1. CollegelUniversity name:
....,q..
. . ; £:. L. . . :.)1.:. . . :.=!.~. !. '/. =.in~e~.: : .U.=. .n;. . :". J.{. =.u. . ;:"'. : . y. .: : : 5. !.:.4. .;t:-/_. . L.l2. . :;%. ,.; ;7~1/. ,.; ;: J:;. .;.,A.=,;i: / P/aJ1t
Size of student body:
o 1 - 2,000
o 2,001 - 10,000
~ 10,001 and up
3. Does your community have a mandatory recycling program?
Dyes
R no
4. Does your college/university have a recycling program?
m yes
0 no
If no, please go to number 14.
5. Does your recycling program receive institutional support?
~ yes
• no
1
Ifyekha~~r~~~ ~ ~
'1:~~Al
~
. ~.e~~~,.>~l
6. Which portions of the campus community participate in the recycling program?
(J""students
(check all that apply)
Ci"'staff
~}aculty
r!J'administration
o other:
_ Who runs your recycling program?
students only
8'"administration only
program between students and administration
o cooperative
other: ____'_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
o
o
8. Which of the following materials does your program recycle: (check all that apply)
!9'b.igh grade office paper
1B90mputer paper
19' newspaper
r;rCardboard
"glass
li1'aluminum cans
~teel cans
'plastics
IYbatteries
Q'scrap appliances
o laser printer cartridges
~motoroil
rirConstruction debris
SJires
lif'hazardous wastes
_
~ ylothing, reusable goods, furniture
~composting of yard wastes
o other: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
o
o
(Please complete reverse side)
9.
Howare~~~~}~scollec~ (Le.~f~~)J ~_ J
~~ ~;/ ,~~ ~.e.a-;
~
•
~
~
624.-d ~
"tL-
10. How are these items recycled (Le. commercial recyclers, processors, local methods)?
i) Sell w~/Ie' ,bokel'?'e!P"'''
3) ~ ~~~
oz.J Sell. me f-d~ /occ:/y
4) ~ ~ .. t'""-' ~ ~ ~~
11. Does your program operate at a profit or a loss?
13 profit
a loss
12. Are avoided disposal costs a reason for your recycling program?
~yes
no
a
13. Our community (check all that apply):
a recycling program
CJ participates in our recycling program
. CJ our recycling programs-are completely separate
does not have a recycling program
mas
a
14. Does your college/university purchase products with some recycled content?
'Rfyes
a no
If yes, what kind of materials?
r5
Pl!tpe
15. Does your college/university practice source reduction? (check all that apply)
a dishes/glasses/silverware instead of throwaways
51double-sided copying
9"minimize packaging accepted from manufacturers
other: _ _ _ _._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
a
a
no
16. Does your college/university offer courses on (check all that apply):
CJ social and political aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
scientific and engineering aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
CJ agricultural aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
economic aspects of natural resource use and development
other relevant courses
a
a
a
17. This question . s op ional for t}1e person filling out this survey.
Name:~~~~~~~~~--r~~r_-~~---,
Position:
18. Does your college/university give permission to use its name in any publications regarding this
survey?
yes
)jj no
a
Thank you for your time and effort. Please return this survey to:
Kimberly M. Reynolds
1213 W. University Ave.
Muncie, IN 47303
A self-addressed, stamped envelope is enclosed for your convenience.
1. College/University name:
....::J~~(~~~::=:~t:::::::.::!~
~....,~~A~...t..-.:.~::..:::-·:. : :. .- -=:.k. .:. . ;.- .:. ~ ' ~~_,;;..;.iA:.A;......,.-
-'l.. Size of student body:
o 1 - 2,000
o 2,00 1 - 10,000
.R' 10,001 and up
3. Does your community have a mandatory recycling program?
Dyes
1Jirno
4. Does your college/university have a recycling program?
1!1 yes
a no
If no, please go to number 14.
5. Does your recycling program receive institutional support?
.. yes
a no
If yes, what kind of support does it receive?
$~~.
~~
6. Which portions of the campus community participate in the recycling program?
~students
~staff
-
(check all that apply)
liYfaculty
fJa;lminisq-atiop A ~
i9"'other: (!JLQ~)?U2-J
I
~ uJ,ryIZ: ~ ~
. Who runs your recycling program?
o students only
o administration only
IW'cooperative pro am between students and ad
!D--6ther:
"
8. Which of the following materials does your program recycle: (check all that apply)
&1ligh grade office paper
~ computer paper
~newspaper
t[ cardboard
~glass
Jif aluminum cans
-~steel cans
f4' plastics
1Srbatteries
g scrap appliances
rtlaser printer cartridges
~ motor oil
:3 construction debris
)!;j tires
o hazardous wastes
g'clothing, reusable goods, furniture
compo~ of yard wastes ~
IS other:
r«f~ ~'0
I!l
(please complete reverse side)
9. How are these materials collected (Le. drop-off bins)?
~/) Cwlc~ 3~$ ~ C~~ ~~
~) ~if;; ~~ (L--du-r~...
~
L3)~ L,tt~ Q~~r~(<<~tJ
u. t:I~/~J
J
.
10. How are these items recycled (Le. commercial recyclers, processors, local methods)?
Ww.)li )77~~
JUtJ~ ~~ Ct-n ~
~~~.~~L~ ~tJ/w-
~ ~f!,~ ?~.~ ~ ~/Us/~.s·~ta~t
11. Does your program operate at a profit or a loss?
a profit
a loss
~ ~$I"''''\~ ~~ <c"""-'
12. Are avoided disposal costs a reason for your recycling program?
ayes
~no ~~r~--~d-~n
#/~.
13. Our community (check all that apply):
a has a recycling program
a participates in our recycling program
a our recycling programs are completely separate
Adoes not have a recycling program
14. Does your college/university purchase products with some recycled content?
___ yes
a no
IT yes, what kind of materials?
J'l~~~~~.
R!u~~~
~rn-tA- o/~ (~
15. Does your college/university practice source reduction? (check all that apply)
a dishes/glasses/silverware instead of throwaways
a double-sided copying
a minimize packaging accepted from manufacturers
a other: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
;r;Jnot ~s .. "~~" ~~
16. Does your college/university offer courses on (check all that apply):
~ social and political aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
a scientific and engineering aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
a agricultural aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
a economic aspects of natural resource use and development
other relevant courses
.a
17. This
question
is optional for the person filling out this survey.
_________________________________
_
Name:
Position:
18. Does your college/university give permission to use its name in any pUblications regarding this
survey?
~ yes
a no
Thank you for your time and effort. Please return this survey to:
Kimberly M. Reynolds
1213 W. University Ave.
Muncie, IN 47303
A self-addressed, stamped envelope is enclosed for your convenience.
1s1M},~::""--L<uQ,.jI~e::(:::::JLLI'7~«u.r1"'--.l.oU~Ilu.u1t:.:..------~
1. College/University name: ___4&LJow.d.u
~
Size of student body:
0) - 2,000
13' 2,00 1 - 10,000
o 10,001 and up
3. Does your community have a mandatory recycling program?
o yes
!ifno
4. Does ypur college/university have a recycling program?
~ yes
0 no
If no, please go to number 14.
5. Does your recycling program receive institutional support?
eJ yes
0 no
If yes, what kind of support does it .receive?
. .' .
6. Which portions of the campus co~unity participate in the recycling program?
~students CPt/WI., c:.dM O~)
(check all that apply)
C;( staff (17J«..<·.,tMPII« + AJ ~VI~tJ
o faculty
'"
o administration
o other:
.-
. Who runs your recycling program?
o students only
o administration only
o sooperative program between students and administration
13" other: d1~I!&i ""C
8. Which of the following materials does your program recycle: (check all that apply)
o high grade office paper
o computer paper
o newspaper
e(cardboard
o glass
g aluminum cans
o steel cans
o plastics
o batteries
o scrap appliances
o laser printer cartridges
o motor oil
o construction debris
o tires
o hazardous wastes
o clothing, reusable goods, furniture
oo composting
of yardwastes
other: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
(Please complete reverse side)
9. How are these IJUlterials c~cted (Le. drop-off bins)?
~"dle.() ~b.
.
CIU'''- ~ v'~
10. How are these items recypled (Le. commercial recyclers, processors, local methods)?
~c.~ co£fe~ ~
11. Does your program 9perate at a profit or a loss?
profit
el loss
o
12. Are avoided disposaJ.,.eosts a reason for your recycling program?
yes
~ no
o
13. Our c9IDmunity (check all that apply):
c..res+ (:l '"
4) _
~
_-l
r3'has a recycling program
I~ - - V ~
o participates in our recycling progr
our recycling programs are completely separate
o does not have a recycling program
+1 '.
/VA-
o
14. Doe~~~ college/~ni::rsity purchase products with some recycl~ c~ntent? .
If yes, what kind of materials?
-,: f, )
COWl~~)
(1
al'J<lM-
/r"I.
".
(iJ/f'
15. Does ~ur college/university practice source reduction? (check all that apply)
l3'dishes/glasses/silverware instead of throwaways
Cl'double-sided copying
o minimize packaging accepted from manufacturers
other:
no
o
o
16. Does your college/university offer courses on (check all that apply):
o social and political aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
o scientific and engineering aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
o agricultural aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
o economic aspects of natural resource use and development
o other relevant courses
17. ThisName:
question
is optional for the person fIlling out this survey.
____________________________________
_
Position:
18. Does your college/university give permission to use its name in any publications regarding this
s~ey?
[!J yes
0 no
Thank you for your time and effort. Please return this survey to:
Kimberly M. Reynolds
1213 W. University Ave.
Muncie, IN 47303
A self-addressed, stamped envelope is enclosed for your convenience.
1. CollegelUniversity name:
ULl
OF
'Lv, rd1tlA-P
CS
L:lerTI}
IH... _ _ _ __ : _ - - _---l_~_~!!:::~~_u_....:_l_.......Io_!..!:....___"_Ii=a.K._
..
_r;t_:I2!;.L_...:::..=:J.o_I.I!:
..
