EXIT REPORT OF THE EXPERIENTIAL EDUCATION PROJECT A UGUST 2013 J ENNIFER A M C R AE & D EANNA C R OGERS TABLE OF CONTENTS Final Reflections ......................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Project History ............................................................................................................................................................................ 5 Project Overview ........................................................................................................................................................................ 6 Project Coordinators & Advisory Committee ........................................................................................................... 6 Project Phases & Outcomes .............................................................................................................................................. 6 Continued Perceptions of Experiential Education at SFU ........................................................................................ 7 Barriers to Experiential Education Delivery & Growth ............................................................................................ 8 Experiential Education: Additional time & risk for faculty members ............................................................ 8 Student access to SFU's most engaging experiences is limited ......................................................................... 8 Next Steps: Final recommendations ............................................................................................................................... 10 A Focus on Action: Pilot and demonstration projects ........................................................................................ 10 Funding Supports .............................................................................................................................................................. 10 Advocacy and Support ..................................................................................................................................................... 10 Engage Students in the Process ................................................................................................................................... 11 Appendix I: Advisory Committee Membership ......................................................................................................... 12 Appendix II: Project Phases ................................................................................................................................................ 13 2 FINAL REFLECTIONS “Universities are on the verge of an apocalyptic and eternal collapse. At least that is what you would have to believe if you entered a bookstore and looked under the education section at the titles. By my count in the last couple of years there have been 39 books written on the demise of the North American University. These attacks come from the political left, the political right, they come from inside the academy and outside the academy.” – David Helfand, Quest University President This is a rather bold summation of one of the many realizations that inspired the inception of the Experiential Education Project some four years ago. Not because we are sadistic and wanted front row seats for the ‘apocalypse’, but because we are visionaries who saw this moment in time as unique and laden with potential and opportunity. There is, we believe, an opening and an invitation present calling for innovation and change in higher education. The forces creating these cracks and questions are myriad, and as the pace of change accelerates, new ways of doing are being demanded of an education model that, in many ways, has not changed since its modern form was solidified some three centuries ago. It is perhaps no surprise tectonic shifts are underway. There are two sides to this coin though: the need for massive, systemic transformation may be a visionary's dream but it is more than likely a bureaucratic nightmare capable of inducing institution‐wide panic. Through our eyes, this tension is playing out currently at SFU and causing some paralysis. We don't think this dichotomy –either completely reimagining the system or maintaining it as it is ‐‐needs to be the only dialogue though. There could be a different way forward: a simple acknowledgement that innovation in the university is certainly needed, coupled with an invitation giving those who are willing the freedom to do things differently, while leaving others to carry on as is. Leading the change by allowing self‐selecting individuals to create change ‐‐ instead of imposing it on all ‐‐ is perhaps an impactful strategy for going beyond incremental change. An approach like this also acknowledges SFU's decentralized culture that resists top‐down prescriptive initiatives. We strongly believe that change includes the support of Administration. Inspiring leadership by example is key, from the VPA’s office and from others provided the opportunities to take on leadership within their own roles at the university. At the Experiential Education strategic planning meeting held May 8, 2013, a participant used the metaphor of a bonfire: create something interesting that will draw people in of their own curiosity and volition while also creating space and support for those who want to engage in these efforts. We believe we have set a foundation for these conversations through our work and the work of those that have come before us. Now is the time to take action on the next steps; to seize the opportunity to take leadership for curricular innovations both from the top and the bottom; to streamline the bureaucratic processes, create a formal structure to call for proposals and then support them. These are just some of the ideas we leave behind as this project comes to a close. 