Computers Down on the Farm
An Honors Thesis
(ID 499)
by
Jacquel ine M. Reese
Thesis Director
Ball
state University
Muncie,
Indiana
February,
1986
Expected date of graduation Winter 1986
Table of Contents
In t r' odu c t i on . . . . • . . . . . . . . . • • . . • . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . • • . • . P 1
Dennis Bell
-
sma 1 1 f am i 1 y farm •.••.••••••.•.•.••••.....•.. p 3
David and Mary Howell Farms
- large, multiple entity farming operation ..... p7
Farmers Elevator Company of OaKville, Inc.
- elevator corporation .......................•• pll
Callahan Enterprises, Inc.
- seed research and production company •..•.•••• pI5
Hybr' i d Concep ts
- genetic corn research ••......•.•.•.••.••..... p21
Summar y . . . . . • . . • . • . • • • • • • • . . . • . . . . . • • • . • . • . • • . • . . . . • P 24
Cone: 1 us ion • . • . . . . • • . . . . . . . • • . • . • . . . . . . . . . . . • • • . . . . . . p25
Appendix A . • . . • . . . • . . . • • . . . • • • . . . • . . . . . . • • • . • . • . • • . . p26
Dennis Bell sample reports
Appendix 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • • . • . • . • • • • . • . . . . . . . . • • • • p41
David and Mary Howell sample reports
Appendix C .•••••••..•..•......••••••....••.•.••••..• p69
Farmers Elevator sample reports
Appendix D • • . . . . • . . . . . • . • • . . . . . . . • • • . . . . • . . . . • • • • • . . p75
Callahan Enterprises sample reports
"--r
Ii
Acknowledgements
I would
time with me
ike
to thank all
the peop 1 e who spen t
to explain how they util ize
their businesses.
compute~s
in
Their help and patience are greatly
app~eciated.
ThanKs to Dennis Bell,
Farmers
Elevator,
Ron
Bell
Ma~y
of
Howell, Sue
Callahan
C~oss
of
Enterprises,
Thomas Warfield of Hybrid Concepts and the many other
people I spoKe with during my visits.
Jacque Reese
Introduction
The American farmer has failed
genera 1 econom i c recovery of
the
to share
past
year.
in
the
Ser i ous
debt problems have plagued the agriculture industry and
have
forced
many
farm
fam i 1 i es
Even
though
the
number
of
to
farms
give
has
up
farm i ng.
shrunK
from
6
mill ion in 1933 to 2.5 mill ion today, there is evidence
that
the American
family farm
is here
to stay.
The
efficient, at least, will survive.
As technology continues to increase the abil ity of
each person
to grow food,
the number of farmers cou 1 d
to only a few hundred
~-hrinK
farmer,
considered
the
most
thousand.
The American
productive
in
the
world,
can now grow enough food to feed 80 persons or more.
One of the reasons some farmers are currently
t r ou b 1 e
With
is
few
management
t hat
the y
statistics
did
not
available
capabil ities
were
Ke e p
for
in
ade qua t ere c or ds .
decision
1 imited
and
maKing,
they
were
unable to adjust to changes in the economy.
The farmers who will survive the current financial
situation are those who are good business people.
They
are profess i ona 1 s who Keep
good records,
them
and review their progress.
They maKe their operations
ana 1 yze
efficient.
Any manufacturing company interested in turning a
pro-fit has an efficient plant and good administration.
There
is no doubt
that Amer i can
farmers are
efficient food producers in the world.
discover i ng,
as man)' other
of computers for
the most
Now farmers are
bus i nesses have,
the
va 1 ue
administrative and production control
purposes.
Scientific advancements
technology
manual
have
changed
in genetics and chemical
agriculture
from
a
mostly
labor occupation to a more technically oriented
busi ness.
Farmers are
faced wi th
a
1 arge
amount
infol'mation from which they must maKe decisions.
of
Some
are learning that computers can be extremely helpful
the decision maKing process because of
to store
and manipulate large
their
capacity
amounts of da ta.
are discovering that computers are an
in
invaluable
The)'
tool
to help them survive in a very competitive marKetplace.
In
midwestern
this
agricultural
computers to be an
The
situations
company
paper,
that
describe
businesses
five
that
different
have
found
important part of their operations.
range
from
special izes
breeding methods.
I
a
in
small
a
new
family
farm
technique
of
to
a
corn
They all have in common, though, the
bel ief that their businesses would not be as efficient
and profitable without the use of computers.
2
Dennis Bell
A Small Family Farm
The first situation I would 1 iKe to present is the
case of a small
in
acres
hundr'ed
De n n i s Be 1 1 f arms a
family farm.
corn,
He found that Keeping
soybeans, wheat, and seed corn.
manual
raising
Indiana
Brazil,
few
records of his farming operations was nearly an
impossible task because of the amount of time that was
needed
to
dec i ded
Keep
the
to purchase
records
accura te.
ami crocompu ter
In
1983,
he
to he 1 phi m with
his record Keeping.
The computer Dennis currently uses is a Tandy 2000
with 256K of memory.
an
Epson
Printer.
pacKage
called
p r ogr am
he
He has two 720K disK dr i ves and
He
uses
Mutli-Plan
has
de vel op e d
a
by
a
software
spreadsheet
Microsoft.
var i e t y
of
assist him in Keeping accurate records.
With
this
rep or t s
t hat
Following is a
summary of these reports (see Appendix A for samples of
each report).
One
of
the
most
useful
developed
is a monthly expense
the
incurred,
date
number,
the
type
expense.
of
amount,
to
whom
it
reports
worKsheet which
was
and categor i zed
Th i s
prov i des an
tracK of costs during the month.
Dennis
paid,
the
has
shows
checK
col umns for
each
easy way
Keep
to
Another report shows
a yearly summary of itemized costs with totals for each
3
category.
A
statement
was modeled after
useful
broKe·n
is
by months
each month as well
ine, and
condition
the
local
as
the
cash
and
flow
categories,
wi th
also
repol~t
theil~
useful
1 ists
reference.
the
cost
and
comp.",rison
is
types
total
acre
A
for
of
for
credi t
at
and
The
of
the
A
worKshee t
The
when
of
calculates
A
price
prices
from
different
down
the
breaKs
cash
rent
report
the
price
shows
a
totals and average rent
amortization
purchases
and
displaying
summary of cash rent acres with
calculated.
comparison
bottom
report
fer t i l i zer.
herbicide
units needed.
their
fertilizer'
field chemicals
herbicides
number
shown
herbicides
supp 1 i ers.
per
totals
is
interest are also stated.
a
various
It
Income,
in each category.
It
Another
report.
Reports for calculating prices for
is
report
banK.
the asse ts and 1 i ab i 1 i t i es.
report
down
financial
the form used at
shows. a summary of
very
of
table
new
is
equ i pmen t
a
useful
are
be i ng
comtemplated.
A
farm breaK
down
repor t
categories for various crops,
fertilizer
bot tom.
yearly
inc c.me ,
rates.
The
breaK
Fertilizer
farm
land
down
of
i n v e s tme nt,
easily
Keep
recc)rd
sheet
tracK
shows
of
4
tota 1
acres with
analysis values,
totals
costs,
ret urn
summer
vJage
soil
investment
land
an d
shows
on
are
sheet
at
for
a
taxes,
i n v e s tme n t •
a
the
presents
payments,
employees,
i nformat i on
shown
and
To
detasseling
each
worKer.
It
includes dates and hour-s wor-Ked, hour-1Y wage,
total
An analysis of cost per- acr-e
wages, and net wages.
is
also included at the bottom.
Dennis has cr-eated spr-eadsheets for- some impor-tant
financial r-epor-ts.
The pr-ofit and loss statement shows
itemized income sour-ces,
a wopKsheet for-
expense sour-ces, and
includes
A budget r-epor-t
i nventor-y adjustment.
It br-eaKs down
helps pr-oject year-ly expenses.
income
fr-om var-ious cr-ops and gives br-eaK even pr-ices,
itemized expenses and their- totals, and shows
fixed
A
costs.
r-esour-ce
detailed infor-mation about
jobs,
management
shows
itemized
r-epor-t
time allotments for-
shows
var-iou~
infor-mation about the land, employees, machiner-y,
and an analysis of equipment efficiency.
In
addition
subscr-ibes
which
he
to
these
Agr-i-Star-,
accesses
\JJith mar-Ket
to
thr-ough
advice,
Boar-d of Tr-ade.
a
r-epor-ts,
far-m
infor-mation
a modem.
weather-
Dennis
It
r-epor-ts,
ser-vice
pr-ovides
and
the
also
him
Chicago
He pays a monthly fee for- this ser-vice
plus a set amount for- each r-epor-t.
