Alaska Library
3211 Providence Drive
Anchorage, AK 99508
(Visit or request article from the
Interlibrary Loan section)
Aquatic/Riparian Systems
►Fellman,
J.B.; D’Amore, D.V.; Hood, E. 2008.
Biometrics
►Eskelson,
B.N.I.; Temesgen, H.; Barrett, T.M. 2008.
An evaluation of freezing as a preservation
technique for analyzing dissolved organic C, N
and P in surface water samples. Science of the
Total Environment. 392: 305–312.
Estimating current forest attributes from
paneled inventory data using plot-level
imputation: a study from the Pacific Northwest.
Forest Science. 55(1): 64–71.
Keywords: Dissolved organic carbon, freezing,
stream chemistry.
Keywords: Moving average, weighted moving
average, nearest neighbor imputation, missing
panels.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34594
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34557
►Fellman,
J.B.; Hood, E.; Edwards, R.T.; D’Amore,
D.V. 2009.
Changes in the concentration, biodegradability,
and fluorescent properties of dissolved organic
matter during stormflows in coastal temperate
watersheds. Journal of Geophysical Research. 114:
G01021. 14 p.
Keywords: Wetland watershed, stormflow,
dissolved organic matter, dissolved organic carbon,
fluorescence.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34593
8
►Garber,
2009.
S.M.; Temesgen, H.; Monleon, V.J. [et al.].
Effects of height imputation strategies on stand
volume estimation. Canadian Journal of Forest
Research. 39: 694–703.
Keywords: Stand volume estimation, predictive
performance, tree height imputation.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34580
Recent Publications of the Pacific Northwest Research Station, Fourth Quarter, 2009
►Gould,
2008.
P.; Johnson, R.; Marshall, D.; Johnson, G.
Estimation of genetic-gain multipliers for
modeling Douglas-fir height and diameter
growth. Forest Science. 54(6): 588–596.
Keywords: Tree improvement, growth models,
progeny tests, Pacific Northwest.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34483
Botany
►Cline,
M.G.; Bhave, N.; Harrington, C. 2009.
The possible roles of nutrient deprivation and
auxin repression in apical control. Trees. 23:
489–500.
Keywords: Apical control, branching, lateral buds,
nutrients, auxin.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34490
Ecosystem Structure and Function
►van
Fire/Fuels
►Littell,
J.S.; McKenzie, D.; Peterson, D.L.;
Westerling, A.L. 2009.
Climate and wildfire area burned in western U.S.
ecoprovinces, 1916-2003. Ecological Applications.
19(4): 1003–1021.
Keywords: Paleofire, climate change, fire history,
fire regimes, ecoprovinces, fuels.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34500
►Soares
Neto, T.G.; Carvalho, J.A., Jr.; Veras, C.A.
[et al.]. 2009.
Biomass consumption and CO2, CO and main
hydrocarbon gas emissions in an Amazonian
forest clearing fire. Atmospheric Environment. 43:
438–446.
Keywords: Amazonian forest fires, biomass
consumption, gas emissions.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34605
Mantgem, P.J.; Stephenson, N.L.; Byrne, J.C.
Fish
[et al.]. 2009.
Widespread increase of tree mortality rates in the
Western United States. Science. 323: 521–524.
Keywords: Climate change, mortality, permanent
plots.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34581
Economics
►Patterson,
►Bisson,
Freshwater ecosystems and resilience of Pacific
salmon: habitat management based on natural
variability. Ecology and Society. 14(1): 45.
Keywords: Pacific salmon, habitat restoration,
watershed processes, natural variation.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34601
T.M.; Coelho, D.L. 2009.
Ecosystem services: foundations, opportunities,
and challenges for the forest products sector.
Forest Ecology and Management. 257(8): 1637–1646.
Keywords: Ecosystem services, natural resource
management, forest products.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/32600
P.; Dunham, J.B.; Reeves, G. 2009.
Forest Management
►Black,
B.; Abrams, M.; Rentch, J.; Gould, P. 2009.