-?. Size of student body:
01- 2,000
9'""2,001 - 10,000
o 10,001 and up
3. Does your community have a mandatory recycling program?
Dyes
!?Iio
4. Does your college/university have a recycling program?
~yes
0 no
If no, please go to number 14.
5. Does your recycling program receive institutional support?
~es
0 no
If yes, what kind of support does it receive?
~jJ.. .. ~,~
if- AC\J
~
J..o
~~ P'f64 k.c. ~d- ~ ~~ ~o.k..'lt.
~~~~~~~
6. Which portions of the campus community participate in the recycling program?
IlJ"students
(check all that apply)
~taff
~cu1ty
g"administration
o other:
,. Who runs your recycling prograln?
students only
administration only
~cooperative program between students and administration
other:
o
o
o
8. Which of the following materials does your program recycle: (check all that apply)
Cirhigh grade office paper
~omputer paper
o newspaper
cardboard
o
~glass
t3'aluminum cans
o s~el cans
i3Yplastics
l31)atteries
scrap appliances
9-taser printer cartridges
.
o motor oil
o construction debris
o tires
!91i.azardous wastes
clothing, reusable goods, furniture
of yardwastes
oQ'Composting
other: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
o
"
-
.
o
(Please complete reverse side)
~
9. How are these materials collected (Le. drop-off bins)?
D~ aJf I.;..., n.. hkl'le(~
10. How are these items recycled (Le. c
11. Does your program operate at a profit or a loss?
profit
t1t1oss
o
12. Are avoided disposal costs a reason for your recycling program?
Dyes
OJ.--no
13. Our community (check all that apply):
has a recycling program
participates in our recycling progrru;n •
o our recycling programs are completely separate
Iil-tf'oes not have a recycling program
o
o
14. Does your college/university purchase products with some recycled content?
!9-yes
0 no
If yes, what kind of materials?
15. Does your college/university practice source reduction? (check all that apply)
CiYcfishesiglasses/silverware instead of throwaways
Gtaouble-sided copying
o minimize packaging accepted from manufacturers
other:
o no
o
16. Does your college/university offer courses on (check all that apply):
o social and political aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
scientific and engineering aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
o agricultural aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
o economic aspects of natural resource use and development
other relevant courses
o
o
17. This question is optional for the person fIlling out this survey.
Name:
~¥::: ~ ~ II
Position:!? k:;C;"e,s;s. h10b
'f""
18. Does your college/university give permission to use its name in any publications regarding this
survey?
yes
~o
o
Thank you for your time and effort. Please return this survey to:
Kimberly M. Reynolds
1213 W. University Ave.
Muncie, IN 47303
A self-addressed, stamped envelope is enclosed for your convenience.
1. CollegelU niversity name: __
~Gt:. . :. :. . '(\.:. . :e.,=-n:. . :. . :. e. . : <"'0: .:.,k~\_C. . . :C:. . . . :. :l_-fJ-:-5T-€..-":=~:""\
_ _ _ _ _ __
m:...,
-?. Size of student body:
~ 1 - 2,000
o 2,001 - 10,000
o 10,001 and up
3. Does your community have a mandatory recycling program?
o yes
& no
4. Does your college/university have a recycling program?
~ yes
0 no
If no, please go to number 14.
5. Does your recycling program receive institutional support?
yes
0 no
If yes, what kind of support does it receive?
m
S*A-"ou'A ~yl~
6. Which portions of the campus community participate in the recycling program?
~ students
(check all that apply)
S- staff
~ faculty
lB' administration
o other:
,. Who runs your recycling program?
o students only
o administration only
g cooperative program between students and administration
o other:
8. Which of the following materials does your program recycle: (check all that apply)
~ high grade office paper
~ computer paper
~ newspaper
~ cardboard
o glass
aluminum cans
o steel cans
o plastics
o batteries
o scrap appliances
B.laser printer cartridges
o motor oil
o construction debris
o tires
o hazardous wastes
o clothing, reusable goods, furniture
iJ composting of yard wastes
o other: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
rn
-
(please complete reverse side)
9. How are these materials collected (i.e. drop-off hins)?
d'(c~- 0-\,.(,1 b j t, '::>
10. How are these items recycled (i.e. commercial recyclers, processors, local methods)?
LCt (--l d v-c:y - ~
11. Does your program operate at a profit or a loss?
profit
gloss
o
12. Are avoided disposal costs a reason for your recycling program?
o yes
~no
13. Our community (check all that apply):
Wtas a recycling program
r:l(participates in our recycling program
8' our recycling programs are completely separate
o does not have a recycling program
14. Does your college/university purchase products with some recycled content?
~ yes
0 no
If yes, what kind of materials?
~
15. Does your college/university practice source reduction? (check all that apply)
o dishes/glasses/silverware instead of throwaways
17double-sided copying
o minimize packaging accepted from manufacturers
o other:
o no
16. Does your college/university offer courses on (check all that apply):
o social and political aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
o scientific and engineering aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
agricultural aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
economic aspects of natural resource use and development
.3 other relevant courses
o
o
17. This question is optional for the person fIlling out this survey.
L€Sjj E. &-~t-l +Name:
Position:
\\ G cer j} lee m" Qkn. r
18. Does your college/university give permission to use its name in any publications regarding this
survey?
~ yes
0 no
Thank. you for your time and effort. Please return this survey to:
Kimberly M. Reynolds
1213 W. University Ave.
Muncie, IN 47303
A self-addressed, stamped envelope is enclosed for your convenience.
71t~
. . ~.'
..
1. CollegelUniversity name: --..:.....-=.=:..:....;...-~~.:::..:.~~..=:;;-----------
-
2. Size o(,8rtident body:
r!f 1 -
2,000
0 2,001 - 10,000
.
o
10,001 .and up.
3. Does your community.Jrave a mandatory recycling program?
Dyes
r:f no
.
4. Does Y9ill" college/university have a recycling program?
Gf'yes
0 no
If no, please go to number 14.
5. Does Y9llf recycling program receive institutional suppon?
IiJ'" yes
0 no
If yes, what kind ofsuppon does it receive?
~~1eff. ~.r' ~
6.
~io(t;;';us co
.
/)~A~A~~
~~lrr'_~'
A1..4~.u.:;~'V
13'sjJldents
-,
CYs¢f
O'faculty
13"administration
o other: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
t. Who runs your recycling program?
o
students only
o a;iministration only
~cooperative program between students and administration
o other:
8. Which 9flhe following materials does your program recycle: (check all that apply)
iZf"!Jigh grade office paper
IZ?"90mputer paper
Iir newspaper
o cardboard
o glass
~alurninum cans
o steel cans
o plastics
o batteries
jCfap appliances
l3'laser printer cartridges
o motor oil
o construction debris
o tires
o hazardous wastes
o cJething, reusable goods, furniture
GrComposting of yarciwastes (~~
o other: ,/l1l.~ 1M - .e?t<~tlAf..---
o
-
(Please complete reverse side)
tl#-..;--
If)
9. How are these materials collected (i.~. drop-off bins)?
~~
,
~
.
fr.< ~.
~.'~ ~~~~~'7I~~.u.
10. How
e these items recycled (i.e. commercial recyclers, processors, local methods)?
~~~'J
.
11. Does
~.~
.
Ttl!t~
YO~o~ ~yerate at
a pr~Kt
B'loss
12. Are avoided dispos~ 1~~ a reason for your recycling program?
a
yes
~~~y
13. Our community (check all that apply): .
a has a recycling program
. ipates in our recycling program
a recycling programs are completely s~parate
does not have a recycling program
~
14. Does yOur college/university purchase products with some recycled content?
~yes
a no
¥e~r:4iJrirus?
15. Does)Yl1t college/university practice source reduction? (check all that apply)
Id"'dishes!glasses!silverware instead of throwaways
a double-sided copying
a minimize packaging accepted from manufacturers
a other:
a no
C~)
16. Does your college/university offer courses on (check all that apply):
a §OCial and political aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
I2rscientific and engineering aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
a agricultural aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
a economic aspects of natural resource use and development
a other relevant courses
17. This quest'
r
e person fIlling .out this survey.
______-+~________
Name:~~~~~~~~~
Position:
18.
Doe~yO college/university
su ey?
yes
a
no
give permission to use its name in any publications regarding this
.
Thank: you for your time and effort. Please return this survey to:
Kimberly M. Reynolds
1213 W. University Ave.
Muncie, IN 47303
A self-addressed, stamped envelope is enclosed for your convenience.
1. College/University name:
-~.
_.l.[V\_..:......:O"~'4......::t::....:..\"'.!..-~......:::U~"".!....:::..:..,V-=-.<_V....;....;;:J'__,A...:.+-_j-+_______
'
Size of student body:
rst 1 - 2,000
{j 2,001 - 10,000
o 10,001 and up
3. Does your comrnun~ have a mandatory recycling program?
o yes
~ no
4. Doe~our college/university have a recycling program?
yes
0 no
no, please go to number 14.
5.
Doe~our recycling program receive
institutional support?
yes
0 no
yes, what kind of support does it receive?
(f'r 0
y..,.-....
1;)
b
't:. \-..,
~ y- ( f c ~+&--~ u 1-...1/ C- I V. ".....r
<. .J
6. Whit.h onions of the campus community participate in the recycling program?
tudents
(check all that apply)
staff
~culty
~nistration
Bother: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
I.
Who runs your recycling program?
o students only
o administration only
..g.,~ooperati'!'Program between students and administration
JC-0ther: 4=a eM
Yl'\ 1; ~ \, ( -
(+-t
8. Which of the following materials does your program recycle: (check all that apply)
o high grade office paper
o computer paper
o newspaper
o cardboard
i~l::num cans
~teel cans
o plastics
o batteries
o scrap appliances
o laser printer cartridges
o motor oil
o construction debris
o tires
-
o hazardous wastes
o clothing, reusable goods, furniture
o
of yardwastes
o composting
other: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
(please complete reverse side)
9. How are these materials collected (i.e. drop-off bins)?
(lor 0 'f -
()
f-{- to t"" J
10. How are these items recycled (i.e. commercial recyclers, processors, local methods)?
U"--~~ ,.r~, e ~
'r -{ ~
J
c: \...-1. Y'/
11. Does your program3.erate at a profit or a loss?
o profit
~oss
12. Are avoided dispo~ costs a reason for your recycling program?
o yes
~no
13. Our community (check all that apply):
o has a recycling program
g participates in our recycling program
vttour recycling programs are completely separate
o does not have a recycling program
14. Doe~our college/university purchase products with some recycled content?
yes
0 no
es, what kind of materials?
