tr)
r--
A
74 Kerry Speeches
75 Challenger Variables
76
77 July
78 1 -7.2.04
79 2 -7.3.04
80 3 - 7.6.04
81 4-7.15.04
82 5-7.16.04
83 6 -7.22.04
84 7 - 7.23.04
85 8 -7.24.04
86 9 -7.29.04
87
88 Total (9 Speeches)
89 Mean
90 Mean Out of Range
91 Total Out of Range
92 High
93 Low
94
95 August
96 1 - 8.5.04
97 2 - 8.7.04
98 3 - 8.12.04
99 4-8.18.04
100 5-8.19.04
101 6 - 8.24.04
102
103 Total (6 Speeches)
104 Mean
105 Mean Out of Range
106 Total Out of Range
107 High
108 Low
109
110
111
E
B
D
C
Familiarity
Standard Deviation Out of Range
Range: 115.43-142.56
117.86
129.85
128.82
107.2
116.71
109.48
132.16
134.31
125.4
1101.79
122.42
No
-0.82
0.06
-0.01
-1.61
-0.91
-1.44
0.23
0.39
-0.27
Optimism
Range: 47.56 - 53.67
No
No
No
Yes - Low
No
Yes - Low
No
No
No
53.45
52.17
54.06
53.99
52.13
53.54
53.03
55.7
50.41
2
1
736.71
122.79
No
-2.75
-0.46
No
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
No
No
Yes - High
No
Yes - Low
No
Yes - Low
No
No
No
64.49
7.17
No
52.05
52.08
52.58
49.07
50.24
52.89
No
No
No
No
No
No
308.91
51.49
No
2
0
2
9.09
4.72
14.25
3.97
4.811
4.86
7.16
9.14
6.49
3
3
0
0
-1.58
0.25
-1.05
-0.23
-0.66
0.52
Collectives
Range: 5.88 - 14.85
478.48
53.16
No
-4.38
-0.49
107.55
132.34
114.75
125.91
120.05
136.11
G
F
Out of Range
4.98
2.21
8.98
11
6.43
10.06
43.66
7.28
No
0
0
0
.
A
112
Kerry
Speeches
\0
r:--- 113 Challenaer Variables
114
115 September
116 1 - 9.1.04
117 2 - 9.2.04
118 3 - 9.4.04
119 4 - 9.6.04
120 5 - 9.8.04
121 6 - 9.9.04
122 7-9.11.04
123 8-9.11.042
124 9 - 9.11.04 3
125 10 - 9.14.04
126 11 - 9.15.04
127 12 - 9.16.04
128 13 - 9.20.04
129 14 - 9.24.04
130
131 Total (14 Speeches)
132 Mean
133 Mean Out of Range
134 Total Out of Range
135 High
136 Low
137
B
D
C
Familiarity
Standard Deviation Out of Range
Ranae: 115.43 - 142.56
126.83
87.32
118.06
107.97
119.11
112.35
119.5
125.94
123.99
117.5
58.63
130.89
123.15
60.13
-0.16
-3.07
-0.81
-1.55
-0.73
-1.23
-0.7
-0.23
-0.37
-0.85
-5.19
0.14
-0.43
-5.08
1531.37
109.38
Yes - Low
-20.26
-1.45
E
Optimism
Range: 47.56 - 53.67
No
Yes - Low
No
Yes - Low
No
Yes - Low
No
No
No
No
Yes - Low
No
No
Yes - Low
Collectives
Range: 5.88 - 14.85
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Yes - Low
No
No
No
No
8.78
9.11
8.76
6.86
13.16
10.69
9.45
4.85
4.5
5.88
5.48
10.6
7.89
5.71
111.72
7.98
No
711
50.79
No
5
0
5
,
53.24
52.44
50.76
49.31
51.13
52.87
50.45
52.34
52.32
44.84
50.39
52.87
48.62
49.42
G
F
Out of Range
1
0
1
l-
I-
A
138 Kerry Speeches
,139 Challenger Variables
140
141 October
142 1-10.2.04
143 2 -10.3.04
144 3-10.11.04
145 4 - 10.14.04
146 5 -10.15.04
147 6 - 10.16.04
148 7 -10.16.04 2
149 8 - 10.19.04
150 9 -10.20.04
151 10 -10.21.04
152 11 • 10.22.04
153 12 - 10.23.04
154
155 13·10.24.04
156 14 - 10.26.04
157 15·10.27.04
158 16 - 10.29.04
159 17 - 10.30.04
160
161 Total (17 Speeches)
162 Mean
163 Mean Out of Range
164 Total Out of Range
165 High
166 Low
167
168 Total (79 Speeches)
169 Mean
170 Mean Out of Range
171 Total Not Out of Range
172 Total Out of Range
173 High
174 Low
B
C
D
Familiarity
Standard Deviation Out of Range
Range: 115.43 - 142.56
E
Optimism
Range: 47.56 - 53.67
F
Out of Range
G
Collectives
Range: 5.88 - 14.85
116.34
130
119.18
114.34
60.47
117
118.03
125.75
120.19
122.32
113
104.68
-0.93
0.07
-0.72
-1.08
-5.05
-0.88
-0.81
-0.24
-0.65
-0.49
-1.18
-1.79
No
No
No
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
No
No
No
No
No
Yes· Low
Yes - Low
51.21
52.42
53.32
56.87
58.66
49.98
53.02
49.93
50.73
52.2
49.55
47.44
No
No
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
No
No
No
No
No
Yes - Low
4.73
9.04
8.27
4.87
5.57
4
9.52
41
10.561
7.88
9.01
3.6,
123.6
116.17
121.5
106.52
105.01
-0.4
-0.95
-0.55
-1.66
-1.77
No
No
No
Yes - Low
Yes· Low
53.01
51.32
47.17
50.71
51.7
No
No
Yes - Low
No
No
8.68!