Properties of boundary-line release criteria in
North American tree species. Annals of Forest
Science. 66: 205. 11 p.
Keywords: Dendrochronology, disturbance ecology,
forest ecology, release criteria.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34555
9
PACIFIC NORTHWEST RESEARCH STATION
Forest Management
► Erickson,
H.; Harrignton, C.A.; Marshall, D. 2009.
Tree growth at stand and individual scales in two
dual-species mixture experiments in southern
Washington State, USA. Canadian Journal of
Forest Research. 39: 1119–1132.
Keywords: Stand yield, species mixtures, forest
monocultures, competitive interactions.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34509
►K luber,
M.R.; Olson, D.H.; Puettmann, K.J. 2009.
Downed wood microclimates and their potential
impact on plethodontid salamander habitat in
the Oregon Coast Range. Northwest Science.
83(1): 25–34.
Keywords: Plethodontid salamander, habitat,
managed headwater forests, downed wood thermal
profiles, microclimate.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34558
►Weiskittel,
A.; Gould, P.J.; Temesgen, H. 2009.
Sources of variation in the self-thinning
boundary line for three species with varying
levels of shade tolerance. Forest Science. 55(1):
84–93.
Geomorphology and Hydrology
►Jencso,
2009.
K.G.; McGlynn, B.L.; Gooseff, M.N. [et al.].
Hydrologic connectivity between landscapes
and streams: transferring reach- and plot-scale
understanding to the catchment scale. Water
Resources Research. 45: W04428. 16 p.
Keywords: Hydrologic connectivity, runoff
generation, catchment topology, upslope
accumulated area.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34603
►Wondzell,
2009.
S.M.; LaNier, J.; Haggerty, R. [et al.].
Changes in hyporheic exchange flow following
experimental wood removal in a small lowgradient stream. Water Resources Research. 45:
13.
Keywords: Hyporheic, large wood, streams,
riparian, residence time, downwelling, upwelling,
Alaska.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34460
Genetics
►St.Clair,
B.; Howe, G. 2009.
Keywords: Stochastic frontier analysis, stand
dynamics, self-thinning, Douglas-fir, red alder,
western hemlock, Pacific Northwest, stand density
index.
Genetic options for adapting forests to climate
changes. Western Forester. 54(1): 7–11.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34585
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34501
Keywords: Climate change, genetic management,
gene conservation, assisted migration.
►Willyard,
A.; Cronn, R.; Liston, A. 2009.
Reticulate evolution and incomplete lineage
sorting among the ponderosa pines. Molecular
Phylogenetics and Evolution. 52: 498-511.
Keywords: Pinus, pine, hybridization, low copy
nuclear loci, reticulate evolution, LEA, WD-40,
trnG.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34458
10
Recent Publications of the Pacific Northwest Research Station, Fourth Quarter, 2009
Invasive Plants and Animals
►Hebel,
C.L.; Smith, J.E.; Cromack, K., Jr. 2009.
Invasive plant species and soil microbial response
to wildfire burn severity in the Cascade Range of
Oregon. Applied Soil Ecology. 42: 150–159.
Keywords: Invasive plants, soil burn severity,
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, soil microbial
communities.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34600
Plant Ecology
►Bucci,
S.J.; Scholz, F.G.; Goldstein, G. [et al.]. 2008.
Water relations and hydraulic architecture in
Cerrado trees: adjustments to seasonal changes
in water availability and evaporative demand.
Journal of Plant Physiology. 20(3): 233–245.
Keywords: Isohydric behavior, hydraulic
conductivity, soil water potential and water content,
savanna, stomatal conductance, transpiration.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34480
Invertebrates
►Ruiz,
E.A.; Rinehart, J.E.; Hayes, J.L. [et al.]. 2009.
►Domec,
J.C.; Meinzer, F.C.; Lachenbruch, B. 2009.
Effect of geographic isolation on genetic
differentiation in Dendroctonus pseudotsugae
(Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Hereditas. 146:
79–92.