3 Recently, we heard the expression everyone wants to be first to be second used to characterize the conservatism that creeps into, and the rigidity that overtakes, large institutions over time. And yet, being 'first to be first' could be a powerful way to differentiate SFU. It comes as no surprise that we also feel strongly that deeply engaging, immersive and transformative experiential education should also be one of those differentiating factors for SFU. As we reflect upon and conclude this three‐year process, this is our final wish for SFU: be bold. Be willing to embrace the change that is being demanded of universities. Live up to the promises and rhetoric, and see these times as rife with opportunity, excitement and potential to dramatically improve the student experience and be on the leading edge of re‐imagining the role of the university. 4 PROJECT HISTORY The Experiential Education Project (EEP) began as a pilot project in the Faculty of Environment in May 2010 and was formalized and expanded through the Office of the Vice‐President, Academic (VPA) beginning in September 2010. Project activities are scheduled to conclude in August 2013. The impetus for the formalization of the EEP resulted from commitments made in the Academic Plan (2010 ‐ 2013). The commitments stood to offer students more varied and deeply engaged experiential opportunities through the curriculum. However, at the time, little was formally known about SFU’s use of experiential education through the integral course‐based curriculum. From late 2010 through late 2012, the project was exploratory in nature, focused on documenting and promoting the use of course‐based experiential education at SFU across all eight academic Faculties. More specifically, project activities concentrated on understanding how course‐based experiential education is practiced at SFU, to create a baseline profile of its extent, location and distribution through the curriculum. In addition to this focus, there was also emphasis on understanding faculty, instructor, student, staff and administrative engagement with ‐‐ and interest in ‐‐ credit‐bearing experiential education. The final year of the project (late 2012 – 2013) emphasized efforts to grow and diversify experiential education offerings across all Faculties. These activities took numerous forms and employed differing strategies. Of central importance was growing a community of practice around experiential education at SFU; profiling existing examples of experiential education in practice; engaging students and raising awareness of experiential options; participating in the creation of pilot programs; and, initial steps toward long‐term strategic planning to meet SFU's continued commitments to the provision of experiential education in the 2013 ‐ 2018 Academic Plan. This brief report is intended to summarize the work to date and serve as a reference for the continuation of this work by interested parties at SFU. 5 PROJECT OVERVIEW PROJECT COORDINATORS & ADVISORY COMMITTEE During its three years of activities, the EEP was coordinated and executed by Jennifer McRae and Deanna Rogers, reporting to the Director of University Curriculum and Institutional Liaison in the Office of the Vice‐President, Academic. In addition, an Advisory Committee was struck to oversee the work. Its membership changed in accordance with the phases of work. Membership on this committee is detailed in Appendix I on page 13. PROJECT PHASES & OUTCOMES The EEP was rolled out in four phases. The purpose and outcomes resultant from each phase are detailed in Appendix II on page 14. 6 CONTINUED PERCEPTIONS OF EXPERIENTIAL EDUCATION AT SFU It is important to know how experiential education is understood and talked about within the institution, especially as this was a core focus of our work. Throughout the duration of the project, awareness of experiential activities, and interest in experiential approaches, has grown (based on anecdotal observation and regular discussions with faculty and students). However, even after three years of working to demystify this concept, certain perceptions persist. The following are the three most important observations in this regard: Experiential education remains a confusing concept to many. There are many people talking about it and using it in their teaching, though people still ask what is experiential education? A perception persists that EE happens only outside the classroom, despite the project definition clearly stating "...in a multitude of settings inside and outside the classroom". There have been instances of findings from the project's 2012 report being misrepresented in public communications. When the report's findings are referenced, the message that is most frequently repeated is that SFU offers a significant number of EE opportunities to students. This is only half the message: while there is reason to celebrate and build from what we currently do within the institution, there is a great deal of room for improvement. The report and its findings were meant as both a celebration and (maybe most importantly) a call to action. The actual core finding was as follows: "... an inverse relationship...exists between the quantity of experiential opportunities and the depth and intensity of those experiences. While SFU may appear to offer its students a significant number of course‐based opportunities to learn through doing – 32% of the overall curriculum, undergraduate and graduate – deeply immersive, highly engaging experiences are few in number and largely inaccessible to the majority of the student body". Reporting only the favourable findings does a disservice to SFU and is misleading to students. It exacerbates confusion about what exactly EE is, and leads to cynicism that the project has simply been a public relations exercise and that EE is a fad not to be taken seriously. 