10.67
5.011
6.29
8.34
1934.1
113.77
Yes - Low
-19.08
-1.12
879.24
51.72
No
6
0
6
9406.32
119.07
No
--
-57.87
-0.73
120.041
8.57
No
4
2
2
4116.95
52.11
No
54
25
1
24
699.28
8.85
No
61
18
15
3
00
r-
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
H
Kerry Speeches
Challenger Variables
March
1 - 3.16.04
2 - 3.17.04
3 - 3.25.04
4 - 3.26.04
5 - 3.28.04
6 - 3.31.04
I
Standard Deviation
0.14
1.37
-0.41
-0.21
-0.57
-0.68
K
J
Out of Range Insistence FreQuencv
Range: 11.09 - 73.15
No
Yes - High
No
No
No
No
L
Standard Deviation
43.98
20.03
18.92
134.51
18.02
79.35
0.06
-0.71
-0.75
2.98
-0.78
1.2
314.81
52.47
No
2
0.33
M
N
Out of Range Patriotic Frequency
No
No
No
Yes - High
No
Yes- High
17
19
221
23
11'
10
i
Total (6 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
April
1 - 4.6.04
2 - 4.7.04
3 - 4.12.04
4 - 4.17.04
5 - 4.22.04
6 - 4.23.04
7 - 4.26.04
8 - 4.29.04
9 - 4.30.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
-0.36
-0.06
1
1
0
-0.75
1.86
-0.53
-0.32
-0.69
0.4
2.52
-0.69
-0.42
No
Yes - High
No
No
No
No
Yes - High
No
No
1.38
0.15
2
2
0
102
17
i
2
2
0
93.8
35.74
45.7
77.8
33.68
86.38
31.29
16.62
35.81
1.67
-0.21
0.12
1.15
-0.27
1.43
-0.35
-0.82
-0.2
456.82
50.76
No
2.52
0.28
--
Yes- High
No
No
Yes- High
No
Yes- High
No
No
No
i
5
25
17
5
14
44
22
45
18
195
21.67
3
3
0
0\
r--
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
H
Kerry Speeches
Challenger Variables
I
Standard Deviation
May
1 - 5.3.04
2 - 5.7.04
3 - 5.8.04
4 - 5.10.04
5-5.16.04
6-5.17.04
7 - 5.22.04
8 - 5.27.04
9 - 5.29.04
0.34
-1.16
-0.72
-0.22
-0.9
0.64
-0.08
0.65
1.69
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
No
Yes - Low
No
No
No
No
No
No
Yes - High
0.24
0.03
L
Standard Deviation
14.28
40.55
9.34
64.09
66.78
123.03
91.42
25.96
59.25
-0.9
-0.05
-1.06
0.71
0.79
2.61
1.59
-0.52
0.55
494.7
54.97
No
3.72
0.41
M
N
Out of Range Patriotic
No
No
Yes - Low
No
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
No
0.3
-0.73
-1.1
-0.51
2.77
0.07
0.05
-0.25
2.01
No
No
Yes - Low
No
Yes- High
No
No
No
Yes - High
2.61
0.29
..
3
2
1
.
18
49
20
7
17
63
23
38
17
252
28
2
1
1
June
1 - 6.1.04
2 - 6.3.04
3 - 6.6.04
4-6.12.04
5 - 6.21.04
6 - 6.24.04
7 - 6.26.04
8 - 6.29.04
9 - 6.29.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
K
J
Out of Range Insistence
Range: 11.09 -73.15
3
2
1
96.31
50.32
8.42
27.86
30.96
52.85
61.02
80.6
52.14
1.75
0.26
-1.09
-0.46
-0.36
0.35
0.61
1.24
0.32
460.48
51.16
No
2.62
0.29
.
