The Ashantilly Center
- A discovery of history through nature
Brian Reed - Professor Steffens - LAND 4900 - Spring 2015
Table of Contents
Inventory and Analysis..................................................................................... page 4-14
Master Plan...................................................................................................... page 15
Site Plan........................................................................................................... pages 16-17
Construction Drawings.................................................................................... pages 18-21
Perspective Details.......................................................................................... pages 22-25
Planting Plan.................................................................................................... pages 26-31
Planting Plan - Planting Palette........................................................................ pages 32-35
Phasing Plan.................................................................................................... pages 36-43
The Ashantilly Center
Page 3
Mission Statement:
Location Map: Georgia
Location Map:
McIntosh County
Location Map: Ashantilly
Property
To celebrate the legacy of Ashantilly through an ecological approach using environmental restoration as a foundation in order to promote the development and restoration of the historic site and further public education and engagement.
•
Allow for easier access into site
-
New placement of signage for easier
Program Goals:
maneuverability
-
Widen road or create pull offs for better
•
Create initial income through restoration projects.
vehicular movement
-
Look for grants protecting rare and endan -
Create a permanent parking area that meets gered plants and animal habitat
ADA requirements
-
Through grant money and projects, sections of •
A visually pleasing and wide path the property can be restored one at a time
guiding patrons through the site
-
Invite public to participate in projects, which -
Allow for bus access and parking
contributes labor and raises awareness of -
Encourage/promote entrance to the house Ashantilly
from front
•
Incorporate existing connection points, regionally •
Create an indoor/outdoor educational experience
and locally, into the redesign of the site.
-
Restoration projects include signage teaching -
Southeast Coast Saltwater Paddling Trail
students about the site.
•
Designate a branch trail off the main -Ethno-Botanical Garden
path with a dock for access and storage •A hands-on experience
-
Highlander Bike Trail
-
Provide pavilions and teaching space for all •
Extend bike path into the site with bike size groups
storage
-Hiking/nature tours
-
East Coast Greenway
•Night tours
•
Trail is incomplete in Darien
•
Biologist for a day tour
•
Helping to finish and establish a •Kayaking/marsh biology tour
branch trail to Ashantilly can increase •
Prolonged stays
attendance and profits
-
Build a campground for revenue and
-
The city of Darien
increased activity
•
Encourage city participation in
-
Build additional cottages for renting
advertising Ashantilly
-
Remodel the upstairs in the Ashantilly home -
Highway 99 and I-95
for artists to keep watch over the house and to •
Provide sign design for Ashantilly
generate income
-
Use income generated to finish the home
restoration.
The Ashantilly Center
Inventory and Analysis
Page 4
Surrounding Networks
• This area lies with in the William
Bartram Trail Corridor and the Gullah/ Geechee Cultural Heritage Corridor
The Ashantilly Center
Inventory and Analysis
Page 5
Views/Circulation/Historic
Buildings
• Important views for preservation are looking at the house and out onto the marsh
The Ashantilly Center
Inventory and Analysis
Page 6
Existing Vegetation
• Important to preserve as much of the existing landscape as possible
• Existing topography is shown on the map
The Ashantilly Center
Inventory and Analysis
Page 7
Endangered Plants and Animals of
Georgia’s Coast
Mammals:
Right Whale
Florida Panther
Humpback Whale
West Indian Manatee
Endangered Plant and Animal Cross-Section
Birds:
Piping Plover
Kirtland’s Warbler
Arctic Peregrine Falcon
Bald Eagle
Wood Stork
Reptiles:
American Alligator
Loggerhead Sea Turtle
Green Sea Turtle
Leatherback Sea Turtle
Eastern Indigo Snake
Hawksbill Sea Turtle
Kemp’s Ridley Sea Turtle
Shortnose Sturgeon
Insects:
American Burying Beetle
Plants:
American Chaffseed
Canby’s Dropwort
Fringed Campion
Longleaf Pine
Relict Trillium
The Ashantilly Center
Inventory and Analysis
Page 8
Habitat and Animal Conservation/Restoration
Grant Programs
Conserve Georgia
http://conservegeorgia.org/
Georgia Land Conservation Program
http://glcp.georgia.gov/
Private Lands Program
http://www.georgiawildlife.com/conservation/landowner-programs
Recreational Trails Grant
http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/recreational_trails/