7 BARRIERS TO EXPERIENTIAL EDUCATION DELIVERY & GROWTH Similarly to persistent perceptions of experiential education at SFU, there are still a number of structural barriers preventing the growth and diversification of this approach across the curriculum. Moreover there are still barriers to student access to our most engaging experiential offerings. While the project has extensively documented these barriers in varying ways across its five reports (http://www.sfu.ca/experiential/?page_id=64), those that are most in need of continued attention are detailed here. Any road map SFU develops for increasing experiential opportunities will need to take these factors into consideration. EXPERIENTIAL EDUCATION: ADDITIONAL TIME & RISK FOR FACULTY MEMBERS It has been repeatedly stated that EE is more time‐intensive to deliver than standard lecture courses. A significant contributing factor is the additional administrative time required in pursuing proper course ethics approval, risk assessments, and coordinating with community partners (if the course involves community partners). In particular, there is no office or centralized source of information providing detailed instructions on what clearances are required for which kinds of experiences, nor which forms need to be completed. Furthermore, community‐based and field‐ based experiences are reported to take the most time to coordinate and deliver, which could explain why these are the least prevalent experiences offered to SFU students1. Finally, experimenting in the delivery of curriculum presents risk for faculty members, both in the form of tenure and promotions processes, as well as to professional reputation. These risks need to be mitigated and some form of protection established for faculty members interested in changing the ways they deliver their courses. STUDENT ACCESS TO SFU'S MOST ENGAGING EXPERIENCES IS LIMITED Engagement with students during the three years of the project consistently revealed their desire for increased opportunities to learn through doing, in particular to participate in deeply engaging, transformative experiences. However, data from the course inventory revealed a three‐fold problem regarding student access to these types of experiences: i. There are only 25 fully “engaged experiences”2 found throughout the entire curriculum, representing 0.66% of SFU's course‐based curriculum. ii. 19 of these courses are concentrated in upper division curriculum where enrollments are limited and class sizes are significantly lower than average. iii. There are only two “engaged experiences” found in 200‐level courses at SFU and no 100‐ level “engaged experiences” at SFU. 1Field experiences total 4% of SFU's total curriculum; community‐based experiences 2% of SFU's total curriculum. From: The State of Course Based Experiential Education at SFU, p.22 & 29. http://blogs.sfu.ca/projects/experiential/wp‐content/uploads/2012/07/The‐State‐of‐Course‐Based‐ Experiential‐Educatin‐at‐SFU.v2.pdf 2 Definition of “engaged experiences” can be found on page 17 of The State of Course Based Experiential Education at SFU report. 8 Finally, students also reported that in addition to there being limited access to these experiences, there is also a need to raise student awareness of the opportunities that do exist, especially earlier in students’ degrees. 9 NEXT STEPS: FINAL RECOMMENDATIONS In considering the entirety of project activities, we present a final set of recommendations to focus future work on experiential initiatives at SFU. A FOCUS ON ACTION: PILOT AND DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS After three years of project activities, a platform from which to take informed action on growing and diversifying experiential opportunities now exists at SFU. There is also a core group of faculty and staff from across the university indicating readiness to move forward with implementing some of the many ideas that have been generated, and to scale up those already in existence. Pilot and demonstration projects have been suggested as an effective means to test mechanisms, models and approaches for scaling up experiential offerings, and in particular designing experiences that address current curricular gaps uncovered by the EEP. Finally, it is recommended that existing flexible curricular mechanisms like Directed Studies and Special Topics courses be used to pilot and study any new curricular experiences developed. FUNDING SUPPORTS Meeting SFU’s commitments to experiential education will require creative financial support. It is recommended that the Office of the VPA consider the grant‐funding model recently rolled out to support the Community Engagement Strategy as an option for supporting the growth and diversification of experiential education at SFU. This is an especially effective model when the decentralized culture of SFU is taken into consideration. As one staff member put it: What we need at SFU is … change that is driven by grassroots efforts inspiring similar shifts across the University. A secondary type of funding support that would further grow and diversify the practice