All
this infor-mation helps Dennis r-un his far-m in
a better- and mor-e efficient way.
to ,iccur-ate
and
timely
infc,r-med decisions on
equipment
pur-chases,
cr-ops
plant.
to
infor-mation,
such
numberIt
5
By having easy access
also
he
impor-tant
of
can maKe mor-e
issues as major-
employees,
pr-ovides
him
and
what
with
mor-e
information than he could possibly Keep through manual
records.
Denn i s i s happy wi th
his system and
is
always
looKing for ways to create better reports.
He hopes to
repl ace his Tandy mach i ne wi th an IBM PCjr
in the near
futur'e.
He feels
that
the computer gives him an edge
in the industry which has seen so many small farms fail
in the recent years.
6
David and Mary Howell Farms
A Large, Multiple-Entity Farming Operation
The
vegetable
Howell/s
crops
far'm
near
4,000
sunflowers,
and broccol i.
operate
as
fertil izer
Their
soybeans,
popcorn,
strawberries,
elevators
suppl iers
to
grai nand
sweet
corn,
The also own separate corporations which
grain
operations.
system
apples,
corn,
of
Indiana.
Middletown,
operation includes commercial
wheat,
acres
and
primarily
seed,
chemical,
serving
their
and
family
They have come to depend on their computer
not
onl y
Keep
the
booKs
bal anced
but
to
provide detailed records of such things as crop yields
and fertil izer and insecticide appl ied.
information
to
let
them
see
how
They use this
profitable
or
unprofitable their efforts have been.
The
Howell/s purchased
their
first
computer
in
1981 and bought a software pacKage from an Oregon farm.
After a year, they scrapped the software because it did
not fit their needs.
They then started from scratch in
writing their present computer system which tooK about
three years to complete.
in
COBOL
and runs
on
The current system is wri tten
an
NCR 8200
min i compu ter
under
IMOS (Interactive Multi-Programming Operating SYstem).
The Howell/s employ two full-time programmers who wrote
and
maintain
primary
goal
the
was
system
for
not
create
to
7
them.
a
Although
saleable
their
software
the system is
p~oduct,
C~eek
The~. .
ma~keted
Systems
Info~mational
~ecently
also have a
PCXT with a 10 megabyte
is
p~ov
i ded
sections.
equipment,
The
NCR.
ve~sion
fo~
On site
inst~uction
the
ensu~e
type
of
pay~oll
IBM
the
new
use~
~egiste~
The
the
most
ag~i-businesses.
maintain
fol"
ove~time,
a
dep~eciates
accounts
~elationships
and
well
or'
des i gned
o~
O~
fo~
o~
semi-monthly
hou~lY,
t~ansaction
keeping and
as
~epair
field,
fol"
sala~ied,
commisioned
.jou~nal,
quarte~ly
and
pay~oll
yea~ly
W-2~s.
meet
equipment
basic
depa~tments,
Equipment System (FEQS)
~ecord
and
was
bi-weeKly, monthly
~egiste~,
as well as
It
coope~atives,
p~ovides
checK
Fa~m
ledge~,
showing the
ope~ation.
with
It
gene~al
seven
System (FPRS) can handle almost
capabilities
pel"s.onne 1 •
into
~eceivable,
diag~am
co~po~ations,
with weeKly,
~egiste~,
pa~titioned
pay~oll,
Pay~oll
sala~ied/houl"ly
also
to
by
endo~sed
is included in Appendix B.
a~ea
Fa~m
paYl"oll
all
disK.
accounts
A data flow
between each
multiple
is
a~e
These
payable.
fa~lTJs
completed
pu~chase~s
system
The
g~ain,
is
of the system.
maste~y
any
to
and
ha~d
the name of Honey
unde~
~epo~ting
It
is des i gned
as
any
imp~ovement
fixed
~eco~ds
is designed to
~equi~ements
to accoun t
assets,
fo~
and
them.
the equipment on a monthly basis.
8
of
for
to
It
,-
The Grain Accounting and Inventory System (GRAIS)
is designed to provide accurate records and reports for
grain companies, elevators, cooperatives, or individual
Elevator scale ticKets specify information such
farms.
as type of storage, contracts, and from which farm and
field the grain was harvested.
The
designed
Agriculture General
to
meet
requirements
c omme I" cia l,
are
the
available
i 1,
to
ledger
financial
and
I" eta
general
Ledger System (AGLS)
an d
record
reporting
integrate
this
system
Keeping
of
fin an cia 1 use I" s .
is
most
Provisions
to
all
other
accounting systems at the magnetic media level.
The
designed
and
to
Farm
handle
to provide
work for
Accounts
the
all
accounts
necessary
any farming or
recc.rds vendors,
Payable
grain
System
payable
(FAPS)
is
transactions
reports and maintenance
operation.
prepares a cash
The
system
requ i remen ts repor t,
and posts invoices to the ledger.
The Farm Accounts Receivables and Bill ing System
(FARBS)
is
an
integrated
networK
system
designed
to
provide the facil ities to maintain a customer accounts
receivable system and produce customer bill ing invoices
for most agri-businesses.
credit
status
and
history
On-l ine inquir)' for customer
pro~Jjde
maKing daily credit decisions.
the general
ledger file
9
valuable
aids
for
Automatic: updating of
is also provided.
The
Fi el d Anal ysi s
S)'stem
production/history system which
fie 1 d expenses,
produc t i on,
and prof i t/l oss
Each field has an
the
to
IJa1uable tool
budget
is
a1 I
a
individual
costs
on
which
Product i on
grain system to each field.
be
analyzed
that
a
and
per
producer
is
a
Costs are
updated
or can
from
the
Gross sales per field may
acre/units
may
per
provides
in planning field strategies.
posted manuall y.
a
record with
automatically updated from payab1es and payroll
be
f i el d
includes evaluation of
field basis.
abil ity
(FDAS)
see
are
the
also
results
provided
of
so
different
varieties, crops, or other variations.
A few examples of some of the reports produced by
these systems are included in Appendix B.
Even with the help of the computer, the tremendous
amount
of
tasK.
Th e
record
Keeping
Howe 1 I / S
is
emp 1 oy
still
a
a
time
f u 1 1 - time
comsuming
op era t or
assists in preparing the data and entering it
computer.
system,
Although all
each
one
can
wh 0
into the
the units worK as an integrated
stand
alone
as
a
separate
subsystem.
The software system was conceived and designed by
a produc t i on farmer for
the sol e reason of
his efficiency and profitability.
pioneer
in
i ncreas i ng
The cost of being a
this software area was quite high
Howe1l/s feel
that the resul ting system
the expense.
10
~",as
but
the
well worth
Fa~me~s
Elevato~
Elevato~
An
The
elevato~
Thei~
Fa~me~s
p~ima~y
They
insecticide
also
as
fo~
a~ea
compute~
in
1977
of
saved
them
money
~eco~ds
Gene~al
mega.byte
te~minals
fi~~.t
them
sof twa~e
have
a
to
in
must:
be
and
solved
soil,
cost,
elevato~
mo~e
and
and
and
began
feed
using a
efficiently
the i
the
a
~
in
the
able
to
have
Keep
system
Mye~s,
IV.
the
11
~un,
has
complete
and
I ong
cu~~ently
th~ee
It
p~
system.
they
nte~s
the
could
find
They
then
Florida.
Since
fo~
The
the
on
is
two
35
th~ee
and
system
w~itten
all
i
~uns
uses
When
compute~
needs.
its own,
over
and,
has
fo~
Fo~t~an
no programmers of
sto~age
fe~til ize~
minicompute~.
3
to
customized
VJ~itten
g~ain
Indiana.
apply
elevato~
ope~ations,
mee t
mid-sized
finge~tips.
the
i ves
Consulatants of Ft.
is
thei~
looKing
thie~
them
being
NOVA
attached
began
in
by
that
d~
di sK
help
a
The system has saved them countless
at
The system
Data
The
pape~wo~K
manual
accu~ate
a
fa~me~s.
of accounts.
hou~s
and
is
OaKville,
is
p~ovide
as
to
in
activity
sell
well
analysis
Company
located
business
Inc.
Company
Elevato~
co~po~ation
d~ying.
t~acK
Company of OaKville,
company
to
no
assist
suitable
dec i ded
them
by
cu~~ent
elevato~
to
ADC
system
employs
maintenance and problems
phone.
This
can
be
a
~ather
inconvenient arrangement at times but the
general,
in
is pleased with the system.
The major use of
accounts,
and
elevator~
the system is to Keep
tracK of
including issuing checKs for purchased grain,
handl ing
grain
contracts.
The
grain
purchase
contract is filled out by the farmer and the elevator.
It includes the terms of the contract such as quantity,
grade,
price,
and
time
of
del ivery.
All
of
this
information is then entered into the computer from the
contract.