Land and Water Conservation Fund
http://lwcfcoalition.org/
Wetlands Reserve Program
http://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/main/national/programs/easements/
Wildlife Resources Division Nongame Conservation
http://www.gohuntgeorgia.com/conservation
Green Growth Coastal Management Program
http://coastalgadnr.org/cm/green
The Coastal Regional Commission
http://www.crc.ga.gov/
Georgia Soil and Water Commission
http://gaswcc.georgia.gov/
The Nature Conservancy
http://www.nature.org/ourinitiatives/regions/northamerica/unitedstates/georgia/index.htm
The Georgia Conservancy
http://www.georgiaconservancy.org/index.php?page=coast
The Georgia Land Trust
http://www.galandtrust.org/
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration – NOAA
http://seagrant.noaa.gov/
-
Coastal and Marine Habitat Restoration
-
http://www.habitat.noaa.gov/funding/coastalrestoration.html
-
The Coastal and Estuarine Land Conservation Program
-
http://coast.noaa.gov/czm/landconservation/?redirect=301ocm
Georgia Wildlife
http://georgiawildlife.org/Conservation/Restoration?cat=6
Conservation Grant Program
http://wsfrprograms.fws.gov/Subpages/GrantPrograms/MultiState/MS.htm
The Ashantilly Center
Inventory and Analysis
Page 9
Concept 1
Pedestrians First
This concept focuses on the pedestrian
experience and ease of access. I have designated
the main entrance road to be free of vehicles. It is
for bike and foot traffic only. Visitors to the site will
use one of two side roads that lead you to Bond
Road. Private event guests and service vehicles will
use the north enterance and all other visitors will
use the south enterance.
The two main features are a camp ground
with five group campsites, and an area for five
cabins. These areas will connect up with the
properties trai lnetwork and the users will provide a
steady flow of income to Ashantilly.
I have also proposed the restoration of the
formal garden to the specifications indicated in the
drawing by Mr. Haynes. Instead of a fountain in the
center of tha garden, I have placed an Antebellum
era gazeebo in the center to enable easier
maintenance and smaller costs for the Ashantilly
center. This also provides a nice shady spot for
visitors to relax and enjoy the formal garden.
The Ashantilly Center
Inventory and Analysis
Page 10
Concept 2
A Focus on Land
Learning about the landscape and
preservation are the main focuses in this concept.
I have preserved the existing hardwood area and
placed the campground in the already slightly
disturbed area next to the press, minimizing the
amount of trees that will need to be removed.
The farm center has an added pavillion to
accomidate large groups that are doing activities in
the ethnobotanical garden. The main focus of this
site, besides Ashantilly, is the nature center in the
northern end of the site. With its own parking,
nature trails and connection to the formal garden,
this center will be the starting point for all nature
tours, events, and learning. It will help visitors
understand the ecology of Ashantilly and help them
understand the importance of a marsh habitat.
The Ashantilly Center
Inventory and Analysis
Page 11
Concept 3
A Glance Through Time
This concept focuses on the history of the
site and the many different types of activities that
have occured here throughout time. There is a nice
teepee campground right at the edge of the marsh
with an excellent view. This space honors the area’s
history with the Creek Indians and allow visitors to
experience a night in a different type of setting.
The campground is placed around the formal
garden which has been left in ruins in order to give
it a mysterious feeling. Using the old fountain as a
fire pit with seating, groups can gather in the center
of the campground and learn about the history of
Mr. Haynes and his family.
The gardens surrounding the Ashantilly home
are modeled after historic Antebellum gardens with
careful plant selections of the time period. An
Antebellum era gazeebo is placed there, roviding
relaxation for visitors, but also creating a strong
visual enterance, guiding pedestrians around to the
front of the home and inside.
The Ashantilly Center
Inventory and Analysis
Page 12
Concept 4.1
Combining Features
After looking over my previous three
concepts, I picked out the features I liked most and
the location of each site that works the best. I
decided on the formal garden, a nature center, a
farm center, and events area, and a camping and
cabin rental area. I continued to make small
adjustments as I settled on the placement and area
of each activity space.
The Ashantilly Center
Inventory and Analysis
Page 13
Concept 4.2
Combining Features
I then drew a concept where I changed the
location of the nature center and stage. I wanted
to have the nature center located closer to the rest
of the buildings creating a centralized activity area.