C- , \".. . w--,. \ '"' v- V"V' c..
t- r-. S
15. Does your college/university practice source reduction? (check all that apply)
o dishes/glasses/silverware instead of throwaways
1S( double-sided copying
tfininimize packaging accepted from manufacturers
o other:
o no
16. Does your college/university offer courses on (check all that apply):
l
SOCial and political aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
scientific and engineering aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
agricultural aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
o economic aspects of natural resource use and development
o other relevant courses
17. ThisName:
question
is optional for the person filling out this survey.
__________________________________
___
Position:
18. Does your college/university give permission to use its name in any publications regarding this
survey?
"\4 no
Dyes
f\
Thank you for your time and effort. Please return this survey to:
Kimberly M. Reynolds
1213 W. University Ave.
Muncie, IN 47303
A self-addressed, stamped envelope is enclosed for your convenience.
1. CollegelUniversity name:
lLn\ve("$i*1 o-n ~Olr(., ~
- '!. Size of student body:
o 1 - 2,000
2,001 - 10,000
o 10,001 and up
m
3. Does your community have a mandatory recycling program?
Dyes
i:I no
4. Does your college/university have a recycling program?
~ yes
0 no
If no, please go to number 14.
5. Does your recycling program receive institutional support?
1m yes
0 no
If yes, what kind of support does it receive?
~~l~. tlVfPM £11
Ji~~.
~hoY ~
~~) a.I.~
6. Which portions of the campus community participate in the recycling program?
~ students
(check all that apply)
~ staff
~ faculty
~ administration
o other:
I. Who runs your recycling program?
o students only
o administration only
~
cooperative program between students and administration
o other:
8. Which of the following materials does your program recycle: (check all that apply)
~ high grade office paper
1lu. Ilpr1)"~" ~~ ~~
o computer paper
~ newspaper
~u,·oJ.! l~..,e. L~ ~ ~ ~~
~ cardboard
O'V ~ I~ ~ ~~i5U-~,
~ glass
1kv I~ ~k.- ~ Pr1>4 ~ ~ ~lU...J~ aluminum cans
9"Steel cans
~ ~ Xo·
!SlJ plastics
9""batteries
!?Scrap appliances
11u. I f'~ ~ O\..A...-Y W- tvre. ~
e1aser printer cartridges
VUA..t ~ Y.>tJ ~ itu.." f~ k.M ~
9"motor oil
o construction debris
~
~
.~ iU--h vi ~
Gr'tires
L~3~ to ~~ tLttiAA'I-~·
o hazardous wastes
GrClothing, reusable goods, furniture
l'I composting of yardwastes
o other: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
JnM-ili
(please complete reverse side)
':'
".s
9. How are these materials collected (i.e. drop-off bins)?
'Drop-# b\~
Cvv--L
~ I~ b~ -.J- ~~. ~
~ ~&-f~ f, ~~ ~~
6.l?o tV\\I()tvt.-S vol~ L~ &....hoY.
l~·
tollet..h'M. pYV~
10. How are these items recycled (i.e. commercial recyclers, processors, local methods)?
}...Dt.lL
~eL,~ .~~ Ib~
~ ~ ~~ ~
~ ~ ~ ~
+u.u... ~ to
nt."--Y'Lu...Y.
11. Does your program operate at a profit or a loss?
o profit
i'J loss
12. Are avoided disposal costs a reason for your recycling program?
o yes
!iI no
13. Our community (check all that apply):
has a recycling program
o participates in our recycling program
o our recycling programs are completely separate
iI does not have a recycling program
o
14. Does your college/university purchase products with some recycled content?
!J yes
0 no
If yes, what kind of materials?
~ pro~e}s
j
plA.~nC +mSV\.. CrYJa.L·k.U"'S i rtC~et.l
-fmu.v ~h-i~
15. Does your college/university practice source reduction? (check all that apply)
o dishes/glasses/silverware instead of throwaways
o double-sided copying
iI minimize packaging accepted from manufacturers
1Q other: F=l~ 0Jre.- ~c!.t-R. i 6n ~ V>.{L, - W r?j? i 5 ~ cLJno
o
16. Does your college/university offer courses on (check all that apply):
o social and political aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
o scientific and engineering aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
o agricultural aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
o economic aspects of natural resource use and development
other relevant courses
.a
17. This question isoptional for the person filling out this survey.
Name: Lt ~ 1lA..cM'<mPosition: At&t. JUt·
'Ple1.r&A.61~
db
18. Does your college/university give permission to use its name in any publications regarding this
survey?
o yes
~ no
Thank you for your time and effon. Please return this survey to:
Kimberly M. Reynolds
1213 W. University Ave.
Muncie, IN 47303
A self-addressed, stamped envelope is enclosed for your convenience.
PURDUE
1. CollegelUniversity name: _ _ _ _
_ _ _UNIVERSITY
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
-c:l,
Size of student body:
01- 2,000
o 2,00 1 - 10,000
I£J 10,001 and up
3. Does your community have a mandatory recycling program?
Dyes
1Ji'no
4. Does your college/university have a recycling program?
~ yes
0 no
If no, please go to number 14.
5. Does your recycling program receive institutional support?
~ yes
0 no
If yes, what kind of support does it receive?
-(""~ ~ y~f.\.c.aJ ~tl t-~
fA.J...J... SLl t ~ s IA.f {> ~H·:h~ U.A'::J::l
-:C:"'-0-~l~~ ~F~V,) o....~'Mcv.r-..r~~ ~~ t-tb~I·U
6. Which portions of the campus community participate in the recycling program?
~ students
(check all that apply)
~ staff
I» faculty
o~ administration
other: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
-
. Who runs your recycling program?
o students only
i administration only
~perative program between students and administration O~ ~~"'" ~ C'...N~.~v\. ~ i.R If
o other: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
u;~~/~~kLt~~)
8. Which of the following materials does your program recycle: (check all that apply)
IX' high grade office paper
~ computer paper
IX' newspaper
~ cardboard
o glass
o aluminum cans
steel cans
plastics
o batteries
o scrap appliances
o laser printer cartridges
motor oil
o construction debris
tires
o hazardous wastes
o clothing, reusable goods, furniture
"Sttomposting of yardwastes
o other: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
o
o
o
o
-
(please complete reverse side)
-
jJ( o~ Q...>.r~~
of
v..,"':~ .. n..~~ {\J..ot=\rY ~ l) \hlAl@
~.r\.~ ~"\..~ILL ~ ~k -€rv--~-\.UJL9. How are these. rr.ater..als collec~ed (Le. drop-off bins)?
_
Lt. ~",~tt~~ J'h~\f'tl; o..l~ \.~
...
~6t
.
L
\=> ti--~ l!::. c...o l\ectJ.... ,"'- ~ Ul ~t:;:""V' ~~...Q..~ \~~
l UI\.VJj. ')~~
.!L~t~-\ bo--u.u~u:..t.N-.l \\AJ-o P...v..~ ~~~~ ~~ - V'"<'{<-Ld (f ht-~~
c...~s. C l5'f'4J~~~ J -\:.vJ~ ro..v-..:t'u) ().w u.." ...J...Q-I~ cz.\ ~ ~f'6v1 ~~,.
to. How are these items recycled (Le. commercial recyclers, processors, local methods)?
V ~~~ ~S-l-w~--\~~,-~~ -tv. \r-~::r . w~ ?~@ P9.V~ w~ ·Li.
\.go-..\.J.. ~ ~....;t- -to ~(.~ ~Q':. j ~~,..J t!- ~~ka.a~ ~ ~~~GA
\,,,,J,9. .A or ~Q.A o.--..-('O--~~V-<:J ~ IU..~ ~ ::ro~t-~ oS Mu. ;r-f-;T m\ \~- 0
\,...(J...~~JLiXQ
l.~ M\~ ~ QD.~'\..I..£..)
11. Does your program o,perate at a proJit or ~ 10ss1
o profit
gloss C0-- S~t-* aN--')
it
~ --r~-~
12. ~~ided disposal costs a reason for your recycling program?
~yes
0 no
13. Our community (check all that apply):
Ohas a recycling program
o participates in our recycling program
~ur recycling programs are completely separate
o does not have a recycling program
14. Doesyour college/university purchase products with some recycled content?
gyes
0 no
If yes, what kind of materials?
,
~~.v<' ~~( o\f-~~ ~~~\\~) ,,~\V'\."\\~ ~~ ~C ~ l>-.".v-...-t\.~
~,,\:~ j ~~.~'~ \\\~Cl. ~~ O~ o.J.l ~~.k.~'1c.,LQJ.... ~q:
15. Does your college/university practice source reduction? (check all that apply)
.
(I
.
ISYdishes/glasses/silverware instead of throwaways ~ o....U... ~ ~ ~ ~-1-..) fV\.s:J ~"\ ~-\<..tt.-vUl~
o double-sided copying
. "
.
,
l L-{
l)Yfninimize packaging accepted from manufacturers (fL J ~G. J~ '- o..f<->l- \-k \MS \ \
o other:
~-\I\.it l.A....J{'o...)
o no
\Lt-
16. Does your college/university offer courses on (check all that apply):
o social and political aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
~scientific and engineering aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
ir'agricultural aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
Iireconomic aspects of natural resource use and development
gother relevant courses
17. This question is optional for the person fIlling out this survey.
Name: C:Xy<> So N0 \\e,
Position: )?.q;~~d &~1C\'\')~\&g..('C.~ (~~~ R..v.•(oJ~~.r\
J
18. Does your college/university give permission to use its name in any publications regarding this
su)Vey?
