ARIZONA COOP E R AT I V E
E TENSION
THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND LIFE SCIENCES
the value of volunteers to cooperative extension and to arizona
June 2010
They Are Your Neighbors
Their enthusiasm is contagious. Working
in their community, volunteers share recent
breakthroughs in research that can be applied
in Arizona to gardening, water conservation,
nutrition, physical activity, health and food safety,
money management, and more. Teaching young
people and old, volunteers increase the outreach
and educational programs of the University of
Arizona and Arizona Cooperative Extension.
Specialized training from Cooperative
Extension faculty and staff is the key to success.
Other than their curiosity and zeal, they usually
bring no prior experience or training in an area.
Most receive up to 50 hours of science-based
education from University faculty.
In exchange for their training, most
Cooperative Extension volunteer programs
require volunteer hours, using a “train-the-trainer”
10,395 volunteers x
159,998 hours =
$3.2 million contribution
to Arizona
model. This method results in a multiplier effect,
since volunteers are able to reach a much
wider audience than one-on-one efforts by
University faculty. Many commit to giving back
up to 200 hours of volunteer service to the public
through phone consultations, workshops and
demonstrations.
In 2009, Arizona Cooperative Extension had
10,395 volunteers, logging 159,998 volunteer
hours. Both Cooperative Extension and the
community reap economic benefits from time
donated. In Arizona the average hourly exchange
rate is valued at $20.25 (as reported by the
U.S. Department of Labor’s Bureau of Labor
Statistics). This translates to a contribution of over
$3.2 million by volunteers through Cooperative
Extension statewide programs to the people of
Arizona.
Guiding Arizona’s Youth
4-H is the largest
youth-serving
organization in the
world. It is the youth
education component of
Cooperative Extension,
which is conducted
jointly by the U.S.
Department of Agriculture, the state land grant
university (the University of Arizona), and county
government. In Arizona, participation is open to
all youth aged 5-19. Children between the ages
of 5-8 participate in a non-competitive program
called “CloverBuds.” Youth aged 9-19 years
can compete for various awards in the 4-H Club
Program. A volunteer leader is the backbone of
the Arizona 4-H Youth Development programs.
This partnership of Cooperative Extension
professionals, working cooperatively with
certified volunteer leaders, provided non-formal
educational programs and experiences for more
than 111,000 young Arizonans in 2009.
4-H Youth Development volunteers lead
workshops to share knowledge with young
people, chaperone field trips and leadership
conferences, work in partnership (adults and
youth) to lead 4-H clubs, activities and events,
help plan and conduct events, recruit other
volunteers, develop and evaluate 4-H Youth
Development programs, and contribute through
promoting and supporting 4-H programs.
One example of adapting new technologies
for youth is the Arizona 4-H GIS/GPS technology
project. Volunteers, faculty and staff teach about
the use of a variety of GPS (Global Positioning
System) units and selected GIS (Geographic
Information System) computer programs and
employment opportunities. Local workshops
include field trips to collect GPS data which were
entered into the National 4-H Youth “Favorite
Places” web site.
extension.arizona.edu/4-h
Caring for the Land
Master Gardeners
Arizona has long been a destination for
newcomers unfamiliar with its challenging growing
conditions. Throughout Arizona, master gardeners
create and maintain demonstration gardens which
showcase new plants, new planting methods,
composting, and new irrigation methods.
In 13 Arizona counties, trained volunteers teach
environmentally responsible gardening in a dry
climate, whether it’s in
the desert or at 7,000
feet. Master Gardeners
answer literally
thousands of questions,
and a statewide web site
is available for gardeners no matter where they live.
In Maricopa County alone, about 400 well-organized
and well-trained volunteers consistently donate
about 28,000 hours annually fielding telephone calls
coming into the main Cooperative Extension office
and three satellite locations. In addition, an average
of 20 Master Gardeners volunteer in area schools
each year, working directly with students.
In Cochise County, the Master Gardener Basic
Training Course (a 14-week, 42 hour class) certifies
volunteers who then contribute a minimum of
50 hours of service each year in support of the
program. Certified Master Gardeners answered
clientele inquiries, completed projects and
contributed 3,325 volunteer hours in 2009.
Master Gardeners are promoting the concept
of an “earth-friendly backyard” that teaches about
saving energy and water, using gray water while
preserving water quality, and using integrated pest
management techniques to control plant problems.