I felt that this placement of the nature center was
too close to the campground, so I decided to go
with the previous placement.
I also realized that I would prefer to have the
stage with the marsh in the background so that it
creates a nice backdrop for the public.
As you will see in my masterplan, I made a
few more changes such as the facing of the nature
center, and circulation of vehicles and pedestrians
through the site to create a better unified plan.
The Ashantilly Center
Inventory and Analysis
Page 14
Notes on Ashantilly
• The main entrance will remain
off of GA
Notes
on Ashantilly
HWY 99 with additional planting and signage.
It will beThe
one main
way toentrance
promote awill
centralized
•
remain off of GA HWY 99 with additional
and slower traffic parrern and ease of access
planting and signage. It will be one way to promote a centralized and slower
traffic
parrern section
and ease
of access
• The southern
of Bond
Road will
Hiking Trails
remain open and be used as a secondary
•
The southern
section
of of
Bond
entrance/exit.
The northern
section
BondRoad will remain open and be used
Road
has
been
eliminated
to
prevent
cut
as a secondary entrance/exit. The northern section of Bond Road has been
through traffic
eliminated
to prevent cut through traffic
Long Leaf Pine
Restoration
Main Entrance
• Parking has been expanded and circulation
•
been expanded
and circulation improved in order to
improvedParking
in orderhas
to accommodate
busses
accommodate busses
• Farm center with picnic pavilion provides
Nature Tour
Trails
Restored Historic
Garden
educational
space
for ethno-botanical
•
Farm
center
with picnic pavilion provides educational space for
gardening
and
markets
ethno-botanical gardening and markets
• Circulation is improved guiding visitors
•
Circulation is improved guiding visitors to the front of Ashantilly past
to the front of Ashantilly past the relocated
the
relocated
fountain
andnative
through
the new native garden
fountain
and through
the new
garden
Nature Center
Event Lawn
Ethno-Botanical
Garden
• The historic
garden has
beenhas
restored
•
The historic
garden
beentorestored to the original plans, and the
the
original
plans,
and
the
fountain
has
fountain has been replaced with anbeen
19th century gazebo
Teepee Camping
Ashantilly
replaced with an 19th century gazebo
•
A nature center with additional parking helps promote
• A nature center with additional parking
environmental
education and
is theand
start of all nature tours and activities
helps promote environmental
education
Farm Center
Native Garden
Picnic Shelter
Stage
Garage
Playground
Event Lawn
Printing Press
Tabby Fire Pit
Boardwalk
to Marsh
Long Leaf Pine
Restoration
Scale: 1” = 50’
Boat House
Outdoor
Amphitheatre
Cabins
Restrooms/Showers
Sign
Side Enterance
shower facility with a joint picnic and
campfireAn
shelter
•
event stage overlooking the marsh provides space for concerts,
weddings, shows, etc.
• An outdoor amphitheatre overlooking the
The Ashantilly Center
Master Plan
•
The campground has a restroom and shower facility with a joint
picnic
and campfire
• The campground
hasshelter
a restroom and
meetings, educational talks, and group gatherings
Bird Watching
Shelter
Scale: 1” = 70’
offer overnight stays and an excellent
opportunity to generate income
• An event stage overlooking the marsh
provides space for concerts, weddings,
•
An outdoor amphitheatre overlooking the marsh provides space for
shows, etc.