,
Yes - High
No
Yes- Low
No
No
No
No
Yes- High
No
21
28
17
2
32
30
60
48
36
274
30.44
,
3
2
1
H
o00 74 Kerry Speeches
75 Challenger Variables
76
77 July
78 1 -7.2.04
79 2 - 7.3.04
80 3 - 7.6.04
81 4 -7.15.04
82 5-7.16.04
83 6 -7.22.04
84 7 -7.23.04
85 8 - 7.24.04
86 9 - 7.29.04
87
88 Total (9 Speeches)
89 Mean
90 Mean Out of Range
91 Total Out of Range
92 High
93 Low
94
95 August
96 1 - 8.5.04
97 2 - 8.7.04
98 3 - 8.12.04
99 4 - 8.18.04
100 5-8.19.04
101 6 - 8.24.04
102
103 Total (6 Speeches)
104 Mean
105 Mean Out of Range
106 Total Out of Range
107 High
108 Low
109
110
111
I
Standard Deviation
-0.28
-1.26
0.87
-1.43
-1.24
-1.23
-0.71
-0.27
-0.86
K
J
Out of Range Insistence
Range: 11.09 - 73.15
No
Yes - Low
No
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
No
No
No
-6.41
-0.71
L
Standard Deviation
46.55
52.23
57.54
37.06
47.24
36.59
67.74
43.84
24.29
0.14
0.33
0.5
-0.16
0.17
-0.18
0.83
0.06
-0.57
413.08
45.9
No
1.12
0.12
4
0
4
-1.2
-1.82
-0.31
0.14
-0.88
-0.07
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
No
No
No
No
-4.14
-0.69
2
0
2
M
N
Out of Range Patriotic
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
59
22
23
34
18
42
40
22
73
333
37
0
0
0
36.44
27.57
78.47
44.77
38.31
67.04
-0.18
-0.47
1.17
0.09
-0.12
0.8
292.6
48.77
No
1.29
0.22
No
No
Yes - High
No
No
No
46
4
35
28
16
28
157
1
1
0
.....
00
H
112 Kerry Speeches
113 Challenger Variables
114
115 September
116 1 - 9.1.04
117 2 - 9.2.04
118 3 - 9.4.04
119 4 - 9.6.04
120 5 - 9.8.04
121 6 - 9.9.04
122 7-9.11.04
123 8-9.11.042
124 9 - 9.11.04 3
125 10 - 9.14.04
126 11-9.15.04
127 12 - 9.16.04
128 13 - 9.20.04
129 14 - 9.24.04
130
131 Total (14 Speeches)
132 Mean
133 Mean Out of Range
134 Total Out of Range
135 High
136 Low
137
I
Standard Deviation
-0.35
-0.28
-0.36
-0.78
0.62
0.07
-0.2
-1.23
-1.31
-1
-1.09
0.05
-0.55
-1.04
J
K
Out of Range Insistence
Range: 11.09 - 73.15
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
-
Yes -
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Low
Low
Low
Low
No
No
Low
-7.45
-0.53
5
0
5
L
Standard Deviation
43.36
63.91
143.85
143.98
138.88
52.48
50.82
19.69
22.6
226.55
36.96
66.61
84.64
27.6
0.04
0.7
3.28
3.28
3.12
0.33
0.28
-0.72
-0.63
5.94
-0.17
0.79
1.37
-0.47
1121.93
80.14
Yes - High
17.14
1.22
M
Out of Range Patriotic
YesYes Yes -
Yes-
Yes -
No
No
High
High
High
No
No
No
No
High
No
No
High
No
N
36
22
8
31
32
47
35
6
6
15
38
27
34
35
372
26.57
5
5
0
C'l
00
H
138 Kerry Speeches
139 Challenger Variables
140
141 October
142 1 - 10.2.04
143 2 - 10.3.04
144 3 -10.11.04
145 4 - 10.14.04
146 5 - 10.15.04
147 6-10.16.04
148 7 - 10.16.04 2
149 8 -10.19.04
150 9 - 10.20.04
151 10 - 10.21.04
152 11 - 10.22.04
153 12 - 10.23.04
154
155 13 - 10.24.04
156 14 - 10.26.04
157 15 - 10.27.04
158 16 - 10.29.04
159 17 - 10.30.04
160
161 Total (17 Speeches)
162 Mean
163 Mean Out of Range
164 Total Out of Range
165 High
166 Low
167
168 Total (79 Speeches)
169 Mean
170 Mean Out of Range
171 Total Not Out of Range
172 Total Out of Range
173 High
174 Low
I
Standard Deviation
J
K
Out of Range Insistence
Range: 11.09·73.15
L
Standard Deviation
M
N
Out of Range Patriotic
-1.26
-0.29
-0.47
-1.22
-1.07
-1.42
-0.19
-1.42
0.05
-0.55
-0.3
-1.51
Yes· Low
No
No
Yes - Low
Yes- Low
Yes - Low
No
Yes - Low
No
No
No
Yes - Low
80.96
34.2
102.89
54.94
33.54
70
86.19
81.65
66.24
49.87
54.8
126.95
1.25
-0.26
1.96
0.41
-0.28
0.9
1.42
1.27
0.78
0.25
0.41
2.73
Yes· High
No
Yes - High
No
No
No
Yes- High
Yes - High
No
No
No
Yes - High
19
4
26
31
12
-0.37
0.07
-1.19
-0.91
-0.45
No
No
Yes - Low
No
No
14.16
41.74
49.9
105.55
49.65
-0.9
-0.01
0.25
2.04
0.24
No
No
No
Yes - High
No
23
34
3
29
12
1103.23
64.9
No
12.46
0.89
-12.5
-0.74
7
0
7
6
6
0
3
12
13
32
33
6
2
I
I
4657.65
58.96
No
-26.63
-0.34
53
26
6
20
1979,
42.87
0.54
56
23
21
2
0
("")
00