'fIyes
0 no
Thank you for your time and effort. Please return this survey to:
Kimberly M. Reynolds
1213 W. University Ave.
Muncie, IN 47303
A self-addressed, stamped envelope is enclosed for your convenience.
Ott
,-
1. College/University name:
~~ tr~II\,C;.r
_ _ _ _ _ C.~e,~ a_ _ _ _
_"::'-'~--':'
~_~---lI_'--
----~
2. Size of student body:
]2J- 1 - 2,000
o
2,001 - 10,000
o 10,001 and up
3. Does your community have a mandatory recycling program?
Dyes
S no
4. Does your college/university have a recycling program?
til yes
0 no
If no, please go to number 14.
5. Does Y.Ptlr recycling program receive institutional support?
r;!f yes
0 no
If yes, what kind of support does it receive?
~,.~l t(:;"'h';...{
6. Which portions of the campus community participate in the recycling program?
CY..students
(check all that apply)
~
taff
faculty
administration
0 other: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
-
I. Who runs your recycling program?
o ..students only
cg'administration only
o cooperative program between students and administration
o other:
8. WhiC~f the following materials does your program recycle: (check all that apply)
igh grade office paper
computer paper
o I)ewspaper
Cilkardboard
o Jlass
iJf'slluminum cans
~steel cans
~:~~:s
.
O"Scrap appliances
o ~ser printer cartridges
--
ltr'motor oil
o construction debris
o }ires
O"hazardous wastes
ylothing, reusable goods, furniture
9'composting of yardwastes
o other: _ _ _ _._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
o
(please complete reverse side)
9. How are these materials collected (i.e. drop-off bins)?
?~f~
~ ~-lv~'\1\.'" -
(~;~
~1J...c. c:lc-J 0'1.
lA
J ro ('
-oJEf' G; '\~
<j-t1l#
10. How are these items recycled (i.e. commercial recyclers, processors, local methods)?
~c~
~;10 ~ -
t. c¥f
'--0" 1M ' " (.,
~
1'<c'1 c L.c,J
11. Does your program o~te at a profit or a loss?
profit
810ss
o
12. Are ayoided disposal costs a reason for your recycling program?
ayes
0 no
13. Our cgmmunity (check all that apply):
a recycling program
o participates in our recycling program
ty'our recycling programs are completely separate
o does not have a recycling program
mas
14. Does.x6ur college/university purchase products with some recycled content?
I~fyes
a no
If yes, what kind of materials?
fC)e~
15. Does your college/university practice source reduction? (check all that apply)
a dishes/glasses/silverware instead of throwaways
cYciouble-sided copying
a minimize packaging accepted from manufacturers
a other:
a no
. 5. Does your college/university offer courses on (check all that apply):
a social and political aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
a scientific and engineering aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
a agricultural aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
a eyOrlomic aspects of natural resource use and development c
I I! S ~ ~ C /\
ID"Other relevant courses
tj·IOe.,'1
O((lf.
~+f-e.,.f
+.......,.,
~v~r.) ... ~nX.
c; Co
=.
17. This question is optional for the person fIlling out this survey.
Name:
Position:
~i'~wf~
;;j,.;~Rr~~
C ~ ~"rOr£"f-6 Aj _t.
18. Does your college/university give permission to use its name in any publications regarding this
surv..,.eSr?
~es
a
no
Thank you for your time and effort. Please return this survey to:
Kimberly M. Reynolds
1213 W. University Ave.
Muncie, IN 47303
A self-addressed, stamped envelope is enclosed for your convenience.
1. CollegelUniversityname:
",....a.
:58:/11./\
-;:SOXpJ's
Co
GL,(~C-{;""
Size of student body:
)5J::l. - 2,000
o 2,00 1 - 10,000
o 10,001 and up
3. Does your community have a mandatory recycling program?
Dyes
pno
4. Does your college/university have a recycling program?
& yes
a no
trIlO, please go to number 14.
5. Does your recycling program receive institutional support?
o yes
~n()
If yes, what kind of support does it receive?
6. Which portions of the campus community participate in the recycling program?
~tudents
(check all that apply)
~taff
~culty
-
o administration
o other:
" \\110 runs your recycling program?
o students only
o administration only
..B.cooperative program between students and administration
o other:
8. Which of the following materials does your program recycle: (check all that apply)
o high grade office paper
o computer paper
o newspaper
'Sf cardboard
'd glass
alUminUm cans
steel cans
plastics
o batteries
o scrap appliances
o laser printer cartridges
o motor oil
o construction debris
o tires
o hazardous wastes
o clothing, reusable goods, furniture
o composting of yardwastes
o other: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
i
(please complete reverse side)
9. How are these materials collected (i.&Off
~
10. How are these items recycled C.e. commercial recyclers, p
essors, local methods)?
11. Does your program operate at a profit or a loss?
Ll profit
ft( loss
12. Are avoided disposal costs a reason for your recycling program?
Ll yes
Ll no
13. Our community (check all that apply):
)7J has a recycling program
"d'participates in our recycling program
Ll our recycling programs are completely separate
Ll does not have a recycling program
14. Does your college/university purchase products with some recycled content?
Ll yes
Ll no
If yes, what kind of materials?
-.
15. Does your college/university practice source reduction? (check all that apply)
~ dishes/glasses/silverware instead of throwaways
Ll double-sided copying
Ll minimize packaging accepted from manufacturers
Ll other:
Ll no
16. Does your college/university offer courses on (check all that apply):
~ social and political aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
tJ'scientific and engineering aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
Ll agricultural aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
Ll economic aspects of natural resource use and development
Ll other relevant courses
17. This
question
is optional for the person filling out this survey.
Name:
__________________________________
___
Position:
18. Does your college/university give permission to use its name in any publications regarding this
survey?
Ll yes
~ no
Thank you for your time and effort, Please return this survey to:
Kimberly M. Reynolds
1213 W. University Ave.
Muncie, IN 47303
A self-addressed, stamped envelope is enclosed for your convenience.
'(~//j
··
5"'..:_ f.4...
A/r
A
";""".. A
v ., '_.-....;'"~...;.'/_.,...;;..-..;;;;
.....".,,'-...
__
'•
1. C0 II egeIU mverstty name: _ _ _ _-_.~;-..:...::.I.. ~-7.,:......LI-~v:....;...;L~J~(.."--T}.____.:.../___
.
-
Size of student body:
~1 - 2,000
o 2,001 - 10,000
o 10,001 and up
3. Does your community have a mandatory recycling program?
Dyes
p;{ no
4. Does your college/university have a recycling program?
Cl: yes
0 no
tfno, please go to number 14.
5. Does your recycling program receive institutional support?
~yes
0 no
If yes, what kind of support does it receive?
JIJ/;''';~'.{ "-~A (v . .{,.( 17 (;//l;t.. 4..f_;"';.If;o_IJ~ ...
1L,
fIJ.('~"· ;o·"r~/;".J
Q;o~,-",; "Z-~"".", '<v ,(;.1 t ..... "j t!--l
6. Which .portions of the campus community participate in the recycling program?
I2f students
(check all that apply)
I3'Staff
0""Jac ul ty
e:r administration
o other:
(. Who runs your recycling program?
o students only
~dministration only
o cooperative program between students and administration
o other:
8. Which of the following materials does your program recycle: (check all that apply)
o high grade office paper
o computer paper
o newspaper
o cardboard
o Elass
g'aluminum cans
9"steel cans
o plastics
!3'batteries
o scrap appliances
o laser printer cartridges
g;motor oil
o construction debris
o tires
B'1iazardous wastes
lY'Clothing, reusable goods, furniture
..o composting of yardwastes
B"'V';l-:r:
(,~1h .. "",
... /" A.·f. .Il-""~
(please complete reverse side)
9. How are these materials collected (i.e. drop-off bins)?
//", .....,.; /7 . . 1 "Ir~/- e/I
i"L/.;A,i
4
r'.:,,,,tf)
,-
..
II
.»
tJ·j,Ai ..
> ,..,;;.(, . . f; .. 1 " . . l'.J _ _
10. How are these items recycled (i.e(c0mmercial recyclers: processors, local methods)?
...
11. Does your program operate at a profit or a loss?
profit
~ loss
o
12. Are avoided disposal costs a reason for your recycling program?
o yes
~ no
13. Our community (check all that apply):
o has a recycling prob'Tam
'" participares in our recyciing program
our recycling programs are completely separate
o does not have a recycling program
o
14. Does your college/university purchase products with some recycled content?
~yes
0 no
If yes, what kind of materials?
15. Does your college/university practice source reduction? (check all that apply)
rr dishes/glasses/silverware instead of throwaways
'CJ double-sided copying
o minimize packaging accepted from manufacturers
o other:
o no
16. Does your college/university offer courses on (check all that apply):
social and political aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
scientific and engineering aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
a agril:uhuml aSPe~ts of hazardous and nunhazardous waste management
o economic aspects of natural resource use and development
o other relevant courses
o
o
17. Thi~:~~tion ~.?;,t!~nal ~~ thgJ~~:~~~_filling out this survey.
Position:
y; t<.
/~<), d' ..Yt
18. Does your college/university give permission to use its name in any publications regarding this
survey?
Dyes
Xno
Thank you for your time and effort. Please return this survey to:
Kimberly M. Reynolds
1213 W. University Ave.
Muncie, IN 47303
A self-addressed, stamped envelope is enclosed for your convenience.
_1_·n_a_rr.J.....·_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
1. CoUege/University name: _..::;s..,::t..,:.• ....;M;,:.e:,:i::n.:.,:r;,.:a;"..d_S_e_m
~
Size of student body:
n 1 - 2,000
o 2,001 - 10,000
o 10,001 and up
3. Does your community have a mandatory recycling program?
Dyes
ano
4. Does your college/university have a recycling program?
~yes
0 no
If no, please go to number 14.
5. Does your recycling program receive institutional support?
ayes
0 no
If yes, what kind of support does it receive?
Financial, stafffng, etc.