This
Another important form is the scale ticKet.
is the form that is completed each time a farmer brings
in grain or taKes it out.
It includes the date,
weight, grade, and discounts.
grain will
be credited,
such as if
contract
or
it will
just
go tOI)Jards
ful f i llment
All
this information is also entered into the computer.
accclunt.
a
It also states where the
the
These
of
time,
i npu ts are used to upda te each
A farmer,
at
any
time,
can
looK at his status with the elevator.
accessed
by
individual
into
farmer"s
the
name
or
grain balance 1 isting
be printed out.
i nd i v i dual
a
detai 1 ed
Accounts can be
address.
An
is generated and can
This 1 isting shows both contract and
market grain and 1 ists the scale
weight,
gross bushels,
price,
total
number
from
due,
the
get
storage.
net
and
purchase
12
ticKet number,
bushels,
current
due.
contract
date,
gross price,
The
net
agreement
is also 1 isted for-
contl"act gl"ain.
the bottom of
TicKet
the
numbel"s al"e
1 isted
1 isting by type as well
in
or-der-
at
as the amount
of payment and checK numbel" paid by.
A
final
vel"Y
impol"tant
position
I"epor-t
I"epol"t.
This
daily after- business fol"
the
elevator-/s position
Total
oats.
obl igated
total
inventor-y
gl"ain
the
fol"
for-
to
net position for-
elevatol"
is
cor-n,
This I"epor-t
get
over-all
each
usually
I"un
It
gl"ain
and
is
wheat,
and
adjusted
and
subtr-acted
the
fr-om
gr-ai n
fl"ee
1 ists
the
total.
into considel"ation and a final
allows
view
the
soybeans,
the day is 1 isted at
I"epor-t.
is
day has closed.
pl"oduce
Contl"acts al"e also taKen
the
I"epol"t
is calculated
i nventol"Y
an
for-
of
the
the bottom of
elevator- management
the
status
.;:tf
the
the
to
gl"ain
inventor-yon a daily basis.
Anothel" ser-vice pr-ovided by the elevatol"
test
I"ecommendation.
A TRS-80 Model
is used to do the anal)'sis.
fl"om
the
fal"mel" / s
fie 1 ds
analysis.
The I"esults of
in tCI
compu ter-
the
far-mel"
with
fel"til izel"s.
Soil
which
system
still
fl"om
a
scale
r-ather-
for-
ticKets
and
consuming
13
1 abol"a tol"Y
then
the
fol"
then enter-ed
pr-ovides
ap p 1 i cat i on
the
of
as the ones
in Appendix C.
entel"ing
time
a
this fOl"m as well
mentioned above ar-e available
the
to
the analysis ar-e
r-ecommendations
Although
micr-ocomputer-
samples al"e collected
and sen t
pl"ogl"am
A sample of
III
is a soil
of
infor-mation
pur-chase
tasK,
into
agr-eements
especially
the
is
dUl"ing
busy
the
automated
over
the
by
harvest
the
seasons,
the
accounts
prev i ous manua 1
elevator
purchasi ng
hopes
to
be
accuracy
is
programs to Fortran 77.
14
certainly
system.
abl e
new hardware
and
and
to
In
conven i ence
a
large
the
upgrade
convert i ng
near
the i r
the
of
benefit
future,
system
current
Callahan Enterprises,
Inc.
A Seed Research and Production Company
Callahan
Enterprises
is
a
seed
research
and
production company headquartered in Westfield,
Indiana.
The
tests
r'esearch
area
develop grains,
is
continually
conducting
such as corn, wheat,
and soybeans,
to
that
produce a greater yield and are more disease resistant.
The
company
wheat,
for
also
marKe ts
and soybeans.
the
daily
the i r
Although
booKKeeping
own
hybr i d
the computer
tasKs,
of
data
generated
br'eeders
an
in
the
invaluable
1 arge
by
the
research
tool.
amount
var i ous
area,
Without
of
the
it,
use
With
tests
corn,
is util ized
its major
storage and analysis of research data.
seed
is
the
the amount
done
computer
by
the
has become
the analysis of such a
wou 1 d
i n forma t i on
be
near 1 y
a
impo'ssible tasK.
The computer
System 34.
for
as
programmers
system
VJas
cons.ultant
to
two printers,
the
other
is
1 inKed to
terminal.
of
visits
mee t
Since
its
done
they
own,
by
an
the
with
all
to
15
forms.
system as well
company
for
consultant.
maKe
act
employs
approximately
and
IBM
they use
system and can
independent
users
is an
pr in t
programming
facilities
the
to
the
the
the
uses
one which
use
also attached
IBM PC which
,inother
mon th
and
terminals are
as an
company currently
They have
repor ts
Four
the
any
no
their
The
once
a
necesary
changes.
Problems
in
between
visits
are
usually
handled over the phone.
During each summer, various test plots are planted
across the midwest.
The first tasK is to determine the
Plots are made up of short rows planted
plot layout.
next to each other with an aisle
of rows.
Each group
of
each row,
single envelope
and labeled.
plot
rows
example map
a
a
of
layout
in between each group
is called a range.
is
of
in Appendix
seed must
An
D.
be
For
prepared
Once the number of rows and ranges for a
plot has been determined, the computer can print labels
for the envelopes.
The labels show the range, row, and
en tr){ numbers as we 11
test number.
as
An example
the
of
1 oca t i on number'
the printed
and
labels
is
the
in
Appendix D.
As the plants begin to mature over the course of
the summer,
computer
various data are
generates a
variety"'s pedigree
numbers.
collected on
field observation
1 isted
according
in
The
form with
the
range
row
and
These forms are taKen into the test plots and
used to record the plant statistics.
corn
to
them.
Appendix
D shows
spaces
A sample form for
available
to
record
population, plant and ear height, and general comments.
These forms ar'e
then brough t
bacK
to the
off ices and
this data is entered into the computer.
Once the plants are ready for harvest another form
is used "to record more
16
information.
The harvest form
generated by
and
then
range
length of
computer
since
D which
numbers
as
moisture content,
and
.:0.
section
the
harvest i ng mach i ne
1 ists test,
well
as
coded
plot,
spaces
stalK and root
for·
statistics
are
after
the harvest
is complete.
analyze
anal)'sis
the
pedi gree
each.
results.
is
basically
wi th
The
v ar i e tie s
on
collected
harvest
then run
test
report
infor'mation
and
the
1 isted at
spreadsheet
1 oca t ions
are
1 i sted
and the varieties are
all
locations
for
report
to
from
by
for
lists
the
1 o . . Jest.
I t
the
detailed
representations
averages
the bottom.
of
forms
varieties
Averages for all
analysis
the
representat ions
from highest
the
1 isted for each variety.
The
the
categories
only
test
of
1 ists
yield
with
detailed
It
by
analysis
computer
observation
summary
same
the
field
yield,
the
the page.
summary
test
test
a
a
the
the
test are
The
of
includes
top of
for
to allow the breeders
average
their
Key
into
an
by
and
weight,
the
forms.
also
the
entered
is
dropped ears,
The
These
to
the
row,
record
lodging,
is 1 isted across the
reports are
runs
range,
to
problems.
also
to row
A sample form for corn
problems category
Several
-
is arranged accordi ng
the field by rows.
in Appendix
entry
the
all
across
varieties
The final
report
in
is
experiment
locations.
the
the
top
of
repor t
1 isted for each with averages for
each
variety
17
and
all
varieties
for
each location.
Examples of each of
these reports can
be found in Appendix D.
After all
these reports have been completed,
the
company publ ishes the performance test books, one each
for corn,
soybeans,
yield results for
throughout
the
and wheat.
all
test
These books
plots
midwestern
the
states
1 i st
the
company planted
including
two
and
Al 1 the pages of the performance
three year averages.
tests are computer generated from the data entered from
the
harvest
anyone
vi
eVJ
in
forms.
the
The
seed
books
trade
are made
bus i ness
ava i 1 abl e
and a 11 ow
them
the resul ts of the company"s test plots.
to
to
A sampl
e
page from a soybean book is in Appendix D.
Research data is also collected from cooperators.
Cooperators
are
farmers
who
agree
to
plant
several
varieties in side-by-side strips and record information
abou t
them.
This
add it i ona 1 y i e 1 d
allows
the
i nforma t i on
ar'ound the midwest.
compan>'
from
to
numerous
receive
1 oca t ions
The researchers have more data on
how specific varieties perform under a wide variety of
conditions.
The cooperators fill
out
and send forms
company at planting and at harvest.
to
the
The information is
entered into the computer after harvest and is compiled
into regional yield bulletins.
yield
results
regi on of
for
all
the
the mi dwest.