And it works. About 75 percent of clients said they
were willing to use alternatives to pesticides and
95 percent said they would contact Cooperative
Extension again when they had a gardening
question.
Master Watershed
Stewards are trained
volunteers who
participate in over 40
hours of course work,
learning the basics of watershed management,
science and technology. In 2009, we had 450
Stewards in 25 communities across Arizona. Once
certified, our Stewards are trained to work with
community organizations, including watershed
partnerships and various state agencies, to
implement projects throughout Arizona to protect,
monitor, maintain and restore the health of our
state’s land and water resources. These volunteers
help with water and vegetation monitoring, mapping
and restoration projects, water conservation efforts,
and serve as educators and advocates for local
watershed health. They provide over 2,000 hours
of service to improving Arizona’s watersheds and
enriching our communities each year.
Water Wise is an
educational program
on water conservation.
Based in Cochise
County, in 2009 the
residential program
provided 114 on-site visits, 26 workshops,
two Xeriscape landscape tours, a rainwater
harvesting tour and staffed 17 information
tables at community events. An estimated 1,566
direct contacts were made. The commercial
program conducted 30 Industrial, Commercial
and Institutional (ICI) building audits saving an
estimated 10.66 acre foot of water. Eleven Sierra
Vista Sub-watershed schools were retrofitted
through the Upper San Pedro Partnerships
Water Conservation Grant Program. A “Gray
Water Plumbing Workshop for Plumbers” was
attended by 40 professionals. Water Wise made
a big outreach splash with over 70 articles in city
and county papers, 3 radio interviews, a 1,455
member mailing list, 16,000 plus educational
brochures given out, and 4 transit bus signs were
installed.
cals.arizona.edu/extension/mastergardener
Master Watershed Stewards
cals.arizona.edu/watershedsteward
Water Wise
2 The University of Arizona Cooperative Extension
cals.arizona.edu/cochise/waterwise
Arizona Project WET (Water Education for Teachers)
Arizona Project WET (APW) promotes
responsible water stewardship through effective
water education for teachers, educators, students
and citizen scientists statewide. Managed through
the UA Water Resources Research Center arm of
Arizona Cooperative Extension, APW collaborates
statewide with community partners, develops master
facilitators, integrates
water education into
school curricula,
disseminates classroomready water lessons
and teacher tools, and conducts research and
evaluation of educational programs. APW engages
adults and students in learning about Arizona’s
water resources and conservation through effective
teaching methods. Arizona Water Festivals (AWFs)
were conducted across the state in Chandler, Deer
Valley, Flagstaff, Gila River Indian Community,
Safford, Sierra Vista, Tucson, Yuma, Fountain Hills,
Nogales, Payson, Cottonwood, Apache Junction
and Maricopa with Ak-Chin involvement. From
2007-June 2010, 16,252 students, 763 teachers,
and 899 parents participated, along with 1,230
volunteers. All volunteers participated in 8 hours
of service including a mandatory training where
they learned to teach water festival lessons and
provide instruction at the water festival for a total
of 9,840 hours of volunteer service. Volunteers are
integral to the success of AWFs. They generally
are from federal, state, county and city agencies,
private or public companies, or industry. Meticulous
teaching and modeling of AWF lessons, perfected
through formative evaluation over the years,
prepare volunteers to instruct students through the
mandatory training session. This ensures that each
student has a quality learning experience.
APW’s newest initiative, the School Water
Audit Program (SWAP), utilizes volunteers to
lead cooperative learning groups of middle school
students as they audit water use and measure
water savings at their schools. Volunteers take part
in a hand-ons, 3-4 hour training designed to enable
them to lead students in conducting the SWAP.