of experiential education at SFU would be the extension or expansion of the Collaborative Teaching Fellows Program . This teaching exchange program in the Faculty of Environment has led to the offering of a number of innovative courses, most of which have significant experiential components. Offering a second round of this funding more specifically targeted toward cross‐faculty collaborations to develop and improve experiential offerings could have significant impact in meeting SFU's Academic Plan commitments to the provision of experiential education. ADVOCACY AND SUPPORT All faculty members need not be actively pursuing experiential education approaches, but the institution does need to better facilitate those who want to be to experimenting, and supporting those who are already offering experiential opportunities. Further, there also needs to be support for students in increasing their access to experiential courses and raising awareness of these opportunities. Suggestions to do this include: 10 Designate advocates or staff members to help navigate and negotiate the institutional processes and barriers, especially issues such as ethics applications, community partnership management and risk assessment processes. These same staff members could also raise awareness of experiential opportunities that do exist for students. Continue to build a community of practice at SFU. Establish a Task Force, Working Group, or Team to ensure the continuation of this work. Determine mechanisms to mitigate professional risk for faculty members who take large pedagogical leaps. Engage student advisors in assisting students in mapping out potential experiential paths earlier in their degree planning. ENGAGE STUDENTS IN THE PROCESS Students provide a rich source of ideas, energy and capacity to mobilize change and continue to build the momentum of this work. Several student events were held through the EEP, the most recent of which was a Design Jam on March 25, 2013. Ideas developed at the jam are as bold and aspirational as they are practical. They also speak to the types of experiences students are looking for. One of the most effective approaches SFU could employ in designing new (or modifying existing) experiences would be the engagement of students in the process. As we are reminded by innovation and creativity researcher Charles Leadbeater: "Big [institutions] have an in‐built tendency to reinforce past success. They've got so much sunk in that it's very difficult for them to spot emerging new markets. Emerging new markets, then, are the breeding grounds for passionate users...[and] users are more and more important [because] they are the source of big disruptive innovations,".3 As universities continue to come under public and internal scrutiny regarding their value, effectiveness and ability to meaningfully engage students, it would be prudent to consider students the deep untapped source of curricular innovation: after all, students are the 'users', the experts of the university experience. 3 Charles Leadbeater. The era of open innovation. http://www.ted.com/talks/charles_leadbeater_on_innovation.html#372000 11 APPENDIX I: ADVISORY COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP Name & Title Contact Information Title Term Andrew Gemino gemino@sfu.ca Associate Dean, Faculty of Business Administration David Zandvliet dbz@sfu.ca Professor, Faculty of Education September 2011 ‐ August 2013 September 2011 ‐ August 2013 Diane Finegood No longer at SFU Jane Fee No longer at SFU Janet Moore jlmoore@gmail.com John Bogardus bogardus@sfu.ca Mark Winston winston@sfu.ca Director, Centre for Dialogue Nancy Johnston davidge@sfu.ca Executive Director, Student Affairs Sarah Dench (Past Chair) sjdench@sfu.ca Director of Curriculum, Office of the Vice‐President, Academic Stephanie Chu stephanie@sfu.ca Director, Teaching and Learning Centre Susan Rhodes (Current Chair) slrhodes@sfu.ca Ted Kirkpatrick ted@cs.sfu.ca Vivian Neal vneal@sfu.ca Professor, School of Kinesiology and Biomedical Physiology, Faculty of Science Associate Dean, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences Assistant Professor, Centre for Dialogue; Co‐Director, CityStudio Vancouver Senior Lecturer, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences Director of Curriculum, Office of the Vice‐President, Academic Associate Professor, School of Computing Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences Educational Consultant, Teaching and Learning Centre (Alternate for Stephanie Chu) September 2011 ‐ March 2012 September 2010 ‐ September 2011 September 2010 ‐ September 2011 September 2010 ‐ September 2011 September 2010 ‐ September 2011 September 2010 ‐ August 2013 September 2010 ‐ January 2013 September 2010 ‐ August 2013 January 2013 ‐ August 2013 September 2011 ‐ August 2013 As needed 12 APPENDIX II: PROJECT PHASES PHASE I: SUMMER 2010 (PILOT) Purpose A pilot project that would become the EEP; an audit to map out the use of experiential approaches in the Faculty of Environment. Initiative started by Janet Moore, Assistant Professor, Semester in Dialogue and Jennifer McRae. Outcomes 1. Summary Report: Experiential Learning in the Faculty of Environment http://blogs.sfu.ca/projects/experiential/wp‐content/uploads/2011/06/ELinFENV.summary.draft_.October‐2010‐ Update.v2.pdf PHASE II: FALL 2010 – SUMMER 2011 Purpose First formalized phase of the EEP, to map the use of EE in the Faculties of Arts and Social Sciences and Environment; understand faculty, student, staff and administrative engagement with EE; and, build and grow a community of practice around EE approaches