Boardwalk
to Marsh
Campground
is the start of all nature tours and activities
•
Teepee camping, cabin rentals, Ashantilly bedroom rentals, and the
• Teepee
camping, all
cabin
rentals,
Ashantilly
group
campsites
offer
overnight
stays and an excellent
bedroom
rentals,
and
the
group
campsites
all
opportunity to generate income
Dock
marsh provides
space for
meetings,
•
A boardwalk
out
to the creek connects the Ashantilly property to
educational
talks,
and
group
gatherings
the kayaking trails, provides
bird watching opportunities, and a chance for
visitors to get out into the marsh and discover a new ecosystem
• A boardwalk out to the creek connects
the Ashantilly property to the kayaking trails,
provides bird watching opportunities, and a
chance for visitors to get out into the marsh
and discover a new ecosystem
Page 15
Porous Concrete
Driveway
Small Flowering
Tree
Hiking Trail
Medium Evergreen
Tree
Small Evergreen
Shrubs
Native Grasses
Uplighting
Entrance Sign
Annual Flower
Bed
Existing Entrance
Highlander Bike Trail
US HWY 99
Site Plan - Entrance
Page 16
Shell-Filled
Concrete Sidewalk
Medium Evergreen
Shrubs
Main Entrance
Ashantilly
Path
Medium Flowering
Tree
Path
Lighting
Wildflower Meadow
Fountain
Large Evergreen
Trees
Site Plan - House Plantings
Page 17
Pea Gravel Pathways
The Ashantilly Center
Construction Drawings
Page 18
Pathway Lighting
The Ashantilly Center
Construction Drawings
Page 19
A
A’
Entrance Sign Elevation View
Entrance Sign Plan View
The Ashantilly Center
Construction Drawings
Page 20
Entrance Sign Section View
A
A’
The Ashantilly Center
Construction Drawings
Page 21
Entrance Sign Perspective
The Ashantilly Center
Perspective Details
Page 22
Wildflower Meadow Looking at the Ashantilly Home
The Ashantilly Center
Perspective Details
Page 23
View of the Fountain
Looking Northeast
The Ashantilly Center
Perspective Details
Page 24
Overview of Ashantilly
The Ashantilly Center
Perspective Details
Page 25
Front Entrance Planting Plan
PLANTING NOTES:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
The Contractor shall locate and verify the existence of all utilities prior to starting work.
No plant shall be put in the ground before rough grading has been finished and approved by the Project Architect or equal.
Contractor shall mark locations of all trees and plant beds for approval of
Landscape Architect prior to installation.
All materials shall conform to the guidelines established by the current American Standard for Nursery Stock, published by the American Association of
Nurserymen.
All plants shall be installed as per details and the contract specifications.
All plants shall be balled and wrapped or grown as specified. No container stock shall be accepted if rootbound. ALL root wrapping material made of synthetics or plastics shall be removed before planting.
With container grown stock, the container shall be removed and the ball shall be cut through the surface in two vertical locations.
All plant beds shall be neatly edged with 2” deep trench borders.
All areas within plant beds to be mulched with 3” deep decomposed hardwood bark mulch. Bring mulch away from the base of the trees by 2”.
All sod areas to be Bermuda Grass, machine cut, with strong fibrous root
systems.
Do not prune central leaders of trees.
Stake all trees on slopes and any other tree indicated by Landscape Architect.
All plants and stakes shall be set plumb unless otherwise specified.
All plants shall be watered thoroughly twice during the first 24 hour period after planting. All plants shall then be watered weekly, as necessary, during the first growing season.
Contractor is responsible for maintenance of plants, including watering and weeding, until time of final acceptance.
Contractor to warranty planting for a period of one year after date of final
acceptance by Owner.
SCALE: 1” = 30’
The Ashantilly Center
Planting Plan
Page 26
Entrance Plant Schedule
Code
Quantity Botanical Name
Common Name
Size
Spacing Remarks
12 Cornus florida
6 Magnolia grandiflora 'Little Gem'
Flowering Dogwood
'Little Gem' Magnolia
15 GAL.
15 GAL.
varies
varies
$69.50
$67.50
38 Ilex vomitoria 'Nana'
Dwarf Yaupon Holly
3 GAL.
4' o.c.
$6.75
20 Muhlenbergia capillaris
Pink Muhly Grass
1 GAL.
36" o.c.
$3.25
seasonal variety
4" pot
12" o.c.
$0.50
Trees
FD
LG
Shrubs
YH
Grasses
MG
Annuals
An
1,386 seasonal variety
Meadow Plant Schedule
Code
Quantity Botanical Name
Common Name Size
Spacing
varies
varies
Panicum virgatum
Saccharumgiganteum
Switchgrass
Sugarcane Plumegrass
1 GAL.
1 GAL.
varies
varies
varies
varies
varies
varies
varies
varies
varies
varies
varies
varies
Aletris lutea
Asclepias
Baptisia alba
Echinacea purpurea
Eupatoriadelphus spp.
Liatris pycnostachya
Monarda spp.
Rudbeckia hirta
Solidago spp.