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
Kerry Speeches
Challenger Variables
March
1 - 3.16.04
2 - 3.17.04
3 - 3.25.04
4 - 3.26.04
5 - 3.28.04
6 - 3.31.04
Total (6 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
Q
P
Realism Frequency
Out of Range
Range: 49.51 - 54.74
55.13
48.55
52.25
51.72
56.13
52.22
Yes - High
Yes - Low
No
No
Yes - High
No
316
52.67
No
3
2
1
19 April
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
1 ·4.6.04
2 - 4.7.04
3 - 4.12.04
4 - 4.17.04
5 - 4.22.04
6 - 4.23.04
7 - 4.26.04
8 - 4.29.04
9 - 4.30.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
53.19
53.11
55.58
48.23
53.94
49.72
53.78
53.21
47.4
No
No
Yes - High
Yes - Low
No
No
No
No
Yes - Low
468.16
52.02
No
3
1
2
0
-.::t
00
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
Kel"lY Speeches
Challenger Variables
May
1 - 5.3.04
2 - 5.7.04
3 - 5.8.04
4 - 5.10.04
5-5.16.04
6 - 5.17.04
7 - 5.22.04
8 - 5.27.04
9 - 5.29.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
June
1 - 6.1.04
2 - 6.3.04
3 - 6.6.04
4-6.12.04
5 - 6.21.04
6 - 6.24.04
7 - 6.26.04
8 - 6.29.04
9 - 6.29.04
Total_t9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
P
Realism
Rar)ge: 49.51 - 54.74
52.24
45.55
46.81
50
51.27
46.52
53.93
49.28
52.12
Q
Out of Range
-
No
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
No
No
Yes - Low
No
Yes - Low
No
447.72
49.75
No
4
0
4
49.09
49.94
52.3
50.62
54.56
50.68
50.17
51.11
53.93
Yes - Low
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
462.4
51.38
No
1
0
1
0
Irl
00
74 Kerry Speeches
75 Challenger Variables
76
77 July
78 1 - 7.2.04
79 2 -7.3.04
80 3 - 7.6.04
81 4 -7.15.04
82 5 -7.16.04
83 6 -7.22.04
84 7 - 7.23.04
85 8 - 7.24.04
86 9 - 7.29.04
87
88 Total (9 Speeches)
89 Mean
90 Mean Out of Range
91 Total Out of Range
92 High
93 Low
94
95 August
96 1 - 8.5.04
97 2 - 8.7.04
98 3 - 8.12.04
99 4 - 8.18.04
100 5-8.19.04
101 6 - 8.24.04
102
103 Total (6 Speeches)
104 Mean
105 Mean Out of Range
106 Total Out of Range
107 High
108 Low
109
110
111
P
Q
Realism
Out of Range
Range: 49.51 - 54.74
I
•
•
I
49.85
49.45
48.18
49.48
52.08
47.22
55.35
53.85
50.55
No
No
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
No
Yes - Low
Yes - High
No
No
456.01
50.67
No
4
1
3
49.83
51.04
53.05
51.98
53.2
51.81
No
No
No
No
No
No
310.91
51.82
No
0
0
0
0
\0
00
112 Kerry Speeches
113 Challenger Variables
114
115 September
116 1 - 9.1.04
117 2 - 9.2.04
118 3 - 9.4.04
119 4 - 9.6.04
120 5 - 9.8.04
121 6 - 9.9.04
122 7-9.11.04
123 8·9.11.042
124 9 - 9.11.04 3
125 10 - 9.14.04
126 11-9.15.04
127 12 - 9.16.04
128 13 - 9.20.04
129 14 - 9.24.04
130
131 Total (14 Speeches)
132 Mean
133 Mean Out of Range
134 Total Out of Range
135 High
136 low
137
P
Q
Realism
Out of Range
Range: 49.51 - 54.74
51.78
53.17
53.39
52.31
52.55
50.78
51.54
49.69
48.32
49.82
44.36
52.22
49
44.52
Yes Yes Yes Yes -
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Low
No
Low
No
Low
Low
703.45
50.25
No
4
0
4
0
I"'-00
138 Kerry Speeches
139 Challenger Variables
140
141 October
142 1 - 10.2.04
143 2 -10.3.04
144 3-10.11.04
145 4 - 10.14.04
146 5 - 10.15.04
147 6 - 10.16.04
148 7 - 10.16.042
149 8 - 10.19.04
150 9 - 10.20.04
151 10 - 10.21.04
152 11 - 10.22.04
153 12 - 10.23.04
154
155 13 - 10.24.04
156 14 - 10.26.04
157 15 - 10.27.04
158 16 - 10.29.04
159 17 - 10.30.04
160
161 Total (17 Speeches)
162 Mean
163 Mean Out of Range
164 Total Out of Range
165 High
166 Low
167
168 Total (79 Speeches)
169 Mean
170 Mean Out of Range
171 Total Not Out of Range
172 Total Out of Range
173 High
174 Low
P
Q
Realism
Range: 49.51 - 54.74
Out of Range
53.93
52.51
50.13
51.05
46.52
45.76
51.7
50.24
50.93
50.51
53.23
53.78
No
No
No
No
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
No
No,
No
No
No
No
51.71
50.32
48.62
54.13
56.36
No
No
Yes - Low
No
Yes - High
.