Safety factors for xylem failure by implosion and
air-seeding within roots, trunks and branches of
young and old conifer trees. IAWA Journal. 30(2):
100–120.
Keywords: Population structure, genetic
differentiation, isolation by distance, mtDNA,
RAPD.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34485
Keywords: Cell wall, embolism, juvenile wood,
mature wood, tracheid, water transport.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34505
Mycology
►Trappe,
J.; Claridge, A. 2009.
Report: Arcangeliella claridgei Comb. nov. and
A. Corkii comb. nov. transferred from the genus
Zelleromyces. Australian Mycologist. 27(2): 117.
Keywords: Mycology, Arcangeliella, Zelleromyces.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34462
►Giambelluca,
T.; Scholz, F.; Bucci, S. [et al.]. 2009.
Evapotranspiration and energy balance of
Brazilian savannas with contrasting tree density.
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology. 149: 1365–
1376.
Keywords: Tropical savannas, land-atmosphere
interaction, leaf area index, soil moisture.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34484
►Johnson,
D.M.; Meinzer, F.C.; Woodruff, D.R.
[et al.]. 2009.
Leaf xylem embolism, detected acoustically and
by cryo-SEM, corresponds to decreases in leaf
hydraulic conductance in four evergreen species.
Plant, Cell and Environment. 32: 828–836.
Keywords: Cavitation, drought stress, transpiration,
water potential.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34511
11
PACIFIC NORTHWEST RESEARCH STATION
Plant Ecology
►Peter,
►
D.H.; Agee, J.K.; Sprugel, D.G. 2009.
►Shaw,
D.C.; Ernest, K.A.; Rinker, H. B.; Lowman,
M.D. 2006.
Bud damage from controlled heat treatments in
Quercus garryana. Trees. 23: 381–390.
Stand-level herbivory in an old-growth conifer
forest canopy. Western North American Naturalist.
66(4): 473–481.
Keywords: Bud, floral primordia, flowering, heat
damage, Quercus garryana.
Keywords: Herbivory, old-growth, conifers, Wind
River Canopy Crane.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34582
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34597
Peter, D.; Harrington, C.A. 2009.
►Scholz,
F.G.; Bucci, S.J.; Goldtein, G. [et al.]. 2008.
Six years of plant community development after
clearcut harvesting in western Washington.
Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 39: 308–319.
Biophysical and life-history determinants of
hydraulic lift in Neotropical savanna trees.
Functional Ecology. 22: 773–786.
Keywords: Succession, slash removal, clearcut,
species richness, herbicide, Pseudotsuga menziesii.
Keywords: Hydraulic redistribution, leaf phenology,
nocturnal transpiration, root architecture, root
conductivity.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34583
►Peter,
D.; Harrington, C.A. 2009.
Synchronicity and geographic variation in
Oregon white oak acorn production in the Pacific
Northwest. Northwest Science. 83(2): 117–130.
Keywords: Oregon white oak, Quercus garryana,
acorn production, masting.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34599
►Phillips,
N.G.; Scholz, F.; Bucci, S. [et al.]. 2009.
Using branch and basal trunk sap flow
measurements to estimate whole-plant water
capacitance: comment on Burgess and Dawson
(2008). Plant Soil. 315: 315–324.
Keywords: Hydraulic capacitance, stem water
storage, cohesion-tension theory, sap flow
techniques.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34590
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34589
►Scholz,
F.G.; Bucci, S.J.; Goldstein, G. [et al.]. 2008.
Plant- and stand-level variation in biophysical
and physiological traits along tree density
gradients in the Cerrado. Brazilian Journal of
Plant Physiology. 20(3): 217–232.
Keywords: Gallery forest, hydraulic architecture,
nutrients, savannas, specific leaf area, wood density.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34489
Recreation
►Stern,
2009.
M.J.; Blahna, D.J.; Cerveny, L.K. [et al.].
Visions of success and achievement in recreationrelated USDA Forest Service NEPA processes.