Thus far, 51 volunteers in Cottonwood and Tucson
have logged a total of 300 hours working directly
with middle school students.
monitoring networks run by state and federal
agencies collect these observations and make it
difficult to achieve the spatial coverage necessary
to adequately characterize precipitation patterns
across the state. University of Arizona SAHRA
(Sustainability of Semi-Arid Hydrology and
Riparian Areas) and Cooperative Extension
launched a surprisingly low-tech effort in 2005
to help increase the coverage of precipitation
observations across the state. Almost 2,000
volunteers with a backyard rain gauge and
access to a computer have contributed thousands
of precipitation observations over the past
several years to rainlog.org. These observations
have been used in tracking drought, monitoring
changes in local water resources, and in research
efforts to control the spread of invasive species. In
addition, rainlog.org has served as an educational
tool to engage the public in concepts related to
climate variability and change and impacts to
local water resources.
cals.arizona.edu/arizonawet
Rainlog
Community-based precipitation monitoring
Precipitation observations are critical for
keeping an eye on the health of land and water
resources in a dry state like Arizona. However,
such observations are sparsely located and
difficult to access. Expensive and complicated
rainlog.org
Arizona NEMO – Wet/Dry Mapping Program
Careful management is necessary to ensure
the sustainability of water resources, community
character, and the long-term economic and
environmental health of Arizona. The Arizona
NEMO (Nonpoint Education for Municipal
Officials) program addresses these important
issues through natural resource-based planning,
public stakeholder education, GIS (Geographic
Information System)
mapping and analysis,
as well as watershed
planning and modeling.
The NEMO Wet/Dry
Mapping program is a
prime example of how
Arizona NEMO endeavors to educate the public
about important environmental issues in their
watersheds.
The main objective of the monitoring program
is to create a map that shows where water is
present, and where it is not, in the driest time of
the year immediately prior to the monsoon rains
of summer. Volunteers map during the “dry”
season, entering information as to river base-flow,
and the interrelationship between surface water
and groundwater is thus better understood. The
goal of yearly monitoring is to create an ongoing
record of changes in that flow. While the record
of any single year is interesting, it is a record for
multiple years that identifies long-term trends in
the river flow.
In addition, the NEMO Wet/Dry Mapping
program strives to build community participation,
provide outreach education on the importance of
long-term monitoring of our natural environment,
and foster understanding of and responsibility
for the health of Arizona watersheds. NEMO
empowers targeted watershed groups in Arizona
by training volunteers to use GPS units, analyze
water quality samples, and monitor their own
hydrologic systems. Currently, the NEMO Wet/
Dry Mapping program is active along the Gila
River near Duncan, as well as the Agua Fria River
north of Phoenix.
nemo.srnr.arizona.edu/nemo
The University of Arizona Cooperative Extension 3
Caring for the Individual
Arizona Cooperative Extension faculty and staff, in partnership with our trained and certified volunteers, provide outreach education in family, consumer
and health sciences. These educational programs help strengthen families and promote healthy living and responsible financial decisions.
Strengthening Families
The number of grandparent-headed households
has increased significantly in many communities in
Arizona and across the nation. The Grandparents
Raising Grandchildren and other Kinship Care
Coalitions help create support networks and provide
educational programs for grandparents who are
doing the important job of raising their grandchildren.
The “Statewide Resources for Grandfamilies” web
site is designed to provide easy access to support
services and resources for relative caregivers across
Arizona by accessing the Northern, Central and
Southern regions.
Southern Region–The “Kinship and Adoption
Resource and Education” (KARE) Family Center in
Tucson is a “one stop center” where grandparents
and other relatives caring for children under the age
of 18, as well as people who have adoptive children,
receive support and services to help raise children
successfully. This
Center is a program of
the Arizona’s Children
Association and Casey
Family Programs in
collaboration with
Cooperative Extension
and other community
agencies.
Central Region–Cooperative Extension in
Maricopa County conducts the support program
“Grandparents and Other Kin Raising Children in
South and Central Phoenix.” Individuals enrolled
in the program have access to one-on-one and
group support; resource and referral information;
educational information on legal, financial and
family; and relationship topics. The Central Arizona
Kinship Care Coalition (CAKCC) involves over 30
agencies in Maricopa, Pinal, and Gila Counties, and
meets monthly to coordinate efforts for grandparents
and other kin raising children. Some CAKCC
programs are an annual kinship care university,
usually held in the fall; a Grandparent’s Day event;
support of the Grand Rally at the state capitol; and
training of Department of Economic Security agency
staff.
Northern Region–Kinship Kare of Northern
Arizona (KKONA) offers grandfamily discussion
groups, workshops, and activities which are
open to all grandfamily caregivers. KKONA
values grandfamily inspired programming which
supports grandfamilies to solve problems,
address concerns, and gather resources. KKONA
partners with requesting communities to connect
grandfamily caregivers with one another to share
resources and build healthy family relationships.