These booklets 1 ist the
cooperators
in
a
They are di str i buted
18
specific
to
seed
deale!l"'s
and
results
with
sample
far-mers
page
to
farmers
from
the
help
in
them
their
corn
compare
their
geographic
section
of
a
yield
area.
booKlet
A
is
in
Appendix D.
From
all
over
the
the
company
the
years,
stat i st i cs
from
both
has
program.
Ma tchmaKer
was
Infor-mation
en ter'ed
gener'a ted
from
into
requirements
is
The
company
a farmer
can
report.
Even
a
very
acre
taKes
the
the
long period
receiving
a
very
farmers.
Examp 1 es
of
the
called
an
IBM
the
a
field.
at
PC.
farmer
report
is
is
and
seed
Optional
cost
bottom
bushel
of
of
the
estimated
as a marKeting
program
less
own
has
forms
been
company
from
and
seed
or
recommendation
not
the
response
any
tool.
fifteen minutes
varietal
time,
the
to
than
program
of
good
is
on
by
varietal
recommended
to use
their
though
coopera tors,
is distributed to any dealer
that within
receive
gathered
a
then
and per
computer
also
farming shows so
for
var i e ty
The program
VJith a compatible
and
included
costs per
yield levels.
out
specified
also
and
run
filled
the
been
program
to
computer
the
plots
The
form
shows
for-
information
report with
a
have
developed
wr i t ten
the
tha t
test
recently
recommendation
and
that
in
use
has
been
dealers
and
repor ts
are
in
Appendix D.
As has- been shown
Enterprises
util izes
in
the
19
the previous pages,
computer
for
many
Callahan
tasKs.
Besi des
the
nor·mal
bookkeep i ng
accounts
and
payroll,
the
tool
the
research
area.
the
d.ata
for
storage
but
information
analyzed
assists
them
by
the
to
near
the
of growth
is
used
future,
a
it
a
in
compiling
wi 11
be
larger computer
i nval uabl e
not
the
mass
SCI
system due
to
and
allowed the
new marketing
for
use
tool.
the
the
they have experienced in recent years.
20
of
i t can be easily
widespread
necessary
only
amounts of plant
computers has al
powerful
customer
for
large
The
as
an
of
breeders.
develop
to purchase
It
is
into useable forms so that
porta.bl i 1 i ty of personal
company
such
computer
and organization
also
tasks
In
company
amount
Hybrid Concepts
A Genetic Corn Research Company
Hybrid Concepts, located in Illinois,
company
founded
special izes
in
by
a
Thomas
new
technique
These methods use
methods.
allol,l..l
the
plant
so
ana 1 ys is
that
of
Warfield.
is a unique
The
of
company
corn
breeding
the compu ter as a tool
various
a characteristic
yield
components
yield potential
to
of
a
for
a
hybrid may be determined.
Mr. Warfield first began collecting data for
program
in
1965,
well
before
computers
available for personal
use.
be a way to determine
the yield potential
had
his
become
He felt that there had to
of a hybrid
using only the data taKen from the inbred parent 1 ines.
In
1978,
Model
I
he
and
TRS-80 Model
purchased
then
the aid of
and
easily
the
himself
in
and
years
the
computer,
1 ater
he
a
TRS-80
purchased
computer, he was able
analyze
years
use
a
of
BASIC.
correctly select
time
few
first
a
III on which his current system now runs.
With
through
a
his
reject
of
few
He
collected
simple
the best hybrids at
60%
plant
programs
developed
approximately
to quicKly
a
he
data
wrote
technique
to
least 80% of
the
of
the
possible
hybrid combinations not worth further consideroation.
Mr. Warfield sells his service to foundation and
comrTieroc i a 1
seed
companies.
21
About
10
companies
participated in
the
of
service
the program
to be
in
1984,
marKeted.
the first year for
Approximateb'
thoses companies were satisfied with
The
company
participation
in
the
Hybr-id Concepts
1 ine.
Hybrid
has
three
In
is provided with
grows
the
the
originating
an
and
a
detailed
i nbre·d
plan~
the
1 i n e ~~
ear
1 i nes
analysis
entered
t aK e
samples
similar
provided
in
originating
an d
Concepts
is
the
to
then
to
originating
the
fie 1 d
first
company
not e s •
for
the
data
plan.
In
grows
each
inbr-ed
taKes
field
information.
evaluation
the
to
Hybr i d
evaluation report
Concep ts
report
on
all
the
second
grow
the
inbred
wi 1 1
the n
anal)'sis.
and returns
se n d
Hybrid
a
report
the
third
plan,
The
inbred
1 ines,
taKes
the
field notes and processes the ear samples.
sen t
The
In
Th e y
Concepts
processes
plan,
for
program.
IIJi11
for
first
recommendation
company
Hybrid
the
and
95%
plans
1 ines,
notes, ear data and processes all
company
the
seed
to
the results.
different
program.
Concepts
90%
for
All
process i ng
data is
and
an
is returned to the originator.
The Hybrid Concepts technique can greatly increase
the
efficiency
of
a
corn
increases the success rate
hybr- i d
and
plants
and
provides
at
the
1 ines
the
corn
same
that
his research.
22
program.
It
in finding a better yielding
time
must
breeder
breeding
be
with
reduces
the
searched
to
a
cer-tain
number
do
so.
direction
of
It
in
Without
type
of
of
evaluated
Hybr-id
plant
wide 1 y
in
Concepts
savings
in
his
Cur-r-1:ontly,
for
is
must
be
i t
field
The
be
the
p r- om i se s
in
is
technology,
analyzed
the
near-
rather
testing
of
be
an
aid
is
not
i mpor tan t
futur-e.
expensive
hybrids
and
the
technique
to
this
massive
managed without
Although
The
but
is
the
sever-al
the program.
Warfield will
he
impossible.
that
service
less
software
be
breedi ng
times the cost of
Mr.
computer-
not
use d ,
corn
the
data
could
computer-.
p r- e se n t 1 y
of
would
simply
the
el ement
use
r-esear-ch
amounts
of
the
possibly
marketing
still
in
in
the
his program and any details of
to be a closelY guar-ded secr-et.
23
pr-epar-e
the
next
process
it
and
of
the
a
version
of
few
year-so
fine
tuning
reports seem
Summary
The
display
s i tua t ions
the
involved
variety
in
uncertain
I
have
of
ways
agriculture
and
presen ted
in
difficult
in
computers
recent
times
have
for
the
paper
become
In
years.
comupter has helped him in various ways.
Keep tracK of his financial
th i s
these
farmer,
the
He can easily
records to help him better
determine the most profitable ways to manage his farm.
He
can
analyze
so
perscmne 1
elevators,
1iY
that
efficiency
he
Through
business.
eaSi
the
it
can
accessable
payments
when
records
fertil izers
the
equipment
a
run
more
and
economical
computer~s
use
at
the
with
accurate,
of
farmer
his
r·equested.
for
fields.
the
provide
r' e c omme n da t i on s
help
can
of
account
So i 1
the
best
farmer
get
and
grain
prompt
analysis
and
comb ina t i on s
the
most
of
from
his
Through the use of computers in seed research,
farmers are provided with higher yielding crops so they
can produce more
from their
land.
They also receive
guidance in choosing the best hybrids to plant in their
fie 1 ds.
help
it
though
I,IJays
Seed
research
is a 1 so
become more efficient
computers can
there are st ill
aided by
and
compu ter
less costly.
greatly assist
farmers
in
Even
these
uncon troll abl e var i abl es such
weather and marKet prices for crops.
24
to
as
Conclusions
Today/ s
survive
in
farmer must
the
be
a shrewd bus i nessman
By
industry.
taking
advantage
to
of
available computer technology, he can help himself run
a
more
business.
efficient
and
hopefully
more
profitable
Unl ike a few years ago, farmers must operate
in a very competitive marketplace and are faced with a
large amount of
decisions.
allm~
that
The
information from which
capabilities
of
they must make
computer
technology
them to organize and evaluate this information so
they can make
informed decisions.
Those who do
not accept these advantages may find themselves in the
growing number of failed farms.
25
APPENDIX A
Dennis Bell Sample Reports
~~
_.
_
...
_~
___
.....
....
__
.....
•
_
...
_
_
__
_
...
_
_
DIRT UNLIIIITED
__
~
.....
19B5
_ _•
,_
_
_
._
4
....
_
• _
•
~_
_
_
_
• _
_
_
_ _. . .