Vernonia gigantia
Yellow Colicroot
Milkweed
White Wild Indigo
Purple Coneflower
Joe-Pye Weed
Grassleaf Blazing Star
Bee Balm
Black-eyed Susan
Goldenrod
Giant Ironweed
seed
seed
seed
seed
seed
seed
seed
seed
seed
seed
scattering
scattering
scattering
scattering
scattering
scattering
scattering
scattering
scattering
scattering
Remarks
Grasses
Meadow
Meadow
$3
$3
Perennials
Meadow
Meadow
Meadow
Meadow
Meadow
Meadow
Meadow
Meadow
Meadow
Meadow
$2.95 per packet
$2.95 per packet
$2.95 per packet
$2.95 per packet
$2.95 per packet
$2.95 per packet
$2.95 per packet
$2.95 per packet
$2.95 per packet
$2.95 per packet
The Ashantilly Center
Planting Plan
Page 27
Front of the House
Planting Plan
The Ashantilly Center
Planting Plan
SCALE: 1” = 30’
Page 28
House Plant Schedule
Code
Trees
EC
LG
SM
LP
Quantity
4
3
2
3
Botanical Name
Common Name
Size
Spacing
Remarks
Juniperus virginiana
Magnolia grandiflora 'Little Gem'
Magnolia x soulangeana
Pinus palustrus
Eastern Red Cedar
'Little Gem' Magnolia
Saucer Magnolia
Longleaf Pine
15 GAL.
15 GAL.
7 GAL.
15 GAL.
varies
varies
varies
varies
Aesculus parviflora
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
Lantana camara
Monarda didyma
Myrica cerifera
Bottlebrush Buckeye
Giant Rose Hibiscus
Lantana
Beebalm
Wax Myrtle
3 GAL.
7 GAL.
1 GAL.
1 GAL.
3 GAL.
n/a
36" o.c.
4' o.c.
4' o.c.
10' o.c.
$6.50
$45.00
$5.50
$5.50
$6.75
Pink Muhly Grass
Switchgrass
1 GAL.
1 GAL.
36" o.c.
24" o.c.
$3.25
$3
Butterfly Weed
Holly Fern
Blue Flag and Yellow Flag Iris
Scarlet Sage
Society Garlic
1 GAL.
1 GAL.
1 GAL.
1 GAL.
1 GAL.
12" o.c.
18" o.c.
12" o.c.
12" o.c.
12" o.c.
$2.95
$3.75
$5.50
$2.95
$2.95
Asian Jasmine
4" pot
12" o.c.
$1.50
$60
$67.50
$28.50
$129.75
Shrubs
BB
GR
La
Bb
WM
4
10
28
15
25
Grasses
MG
SG
64 Muhlenbergia capillaris
47 Panicum virgatum
Perennials
BF
HF
Ir
SS
So
34
72
30
176
38
Asclepias tuberosa
Cyrtomium falcatum
Iris virginica shrevei and Iris pseudacorus
Salvia splendens
Tulbaghia violacea
Vines
AJ
242 Asiatic jasmine
The Ashantilly Center
Planting Plan
Page 29
Planting Details
The Ashantilly Center
Planting Plan
Page 30
Planting Details
The Ashantilly Center
Planting Plan
Page 31
Magnolia grandiflora
‘Little Gem’
Cornus florida
Myrica cerifera
Flowering Dogwood
Wax Myrtle
Muhlenbergia capillaris
Ilex vomitoria ‘Nana’
Annuals
Pink Muhly Grass
Dwarf Yaupon Holly
Aesculus parviflora
Asiatic jasmine
Cyrtomium falcatum
Bottlebrush Buckeye
Asian Jasmine
Holly Fern
‘Little Gem’ Magnolia
The Ashantilly Center
Planting Plan - Plant Palette
Page 32
Lantana camara
Monarda didyma
Salvia splendens
Lantana
Beebalm
Scarlet Sage
Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
Iris virginica shrevei and
Iris pseudacorus
Magnolia x
soulangeana
Blue Flag and Yellow Flag
Iris
Saucer Magnolia
Asclepias tuberosa
Tulbaghia violacea
Juniperus virginiana
Butterfly Weed
Society Garlic
Eastern Red Cedar
Giant Rose Hibiscus
The Ashantilly Center
Planting Plan - Plant Palette
Page 33
Rudbeckia hirta
Vernonia gigantia
Solidago spp.