4036.08
51.09
No
53
23
5
18
00
00
Bush Speeches
Challenger Variables
March
1 ·3.19.04
2 - 3,20.04
3 - 3.24.04
4 - 3.25.04
5 - 3.26.04
6 - 3.27.04
Total (6 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
April
1 - 4.2.04
2 - 4.3.04
3 - 4.5.04
4 - 4.6.04
5 - 4.10.04
6 - 4.13.04
7 - 4.15.04
8 - 4.20.04
9 - 4.21.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
Familiarity Frequency
Range: 115.43 - 142.56
Standard Deviation
135.13
124.78
122.4
128.12
120.28
114.26
0.45
-0.31
-0.49
-0.07
-0.64
-1.09
744.97
124.17
No
-2.15
-0.36
No
Out of Range Optimism Frequency
Range: 47.56 - 53.67
No
No
No
No
No
Yes - Low
52.15
55.39
61.02
51.88
54.37
53.82
-1.04
-1.02
-0.14
-0.8
0.56
-0.6
-0.36
1.4
-0.41
1128.64
125.4
No
-2.41
-0.27
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
Yes· High
Yes - High
328.63
54.77
Yes - High
1
0
1
114.96
115.23
127.15
118.21
136.53
120.89
124.16
148.02
123.49
Out of Range Collectives Frequency
Range: 5.88 - 14.85
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
No
No
No
No
No
Yes - High
No
76.29
12.72
No
4
4
0
61.95
51.38
52.75
50,94
54.55
53.03
51.83
54,77
50.75
Yes - High
No
No
No
Yes - High
No
No
Yes - High
No
481.95
53.55
No
3
1
2,
9.74
9.69
21.28
9.6
10.6
15.38
22.92
16.3
18.83
6.56
16.25
12.26
12.27
6,98
8.96
121.33
13.48
No
3
3
0
0'1
Bush Speeches
Challenger Variables
Familiarity Frequency
Range: 115.43 - 142.56
Standard Deviation
Out of Range Optimism Frequency
Range: 47.56 - 53.67
Out of Range Collectives Frequency
Range: 5.88 - 14.85
I
!
00
.
May
1 - 5.3.04
2 - 5.4.04
3 - 5.4.04
4 - 5.5.04
5 - 5.8.04
6 - 5.13.04
7 - 5.14.04
8 - 5.21.04
9 - 5.31.04
I
135.78
123.02
123
113.5
126.84
128.37
123.44
114.13
119.92
0.5
-0.44
-0.44
-1.14
-0.16
-0.05
-0.41
-1.1
-0.67
1108
123.11
No
-3.91
-0.43
No
No
No
Yes - Low
No
No
No
Yes - Low
No
55.92
55.9
59.24
51.73
53.78
54.11
57.63
57.24
52.81
Yes - High
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
Yes - High
Yes· High
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
11.59
11.861
8.5
11.81 !
9.12
9.64
14.37 '
16.34
10.77
i
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
498.36
55.37
Yes - High
2
0
2
104
11.55
No
7
7
0
~
Bush Speeches
Challenger Variables
June
1-6.1.04
2 - 6.2.04
3 - 6.15.04
4 - 6.16.04
5-6.17.04
6 - 6.18.04
7 - 6.19.04
8 - 6.21.04
9 - 6.28.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
July
1 - 7.8.04
2 - 7.9.04
3 - 7.9.04
4 - 7.9.04
5 - 7.12.04
6 -7.13.04
7-7.13.04
8 -7.14.04
9 - 7.30.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
~o~ __
Familiarity Frequency
Ranae: 115.43 - 142.56
Standard Deviation
113.78
109.78
130.52
110.07
127.07
121.25
113.18
128.59
108.05
-1.12
-1.42
0.11
-1.4
-0.14
-0.57
-1.17
-0.03
-1.54
1062.29
118.03
No
-7.28
-0.81
Out of Range Optimism Frequency
Range: 47.56 - 53.67
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
No
Yes - Low
No
No
Yes - Low
No
Yes - Low
56.75
56.88
56.25
50.19
51.59
52.16
50.85
52.1
56.66
-2.76
-0.63
-0.26
0.52
-0.68
-0.32
-0.58
-0.3
-1.56
1071.89
119.1
No
-6.57
-0.73
Yes - High
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
No
No
No
No
Yes - High
483.43
53.71
Yes - High
5
0
5
91.5
120.5
125.5
136.03
119.83
124.66
121.07
124.89
107.91
Out of Range Collectives Frequency
Range: 5.88 - 14.85
Yes - Low
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Yes - Low
114.63
12.74
No
4
4
0
68.37
58.25
52.56
53.08
49.44
55.83
55.73
55.73
54.14
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
No
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
Yes - High
Yes - High
503.13
55.9
Yes - High
2
0
2
11.21
25.93