Environmental Impact Assessment Review. 29:
220–228.
Keywords: National Environmental Policy Act,
recreation planning, travel management, public
access.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/33282
12
Recent Publications of the Pacific Northwest Research Station, Fourth Quarter, 2009
Remote Sensing
►Hayes,
2008.
D.J.; Cohen, W.B.; Sader, S.A.; Irwin, D.E.
Estimating proportional change in forest cover
as a continuous variable from multi-year MODIS
data. Remote Sensing of Environment. 112: 735–
749.
Keywords: MODIS, regression models, tropical
forests, land cover, land use change.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34488
►Kennedy,
2009.
R.E.; Townsend, P.A.; Gross, J.E. [et al.].
Remote sensing change detection tools for natural
resource managers: understanding concepts and
tradeoffs in the design of landscape monitoring
projects. Remote Sensing of Environment. 113:
1382–1396.
Keywords: Monitoring, change detection, natural
resource management, landscape ecology, protected
areas.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34510
►Powell,
S.L.; Cohen, W.B.; Yang, Z. [et al.]. 2008.
Quantification of impervious surface in the
Snohomish Water Resources Inventory Area of
western Washington from 1972-2006. Remote
Sensing of Environment. 112: 1895–1908.
Keywords: Impervious surface, Landsat,
multitemporal, change detection, urban sprawl,
spectral unmixing, Washington State.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34507
Silviculture
►Devine,
W.D.; Harrington, T. 2008.
Belowground competition influences growth
of natural regeneration in thinned Douglas-fir
stands. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 38:
3085–3097.
Keywords: Douglas-fir, regeneration, nitrogen, soil
water, competition, understory.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34486
►Harrington,
T.; Harrington, C.; DeBell, D.S. 2009.
Effects of planting spacing and site quality on
25-year growth and mortality relationships
of Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var.
menziesii). Forest Ecology and Management. 258:
18–25.
Keywords: Stand density, competition, crown ratio,
plantation.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34487
►Harrington,
C.A.; Schuette, W. 2009.
Evaluating sites for planting hardwoods in the
Pacific Northwest. Western Forester. 54(2): 12–13.
Keywords: Hardwoods, red alder, hybrid poplar, site
evaluation, soils.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34503
►Harrington,
T.; Tappeiner, J.C., II. 2009.
Long-term effects of tanoak competition on
Douglas-fir stand development. Canadian Journal
of Forest Research. 39: 765–776.
Keywords: Hardwood competition, conifer
plantation, precommercial thinning, black stain root
disease.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34596
13
PACIFIC NORTHWEST RESEARCH STATION
Silviculture
►Hummel,
Susan S. 2009.
Branch and crown dimensions of Douglas-fir
trees harvested from old-growth forests in
Washington, Oregon, and California during the
1960s. Northwest Science. 83(3): 239–252.
Keywords: Douglas-fir, western North America, oldgrowth forests, branch and crown dimensions.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34502
►McIver,
J.; Youngblood, A.; Stephens, S. 2009.
The national Fire and Fire Surrogate study:
ecological consequences of fuel reduction methods
in seasonally dry forests. Ecological Society of
America. (19)2: 283–284.
Keywords: Dry forest restoration, forest policy, fuels
management, ponderosa pine.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34602
►Prichard,
Keywords: Pacific Northwest, North Cascades
Range, vegetation history, fire history, lake sediment
charcoal, Holocene.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34506
2009.
2009.
S.; Moghaddas, J.J.; Edminster, C. [et al.].
Fire treatment effects on vegetation structure,
fuels, and potential fire severity in Western U.S.
forests. Ecological Applications. 19(2): 305–320.
Keywords: Fire hazard, fire policy, fire suppression,
fire resistance, fuel management, fuel treatment,
mixed conifer, ponderosa pine, wildfire.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34459
►Youngblood,
A.; Grace, J.B.; McIver, J. 2009.