This partnership is made possible by discussion
groups facilitated by volunteers who share
reliable, research-based information with other
grandfamily caregivers. In addition, volunteer
facilitators honor the wisdom and strengths of
grandfamilies, while keeping the discussion group
conversations confidential.
Cooperative Extension volunteers provide
critical support for these Coalition programs
by helping answer phones, putting together
educational packets, organizing celebrations,
helping people apply for guardianship, and
assisting as needed. By providing education
and resources through programs such as
“Grandparents Raising Grandchildren,” which
are provided by these Coalitions, Cooperative
Extension volunteers are helping keep children
out of foster care.
extension.arizona.edu/programs/
grandparents-raising-grandchildren
Healthy Living
One of the keys to improving and maintaining health is choosing nutritious foods and engaging in regular physical activity. A major goal of the Cooperative
Extension Healthy Living Program is to help individuals and communities attain optimal health and well-being through sound nutrition and physical activity
practices. Projects are carried out by Cooperative Extension faculty, staff, students, and volunteers.
Food Safety
The Safe Food 2010 program focuses
on food safety education with the general
public, school food service staffs, group
home staffs, food banks and other community
groups. This program is a partnership with
Cooperative Extension, state and county health
departments, local and state organizations,
4 The University of Arizona Cooperative Extension
and groups interested
in improving the
safety of food for
Arizona families and
consumers. This
program includes
workshops, classes, statewide Safe Food
conferences, an 800-number hotline, weekly
news columns, and Safe Food Weeks—when
food safety information packets are delivered
to print and broadcast media for dissemination
to the public. In Yavapai County, in 2009,
Cooperative Extension volunteers joined with
the Environmental Health department to help
teach food safety classes for small retail food
managers and employees, and to consumers.
Germ City, an interactive hand washing
program, has reached thousands of youth with
the help of volunteer teachers and community
members.
cals.arizona.edu/maricopa/fcs/safefood.htm
cals.arizona.edu/maricopa/fcs/germcity.htm
Walk Across Arizona
The Cooperative
Extension “Walk
Across Arizona”
(WAAZ) project uses
social support networks
to increase physical
activity levels within communities by developing and
maintaining walking clubs. The WAAZ campaign
encourages individuals and families to increase
their participation in activities that promote healthy
living. The ultimate goal is to increase satisfaction
with the community and decrease social isolation of
residents within communities.
In 2009, 171 WAAZ teams were active at
worksites, churches, schools, and in neighborhoods.
The top individuals walked 600-750 miles during
the 8 week program and the top team of 10 people
walked 4,748 miles. WAAZ volunteers are key to
the success of the WAAZ project. These volunteer
teams, captains and advisory committee members
provided 2,895 hours of time to the WAAZ program.
bone health through
good nutrition and
physical activity.
Since the project
began in 1998, more
than 420 Bone Builders
volunteers have been
trained in Maricopa,
Pima, Apache, Gila,
Cochise, Pinal, Mohave, Santa Cruz, Yavapai and
Yuma Counties. During 2009, four county projects
reported teaching 3,349 people at 91 classes, 410
one-on-one, and 12,495 people at 16 health fairs.
Bone Builders program participants report a more
than 60 percent increase in knowledge regarding
bone health and preventing osteoporosis.
Through a 10-week series of “Physical Activity for
Inactive Seniors” classes, volunteers work mostly
with local senior centers to provide individual fitness
assessments and teach activities to improve balance
to prevent falls. Each exercise class, designed to get
participants moving and build strength, endurance,
agility and flexibility, includes a mini-lesson on
reducing risks for osteoporosis through good
nutrition and physical activity. One couple who have
been married more than 50 years first participated in
these classes at their Senior Center. When they saw
an improvement in their health and daily functioning,
they believed that it would make a difference to
others in their neighborhood. They became Bone
Builders volunteers and now lead classes.
Master Consumer
Advisors donate 40
hours of service to
this program after
completing their training.
The Master
Consumer Advisors (MCAs) never know what
type of question will be their next challenge. MCAs
answer questions from such diverse callers as
librarians, doctors, teachers, homemakers, students,
authors, consumers, reporters, and people who
want to start their own business. With the Internet,
international queries mean that MCAs are educating
people throughout Arizona as well as from other
countries, all without having to leave the office.