14.29
13.65
9.22
10.95
15.62
9.68
4.08
6.29
8.25
12.62
8.91
11.11
10.07
13.98
12.58
12.95
96.76
10.75
No
6
6
-
0
_._ ........ _
-
Bush Speeches
...... Challenger Variables
Familiarity Frequency
Range: 115.43 - 142.56
Standard Deviation
Out of Range Optimism Frequency
Range: 47.56 - 53.67
Out of Range Collectives Frequency
I
Range: 5.88 - 14.85
0\
August
1 - 8.4.04
2 - 8.10.04
3 - 8.11.04
4 - 8.12.04
5 - 8.17.04
6 - 8.28.04
110
112.67
118.61
86.9
107.32
125.92
-1.4
-1.2
-0.77
-3.1
-1.6
-0.23
Total (6 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
661.42
110.24
-8.3
-1.38
Yes - Low
Yes- Low
No
Yes - Low
Yes- Low
No
56.83
56.4
55.31
80.83
58.45
54.85
Yes - High
Yes - High
Yes - High
Yes - High
Yes- High
Yes - High
362.67
60.45
Yes - Low
57.26
9.54i
Yes
4
0
4
4.9
12.2
10.2
6.12
13.24'
10.6
Nol
6
6
0
I
I
September
1 - 9.1.04
2 - 9.2.04
3 - 9.3.04
4 - 9.4.04
5 - 9.5.04
6 - 9.7.04
7 - 9.9.04
8 - 9.10.04
9 - 9.13.04
10 - 9.16.04
11 - 9.17.04
12 - 9.20.04
13 - 9.22.04
14 - 9.24.04
Total (14 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
119.53
118.01
111.5
124.33
115.31
113.51
117.71
124.14
125.37
127.62
122.79
125.74
119.22
127.81
-0.7
-0.81
-1.29
-0.34
-1.01
-1.14
-0.83
-0.36
-0.27
-0.1
-0.46
-0.24
-0.72
-0.09
1692.59
120.9
-8.36
-0.6
No
No
Yes - Low
No
Yes- Low
Yes - Low
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
53.65
58.58
58.82
54.36
53.35
55.14
53.91
53.92
52.08
52.91
51.05
55.83
54.19
51.05
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
Yes· High
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
No
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
150.72
10.77
758.84
54.2
No
No
Yes - High
3
0
3
11.12
15
8.2
12.28
11.83
6.27
13.83
6.78
14.15
9.57
12.24
8.87
10.31
10.27i
8
8
0
IBush Speeches
N
0\
IChallenger Variables
October
1 - 10.2.04
2 -10.4.04
3 - 10.6.04
4 - 10.7.04
5 - 10.12.04
6 - 10.14.04
7 - 10.15.04
8-10.16.04
9 - 10.19.04
10 - 10.23.04
11 - 10.28.04
12 - 10.29.04
13 - 10.30.04
14 - 10.30.04
15-10.30.04
16 - 10.31.04
17 -10.31.04
Familiarity Frequency
Ranae: 115.43 - 142.56
Standard Deviation
130.18
106.86
106.88
110
113.83
119.89
115.06
124.52
126.65
88.81
122.99
116.5
120.56
124.95
124.8
120.41
119.64
0.09
-1.63
-1.63
-1.4
-1.12
-0.67
-1.03
-0.33
-0.17
-2.96
-0.44
-0.92
-0.62
-0.3
-0.31
-0.63
-0.69
Total (17 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
1992.53
117.21
No
-14.76
-0.87
Total (79 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
9462.33
119.77
No
Out of Range Optimism Frequency
Range: 47.56 - 53.67
No
Low
Low
Low
Low
No
Yes - Low
No
No
Yes - Low
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
-
Out of Range Collectives Frequency
Range: 5.88 - 14.85
54.8
49.78
66.35
55.57
55.94
53.11
55.4
53.79
51.69
66.57
53.65
55.42
52.73
53.55
53.7
53.47
53.43
Yes - High
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
Yes - High
No
Yes - High
No
No
Yes - High
No
No
938.95
55.23
Yes - High
154.91
9.11
No
6
0
6
9
9
0
4355.96
55.13
Yes - High
-53.74
-0.68
26
1
25
10.04
1.88
16.49
12.08
8.73
11.64
5
7.32
10.02
4.85
8.54
10.58
10.67
8.29
9.49
9.4
9.89
875.9
11.09
No
,
47
47
0
i
j
('1')
Bush Speeches
Challenger Variables
Standard Deviation Out of Range Insistence Frequency
Range: 11.09 - 73.15
Standard Deviation
Out of Range Patriotic Frequency
0'\
March
1 - 3.19.04
2 - 3.20.04
3 - 3.24.04
4 - 3.25.04
5 - 3.26.04
6 - 3.27.04
Total (6 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
April
1 - 4.2.04
2 - 4.3.04
3 - 4.5.04
4 - 4.6.04
5-4.10.04
6-4.13.04
7 - 4.15.04
8 - 4.20.04
9 - 4.21.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