6. Which portions of the campus community participate in the recycling program?
ft students
(check all that apply)
nstaff
nfaculty
nadministration
o other:
-
. Who runs your recycling program?
o students only
o administration only
llcooperative program between students and administration
o other:
8. Which of the following materials does your program recycle: (check all that apply)
Xlhigh grade office paper
Klcomputer paper
lJnewspaper
ftcardboard
n glass
Klaluminum cans
nsteel cans
o plastics
o batteries
scrap appliances
o laser printer cartridges
nmotoroil
o construction debris
o tires
Xl hazardous wastes
o clothing, reusable goods, furniture
.-.
Xlcomposting of yardwastes
o other: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
a
(Please complete reverse side)
9. How are these materials collected (Le. drop-off bins)?
Houskeeping pick up.
Everyone has blue recycling was tebas kets ,
Cardboard, tin cans, aluminum cans and glass dropped off.
10. How are these items recycled (i.e. commercial recyclers, processors, local methods)?
Paper baled and sold to Fort Howard who picks up. Steel, aluminum, glass, appliances
taken to dealers. Hazardous waste picked up by licensed handler. Compost is chipped
and used on grounds. Oil is picked up by oil recycling company.
11. Does your program operate at a profit or a loss?
~ profit
0 loss On paper products and aluminum only
12. Are avoided disposal costs a reason for your recycling program?
~ yes
0 no
13. Our community (check all that apply):
o has a recycling program
o participates in our recycling program
o our recycling programs are completely separate
~ does not have a recycling program
14. Does your college/university purchase products with some recycled content?
IXJ yes
0 no
If yes, what kind of materials? Printing paper
15. Does your college/university practice source reduction? (check all that apply)
o dishes/glasses/silverware instead of throwaways
IX} double-sided copying
o minimize packaging accepted from manufacturers
o other:
o no
_6. Does your college/university offer courses on (check all that apply):
o social and political aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
o scientific and engineering aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
o agricultural aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
o economic aspects of natural resource use and development
o other relevant courses
17. This question is optional for the person fIlling out this survey.
Name: Frank Marsili
Position: Director, Physical Facilities
18. Does your college/university give permission to use its name in any publications regarding this
survey?
~ yes
0 no
Thank you for your time and effort. Please return this survey to:
Kimberly M. Reynolds
1213 W. University Ave.
Muncie, IN 47303
A self-addressed, stamped envelope is enclosed for your convenience.
1. College/University name:
~
Size of student body:
01- 2,000
~OO 1 - 10,000
o 10,001 and up
3. Does your community have
o yes
~o
~ recycling program?
4. Does yo;,r("college/university have a recycling program?
ltV'yes
0 no
If no, please go to number 14.
5. Does ygJIM"ecycling program receive institutional support?
l1r'yes
0 no
If yes, what kind of support does it recei~e?,
lr()O)o-/-io-na..( j /;)/I)S
1,
12
ro",t/ld) ~/l.ecnOK, r~ ~
IUd
6. Which p6rtions of the campus community participate in the recycling program?
11!r..,rlIdents
(check all that apply)
llr'}taff
-
llr'faculty
rB'administration
o other:
.. Who runs your recycling program?
o ~dents only
O'administration only
o cooperative program between students and administration
o other:
8. Which 9Hhe following materials does your program recycle: (check all that apply)
e'l)igh grade office paper
~90mputer paper
l!rpewspaper
l3"cardboard
o glass
~luminum cans
o steel cans
o plastics
o batteries
o scrap appliances
o laser printer cartridges
o motor oil
o construction debris
o 9res
mazardous wastes
o clothing, reusable goods, furniture
o
of yardwastes
o composting
other: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
(please complete reverse side)
9. How are these materials collected (i.e. drop-off bins)?
B,'nS
10. How are these items recycled (i.e. commercial recyclers, processors, local methods)?
b;lhrn.e,yCf.-tt
III
11. Does your program oJ'date at a profit or a loss?
o profit
IB'I0ss
12. Are avoided dispo~ a reason for your recycling program?
o yes
no
~ I /'Ld4'
13. Our cgJImlunity (check all that apply):
mas a recycling program
o participates in our recycling program
o our recycling programs are completely separate
o does not have a recycling program
14. Does V.wfcollege/university purchase products with some recycled content?
l1YYes
0 no
If yes, what kind of materials?
ftljJ-l-'1 pkl.5.J-tUl-/ ~
q
Wt
tJ
~S
15. Does ~ college/university practice source reduction? (check all that apply)
iJ("~shes/glasses/silverware instead of throwaways
g 4etible-sided copying
ItY'minimize packaging accepted from manufacturers
o other:
o no
16. Does your college/university offer courses on (check all that apply):
o social and political aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
o scientific and engineering aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
o agricultural aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
o economic aspects of natural resource use and development
o other relevant courses
17. This question i~ optional for the
Name: __~~~~~~__~~~~~-+_________
Position:
18. Does your cOllege/znivshy give permission to use its name in any publications regarding this
survey?
o yes
no
Thank you for your time and effort. Please return this survey to:
Kimberly M. Reynolds
1213 W. University Ave.
Muncie, IN 47303
A self-addressed, stamped envelope is enclosed for your convenience.
1. College/University name: ___1}L.;;:l.~~-=L..o=-::~:...-.::U:::}J:..:;:..:V..:6:...:IC...:.:S::../..:..T.J.r--- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
,..-q Size of student body:
m1 -
o
o
2,000
2,00 1 - 10,000
10,001 and up
3. Does your community have a mandatory recycling program?
Dyes
00 no
4. Does your college/university have a recycling program?
IiJ yes
0 no
If no, please go to number 14.
5. Does your recycling program receive institutional support?
2J yes
0 no
If yes, what kind of support does it receive?
6. Which portions of the campus community participate in the recycling program?
IiJ students
(check all that apply)
IXJ staff
IJJ faculty
ID administration
o other:
-
Who runs your recycling program?
o students only
IJ administration only
o cooperative program between students and administration
o other:
8. Which of the following materials does your program recycle: (check all that apply)
~ high grade office paper
tiJ computer paper
Ii newspaper
mcardboard
IiJ glass
~ aluminum cans
~ steel cans
~ plastics
o batteries
o scrap appliances
o laser printer cartridges
o motor oil
o construction debris
o tires
o hazar
iZJ c othin reusable goods, furniture
o
of yardwastes
o composting
other: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
(Please complete reverse side)
9. How are these materials collected (Le. drop-off bins)?
~1I
c-L.:
................. ~
400C"'c
.......
-
.
............._ _
_~_..:..._ - ,~. --g
JJ~.
~
A.
-t:J-j.-....
~
t.r
~
rf
10. How are these items recycled (i.e;~ercial recyclers processors, local methods)?
11. Does your program operate at a profit or a loss?
a profit
~ loss
12. Are avoided disposal costs a reason for your recycling program?
a yes
I1J no
13. Our community (check all that apply):
has a recycling program ~
o participates in our recycling program
ill our recycling programs are completely separate
a does not have a recycling program
a
14. Does your college/university purchase products with some recycled content?
~ yes
0 no
If yes, what kind of materials?
~~t~£~
:te:i.- t!#~.,..-.;
15. Does your college/university practice source reduction? (check all that apply)
1m dishes/glasses/silverware instead of throwaways
a double-sided copying
o minimize packaging accepted from manufacturers
a other:
a no
16. Does your college/university offer courses on (check all that apply):
IKJ social and political aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
ta scientific and engineering aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
6i' agricultural aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
ga economic aspects of natural resource use and development
III other relevant courses
17. This question is optional for the person fIlling out this survey.
Name:
L,,4utf-"
6h1rsotJ
Position: t::.Ie.Eqol! .; O~F.'c...E se:-.eWc...GS
18. Does your college/university give pennission to use its name in any publications regarding this
survey?
iIJ yes
a no
Thank you for your time and effort. Please return this survey to:
Kimberly M. Reynolds
1213 W. University Ave.
Muncie, IN 47303
A self-addressed, stamped envelope is enclosed for your convenience.
~.
Size of student body:
)it'1 - 2,000
a 2,00 1 - 10,000
a 10,001 and up
3. Does your commu~~ have a mandatory recycling program?
a yes
)'lno
4. Does your college/university have a recycling program?
a yes
il no
If no, please go to number 14.
5. Does your recycling program receive institutional support?
a yes
a no
If yes, what kind of support does it receive?
6. Which portions of the campus community participate in the recycling program?
a students
(check all that apply)
a staff
a faculty
a administration
a other:
" "'fh-AI
.. Who runs your recycling program?
a students only
a administration only
a cooperative program between students and administration
a other:
8. Which of the following materials does your program recycle: (check all that apply)
a high grade office paper
a computer paper
a newspaper
a cardboard
a glass
a aluminum cans
a steel cans
a plastics
a batteries
a scrap appliances
o laser printer cartridges
o motor oil
o construction debris
o tires
o hazardous wastes
o clothing, reusable goods, furniture
o
of yardwastes
o composting
other: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
(Please complete reverse side)
..
...
...,..
,
'
9. How are these materials collected (i.e. drop-off bins)?
..
.
-
10. How are these items recycled (i.e. commercial recyclers, processors, local methods)?
11. Does your program operate at a profit or a loss?
profit
0 loss
o
12. Are avoided disposal costs a reason for your recycling program?
Dyes
0 no
13. Our community (check all that apply):
has a recycling program
participates in our recycling program
our recycling progr.uns are completely separate
does not have a recycling program
o
o
o
o
14. Does your college/university purchase products with some recycled content?
"Ayes
0 no
If yes, what kind of materials?
15. Does your college/university practice source reduction? (check all that apply)
o dishes/glasses/silverware instead of throwaways
1iJl. double-sided copying
minimize packaging accepted from manufacturers
o other:
no
o
o
16. Does your college/university offer courses on (check all that apply):
social and political aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
)i(scientific and engineering aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
o agricultural aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
~ economic aspects of natural resource use and development
J'.0ther relevant courses
o
17. This
question
is optional for the person filling out this survey.