During 2009, 38 Phoenix-area MCA volunteers
provided 786 hours of service, answering more than
1,400 phone and walk-in questions. Twenty-five
volunteers in Pima County contributed over 1,500
volunteer hours by answering and researching over
1,000 consumer calls from the public and assisting
with outreach at health fairs and special events in
support of the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance
Education Program.
cals.arizona.edu/walkacrossaz
Bone Builders
Osteoporosis is a silent disease that weakens
bones, eventually causing fractures, disabilities and
even death. One out of two women over 50 years of
age, and one in five men older than 75 years of age,
will develop an osteoporosis-related fracture in their
lifetime. This disease is the number two reason for
admission into nursing homes. Bone Builders teach
www.bonebuilders.org
Master Consumer Advisors
UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
Consumers are faced with making nutritional,
food safety, financial, home and environmental
decisions every day. The trained volunteers in the
Cooperative Extension Master Consumer Advisor
program help provide consumers with researchbased information to help answer their questions.
COOPERATIVE EXTENSION
extension.arizona.edu/programs/
master-consumer-advisor
The University of Arizona Cooperative Extension 5
Financial Management
Small Steps to Health and Wealth
Volunteers in Cooperative Extension financial
management education programs help consumers
manage financial resources effectively and
efficiently. In 2009, just 11 volunteers provided 370
hours of time to support Cooperative Extension
financial management educational programs.
“Small Steps to Health and Wealth” is a
Cooperative Extension financial management
program designed to motivate consumers to
implement behavior change strategies that
simultaneously improve their health and personal
finances. Program participants learn effective
behavior change strategies and have the opportunity
to practice applying these strategies with assistance
from volunteer Master Consumer Advisors at Pima
County Cooperative Extension. The program was
expanded to serve participants in the Grandparents
Raising Grandchildren and Supplemental Nutrition
Assistance Education Programs in 2009.
and banking wisely. During the past few years
through coordination with Maricopa County Human
Services, family agencies and City of Phoenix
housing staff, 47 Money Management volunteers
educated over 10,000 clients throughout Arizona,
including first-time home buyers, students, low
income and homeless families, Air Force personnel
and teen mothers.
extension.arizona.edu/programs/
small-steps-health-and-wealth
Money Management Advisors
Cooperative Extension “Money Management
Advisors” volunteer training has helped participants
identify their values and needs surrounding money
and has also trained them to teach others to plan
their spending, budget their income, and use credit
cals.arizona.edu/maricopa/fcs/mm.html
We Are:
Who We Are and What We Do:
Cooperative Extension is a statewide network of knowledgeable faculty, staff and trained volunteers
providing lifelong educational programs throughout Arizona. Arizona Cooperative Extension is part of a
nationwide network of scientists and educators helping people solve problems and put knowledge to use. We
bring research-based information into communities to help people improve their lives.
•
115 FACULTY delivering county programs
•
297 STAFF supporting county programs (most on grant funding)
In 2009 we had:
•
10,395 VOLUNTEERS assisting county programs
•
111,230 YOUTH enrolled in 4-H Youth Development programs
•
333,812 PARTICIPANTS in Cooperative Extension programs
We teach through classes, seminars, and
workshops; public presentations; with newspaper
columns and stories; on radio and television; on
the telephone; on the worldwide web; on video and
through research-based publications. For close to a
century we have delivered educational programs to
the people of Arizona.
We are located in the College of Agriculture
and Life Sciences and develop partnerships with
outreach in many other colleges, including the
colleges of Mel and Enid Zuckerman Public Health,
Engineering and Mines, Architecture, Planning and
Landscape Architecture, Sciences, Education, and
Medicine.
We are unique because our teaching efforts are
made possible by a cooperative effort between the
Federal Government, the University of Arizona’s
College of Agriculture and Life Sciences and each of
the counties we serve. With offices in all 15 counties
and on 5 Indian reservations, we bring knowledge to
people every day to enhance their work and enrich
their lives. We are your window to the University.