-0.14
-0.15
2.48
-0.17
0.05
1.12
No
No
Yes - High
No
No
Yes - High
3.19
0.53
39.35
48.15
34.64
31.55
68.59
64.74
-0.09
0.19
-0.24
-0.34
0.85
0.73
287.02
47.84
No
1.1
0.18
2
2
0
2.8
1.32
1.89
-0.85
1.31
0.42
0.43
-0.75
-0.31
Yes - High
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
Yes - High
No
No
No
No
6.26
0.7
No
4
4
0
No
No
No
No
No
No
34
46
26
24
36
4
170
28.33
0
0
0
46.82
76.58
69.69
56.8
52.69
37.37
81.08
82.18
83.74
0.15
1.11
0.89
0.47
0.34
-0.15
0.41
1.29
1.34
586.95
65.22
No
5.85
0.65
No
Yes- High
No
No
No
No
No
Yes- High
Yes- High
28
7
31
29
21
101
55
43
52
367
40.78
3
3
0
~
Bush Speeches
Challenger Variables
May
1 - 5.3.04
2 - 5.4.04
3 - 5.4.04
4 - 5.5.04
5 - 5.8.04
6 - 5.13.04
7 - 5.14.04
8 - 5.21.04
9 - 5.31.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
Standard Deviation Out of Range Insistence Frequency
Range: 11.09 - 73.15
0.27
0.33
-0.42
0.32
-0.28
-0.16
-0.89
1.33
-0.33
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Yes - High
No
0.17
0.02
1
1
0
Standard Deviation Out of Range Patriotic Frequency
45.21
46.18
99
97.25
55
51.36
26.01
39.84
7.1
0.1
0.13
1.83
1.78
0.42
0.3
-0.52
-0.07
-1.13
466.95
51.88
No
2.84
0.32
No
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
No
No
No
Yes- Low
64
53
3
42
63
26
21
14
7
293
32.56
3
3
0
V)
Bush Speeches
Challenger Variables
Standard Deviation Out of Range Insistence Frequency
Range: 11.09 - 73.15
Standard Deviation
Out of Range Patriotic
Frequen~
0\
June
1 - 6.1.04
2 - 6.2.04
3 - 6.15.04
4 - 6.16.04
5 - 6.17.04
6 - 6.18.04
7 - 6.19.04
8 - 6.21.04
9 - 6.28.04
0.19
3.47
0.88
0.73
-0.25
0.13
1.17
-0.15
-1.4
No
Yes - High
No
No
No
No
Yes - High
No
Yes - Low
34.28
32.41
23.09
59.78
122.08
80.66
28.06
54.17
39.99
-0.25
-0.31
-0.61
0.57
2.58
1.24
-0.45
0.39
-0.07
474.52
55.72
No
3.09
0.34
No
No
No
No
Yes- High
Yes - High
No
No
No
45
82
20
52
45
49
2
18
37
,
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
July
1 - 7.8.04
2 -7.9.04
3 -7.9.04
4 - 7.9.04
5 - 7.12.04
6-7.13.04
7-7.13.04
8 - 7.14.04
9 - 7.30.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
4.77
0.53
2
2
0
3
2
1
-0.91
-0.47
0.5
-0.32
0.17
-0.07
0.81
0.5
0.58
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
0.79
0.9
0
0
0
350
38.89
40.86
97.25
38.4
31.08
67.04
47.75
48.69
60.05
71.71
-0.04
1.78
-0.12
-0.36
0.8
0.18
0.21
0.21
0.95
502.83
55.87
No
3.61
0.41
No
Yes- High
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
27
7
5
79
40
67
65
66
59
415
46.11
1
1
0
Bush Speeches
Challenger
Variables
\0
Standard Deviation Out of Range Insistence Frequency
Range: 11.09 - 73.15
Standard Deviation
Out of Range Patriotic Frequency
0\
i
•
Al!Qust
1 - 8.4.04
2 - 8.10.04
3 - 8.11.04
4 - 8.12.04
5 - 8.17.04
6 - 8.28.04
Total (6 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
Sejltember
1 - 9.1.04
2 - 9.2.04
3 - 9.3.04
4 - 9.4.04
5 - 9.5.04
6 - 9.7.04
7 - 9.9.04
8-9.10.04
9 - 9.13.04
10 - 9.16.04
11 - 9.17.04
12 - 9.20.04
13 - 9.22.04
14 - 9.24.04
Total (14 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
-1.22
0.41
-0.04
-0.95
0.64
0.05
Yes - Low
No
No
No
No
No
-1.11
-0.19
40.5
60.35
64.82
31.2
38.28
65.01
-0.05
0.59
0.73
0.73
-0.12
0.74
300.16
50.03
No
2.62
0.44
1
0
1
0.17
1.03
-0.48
0.43
0.33
-0.91
0.77
-0.8
0.84
-0.18
0.42
-0.33
-0.01
-0.02
No
Yes· High
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
1.26
0.09
1
1
0
No
No
No
No
No
No
1
61
58
44
68
59
291
48.5
0
0
0
66.19
60.67
37
35.46
74.01
24.22
38.04
29.51
49.2
35.79
57.74
31.52
54.36
39.61
0.78
0.6
-0.16
-0.21
1.03
-0.58
-0.13
-0.41
0.23
-0.2
0.5
-0.34
0.39
-0.08
633.32
45.24
No