at SFU. Outcomes 1. Establishment of Project Advisory Committee 2. Summary Report: Exploring Experiential Education in Two Faculties http://blogs.sfu.ca/projects/experiential/wp‐content/uploads/2011/09/EE.Report.Final_.v3.Sept2011.pdf 3. First “student‐directed cohort” offered through EEP (see pages 8, 10, 47 & 78 in Summary Report) Event M onth Year Roles Participants Collaborators Engage:SFU Student Dialogue March 2011 Programming Advisors & Event Hosts 67 Josh Regnier SFU Surrey Open House: Experiencing Your Education at SFU May 2011 Session Presenters 40 FASS Events 13 Media & Communications http://blogs.sfu.ca/projects/tlcomm/2010/12/project‐builds‐inventory‐of‐experiential‐learning‐in‐faculties‐of‐ environment‐and‐arts‐and‐social‐sciences/ http://blogs.sfu.ca/projects/tlcomm/2011/04/project‐to‐map‐experiential‐education‐at‐sfu‐gets‐go‐ahead‐to‐expand/ http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=voFNKmizQr0 Phase III: Fall 2011 – Summer 2012 Purpose Moving beyond the Faculties of Environment and of Arts and Social Sciences, the next phase of the project was to complete a university‐wide profile; to understand and map the use of experiential education across the remaining six Faculties; to continue student outreach and promotions; to continue to build and grow a community of practice of EE practitioners and supporters across SFU. Outcomes 1. Summary Report: The State of Course Based Experiential Education at Simon Fraser University: A summary report of the experiential education project http://blogs.sfu.ca/projects/experiential/wp‐content/uploads/2012/07/The‐State‐of‐Course‐Based‐Experiential‐ Educatin‐at‐SFU.v2.pdf 2. First Change Lab pilot offered by the Faculty of Environment Change Lab is a two‐semester course offered through FENV that offers an interdisciplinary experiential opportunity for students to work on social change projects in a collaborative studio environment. http://www.fenv.sfu.ca/partnerships/changelab.html http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eC1PuyLsxq8 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=im38xa2R5Nw Event M onth Events 12th Annual Western February Canadian Sustainable Campuses Conference Year Role Participants Collaborators 2012 Programming Advisors; Peer Mentors and Session Leaders: Campus as a 30 Sustainable SFU 14 Living Lab: How to create your own living lab course using ChangeLab as a case study Teaching and Learning Social February 2012 Table Hosts n/a Teaching and Learning Centre Society for Teaching and Learning in Higher Education: Learning Without Boundaries, 32nd Annual Conference June 2012 Session Presenters: Experiences that transcend and transform: Connecting students to potential and purpose 35 How Can the March Classroom Change the World? 2012 Project Advisors 70 & Co‐Hosts (two lunchtime dialogues in the series: How can your classroom build a healthy community? How can your classroom create ethical entrepreneurs?) ChangeLab Students SFU Teaching and Learning Symposium May 2012 Presenters: How can the classroom change the world? A case study on ChangeLab and CityStudio Teaching and Learning Centre, CityStudio SFU Open House May 2012 Fielded inquiries n/a at Open House with Sustainable SFU about 30 Sustainable SFU & SFU Sustainability Office 15 Change Lab and EE at SFU Media & Communications http://blogs.sfu.ca/projects/tlcomm/2012/07/experiential‐education‐at‐sfu‐wide‐but‐not‐deep/ http://www.sfu.ca/publicsquare/innovator‐profiles/2012/DeannaJennifer.html Phase IV: Fall 2012 – Summer 2013 Purpose The final phase of the EEP, intended to: support and promote the growth and diversification of credit‐bearing EE at SFU; build support and capacity for instructors using EE approaches; identify and grow a network of faculty EE champions and practitioners; and, finally, further develop infrastructure that supports the practice and diversification of credit‐bearing EE approaches. Outcomes 1. Report: Strategic Visions for Experiential Education: Furthering Experiential Education at SFU http://blogs.sfu.ca/projects/experiential/wp‐content/uploads/2013/07/May8thFinalReport.pdf 2. Second ChangeLab pilot offered by the Faculty of Environment; third offering planned for September 2013 http://www.fenv.sfu.ca/partnerships/changelab.html Event M onth Year Role Participants Collaborators SFU LEAD Program October 2012 Workshop 35 Leaders: Student Created Curriculum: How to influence, imagine, design and co‐create curriculum and courses as a student at SFU Options Day January 2013 Table Hosts n/a TA/TM Day Workshop January 2013 Designed and facilitated workshop on integrating EE 15 Alex Chen 16 into tutorials SFU Casebook Series January, February 2013 Facilitators & Coordinators: Connecting the Classroom and the City; Experiential Education and Large Classes 25 Teaching and Learning Centre, City Studio & Select Faculty members Student Summit March Design Jam: Designing the SFU Experience 2013 Event Design Mentorship and Project Advisors 50 ChangeLab Students & Vancouver Design Nerds SFU Changemakers Showcase March 2013 Coordinators and Facilitators 150 RADIUS (Beedie School of Business) & Ashoka Canada (Learning Networks Initiative) Sustainability Office launch, Administrators’ Meeting April 2013 Presenters: What is the Change Lab? Student Presentations n/a Change Lab Student Teams EE Strategic Planning Event May 2013 Coordinators 40 Stina Brown & Sue Biely Lean into Learning May 2013 Coordinators and Facilitators 45 Faculty of Communication Art and Technology, Teaching and Learning Centre Learning Garden Advisory Committee Ongoing n/a Sustainable SFU Project Advisors 17