6 The University of Arizona Cooperative Extension
THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
COOPERATIVE EXTENSION
ARIZONA DELIVERS
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE AND LIFE SCIENCES
Arizona Cooperative Extension
extension.arizona.edu
(520) 621-7205
Statewide Locations and Reservation Extension Offices
Apache County
La Paz County
Pinal County
2524 Mutahar Street
Parker, AZ 85344
Phone: (928) 669-9843
Fax: (928) 669-9763
820 E. Cottonwood Lane, Bldg C.
Casa Grande, AZ 85122-2726
Phone: (520) 836-5221
Fax: (520) 836-1750
Cochise County
Maricopa County
Santa Cruz County
4341 E. Broadway Road
Phoenix, AZ 85040-8807
Phone: (602) 827-8200
Fax: (602) 827-8292
3241 N. Grand Avenue, Suite 1
Nogales, AZ 85621-3917
Phone: (520) 281-2994
Fax: (520) 281-2985
Mohave County
Yavapai County
845 W. 4th North
St. Johns, AZ 85936-0369
Phone: (928) 337-2267
Fax: (928) 337-2276
450 S. Haskell Avenue
Willcox, AZ 85643-2790
Phone: (520) 384-3594
Fax: (520) 384-3681
Sierra Vista Office
1140 N. Colombo
Sierra Vista, AZ 85635-2390
Phone: (520) 458-8278
Fax: (520) 626-2492
Coconino County
2304 N. 3rd Street
Flagstaff, AZ 86004-3605
Phone: (928) 774-1868
Fax: (928) 774-1860
Gila County
107 W. Frontier Street, Suite B
Payson AZ 85541-5438
Phone: (928) 474-4160
Fax: (928) 468-8289
Globe Office
5515 S Apache Avenue Suite 600
Globe, AZ 85501-4434
Phone: (928) 425-7179
Fax: (928) 425-0265
San Carlos Reservation Office
400 Apache Avenue
San Carlos, AZ 85550
Phone: (928) 475-2350
Fax: (928) 475-2359
Graham County
2100 S. Bowie
Solomon, AZ 85551
Phone: (928) 428-2611
Fax: (928) 428-7023
Greenlee County
1684 Fairgrounds Road
Duncan, AZ 85534
Phone: (928) 359-2261
Fax: (928) 359-2079
101 E. Beale Street, Suite A
Kingman, AZ 86401-5808
Phone: (928) 753-3788
Fax: (928) 753-1665
Navajo County
100 E. Carter Lane
South Hwy 77 / State Hwy 377
Holbrook, AZ 86025
Phone: (928) 524-6271
Fax: (928) 524-6272
Navajo Nation
The Navajo Nation
Cooperative Extension
Window Rock Fairgrounds
Dept. of Agriculture 121D
Window Rock AZ, 86515
Phone: (928) 871-7686
Fax: (928) 871-6679
Shiprock Office
Shiprock Coopertive Extension
Navajo Nation Bldg. S009-072
East Hwy 64, West of Shiprock Chapter
Shiprock, NM 87420
Phone: (505) 368-1028
Fax: (505) 368-1009
Pima County
4210 N. Campbell Avenue
Tucson, AZ 85719-1109
Phone: (520) 626-5161
Fax: (520) 626-5849
Sahuarita Office
1100 E. Whitehouse Canyon Road
Green Valley, AZ 85622
Phone: (520) 648-0808
Fax: (520) 648-0809
840 Rodeo Drive., #C
Prescott, AZ 86305-2300
Phone: (928) 445-6590
Fax: (928) 445-6593
Cottonwood Office
2657 S. Village Drive
Cottonwood, AZ 86326-5875
Phone: (928) 646-9113
Fax: (928) 646-9108
Yuma County
2200 W. 28th Street,
Suite 102
Yuma, AZ 85364-6936
Phone: (928) 726-3904
Fax: (928) 726-8472
Agricultural Centers and Research Sites
Location
Phone
Campus Maricopa Red Rock Safford Santa Rita Experimental Range
V Bar V Ranch Water Resources Research Center
West Campus Yuma (Valley) (520) 621-3246
(520) 568-2273
(520) 621-3246
(928) 428-2432
(520) 625-2121
(928) 646-9113
(520) 621-9591
(520) 621-3246
(928) 782-3836
Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, James A. Christenson, Director, Cooperative Extension,
College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, The University of Arizona. The University of Arizona is an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution. The University does not discriminate on the basis of race,
color, religion, sex, national origin, age, disability, veteran status, or sexual orientation in its programs and activities.
The University of Arizona Cooperative Extension 7