_
__0
BUDSET
------------ --------------------------------------------------------------------------
ACRES
CORN ACRES=
630
BEAN ACRES=
497
WHEAT ACRES=
0
SEED CORN 1=
140
0
SEED CORN 2=
CONSERVATION
68
SHARE INCOI'IE
TOTAL ACRES= 1335
1/3-2/3 ACRES
50150 ACRES
310
CORN
EXPENSE
YIELD
1.25
40
50
0
:'0
9800
0
65549.55
55
107
CORN
0
150
S/ACRE TOTAL
-------
REPAIRS
21
LABOR
26
FUEL
14
19
SEED
HERBICIDES
12.5
1
INSECTICIDES
,-FERTILIZER
65
JRYIN6
15
OPER INTEREST 23
------
-------
13230
16380
BB20
11970
7875
4410
40950
9450
14490
-------
VAR. COSTS
202.5 121575
TOTAL COSTS
321. BII
FIXED COSTS
--------- -------MISC
UTILITIES
iAXES
LICENSE
INSURANCE
CASH RENT
J LAND CONTRAC
P 160
MUTUAL FED
LAND BANK
OTHER
NEW HOLLAND
peA
FLB
DEPRECIATION
3300
5500
8000
1000
3100
49280
8400
5000
26000
1896
0
1600
6012
22000
34110
BUSHELS
69375
16880
BEAN
SEED
0
0
150
0
SOYBEANS
-------S/ACRE
IB
21
12
14
22
3
10
17
------8946
10437
5964
6958
10934
1491
4970
0
8449
------- ------- -------
INT
2062
4500
14B2
11B2
0
5138
500
24518
714
0
1000
1736
20250
600
TOTAL
--------------TOTAL FIXED
PER/ACRE
r- TOTAL NET
'ER/ACRE
141088 16452
105.6B4
159346
119.36
NET PROFIT
BREAKEVEN
PRICE
2.57
5.91
4.45
11.29
14.37
TOTAL
COSTS
25676
44311
17584
2732B
20SS9
6881
55720
53550
28083
117
58149
0
671
103
93914 279698
236.30
222.30
790.60
A"ORTIZATION
INT
YEARS PAY"ENT
PAY"ENT
1117000
0.13
35
22015
PRINC
4276
1750
PRICE
2.55
6.5
3.5
12
15
0.4B
CASH-FLOII
BREAKEVEN
------ -------TOTAL PROF/ACR PRICE YIELD
-3
2.47 120.86
176906
24
109720
5.57
34.26
-47
0
4.17
59.62
117600
49
11.10 64.74
34
0
14.13 51. 80
31463.8 38
12562.5
SROSS INCOIIE 448253
CASH INCOIIE 27466.6
NET
PROFIT 920B.58
WHEAT
seED CORN
-------- ----- --------------S/ACRE TOTAL S/ACRE TOTAL
------- ------9
0
25
3500
15
0
125
17500
9
0
20
2800
. 16
0
60
8400
0
0
12.5
1750
0
0
7
9BO
45
0
70
9800
0
0
315
44100
9
0
31
5143.95
54456
27
YIELD
126.22
36.36
63.53
65.8B
52.71
r
PROFIT AND LOSS STATEMEMEHT
DIRT UNLIMITED
---------------------------------------------ll9/85
119186
----------
----------
CATTLE
BASIS CONTRACT
OLD CORN& BEANS
OLD SEED CORN
WHEAT
NEW CORN
NEil BEANS
SEED CORN
ASCS SEALING PROCEEDS
Ases DEFICIENCY
MISC&UNCLE BYRON
57000
4412
73675
94413
0
68549
27000
22105
---------TOTAL CASH FARM INCOME
LESS RESALE PURCHASES
LESS BREEDING PURCHASES
LIVESTOCK INVENTORY CHANGE
CROP &FEED INV CHANGE
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE CHANGE
lmc
LIVESTOCK CROP/FEED RECIEVABLES PREPAID EXP PAYABLES
--------- --------- --------- --------- --------ENDING INVENTORY
44756
78333
10800
25946
3605
2640
12000
22200
23215
30000
17000
NET
ADJUSTMENT
-3605
42116
66333
-U400
2731
---------
-3605
42116
66333
0
-40976
-5576
----------PROJECTED-------------
451998
---------
ENDING INVENTORY
--------- --------- --------- --------- --------0
0
72757
10800
15000
LESS:
BEGINNING
INVENTORY
0
40976
78333
10800
25946
NET
ADJUSTI'!ENT
0
-40976
-5576
0
-10946
4i0834
37400
31200
72682
62369
0
31280
55424
26440
42205
25280
89794
49280
16540
8505
9380
1234
17700
12000
2039
16500
8500
.9380
1000
16920
9600
2300
384193
11200
2731
38798
LIVESTOCK CROP/FEED RECEIVABLES PREPAID EXP PAYABlES
24840
54350
27835
---------377784
-10946
39000
--------
r-'rOTAL FARM OPER EXPENSE
NET FARM EARNINGS
PLUS'NON FARM INCOME
LESS FAMILY LIVING/INC TAX
NET EARNINGS
0
LESS:
BEGINNING
INVENTORY
457386
---------TOTAL CASH FARI'! OPERATING
PREPAID EXPENSE CHANGE
ACCOUNTS PAYABLE CHANGE
MACH ~ EQUIP DEPRECIATION
BUILDIN6 &EQUIP DEPR
WORKSHEET
--------- ACTUAL ------------
187945
112320
0
347154
--------
_ VALUE OF FARM PRODUCTION
r
:ARM OPERATING EXPENSE
LABOR
REPAIRS
INTEREST
RENT
FEED
SEED AND PLANTS
FERTILIZER AND LIME
SPRAY AND CHEMICALS
CUSTOI'! HIRE
SUPPLIES
BREEDIN6
GAS-OIL-FUEL
TAXES
INSURANCE-UTIL-LICENSE
MARKETIN6
SEED PROCESSING
DRYING
45000
10725
37563
61833
----------------
436922
15076
405838
15076
4996
4996
28
DECE"BER EXPENSES
DATE
TO WHO" PAID
CHECK
NO. A"OUNT
LABOR
REPAIRS
SEED
WORK
UTILITY
FUEL
RENT
SEED
FERT
HERB
TAXES
0
0
0
0
-------------FRANCIS SPENCER
PAUL CORNWELL
DORIS RAY
AL "ORLAN
GLEN PELL
LENA HILL
..,J
RON PELL
..,c::
BUREAU OF VEHICLES
6
BRAZIL AUTOMOTIVE
10
WILSON GRAIN
10
!LLIANA
10
BURKE
11
PELLS
14
DENNY BELL
- 17
DENNY BELL
17
HOOD HYDRAULIC
'RON PELL
18
18
RON PELL
18 BRAZIL AUTOKOTIVE
20
RON PELL
20
SHAFFERS
20
BEDWELL
20
LAMSON WELDING
20
CLAY TELEPHONE
20
PARKE CO REliC
OTTO'S
20
DENNY BELL
20
20 BRAZIL FIRST BANK
20
STEARLEY
11-13 PARKE CO REKC
27
DENNY BELL
27
RON PELL
peA
27
28
HARGER FAR"S
29
KERRY BELl.