Nrune:
___________________________________
___
Position:
18. Does your college/university give permission to use its name in any publications regarding this
survey?
o yes
~no
Thank you for your time and effort. Please return this survey to:
Kimberly M. Reynolds
1213 W. University Ave.
Muncie, IN 47303
A self-addressed, stamped envelope is enclosed for your convenience.
1. CollegelUniversityname:
-0.
Yes,", ?QC(l\ so UO'l v~r "8'lty
Size of student body:
01- 2,000
~ 2,001 - 10,000
o 10,001 and up
3. Does your community have a mandatory recycling program?
o yes
$-no
4. Doe~our college/university have a recycling program?
yes
0 no
f no, please go to number 14.
5.
Doe~our recycling
program receive institutional support?
·ip-yes
0 no
If yes, what kind of support does it receive?
Ph~,>,( f>,{ PI.-,q.,+ ~ ~ ~
I
.
•
~ \:,..<!lt~l( '> .4(~~ '''I ~.ft-.o-.
6. Which portions of the campus community participate in the recycling program?
ft students
(check all that apply)
)J-staff
~~
.Pfa.culty
~.
,.~_
' j . ) -1-1
('oC "'S~
~
~
\.111" p(p
r""'l-6dmi"
;, <..q; 0\ .
0
~ '"' v:2. f
t-"- f
.J.4 ~
mstratIon
v
,
o other:
hwJlK c.,n- VRJ\.~rS) u e...
.. Who runs your recycling program?
o students only
o administration only
....,cY'cooperative program between students and administration
o other:
8. Which of the following materials does your program recycle: (check all that apply)
o high grade office paper ( I N \-f..-.. r-a.-c, r ~-k.t (' «
-.m computer paper
---GJ newspaper
"'EJ cardboard
'8 glass (e-~,/r)
"S aluminum cans
'9-steel cans
o plastics
--S batteries
o scrap appliances
o laser printer cartridges
blmotor oil
o construction debris
o tires
CJ--hazardous wastes -'1-- \)e m KctLI~''''
_
--..Q. clothing, reusable goods, furniture
~ ~~~
~ composting of yardwastes (~ C1'-"1 '--'"'P ~o~(.~ ~1 U~ '-'>- u-,>,-J
o other: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
(please complete reverse side)
9. How are these materials collected (i.e. drop-off bins)?
~ tl \ \:> \ '- Ie.. tAf
~ k-<, o\.-yO
zht
0(..0 2,
V
-
'< 1'\ 0.::, R
(.,0
vn
~
~
I
r1
j L. . -
J.}(l
u..rz.-
;h~ ~ ~
~~---Y'Y)
t-'
~~
10. How are these items recycled (i.e. commercial recyclers, processors, local methods)?
c:;
~~ f'"~ 1An--p~ ~
0--
~,~~
~c-~ ~r:<-.6'
-
'--
~
11. Does your program operate at a profit or a loss?
o profit
loss
)3
12. Are avoided disposal costs a reason for your recycling program?
Dyes
no
;«
13. Our community (check all that apply):
~as
a recycling program
o participates in our recycling program
fi"Our recycling programs are completely separate
o does not have a recycling program
14. Does your college/university purchase products with some recycled content?
~es
Ono
If yes, what kind of materials?
cL.
' D .• ~.~ p~ ~
~~ ~
Cl/1'
II tftJ.
~
.s:-o -
~
-r--,-'
P
~
~~~~~~~~rr~
'Yrt
tM--
15. Does your college/university practice source reduction? (check all that apply)
E-dishes/glasses/silverware instead of throwaways
~ouble-sided copying
o minimize packaging accepted from manufacturers
o other:
o no
~~ ~.~ ~ M" ~~c-. r~
vrt(J/
16. Does your college/university offer courses on (check all that apply):
o social and political aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
o scientific and engineering aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
o agricultural aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
o economic aspects of natural resource use and development
o other relevant courses
~,. J
'
~
'<\"
IL
l\~
l.'-J '
17. ThisName:
question
is optional for the person fIlling out this sUIVey.
__________________________________
___
Position:
18. Does your college/university give permission to use its name in any publications regarding this
sUIVey?
o yes
.~no
Thank you for your time and effort. Please return this sUIVey to:
Kimberly M. Reynolds
1213 W. University Ave.
Muncie, IN 47303
A self-addressed, stamped envelope is enclosed for your convenience.
7i
v,G.ENIiES'
/Vas i 711
1. College/University name: -...:....:::.:::..:::::.:...:.-.:..-=---!:4!-~~----:O,.;.'-----------0..
Size of student body:
0)' - 2,000
~ 2,001 - 10,000
o
10,001 and up
3. Does y~ community have a mandatory recycling program?
~ yes
0 no
4. Does Y.s>Ur college/university have a recycling program?
g'yes
0 no
If no, please go to number 14.
5. Does y.Jaur recycling program receive institutional support?
Gf yes
0 no
If yes, what kind of support does it receive?
MANfoJJe'<
wor. t<~ttofs l.5e m ilJa~.s .
/a.i f)<:.If.5
IRA PSlo/l.
CON
ra.. -t-lo7V
fdu,1..aJ-; ontd ~ a tel' .a/~
.
6. Which portions of the campus community participate in the recycling program?
LYstudents
(check all that apply)
~taff
cYfaculty
~administration
o other:
Who runs your recycling program?
o students only
o )lClministration only
bi cooperative program between students and administration
o other:
N?MIN,S.Hl...J::I1f;p e1 l ... t e:)hJ,jl.ol\ltntt\IOI.. S~Ff;'''( oJ=-F'<"c.
8. Which pf the following materials does your program recycle: (check all that apply)
~gh grade office paper
UdI 90 mputer paper
/
I
de.m 4. J1d)
CIY)1ewspaper (71ti~ ,:, eve/iud- - b aSCd O}1
i2J' cardboard
I
~.,.glass v{tJ~1 ';,ta.f? Te.d
GJ'SlhIminum cans
aYsteel cans
o jrlastics
i3"batteries
~crap appliances
o laser printer cartridges
~motoroil
o construction debris
o tires
o hazardous wastes
~clothing, reusable goods, furniture
M composting of yardwastes
o other: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
(Please complete reverse side)
9. How are these materials collected (Le. drop-off bins)?
-P1c..K IJP
\.I)~~n..~
c..1:IT""\t~1
13"'(
\\
'f't")
C~""'P9S
rs
TI\\(.e '"
~"""Te-~-~("tQ
_IN'~NU-.lue
FF
",,,,,,,,PI> ~
T'j<..~$
~~!)
,&i
It"<-~N
i.
'-e:-,J'fE.n. .. L
Cot'T\Mff\.t...aL
h1A7~n..I.L.o
Ol~e~f(.."
..,,,n.j;)
'IfNOu\.,S , 0 1'\"
£..C)m~en..."I~L-
-r. '"
10. How are these items recycled (Le. commercial recyclers, processors, local methods)?
c.o",,", ~ E:f\. ... I ' 'R..e c., c.~,,- S
11. Does your program operate at a profit or a loss?
o profit
~ loss
12. Are avoided disposal costs a reason for your recycling program?
Dyes
.no
13. Our community (check all that apply):
.)i't has a recycling program
o participates in our recycling program
Ji::cur recycling programs are completely separate
o does not have a recycling program
14. Does your college/university purchase products with some recycled content?
~yes
0 no
If yes, what kind of materials?
f'APeR.. )
OIL
15. Does ,Your college/university practice source reduction? (check all that apply)
_sUshes/glasses/silverware instead of throwaways
IS(double-sided copying
o minimize packaging accepted from manufacturers
o other:
o no
16. Does your college/university offer courses on (check all that apply):
o social and political aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
o scientific and engineering aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
o agricultural aspects of hazardous and nonhazardous waste management
o economic aspects of natural resource use and development
o other relevant courses
18. Does your college/university give permission to use its name in any publications regarding this
survey?
9 yes
0 no
Thank you for your time and effort. Please return this survey to:
Kimberly M. Reynolds
1213 W. University Ave.
Muncie, IN 47303
A self-addressed, stamped envelope is enclosed for your convenience.
Scn.r.
1)~
p
w
at
colleges
and
universities.
-
In the summer ofl989, a s=ion of the eighth National Recycling
Coalition (NRC) was held on the subject of recycling at U.S. universities. Recycling was in its infancy, one paper concluded, since only a handful of institutions were involved. Several of those were long-tenn projects, other papers concluded, having antedated the recycling "fad" of
the late 1980s: a University of Minnesota recycling program for office
paper had begun in 1984 in one building; Rutgers and Dartmouth had
instituted multi-material, comprehensive programs in 1987. The Rutgers program had existed for 15 years on a limited, voluntary basis. The
papers presented at this session concluded that these programs, while
good models, were not representative of the state of recycling at the
nation's colleges and universities.
The NRC session did not try to address other waste management
issues that campus waste managers today need to answer. Were campuses reducing waste? Had recycling programs been undertaken with
institutional support, and might therefore be likely to be around five
years later? What campus community members were involved? Were
campus procurement officers involved in closing the loop, i.e. purchasing products made with recycled content at some standard, if not
the U.S. EPA standard, for paper, paper products, recycled used oil, recycled tires, and other materials?
These questions are not entirely new, nor is recycling on campus
entirely new. "Recycling" was one of the fIrst answers to the question,
"What positive steps can students take to help the Earth?" in the wake
of Earth Day 1970. In the 1970s, many campuses had student-run
BY FRED T. FRIEDMAN
u.s.
Friedman is cCHiirector of Friedom Research, and head of the
EPA Region 1 (Boston) "Research Libraryfor ReRA" as a contractor.
JUNE 1993
WUTEAGE
131
, ..,. Contd.
mitory-suite size groups of students-are frequently abandoned at the end of the school year, creating enormous
mounds of small refrigerators, stoves, and hot plates for
janitorial staff to deal with.
In 1982, a small solid wastes survey conducted at the
University of Maryland, American University, the University of minois, and the University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, revealed that between 0.86 and 2
pounds per person, per day, of solid waste
Campus waste
was generated on these college campuses.
