Appendix C
List of Witnesses
The following is a list of witnesses who appeared before the Commission in open or
closed sessions. Affiliations listed are as of the date of the appearance.
March 16, 1995
Washington, D.C.
Richard L. Haver, Executive Director, Intelligence
Community Affairs
Adm. William O. Studeman, USN, Acting Director of
Central Intelligence; Deputy Director of Central
Intelligence; former Director, National Security Agency
March 17, 1995
Washington, D.C.
Lt. Gen. James R. Clapper, Jr., USAF, Director, Defense
Intelligence Agency
William P. Crowell, Deputy Director, National Security
Agency
Maj. Gen. Brett Dula, USAF, Deputy Director, Central
Imagery Office
Louis J. Freeh, Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation
Toby T. Gati, Assistant Secretary of State for Intelligence
and Research
Keith R. Hall, Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense,
Intelligence & Security
Jeffrey K. Harris, Director, National Reconnaissance Office
& Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Space
Leo Hazlewood, Executive Director, Central Intelligence
Agency
April 6, 1995
Washington, D.C.
Nancy Bone, Director, National Photographic Interpretation
Center
Dr. Annette Krygiel, Director, Central Imagery Office
C-1
Appendix C
Maj. Gen. John A. Leide, USA, Director, National Military
Intelligence Collection Center, Defense Intelligence
Agency
Vice Adm. John M. McConnell, USN, Director, National
Security Agency
Hugh E. Price, Deputy Director for Operations, Central
Intelligence Agency
April 7, 1995
Washington, D.C.
Joan Dempsey, Director, National Military Intelligence
Production Center, Defense Intelligence Agency
Toby T. Gati, Assistant Secretary of State for Intelligence
and Research
Jeffrey K. Harris, Director, National Reconnaissance Office
& Assistant Secretary of the Air Force for Space
Maj. Gen. John A. Leide, USA, Director, National Military
Intelligence Collection Center, Defense Intelligence
Agency
Dr. Joseph Markowitz, Director, Community Open Source
Program Office, Central Intelligence Agency
Douglas J. MacEachin, Deputy Director for Intelligence,
Central Intelligence Agency
Dr. Christine Williams, Chair, National Intelligence
Council
April 18, 1995
Cambridge, Massachusetts
Graham T. Allison, Jr., Professor, John F. Kennedy School
of Government, Harvard University
Robert Art, Professor, Brandeis University
Michael C. Desch, Professor, Olin Institute for Strategic
Studies, Harvard University
Samuel P. Huntington, Professor and Director of the Olin
Institute for Strategic Studies, Harvard University
C-2
Appendix C
Ernest R. May, Professor and Director of the Warren Center
for Studies in American History, Harvard University
Anthony G. Oettinger, Professor, Harvard University
Richard Pipes, Professor, Harvard University
Steven P. Rosen, Professor and Associate Director of the
Olin Institute for Strategic Studies, Harvard University
Harvey M. Sapolsky, Professor, Massachusetts Institute of
Technology
Philip Zelikow, Associate Professor, John F. Kennedy School
of Government, Harvard University
April 20, 1995
Milwaukee, Wisconsin
Tim Cullen, President, Government Programs Division,
Blue Cross & Blue Shield United of Wisconsin
Kristine M. Krause, Vice President, Wisconsin Electric
Power Company
James A. Wier, Executive Vice President, Briggs & Stratton
Corporation
John Yingling, Vice President and Director, Government
Affairs, Firstar Corporation
May 5, 1995
Williamsburg, Virginia
Lt. Gen. James R. Clapper, Jr., USAF, Director, Defense
Intelligence Agency
Leo Hazlewood, Executive Director, Central Intelligence
Agency
May 6, 1995
Williamsburg, Virginia
Robert M. Gates, former Director of Central Intelligence
June 1, 1995
Washington, D.C.
Dr. Joseph S. Nye, Jr., Assistant Secretary of Defense for
International Security Affairs; former Chairman,
National Intelligence Council
Dr. William J. Perry, Secretary of Defense
C-3
Appendix C
Lt. Gen. Brent Scowcroft, USAF (Ret.), former Assistant to
the President for National Security Affairs
June 2, 1995
Washington, D.C.
Ronald H. Brown, Secretary of Commerce
Ambassador Robert L. Gallucci, Ambassador-at-Large
Ambassador Mickey Kantor, United States Trade
Representative
Adm. William A. Owens, USN, Vice Chairman, Joint Chiefs
of Staff
July 14, 1995
Washington, D.C.