31
GIRTON IKPL
31
FLOYD PECK
2383
2384
2385
2386
2387
2390
2391
2392
2393
2398
2399
2400
1752
1753
1754
2394
2395
1756
1757
1751
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
2367
1769
1767
1768
1770
1771
1772
1773
1330
840
1000
800
4180
4378.25
20
25.75
13.76
1010.11
100
15.7
18.53
250
150
22.92
20
150
105.57
300
45.79
160.75
83
108.31
329.65
5226.96
120
211.01
1000
411.09
200
130
65000
17795.08
79.95
78.62
62.71
105773.5
105773.5
1330
840
1000
800
4180
4378.25
20
13.76
1010.11
100
15.7
18.53
250
150
22.92
20
150
105.57
300
45.79
160.75
83
108.31
329.65
5226.96
120
1000
411.09
200
130
79.95
78.62
62.71
1340
2654.75
0
------- ------991.71 5226.96 125~8.25
RESOURCE I'IANAGEI'IENT ANALYSIS
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------TABLE
SPRING AND SU""ER FIELD TII'IE AVAIL!BILITY
FAR" INFORI'IATION
OUR
PLAN
------------------ ---------------------------------YOUR PLAN OPTI!'IU!'I
CORN BEANS
GOOD WEEK HOURS PER TOTAL
HOURS
ACRES 800
333
NET PROFIT
DAYS
DAY
YIELD 120
35
CORN ACRES BOO
LAND PREPARATION
PRICE 3
9.00
41. 00
7
BEAN ACRES 333
!1AR 15-APR 4 4.90
VAR COSTS
9.00
5B.OO
ACRES RENTED IN
APR 5-APR 25 b.50
PER ACRE 174
ACRES RENTED OUT
PLANTIN6 ~ LAND PREPARATION
115
25.00
IJALUE OF AN EXTRA HOUR OF
APR 26-!'IAY 2 2.10
12.00
OWNED ACRES 460
MAY 3-!'IAY 9 2.10
25.00
LABOR TILLAGE PLANTING HARVEST
12.00
FIXED COSTS
MAY 10-I'IAY 16 2.70
12.00
32.00
PER ACRE 232
------ ------ ------- ------MAY 17-!'IAY 23 2.70
32.00
RENTED ACRES 725
!'IAR -APR 4
12.00
~AY 24-HAV 30 3.30
12.00
40.00
AVG RENT 8B
APR APR 25
40.00 RENTABLE ACRES
APR -I'IAY 2
~AY 31-JUNE 6 3.30
12.00
RENT/ACRE 90
12.00
40.00
I'IAY !'lAY 9
JUNE7-JUNEI3 3.30
POST PLANT
SALARIES 26000
I'IAY -I'IAY 16
I'IAY 31-JUNE 6 3.30
40.00 FULL TII'IE HELP 2
!'lAY -I'IAY 23
12.00
PART -TII'IE
I1AY -I'IAY 30
JUNE7-JUNE13 3.30
12.00
40.00
WA6E/HR 5.00
JUNE14-JUNE20 3.30
12.00
40.00
I'IAY -JUNE 6
NUI'IBER OF
FAll FIELD TIME
JUHE-JUH 13
10.00
70.00
TRACTORS 3
JUNE-JUN20
SEPT 13-SEPT26 7.00
SEPT 27 -DCT17 10.90
AVG SOIL
SEPT-SEPT 26
10.00 109.00
OCT IS-NOV 7 10.20
10.00 102.00
DRAINAGE
1
SEPT-OCT 17
99.00 RATE 1-5,I=WELL,5=POOR
NOV 8-NOV 2B 9.90
10.00
OCT -NOV 7
NOV 29-DEC IS 5.00
10.00
50.00
WORK SUNDAYS
NOV -NOV 28
I=YES,2=NO 2
NOV2-DEC IB
FAll
WIDTH OF SPEED OF FIELD
LAND PREPARATION MACHINE OPERATION EFFICIENCY
DISK CHISEL
FIELD
CAPACITY
NUI'IBER OF TRIPS NUIIBER !'IAN
FOR EACH CROP
OF
PER
CORN BEANS UNITS FIELD HOUR
----------------------------------10.50
0.80
5.50
5.00
1.02
0.00
0.00
0.00
SPRING LAND PREPARATION
DISKftANHYDROUS 20.00
DlSK
20.00
5.00
0.00
0.70
O.SO
8.48
1.15
1.02
11.b4
0.00
0.00
PLANTING PREPARATION
FIELD CULTIVATE 21.00
PLANT
30.00
POST -PLANTINS
CULTIVATE
15.00
COIIBINE CAPACITY
15.00
CORN
BEArlS
15.00
5.50
5.00
0.75
0.69
10.50
12.55
0.00
0.00
0.00
4. ~O
0.80
5.82
0.00
0.00
3.50
4.00
0.b6
0.66
4.20
4.80
0.00
0.00
1.10
1.10
2
1.04
3
~o
2.20
2.20
-- ---.. -----..
ACRES
300
0
470
460
0
-
110
110
CORN ACRES 770
lJUNIT
BICEP 16.99
LASSO-ATTRI3.00
SUTAZINE 13.85
ATTREX 7.55
GENERIC &.95
NINE-O 1. 76
AHREX BOW 1. 43
SEN BOW 1.34
BLAIlEX 4L 16.32
BLADE! BOil :.70
LASSO 18.70
DUAL 42.95
SENATE PLU17.90
SUTAN 18.58
LORSBAN 1• __?",,"
COUNTER 1.32
PARAIWAT
ROUNIlUP
BANVEL
2-4D
40.34
70.50
47.86
9.25
~I
HERBICIIlES
-----------UNIAC 1/ACRE TOTAL
0.75 12.74 3822.8
0.88 11.38
0
0.8B 12.12 5695.8
0.33 2.51
0
0.33 2.29
0
1.55 2.73
0
1.75 2.50
0
1.75 2.35
0
0.33 5.39
0
1. 75 6.48
0
0.50 9.35
0
0.25 10.74
0
0.50 B.95
0
0.50 9.29
0
8.00 9.76 4489.6
0.00
0
0.13
0.13
0.06
0.06
BEAN ACRES
UNITS
225
LASSO
DUAL
0
411. 25 TREFLAN
(I
SONOlAN
LEXONE
0
BAS AS RAN
0
500
1lUNIT
17.98
42.49
22.51
20.65
16.14
73.12
$fACRE
8.99
10.62
5.b3
7.74
B.07
b.09
ACRES
TOTAL
UNITS
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
400.00 3097.50 150.00
440.00 3550.80 220.00
250.00 1523.33 20.83
--------
0
0
0
Bl72 SOYBEAN CO
16.34 COST/ACRE
0
0
0
0
0
3680
0
5.04
0
0
8.81
0
0
2.99 329.04 6.875
0.56 61.05 6.6
1400B
COST/ACRE IB.19
UNIT IACR
0.50
0.25
0.25
0.38
0.50
0.08
221BO TOTAL COSTS
KINCAID KOVA
IND CROPCAR JEFF
2.5'5 16.99 17.4B 16.99
BICEP
16.77
LAS50-ATRA 2.5'5 13.9B 14.10 14.08
13
SUTAZINE 2.5'5 14.70
14.5 13.85
14.32
EHRAZINE
BLADEX
16.32 16.37 16.48
ATTREX
7.55
7.6
7.40
SENERIC
6.95
6.73
NINE-O
1.76
1.67
1.62
SUTAN
18.58
SENATE PlU
17.90
18
LASSO
18.70
IB.92 18.28· IB.34
DUAL
42.95
44.47
43.46
SONOLAN
20.65 20.97 20.42
19.90
TREFLAN
22.51
26.26
22.01
LEX ONE
16.14 Ib.93 16.44
16.05
BASASRAN
73.12
74.48
72.49
LOR5BAN
1.21 1.23 1.25
COUNTER
1.30 1.28 1.37
PARAQUAT
40.34
40.61
ROUNDUP
70.50
BRONCO
24.79
BANVEL
47.86
45.12
2-40
9.25
7.77
BROOT
FURADAN
31
~
.
•
FERTILIZER
POUNDS
0
200
175
200
130
65
N
6
0
18
28
B2
10
ANALYSIS
P
18
0
46
0
0
34
K
b
60
0
0
0
0
tlTON
PRICEJACRE
14B.5
115.9
222.3
104
222
192
0.00
11.59
19.45
10.40
14.43
0.00
4.00
APPLICATION/ACRE
---------59.87
LBS/ACRE LBS/ACRE LBS/ACRE
200.6
102.6
120
32
NAI'IE
HILL
SPENCER
CORNWALL
PELL
KROUT
I'IORLAN
REINOEHL
BROWN
ACRES
110
40
24
76
,..,
..II..
18
200
50
550
CASH RENT
PRICE SPRINS RENT FALL RENT
30
70
70
110
100
80
80
100
4400
1400
840
4180
1600
720
TOTAL
4400
1400
840
4180
1600
720
0
2500
2500
8800
2800
1680
8360
3200
1440
16000
5000
15640
31640
47280
AV6 RENT
85.96
IbOOO
33
AI'IORTIZATIOH
-----------------------------------------------------------------------AI'IOUHT
IHTEREST
YEARS
PAYI'IEHT
----------------------------12000.00
1
2
~
"
4
5
b
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
0.010
36.00
398.57
BALANCE
INT RATE
PAYI'IENT
INTEREST
----------
----------
PRINCIPAL
----------
----------
----------
12000.00
11721.43
11440.07
11155.90
10868.89
10579.00
10286.22
9990.51
9691. 85
9390.19
9085.52
8777.81
8467.01
8153.11
7836.07
7515.86
7192.45
6865.80
6535.89
6202.67
5866.13
5526.22
5182.91
4836.17
4485.96
4132.24
3774.99
3414.17
3049.74
2681. 67
2309.91
1934.44
1555.21
1172.19
785.34
394.63
0.00
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
0.010
120.00
117.21
114.40
111. 56
108.69
105.79
102.86
99.91
96.92
93.90
90.86
87.78
84.67
81.53
78.36
75.16
71.92
68.66
65.36
b2.03
58.66
55.26
51.83
48.36
44.86
41.32
37.75
34.14
30.50
26.82
23.10
19.34
15.55
11. 72
7.85
3.95
0.00
278.57
281. 36
284.17
287.01
289.88
292.78
295.71
298.67
301. 65
304.67
307.72
310.79
313.90
317.04
320.21
323.41
326.65
329.91
333.21
336.54
339.91
343.31
346.74
350.21
353.71
357.25
360.82
364.43
368.07
371.76
375.47
379.23
383.02
386.85
390.72
394.63
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
398.57
34
C BASE SEED C CORN
315.6 140 113
lWH
25
90
o
2S5
3PELL
50
22
4CRAFTAN
o 25
41
5CHARLIE
REINHOEL
90.9
o
6SB
o 23
711P
o 20
8EH
o
I1NS
o 23
10H
o
FAR~
FIELD
BELL
11 Alii
11.ST
129
13SF
SPENCER
12
10
BEANS WHEAT CONS TOTAL
175
o 456
25
0
o
o
90
180
18
28
118
67
92
o 41
o o o 201
o
23
o
20
30
30
o
23
45
45
B
8
12
24
10
IB
o
CORNWAlL
35.2
22.1
15C
KROUT
16K
I'IORLAN
90
90
90
90
100
7904
1405
2108
0
1579
200
7040
2.S 24.S
o 0
3.3 33
b.2 6.2
40
16
14
201'1
110L 6.9
70
132
2908
o
120
200
4400
221'1
2001'1 6.1
70
132
3926
o
90
150
4455
201'1
201'1
20ft
155ft 6.7
140L b.7
1501'1 6.2
70
70
70
132
132
132
5287
2115
o 90
0
90
1850 90
150
150
150
6000
2400
2100
10Vl 110l 6.4
70
132
1190
o
120
200
1800
6.2
90
176
6605
1932 120
200
9720
180ft 6.4
164ft S.6
90
90
176
11417
176
o
o 90
5270 90
150
150
9750
4500
90
176
31b2
o
150
2700
125
125
12S
125
125
125
252
252
252
252
150
12S
o
o
o
o
o
o
242
242
242
242
150
150
o
o
29.7
0
40
16
0
9
4.7
48.6
10.4 10.4
6S
o
4.7
11
o
o
o
30
18
o
o
40
52
S2
72
3
o
4600
4667
bOOO
3450
4500
1600
5600
2000
1867
120
?