Many variables defIne the amount and
Purella. prod.ctl
The variability was largely a function of
composition of the wastes that campuses
with
10• •
whether there were special programs that
generate. These include the presence of a
recycled cont.nt?
generated special wastes on campus, such as
mandatory legal requirement that either
I 46 of 61 campuses buy
those in specialized professional schools.
requires recycling a portion of the waste
recycled office paper
In 1990, one rruyor university reported
stream, or bans disposal of certain materi9ofl5from~ I
als in landfills or by incineration. This
generating approximately 6 pounds of waste
19 of 26 from Grow 2
per person, per day, compared with a nationaffects all of society. Massachusetts, New
18 of 20 from Grow 3
York, New Jersey, and Connecticut are four
al average of 4.3 pounds per person, per day.
examples of Northeastern states that have
What is happening to that waste?
I 38 of 61 campuses buy
soniIury paper (napkins,
such mandates. One set of variables involves
An aspect of waste management that
tissues) with recycled con1ent
obvious classifiers such as campus size,
remains unnoticed is the unique position of
80115 from Group I
colleges and universities to both teach solid
location, and type of professional schools
16 of 26 from Group 2
(which generate specialized wastes) within
waste management and practice it using
15 of 20 from Group 3
a university. Another set of variables
one's own campus as a laboratory. Have
I 15 Ii 61 campuses buy
involves not-5o·obvious classifIers such as the
our institutions seized this opportunity?
recycled knIsco~ng suwl"1eS
amount of construction, demolition, and
In answer to these and related ques3of 15 fnxn Group I
groundskeeping that goes on at a campus,
tions concerning multifaceted opportuni50126 fnxn ~ 2
or the number and placement of residence
ties for source reduction, recycling, pro7 01 20 fnxn Group 3
halls and dining facilities. Wastes on camcurement, and classroom education, this
pus are generated in residence halls, dining
article reports the results of a survey of 61
I 6 of 61 compuses buy
recycled OOiktmg moterioIs
facilities, offIces, classrooms, laboratories,
colleges and universities. The survey was
libraries, and physical plants for energy,
oof 15 from Group I
conducted by mail during the 1992-93 aca3 of 26 from Group 2
lighting, and heating, as well as in specialdemic year using a standardized form and
3of 20 fnxn Group 3
ized parts of medical school, agricultural
was sent to 100 institutions of sizes varying
school, and engineering school facilities.
from less than 2,000 to more than 10,000
Other matefkJls mentioned
Wastes one would not expect to be
in student population. The survey most
indxIe ""' C1IIIfVSI1S for eoch Ii
severo! (XOCII8tf m: f1miIure,
problems on campus are present Several
properly could be said to reflect condifIIrishiwJs IJri ;on;torial Sl.f1(ies.
examples: a large source of mercury poltions
at campuses in the Northeast; 80 surlme compus has found 0 IKIY uf pur'
lution in landfills and in the ash at municvey instruments went to Northeast camdming recycled electrkol SV(lJies
(/ightIdJs).
ipal and medical incinerators is traceable to
puses, and 20 were sent to other regions of
the use of mercury-bearing amalgams used
the U.S. as a geographic control. The 61
in dental schools and student-run dental
responses reported here come from:
clinics. Fluorescent lighting, almost universally used in
Group 1, Colleges/Universities with <2,000:
15
campus buildings, is another source of mercury conGroup 2, Colleges/Universities with 2,000-lO,000: 26
tamination during waste disposal operations. Campus
Group 3, Colleges/Universities with >10,000: 20
computer centers generate large quantities oflaser printThe survey was sent to the public/university relations
er cartridge waste. Laser printer cartridges are reusable offIcer of each institution. Where a respondent's title was
after processing, but comparatively few campus recycling indicated (half of the time) responses were chiefly received
programs return them to a recycler for reinking and from either the head of janitorial services, from a staff
reuse. White goods-used individually or in small dor- member in the physical plant, or from an administrator.
recycling programs functioning. The organization "Environmental
Action"
frequently
ran
these
programs, as did the Public Interest Research Groups.
However, most of these programs did not have full campus community support, and were not institutionalized.
They tended to die when their most activist student members graduated.
\
-
132
WASTEAGE J UNE 1993
rea,. Contd.
do small institutions. There is also a tendency for both
the smaller and the larger institutions to recycle hard-todispose materials. Of the 19 institutions that recycle
cardboard, fIve are from Group 1, nine
are from Group 2, and fIve are from
Recycling
Group 3.
All 61 responding institutions have
Col~/.nlvenltles
Relatively few campus recycling
a recycling program. The most comwltII COlftjH'.....sIv. recyprograms handle materials that are
monly recycled materials are high-grade
rMucllon, ..... protechnically (as opposed to economioffice and computer paper, and alucur.ment program..
cally) hard to dispose. Just seven prominum cans. A surprisingly high numgrams recycle used motor oil; another
In Group 1 (less 11m 2,000 studen~):
ber (49 of 61) also recycle newspaper
Johnson S1ute College, Vermont
three programs recycle construction
despite the well-known fact that in many
Holm 8. WrltKlrn Smith College, New YOlk
debris; three programs recycle tires;
regions of the: country, newspaper and
University of Bridgeport, COI1IIeCIKut
and one program attempts to recycle
other low-grade papers cannot be sold
Tririly College, Connecticut
hazardous waste.
at all or at a cost-recovering price due
WiIttoms College, MossodlJsetIs
A word about saleable recydables.
to a two-year-long glut on the market.
In Group 2 (2,OOO10,000~):
For over a year, the only high-volume
Glass is the fourth most recycled mateDor1mooth College, New Honpshire
recyclable materials for which a susrial on campus, while steel cans and
DePww University, Indiono
tained madet with reasonable pricother metals are recycled in slightly
Pri1cetoo University, New leIsey
ing paid by recyclers, regardless of
more than half the reporting
Ramopo CoDege, New le!sey
SUNY at New Poftz, New YOlk
regional market they were being sold
institutions.
UriYeIsiIy of New Hoven, Comedirut
in, have been steel, lead, copper, tin,
Due probably to lack of knowledge
UriYeIsiIy of Vermont
and aluminum. High-grade paper has
of their value or recyclability, many
Brown University, Rhode Ism!
kept some of its salability, but not all
materials that can be profitably sold
Ithoco College, New YOlk
to recyclers are collected on less than
of it. Plastics are very low-priced recyUniversity of Moine at AugusIo
Colgate UJWerstty, New YOlk
dables, but they have kept up as a marhalf of the responding campuses. Minor
Plymouth SIDle College, New Hmnpshire
waste stream components, such as batketable recycled commodity. In this
Smith College, Mossochuset1s
teries, scrap appliances, and laser carcontext, it is nothing short of amazing
tridges are recycled, but with less frethat most campus recycling programs
In Group 3 (10,000+~):
still collect and sell high- and low-grade
quency than the major waste stream
Bowing Green SIllte Uriver5iIy, Ohio
Univel5i1y of Moine at Orono
paper, glass, and other less marketable
components of paper, metals, and glass.
Cornell University, New YOlk
materials.
Yard waste is being collected for
Rochester Ins1i1uIe of Ted1l10logy, New YOlk
composting off-campus, or compostWho is operating campus recyFlorida SIllte University
ed on campus by buildings and grounds
cling programs? Recycling programs
Univel5i1y 01 Rhode Island
staff or by agrirultural schools on or off
University of Southern Maile
are most frequently run by campus
GeoIge Mason UnivelSity, VrgiIio
campus in 35 of 61 cases.
administration or staff members, not
Northeastern UnivelSity, Mossodrusetts
Institutional size has little bearing
by students. Students, staff, and adminon what or how many materials are
istration cooperatively run one-fourth
TIre ist includes 27 instiMions. Neurly 00If ri the 27
are pub6c instiMions. Most significmt/y, /OOugh, is
collected for recycling. Eight ofthe 15
of all reporting programs. Students
the foct that 14 institutions condcKliN; ~,
smallest institutions of Group 1 recycle
and staff cooperatively run 11 prosource reduction, and procurement (nJ private instiItt
the basic materials-paper, aluminum,
grams. The pattern holds true in
lions that DIe not legally requifetJ IrJ specificaly
engage in these oc1ivities unless thei sIrJte has
metals, and glass-and also some smallGroups 1, 2, and 3: students alone do
ITIOfK!atort recycling. SIrJtes that do 00ve mondotrxy
er volume wastes such as batteries, laser
not run recycling programs; staff and
recyUtng indtxJe New Jersey, Comecticut, New y~,
cartridges, or food waste. Similarly, 16
administration alone do. But students
Pennsy/vrJnia, IIhode Island, West \frtginiJ, and the
District ri Columbia.
of 26 of the institutions in mid-size
participating with staff and/ or adminGroup 2 do the same basic materials
istration run the largest number of
plus lower-volume materials traffIc, and
programs. Cooperative efforts do
12 of the 20 institutions in lO,OOO+ student population work, for, in what may be the best waste management proGroup 3 do the same. There is a tendency for the largest gram all-around, the vast m.yority of these are similarly,
institutions to collect more materials for recycling than cooperatively run.
In nine cases, a person whose title was either recycling
coordinator, environmental coordinator, or solid waste
coordinator was the respondent.
en..,
134
WASTE AG£
III',
r
'Q Q ,
-
-
, ..,,, Cootd.
No discernible geographic exceptions emerge for any ered 112 tons of office paper and two tons of aluminum.
of the three categories of institutions by size, nor for any These, too, were sold to a recycler. At the University of
Nebraska, a citizens group was instrumental in operating
increased tendency to recycle one or another material.
the recycling program, but it evidently went out of bus iThough the survey is not truly national since 80 of the
100 surveys were sent to institutions in the Northeast, insti- ness when market prices for many of the recyclables coltutions in the South, the Midwest, and the West recycle lected failed to pay salaries of full-time employees.