Black-eyed Susan
Giant Ironweed
Goldenrod
Liatris pycnostachya
Asclepias
Panicum virgatum
Grassleaf Blazing Star
Milkweed
Switchgrass
Echinacea purpurea
Monarda spp.
Purple Coneflower
Bee Balm
Saccharum giganteum
Sugarcane
Plumegrass
The Ashantilly Center
Planting Plan - Plant Palette
Page 34
Baptisia alba
Aletris lutea
Pinus palustrus
White Wild Indigo
Yellow Colicroot
Longleaf Pine
Cost Estimate
Plants Cost + Installation: $14,164.20
Brick Pavers: $8 per square foot
Concrete for Driveway:
Labor for forming and grading - $1.10 per square foot
Concrete - $100 a yard
Pine Straw: $3.25 per bale
Land Clearing: $5,000 per half acre lot
Pea Pebbles: $75 per ton
Decking: $30 per square foot
1,210 feet long x 10 feet wide
$363,000 for completed deck
The Ashantilly Center
Planting Plan - Plant Palette
Page 35
Phase 1: Entrance and Parking
Lot Remodeling
• Construction of entrance sign with new
vegetation
• Designation of original road as a one-way road
• Construction of new expanded parking lot with
bus parking spots and a drop-off zone
The Ashantilly Center
Phasing Plan
Page 36
Phase 2: Installation of the
House Garden and Meadow
• Construct new walking paths
• Build fountain centerpiece
• Install plants around the house and meadow
The Ashantilly Center
Phasing Plan
Page 37
Phase 3: Construction of
Campground and Cabin
Rentals
• Build three additional cabins and
parking lot
• Construct campground road and
camping pads
• Construct camping bathhouse/pavilion
The Ashantilly Center
Phasing Plan
Page 38
Phase 4.1: Construction of Hiking
Trail Network and Formal Garden
• Construct hiking trails for the campground, long leaf pine
forest, and around the formal garden
• Restore and install the formal garden to original plans
The Ashantilly Center
Phasing Plan
Page 39
Phase 4.2: Construction
of TeepeeCampground
and Events Stage
• Construct new Teepee campground
area
• Build events stage for entertainment
and new revenue possibilities
The Ashantilly Center
Phasing Plan
Page 40
Phase 5: Construction
of Farming Center and
Ampitheatre
• Reduce the size of the garden
• Build a barn/education building
• Construct a pavillion for gathering
• Build a playground
• Redo landscaping around the printing
press
• Build ampitheatre overlooking the
marsh
The Ashantilly Center
Phasing Plan
Page 41
Phase 5: Construction
of Dock
• Build the dock for marsh access
• Build the bird watching pavillion
The Ashantilly Center
Phasing Plan
Page 42
Phase 5: Construction of the
Nature Center
• Build the nature center and new parking lot
• Construct the nature center educational hiking
trails
The Ashantilly Center
Phasing Plan
Page 43
Page 44
The
Ashantilly
Center
• The m
HWY 99
It will be
and slow
Hiking Trails
• The s
remain
entranc
Road ha
through
Long Leaf Pine
Restoration
Main Entrance
• Parkin
improve
• Farm
educatio
gardenin
Nature Tour
Trails
Restored Historic
Garden
Event Lawn
Ethno-Botanical
Garden
• The h
the orig
replaced
Teepee Camping
Ashantilly
Farm Center
Native Garden
Picnic Shelter
Stage
Garage
Playground
Event Lawn
Printing Press
Tabby Fire Pit
Boardwalk
to Marsh
Long Leaf Pine
Restoration
- A discovery of history
through nature
• Circul
to the fr
fountain
Nature Center
Scale: 1” = 50’
Boat House
Outdoor
Amphitheatre
Cabins
Restrooms/Showers
Sign
Side Enterance
• The c
shower
campfir
• An ou
marsh p
educatio
Bird Watching
Shelter
Scale: 1” = 70’
• Teepe
bedroom
offer ov
opportu
• An ev
provide
shows, e
Boardwalk
to Marsh
Campground
• A nat
helps pr
is the st
Dock
Page 45
• A boa
the Ash
provide
chance
and disc