8VL
14l
?
?
?
59H
281'1
38H
SOH
51VH
13VH
800VH
b70VH
520VH
320VH
300H
4S0VH
5.8
b.4
6.4
6.9
6.3
S.2
768.5
768.5
768.5
768.5
768.5
TONS
19.76
64.79
91.53
26.9
76.85
49.95
5~ITH
30AH
31SRR
32ERR
33EH
34WH
35AI'IP
o
200
233
200
150
100
200
233
200
233
o
o
6S
o
5270
3040
0
0
210B
1757
120
140
120
90
60
120
140
120
140
4653
22
37.6
295
0
132
176
176
176
176
197
o
o
132
93
22BH
23CL
176
70
3040
3513
70
11
211'1
1·32
176
1l0L 6.9
o
o
3B.l
HILL
70
90
90
221'1
o
14
20H
150L 6.2
140L 7
70VL 6.4
2001'1 b.2
200~ b.2
130L 6.4
1601'1 6.1
92L 6.7
144L 6.5
3.9 39.1
o
BROWN
2BI'I
14l
10VL
301'1
10VL
12L
12L
12L
IOVL
K 0-0-60 TOTAL
60
100
2500
60
100
IBOOO
120 200
16000
90
150
3750
120 200
8200
0
55.6
17NH
IBEH
19l1H
P
70
70
90
90
90
10
33
6 PELL
FERTILIIZER RATTES
P20S 18-46-0 0-44-0
132
3304
0
132
11896
0
176
12647 1405
176
4391
0
176
7202
0
PH
6.5
6.5
6.b
b.2
7
8
3S.2
14S
FERTILITY
P
K
261'1 230H
40H 230H
54H 1601'1
20L 200~
201'1 140L
0
72
13
18
140 628.5 497
o
69
1334
145
145
13090
145
18125
145
1950 10800 145
2250
o 145
129574 39523
35
90
155 0-44-0 3063
222 18-46-0 14383
116
K 10617
189 STARTER 5084
104
N 7992
222
281 11089
52229
12584
17424
12750
2700
183056
400000
400 ACRES COST
TILLABLE ACRES
250
30 ! DOWN PAY~ENT 120000
AI10UNT FINANCED
280000
AI10RTIZED PAY~ENT
35161.18
PROP. TAXES PER YEAR
1750
INTEREST FIRST YEAR
30800
INCOI'IE PER YEAR
31250
TAl LOSS FIRST YEAR
1300
YEARLY NET CAPITAL
INVESTI'IENT
5271.1783
RETURN ON INVESTI1ENT
WITH NO INFLATION
0.074725
0.11 INTEREST
125 $/ACRE LAND RENT
390 LESS TAXES
36
20 YEARS
LISA ALBRISHT
TODD ALLEN
TROY ALLEN
MISSY ARCHER
TOBY ARCHER
ROB CARTER
CATHY COLLINS
BRAD CRAMER
DENNY FARKAS
TIM FARKAS
BRIAr. FOOKES
JOE FOOKES
STEVE FRYE
ASNES 6URCHIEK
TOI'I 6UfiCHIEK
BRIAN H~t1ILTON
LORIE HAI'IILTON
TONY HORSLEY
6IB LANHAI'I
DAWN LEWICKI
ROB LITl
--'OE ~ACCARONE
1984 DETASSELIN6
DATES
SOC. SEC. NO.
ADDRESS
7-24 7-25 7-26 7-27 7-28 7-31 8-2
313-88-3530
RR 17 BOX 441C
RR 14 BOX 1126
RR 14 BOX 1126
104 W. KRUlAN
104 W. KRUlAK
275 NMURPHY AVE
5.5
0.5
6.5
5.5
5.5
0.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
5.5
8.5
5.5
a.s
8.5
8.5
7
7
7
7
7
RR
512
512
275
275
6.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
8.5
8.5
8.5
8.5
7
5.5
5.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
3
3
3.5
3.5
4.5
5.5
5.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
310-92-6491
308-86-7459
317-84-7730
325-62-0502
13 BOX 307
RINSO DRIVE
RINSO DRIVE
263-69-8337
N. VANDALIA
263-69-9279
N. VANDALIA
349-58-8252
RRl CARBON
315-74-3519
RR13 BOX 303
316-38-9198
RR13 BOX 303
305-86-0368
309 E RIDSE
305-86-0367
309 E RIDGE
317-88-0044
RR 13 BOX 380
303-78-0158
RR 11 BOX 227
317-84-0377
RR 15 BOX 250
306-72-1080
216 WRIDSE ST
222-50-3178 RR 1 BOX 75-B CARBON
~IKE ~ACCARONE 311-92-7308 RR 1 BOX 75-B CARBON
JIM MCMAHON
541-80-0510
RR 13 BOX 344A
STEVE MCHARGUE 451-33-1530 RR 1 BOX 177 CARBON
CHAD ~EEKS
315-86-2150
RR 13 BOX 342
JANICE MOSTELLER 311-54-3390
RR 13 BOX 180
RICK MUSTARD 304-68-1284
1312 WILLOW DR
wAYNE ?ELL
CHERYL PICKETT 306-64-7655
1312 WILLOW OR
MITCH QUICK
316-66-5915 601 WCENT APT F4
PETER RAINWATER
MIKE REEVES
310-76-3048
RR 13 BOX 206
JAYNE REINOEHL 303-82-0040
RR 13 BOX 333
JOEL REINOEHL 306-60-6017
RR 13 BOX 164
CINDY SI!!MONS 310-90-8056
RR 13 BOX 316
JAN STEVENSON 304-74-0947
RR 13 BOX 479
DANNY SWIM
RR 13 BOX 223
SHANNON THOMAS
RR 11 BOX 116
MARK TRUSTY
315-84-4799
RR 13 BOX 315
LENNY WHEELER 316-74-7452
RR 1 CARBON
LYN WHEELER
303-76-0749
RR11 BOX 227
CLAUDE WRISHT 316-30-6215
T
8.5
8.5
8.5
7
7
7
7
7
6.5
3.5
7.5
7.5
7.5
8
8
7
8.5
8.5
8
8
8
8
7
8
7
8.5
5
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
4.5
4.5
8.5
5
5
8.5
8.5
8.5
0
8.5
7
5
7
7
7
7
7
8.5
8.5
7
7
7
5
8.5
5
7
8.5
7
7
7
7
7
7
5
7
9
8.5
8.5
8.5
8
8.5
8.5
8.5
5
3
3.5
3.5
3.5
6.5
5.5
6.5
3.5
3.5
3.5
2.5
5.5
5.5
3.5
3.5
3
8
8.5
7
8
7.5
7.5
7.5
8.5
8.5
8.5
8.5
4.5
7.5
7.5
8.5
8.5
8.5
7
7
8.5
7
7
8
3.5
5.75
7
8
3.5
8
4.4
7
7
7
55
49.5
56.5
55
55.5
12
5
8
56.5
31.5
31.5
40
31.5
8
39
8
37
8
45.5
4.5
4.5
8
13
8
33
32
25
39
8
8
39
B 21.5
8
56.5
8
33.S
3
8
35
19
8
34.5
8
23.5
8
45.5
8
56.5
8
55
8
53
8
21.5
2
35
o
25
8
46
8
11.5
8 39.75
23
4.4
7
5
5
8.5
9.5
8.5
8.5
8.5
8.5
8.5
B-3 TOTAL $iHR
SRAND 1434
3.7
4
4
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
4
3.7
3.7
4
4
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
4
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
4
4
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
4
4
4
4
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
3.7
WASES
AFTER TAX
203.5
198
226
203.5
205.35
44.4
18.5
226
116.55
116.55
160
126
144.3
136.9
168.35
16.65
16.65
48.1
132
118.4
92.5
144.3
144.3
79.55
226
134
11.1
129.5
70.3
127.65
86.95
182
226
220
212
79.55
129.5
92.5
170.2
42.55
147.075
85.1
16.28
189.8655
184.734
210.858
189.8655
191. 59155
41. 4252
17.2605
210.858
108.14115
10a.74115
149.28
117.558
134.6319
127.7277
157.07055
15.53445
15.53445
44.8773
123.156
110.4672