At Dartmouth College, high-grade
approximately the same materials in
office paper is sold directly to a recycling
the same ways as their Northeastern
processor that picks up the contents of
kin. They are as likely to run their camThe final survey
a locked compactor machine every two
pus programs by cooperative efforts
question ask"- If
weeks. Aluminum is stored in a locked
between campus sectors and have camcourses were ta'!tht on
container that will hold approximately
pus-wide programs, if not system-wide
the following sUblects:
20,000 cans, and is picked up by the
programs. They, too, tend to not have
processor every week. Newspaper is bunmunicipal involvement in their recy• SocioI/poIitical aspects of hazoolous
and nonhozoolous waste monogement.
dled in twine or stacked in collection
cling programs, nor to recycle such
• Scien1fK/engineeIi1g II5jl8ds d
bins. Once each week, about two tons of
materials as magazines, food waste, conhaz!ldoos and oorimtJdous waste
newspapers are delivered to a nearby
struction debris, or computer disks.
nxmgement.
dairy
farm and shredded by the farmer
It is significant to note that 54 of the
• Agricuhurnl aspects d hazardous mil
nonhazardous waste management.
for animal bedding. After use, the bed61 colleges and universities that are
• Economic aspects of ooIunII resource
ding is mixed with manure and comrecycling are located in municipalities
use mil development.
posted. Cardboard is stored in a comthat are also recycling. However, no
• Other relewnt COUl5eS.
campus recycling programs are municpactor and picked up by the processor on
a tw~week cycle. Glass, a problem mateipally operated, and only two college
FronIr.~...
received, It appean
rial at Dartmouth, is discouraged from
or university programs have any municthat 30 of 6'lnstltuuse. Glass must be shipped hundreds
ipal involvement in their recycling systIons teach at least the
tems. Rural location accounts for many
of
miles for processing. Wood, scrap
sodaI/poUtIcaI aspects
of the seven cunpuses situated in nonmetals, and motor vehicle batteries are
t.ther with elflier
sold directly to local processors. Yard
recycling municipalities.
the sc"ntlflc/e~ln...
Inl as~ts or 1M
The survey also asked respondents
waste is composted on campus or on a
economic aspects.
whether they knew if their state has a tarnearby pig farm. Laser printer toner cargeted or mandated percentage of munictridges are shipped by custodial staff to
• Economic aspects are most IrequenIty
ipal solid wasle that must be recycled.
a reprocessor for refilling. Clothing,
tought (36 of 61 );
More a test oCknowledge than of objecreusable goods, and furniture are col• SocioI/po5ticoi ospecIs ore next (33
of 61);
tive fact, 41 institutions knew that their
lected by staff and shipped to a local
state had such a requirement, as most
• Scientific/engineering ospecIs ore next
charity.
(31 of 61);
states in the country, in fact, do have
The State University of New York
• Agricultural ospecIs ore tought in 11
them in 1992. Nine institutions' repre(SUNY)
at Stony Brook reinstituted a
programs.
sentatives, chiefly in New York and Masrecycling program in 1988 after the
Other reIevont (0tJfS8S that ore IlJI¢t in at
sachusetts, did not know whether their
municipality substantially raised its landleast ooe progmm indvde recycling, (0f1'4I0SI'
state had such requirements on its
fill
fees. By 1990, the staff- and admining, poIvtion {XevenliolJ, kmdfi1I design, ()(ar
books. And, more significant still, 11
istration-run program used mail hamputionoI health, wuter /reoImerJt, and Iroosehold hazorrJous was1e.
representatives incorrectly believed that
pers provided by a commercial recycler
their states (New Hampshire, Masto collect high-grade paper for weekly
sachusetts, Vermont, Indiana, and
pick-up by the recycler. Cardboard was
Arkansas) did not have target or mandatory recycling per- added to this collection and pick-up cycle soon aftercentages.
ward. According to its contract, the university receives preThe materials collected for recycling at institutions set amounts per ton for computer paper, mixed ledger
of higher education are disposed of in several ways. At paper, cardboard, low-grade newspaper, and unsorted
UCLA, 228 tons of paper are recycled each month by sell- paper. Stony Brook, like most universities, still does not
ing to a commercial recycler. New York University recov- make any money recycling. In fact, again like most, it oper-
.~o
rea,. Contd.
The University of Massachusetts at Amherst requestates a recycling program at a decided loss. Cost recovery
is in the form of costs avoided by reducing the waste ed more bulk containers be used in deliveries to food serrequiring landfilling. In 1989, SUNY Stony Brook avoid- vice areas. Emory University made recommendations
ed approximately $18,000 in tipping fees, while generating regarding waste reduction measures. Ithaca College
$10,000 for the sale of waste paper to recyclers. Slow replaced polystyrene food items with reusable ones, and
expansion was one of the keys to the success of this pro- instructed the campus print shop to reduce the amount
of waste it generated and to use soy-based inks rather than
gram.
At Rutgers, the State University of New Jersey, week- petroleum-based chemical inks. Randolph-Macon College
ly collection of office paper, newspaper, aluminum, glass, has banned the use of paper towels in dormitories, proand other metals is done by a waste hauler middleman moting cloth wipes instead; Randolph-Macon has also
who sells these materials to recyclers. However, a sepa- instituted the use of reusable test tubes in laboratories
rate recycling effort at dining halls is operated by uni- wherever possible. Many of the institutions that recycle
versity staff that, itself, hauls collected cardboard, glass, laser toner cartridges, also accept the recycled product
back from the reprocessor, engaging
aluminum, and plastics to local recyclers
in both recycling and source reduction
for sale with direct payment to the uniin the same loop.
versity. Food wastes are picked up at a
Survey Instllullons wllh
Bowdoin College developed a
small cost by a local farm.
comprehensive waste
management programs
source reduction program in 1990 for
In these examples it appears that
and curricula:
its chemistry laboratories. The aim was
creative means of disposal can be
to bring to 'microscale' the volume of
arranged at a small cost-sometimes at
Group 1:
hazardous materials used. Troy State
a small profit-but not on a self-conJohnson Stote College, Vennont
University of Alabama conducted sevtained profitable basis. Contracts with
Hobart &Williom Smi1h Coftege, New York
eral hazardous waste reduction projects
processors usually yield the maximum
Group
2:
involving decreasing reliance on cleanbenefits, but they do not yield profits.
Dortmouth College, New HompsIire
ing fluids containing hazardous chemAvoided disposal costs must be factored
DePauw Univer5ity, Indiono
icals
into the economic soup of university
or CFC-bearing propellants.
Prin<eton University, New Jersey
Romopo
College,
New
Jersey
Through
its Center for Environand college recycling.
SUNY at New Peltz, New York
mental Management, Tufts University
Univer5ity of New Hoven, Connedirut
sponsored several conferences on the
Recycling alld source reductioll
University of Vermont
Colleges and universities, like other
subject of household hazardous wastes
Brown University, Rhode Island
social institutions, generally have been
reduction and reduced its own reliance
Group 3:
much less active source reducers than
on such wastes used by maintenance
Bowling Green Stole University, Ohio
they have been recyclers. However, 39
and janitorial staffs.
University of Moine at Orono
Additionally, numerous pollution
of 61 survey respondents did say that
CorneD University, New York
they have tak{:n campus-wide steps to
prevention
assessments of specific indusRochester Institute of Technology, New York
reduce the amount of waste that they
tries and industrial processes have been
Florida 51llte University
University of Rhode Island
generate. This holds true for small,
carried out as part of the curriculum of
mid-size, and large campuses. Most of
several institutions, including the Unithe 22 remaining campuses reported
versity of Minnesota, Colorado State
that they have attempted to reduce the amount of waste University, the Engineering Departments of the Univergenerated in some combination of campus offices, sci- sity of Cincinnati, the University of Washington, and
ence labs, dormitories, or dining halls. Usually this has
the University of Tennessee in concert with efforts by U.S.
involved substituting reusable materials for throw-away
EPA's Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory in Cincinitems: porcelain dishes and glassware for polystyrene or nati. Source reduction and recycling studies have been
paper plates and cups in dining halls, and double-sided mounted at special institutes at Queens College of City
photocopying in offices are the two most frequently University of New York (CUNY) and at SUNY Buffalo.
mentioned source-reduction strategies employed.
Additionally, six colleges or universities in Groups 2 Recycling, source reduction., and procuremellt
and 3 report Ithat they have minimized the amount of
The survey also asked respondents to report on
packaging that they are willing to accept from manufac- what they were doing to buy products that contain recyturers or middlemen.
cled content (see Table 1). The survey did not request
140
WAm AGE JUNE 1993
r..d. Contd.
information on what standard of recycled content in
products was used. Public institutions may be required by
state law or regulation to procure some products with recycled content and not others, while for private institutions, such purchases are typically voluntary.
The fact that a much higher percentage of Group 3
institutions (those with more than lO,OOO students) procure
these items is explicable insofar as many are public institutions required to conduct these purchases. Some are prolr
ably tied into state procurement machinery.
Conducting comprehensive multimaterial recycling,
engaging in source reduction on a campus-wide or systemwide basis-or at least in offices, dormitories, or dining halls,
and also engaging in a program to procure office and sanitary paper bearing recycled content, suggests some thoughtful planning and management went into a campus waste
management program (see Table 2).
The following could be said to be the basics of a good
college/university recycling program: The campus recycles
at least the basics of high-grade and low-grade paper,
glass, aluminum, and other metals; pays attention to recycling at least one hard-to-dispose substance such as batteries,
tires, white good~, or plastics: attempts to source reduce on
a campus-wide basis, or at least in campus offices, dormitories, or dining halls; and procures the two most frequently purchased recycled paper classifications. I
Author's note:
A.mong thi! institutions to whom surveys Wf'Tf' sent but never returned, are
several that have recycling, source reduction, and procurement programs, as well as curricular involvement in waste management. It
should rwt be assumed that thi! 39 institutions that failed to respond have
rw such programs. For example, Harvard t'~ity has many recycling
programs, and a great deal ofprocu.rfflllml of recycled mnterials (see Waste
Age, September 1991, p. 65); Massachusetts Institute of Technology sim·
ilarly recycles, procures recycled products, and also has teaching curric·
ula on solid waste management in thi! C'.S. However, neithRr Haroard
nor MIT responded to thi! suroey.
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