Delayed conifer mortality after fuel reduction
treatments: interactive effects of fuel, fire
intensity, and bark beetles. Ecological
Applications. 19(2): 321–337.
Keywords: Burning, Douglas-fir, latent mortality,
path models, ponderosa pine, restoration treatments,
stand structure, structural equation modeling,
thinning.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34463
S.; Gedalof, Z.; Olwald, W.W. [et al.]. 2009.
Holocene fire and vegetation dynamics in
a montane forest, North Cascade Range,
Washington, USA. Quaternary Research. 72:
57–67.
►Schwilk,
►Stephens,
D.W.; Keeley, J.E.; Knapp, E.E. [et al.].
The national Fire and Fire Surrogate study:
effects of fuel reduction methods on forest
vegetation structure and fuels. Ecological
Applications. 19(2): 285–304.
Keywords: Delayed mortality, dry forests, forest
management, hazard reduction, prescribed burning,
species richness, thinning.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34598
Soil
►Boyle-Yarwood,
2008.
S.A.; Bottomley, P.J.; Myrold, D.D.
Community composition of ammonia-oxidizing
bacteria and archaea in soils under stands of red
alder and Douglas-fir in Oregon. Environmental
Microbiology. 10(11): 2956–2965.
Keywords: Soil biology, nitrogen cycling, bacteria,
Douglas-fir, red alder.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34586
►Griffiths,
2009.
R.P.; Madritch, M.D.; Swanson, A.K.
The effects of topography on forest soil
characteristics in the Oregon Cascade Mountains
(USA): implications for the effects of climate
change on soil properties. Forest Ecology and
Management. 257: 1–7.
Keywords: Soil, soil biology, soil organic matter,
climate change.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34595
14
Recent Publications of the Pacific Northwest Research Station, Fourth Quarter, 2009
►Kageyama,
S.A.; Posavatz, N.R.; Waterstripe, K.E.
[et al.]. 2008.
Fungal and bacterial communities across
meadow-forest ecotones in the western Cascades
of Oregon. Canadian Journal of Forest Research. 38:
1053–1060.
Keywords: Soil biology, fungi, bacteria, meadows,
mycorrhizae.
►Pauli,
J.N.; Ben-David, M.; Buskirk, S. [et al.]. 2009.
An isotopic technique to mark mid-sized
vertebrates non-invasively. Journal of Zoology.
278: 141–148.
Keywords: American marten, carbon, deuterium,
nitrogen, mesocarnivore, movement, ranging.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34508
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34588
►Strahm,
2009.
B.D.; Harrison, R.B.; Terry, T.A. [et al.].
Changes in dissolved organic matter with depth
suggest the potential for postharvest organic
matter retention to increase subsurface soil
carbon pools. Forest Ecology and Management.
258: 2347–2352.
Keywords: Dissolved organic carbon, dissolved
organic nitrogen, DOC:DON ratio, forest
management, harvest intensity, carbon flux.
Wood Utilization
►Nicholls,
D.; Monserud, R.; Dykstra, D. 2009.
International bioenergy synthesis—lessons
learned and opportunities for the Western United
States. Forest Ecology and Management. 257(8):
1647–1655.
Keywords: Bioenergy, international, ecosystem
services, wood pellets, district heating.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/32584
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34461
Wildlife
►Aubry,
2009.
K.B.; Statham, M.J.; Sacks, B.N. [et al.].
Phylogeography of the North American red fox:
vicariance in Pleistocene forest refugia. Molecular
Ecology. 18: 2668–2686.
Keywords: Beringian land bridge, glacial refugia,
phylogeography, Pleistocene, red fox, Vulpes vulpes.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34482
►Long,
R.A.; Rachlow, J.L.; Kie, J.C. 2009.
Sex-specific responses of North American elk
to habitat manipulation. Journal of Mammalogy.
90(2): 423–432.
Keywords: Habitat manipulation, mechanical
thinning, prescribed fire, sexual segregation,
utilization distribution, Cervus elaphus.
http://www.treesearch.fs.fed.us/pubs/34504
15
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