86.3025
134.6319
134.6319
74.22015
210.858
125.022
10.3563
120.8235
65.5999
119.09745
91.12435
169.806
210.858
205.26
197.796
74.22015
120.8235
86.3025
158.7966
39.69915
137.22098
79.3983
5474.605
ACRES
65
COST/ACRE 84.224692
37
LABOR
JANUARY 1003.08
FEBRUARY
m
1774
MARCH
APRIL
2743
MY
3138
JutlE
3233
JULY
2988
AUGUST 2607.5
SEPTE"BER 2083
OCTOBER 4538.5
NOVE"BER 4982.5
1984 SU""ARY
REPAIRS UTILITY
453.45
782.97
542.8
5534.96
3277.45
790.53
2345.14
5484.22
6515.18
1692.42
521. 33
29265.58 28000.45
145.55
1223.71
536.99
551. 7
576.82
141.49
227
325.91
123.24
131. 91
1217.34
FUEL
RENT
121. 6
2323.02
11.13
3672. 25
18000
0
5605
5225
4040
2500
207
5765.59
1600
15915
5201.84 14393.59
SEED
FERT
500
630
871.66
10220.4
148
17760.6
23421
8963.42
6833.81 10751. 85
6598.68
50652 .31280.53 55424.95
38
HERB
TAXES
INS
151.34
254.5
1710.1
418.41
22813.5
5417.51
5851.7
19
2300
1266.5
26440
18582.59
11296.76
26438.78
0
117.2
461. 04
11505.55
INTEREST
PRHIC
1499.41
4309.02
6331.59
8151. 54
2167.51
2322.55
1393.81
16751. 78
11297.6
425.71
39838.27
3021.25 56318.13 94488.91
OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
AS OF 4-3-85
STATEI'!ENT
FOR
LIABILITIES
ASSETS
DESCRIPTION
AMOUNT BEFORE ADJUST. AFTER
LOAN CLOSES LOAN CLOSES
CASH
12000
1000
S VALUE INSURANCE
MKTBLE SECURITIES
ACCTS RECEIVABLE
58000
8000
FEED.SEED PRODUCT
PRODUCT FOR SALE
CASH iN CROPS
LIVESTOCK
DIRT UNLIMITED
TO WHOM PAYABLE, INT. RATE
SECURITY GIVEN
OR
DATE INCURRED
TERMS
AMOUNT BEFORE ADJUST. AFTER ANNUAL
LOAN CLOSES LOAN CLOSED PAYMENT
NOTES llCONTRACTS
DUE WITHIN 1 YR
PCA 84 OPERATING
0.1325
290000
OPEN ACCOUNTS
1984 OPER BORROW
260000
33000
260000
o
o
:m80
2940
MECH./MATL LIENS
DELINQUENT TAXES
TOTAL CURRENT
330000
44720
BREEDING LIVESTCK
STOCKS IN COOPS
AUTO. TRUCKS
MACHllE9UIP
OPEN END RESERVE
101000
0
0
0
0
23000
0
TOTAL CURRENT
323000
101000
UNMATURED DEBTS DUE IN 1 TO 7 YEARS FRO" ABOVE DATE
9725
24000
32000
115000
9725
19200
32000
139000
FIRST BANK
PCA
FAST FREDDY
OTHER
JOHN DEERE
0.15
0.1375
0.06
0
0
18000
0.11
0
0.04
34000
13000
81000
23062
7000
38120
52000
162182
7500
30000
5200
1826
5934
--------------------------------------------TOT. INTE~EDIATE
MARKET VALUE FARM
TO BE MORTGAGED
160 $1400
160 $1300
110 $1200
120 $1100
51 $1100
SALES CONTRACTS
TOTAL FIXED
TOTAL ASSETS
INTANGIBLE ASSETS
180725
199925
0
0
238000
184000
147000
127000
55500
224000
168000
134000
111000
48100
685100
1195825
751500
996145
TOTAL INTER"EDIATE
UNMATURED DEBT DUE OVER 7 YEARS
FLB
0.12
167000
0
0
FLB
SHARKIES
MUTUAL FEDERAL
SCAI'! BAMK
NEW LOAN
0.06
0.12
0.15
21161
154854
35B64
54440
0
21161
154954
35864
54440
1896
20081
5999
8414
17459
433319
809319
387506
266319
529501
466644
TOTAL LONG-TERM ~ DEBT SERVICE
TOTAL LIABILITIES
NET WORTH
CONTINGENT LIABILITIES
IT IS AFEDERAL OFFENSE TO KNOWLINGLY HAKE AFALSE
STATEMENT FOR THE PURPOSE OF INDUCING IN ANY WAY
THE ACTION OF AFINANCIAL INSTITUTION.
SIGNATURE------------------------------------
0.1
0.135
0.68
39
0
0.53
---------
-----------
DEBT/ASSET
BEFORE
DEBT/ASSET
AFTER
127309
79138
-------NET NORTH
CHANGE
•
__
__
~.
'.
..
_
:..
_.
•
•
~
•
_
.. _
__
_
.0-
~...
... _ _
.....
__
~
._
CASH FLOII
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------OCT
NOV
JAN
APR !lAY
JUN
JUL
AUG SEPT
DEC
FEB
!tAR
LABOR
2200 2200 3000 3500 3500 3500 10000
300
250
200
200
200
300
UTILITIES
350
500
FUEL
6500 1500 1500 2000 1500 1100
REPAIRS
550 5000 3000
800 2300 5000
1500
0 5000 10000 10000 7000 5000
FERTILIZER 10000
24840
SEED
HERBICIDES 21700
INSECTICIDES 3000
CASH RENT
4'00
400 14000
1200
PAY!lENTS
230 1030 27666 2230
230
8400 11230
TAXES
3000
0 4020
4500
700
500
120
LICENSE&INS
500 2000
~lSC.~SEED P 25500
1000
_TOTAL
,NCOKE
CREDIT LINE
INTEREST
3500
200
1500
5000
3500
250
1500
1500
1200
230
230
3500 2000
1500 1500
2500 10500
1000
500
230
1500
14700 17150
1030 28500
450
1000
2000
250
1000
500
16515
42400
5500
31600
26650
47000
24840
21700
3000
49650
81236
13020 .
4270
44015
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------84550, 18180 29730 24280 69706 20350 21050 12080 7980 10230 46745 50000 394881
18000 22247
11500 61000
2000 71360 132760 128896
141550 137483 167213 179993 188699 209049 230099 242179 248159 187029 101014 22119
1710.4 1661.3 2020.5 2174.9 2280.1 2526 2780.4 2926.3 2998.6 2259.9 1220.6 2b7.26 24826.2
40
APPENDIX B
David and Mary Howell Sample Reports
Honey Creek Information Systems, Inc.
R. R. 2 • BOX 174 • MIDDLETOWN, INDIANA 47358 • (317) 759-7432
INTEGRATED DATA fLOW DIAGRAM
CASH
fLOW
financial Reports
Tax Preparation
GENERAL
LEDGER
PAYROLL
---......
.....
",,-
fIELD
MASTER
~~
Detailed Coat
Analyeis per
field
EQUIPMENT
r----+----~--------~------~~----+_~ MASTER ,
fIXED
ASS TS
Work Code
Analyais
Labor S per
field
Depreciation
ACCOUNTS
RECEIVABLE
GRAIN
Monthly Billing
ACCOUNTS
PAYABLE
Caah Requirements
Vendor Analysis
Shrinkage Calculations
Contracts Analysie
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