Richard M. Helms, former Director of Central Intelligence
Douglas J. MacEachin, Deputy Director for Intelligence,
Central Intelligence Agency
John N. McMahon, former Deputy Director of Central
Intelligence
Judge William H. Webster, former Director of Central
Intelligence; former Director, Federal Bureau of
Investigation
R. James Woolsey, former Director of Central Intelligence
August 3, 1995
Washington, D.C.
Larry Cox, Vice President, Washington Operations, David
Sarnoff Research Center
Dr. Richard O. Hundley, Senior Physical Scientist,
RAND Corporation
Anthony Lake, Assistant to the President for National
Security Affairs
Robert D. Steele, President, Open Source Solutions Group
August 4, 1995
Washington, D.C.
Minoru Sam Araki, President, Lockheed Martin Missiles &
Space Company, Inc., Lockheed Martin
C-4
Appendix C
James W. Boginis, Vice President, Management & Data
Systems, Washington Special Projects Office, Lockheed
Martin
John M. Deutch, Director of Central Intelligence
Ken K. Kobayashi, General Manager, Systems Applications,
Hughes Space & Communications Company
Tidal W. McCoy, Vice President for Government Relations,
Thiokol Corporation
Randolph Pherson, Global Visions Group
Paul J. Redmond, Jr., Associate Deputy Director for
Operations/Counterintelligence, Central Intelligence
Agency
Jeffrey T. Richelson, Author
Maj. Gen. William R. Usher, USAF (Ret.), Director,
Washington Special Projects Office, Lockheed Martin
Michael J. Waguespack, Director, National
Counterintelligence Center
David Wise, Author
September 16, 1995
Xerox Training & Conference Center, Leesburg,
Virginia
David S.C. Chu, RAND Corporation
Arnold Kanter, RAND Corporation
John Y. Schrader, RAND Corporation
October 12, 1995
Washington, D.C.
Maj. Gen. Bowen Ballard, USAF, Assistant Chief of Staff,
Intelligence, U.S. Air Force
Richard D. Calder, Chief, Operations and Resources
Management Staff, Directorate of Operations, Central
Intelligence Agency
Jeremy Clark, Acting Deputy Assistant Secretary of
Defense, Intelligence & Security
C-5
Appendix C
Rear Adm. Michael W. Cramer, USN, Director of Naval
Intelligence
Dennis Fitzgerald, Director, Office of Systems Applications,
National Reconnaissance Office
Maj. Gen. Patrick M. Hughes, USA, Director for
Intelligence (J-2), The Joint Staff
Lt. Gen. Paul E. Menoher, USA, Deputy Chief of Staff for
Intelligence, U.S. Army
Lt. Gen. Kenneth Minihan, USAF, Director, Defense
Intelligence Agency
Maj. Gen. David Richwine, USMC, Assistant Chief of Staff,
Command, Control, Communications, Computer and
Intelligence; Director of Intelligence, U.S. Marine Corps
November 9, 1995
Washington, D.C.
Eugene Armstrong, Ames Damage Assessment Team,
Central Intelligence Agency
Vice Adm. Dennis C. Blair, USN, Associate Director of
Central Intelligence for Military Support
Dr. Richard N. Cooper, Chairman, National Intelligence
Council
Jack Davis, former analyst, Central Intelligence Agency
Lloyd Feldman, Ames Damage Assessment Team, Central
Intelligence Agency
Allan E. Goodman, Professor, Georgetown University
John E. McLaughlin, Vice Chairman for Estimates,
National Intelligence Council
January 19, 1996
Washington, D.C.
William P. Barr, Senior Vice President and General
Counsel, GTE Corporation; former Attorney General
C-6
Appendix C
Frank C. Carlucci, Chairman, Carlyle Group; former
Secretary of Defense; former Assistant to the President
for National Security Affairs; former Deputy Director
of Central Intelligence
Hank Cohen, representing the American Foreign Service
Association; former Ambassador
Dr. Richard N. Haass, Director of National Security
Programs and Senior Fellow, Council on Foreign
Relations; former Senior Director for Near East and
South Asian Affairs, National Security Council Staff
Adm. Bob R. Inman, USN (Ret.), former Director, National
Security Agency; former Deputy Director of Central
Intelligence
James R. Lilley, Director of Asian Studies, American
Enterprise Institute; former Ambassador to the People’s
Republic of China and Ambassador to the Republic of
Korea
Dr. Joseph S. Nye, Jr., Dean, John F. Kennedy School of
Government, Harvard University; former Assistant
Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs;
former Chairman, National Intelligence Council
February 2, 1996
Washington, D.C.
John M. Deutch, Director of Central Intelligence
C-7