1.42
0.1
No
No
No
No
Yes - High
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
52
82
2
48
47
56
46
59
53
56
28
46
15
61
651
46.5
1
1
0
I:"0\
Bush Speeches
Challenger Variables
October
1 - 10.2.04
2 -10.4.04
3 -10.6.04
4 -10.7.04
5 - 10.12.04
6 -10.14.04
7 - 10.15.04
8 - 10.16.04
9 - 10.19.04
10 - 10.23.04
11 - 10.28.04
12 - 10.29.04
13 - 10.30.04
14 - 10.30.04
15 - 10.30.04
16 - 10.31.04
17 - 10.31.04
Standard Deviation Out of Range Insistence Frequency
Range: 11.09 - 73.15
-0.07
-1.89
1.37
0.38
-0.36
0.28
-1.2
-0.68
-0.08
-1.23
-0.41
0.05
0.07
-0.46
-0.19
-0.22
-0.1
Total (17 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
-4.74
-0.28
Total (79 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
11.59
0.15
No
No
Yes- Low
Yes - High
No
No
No
Yes - Low
No
No
Yes - Low
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Standard Deviation
37.03
31.94
47.28
55.28
26.83
27.51
25.31
26.96
35.6
28.67
39.61
72.6
53.59
53.16
58.73
35.18
47.36
-0.16
-0.33
0.17
0.42
0.17
-0.47
-0.54
-0.49
-0.21
-0.43
-0.08
0.98
0.37
0.36
0.54
-0.22
0.17
702.64
41.33
No
0.25
0.015
4
1
3
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
50
61
60
12
54
39
45
35
45
32
31
9
39
38
44
34
32
660
38.82
0
0
0
3954.39
50.06
No
16
11
5
Out of Range Patriotic Frequency
3197
40.47
20.78
0.26
10
10
0
00
Bush Speeches
Challenger Variables
Realism Frequency Out of Range
Range: 49.51 - 54.74
0\
March
1 - 3.19.04
2 - 3.20.04
3 - 3.24.04
4 - 3.25.04
5 - 3.26.04
6 - 3.27.04
Total (6 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
April
1 - 4.2.04
2 - 4.3.04
3 - 4.5.04
4 - 4.6.04
5 - 4.10.04
6-4.13.04
7 - 4.15.04
8 - 4.20.04
9 - 4.21.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
50.25
45.77
50.43
47.71
50.02
52.92
No
No
No
Yes - Low
No
No
297.1
49.52
No
1
0
1
46.62
50.54
50.99
46.99
49.48
47.23
50.92
50.13
45.98
Yes- Low
No
No
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
No
No
Yes - Low
438.88
48.76
Yes - Low
5
0
5
~
Bush Speeches
Challenger Variables
May
1 - 5.3.04
2 - 5.4.04
3 - 5.4.04
4 - 5.5.04
5 - 5.8.04
6 - 5.13.04
7 - 5.14.04
8 - 5.21.04
9 - 5.31.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
Realism Frequency Out of Range
Range: 49.51 ·54.74
48.11
47.01
48.8
47.75
46.83
49.32
51.92
46.2
50.97
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
No
Yes - Low
No
436.91
48.55
Yes· Low
7
0
7
o
o
-
Bush Speeches
Challenger Variables
June
1 - 6.1.04
2 - 6.2.04
3 - 6.15.04
4 - 6.16.04
5 - 6.17.04
6 - 6.18.04
7 - 6.19.04
8 - 6.21.04
9 - 6.28.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
July
1 - 7.8.04
2 -7.9.04
3 - 7.9.04
4 - 7.9.04
5 - 7.12.04
6-7.13.04
7-7.13.04
8 - 7.14.04
9 - 7.30.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
Realism Frequency Out of Range
Range: 49.51 - 54.74
45
43.23
47.41
47.71
48.88
46.8
50.27
49.99
47.04
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
-
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
No
No!
Yes - Low
426.33
47.37
Yes - Low
7
0
7
37.24
50.13
47.57
49.9
47.24
47.2
46.63
48.95
49.92
Yes - Low
No
Yes - Low
No
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
No
424.78
47.2
Yes - Low
6
0
6
,.....
o,.....
Bush Speeches
Challenger Variables
August
1 - 8.4.04
2 - 8.10.04
3-8.11.04
4 - 8.12.04
5 - 8.17.04
6 - 8.28.04
Total (6 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
September
1 - 9.1.04
2 - 9.2.04
3 - 9.3.04
4 - 9.4.04
5 - 9.5.04
6 - 9.7.04
7 - 9.9.04
8-9.10.04
9 - 9.13.04
10-9.16.04
11-9.17.04
12 - 9.20.04
13 - 9.22.04
14 - 9.24.04
Total (14 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
Realism Frequency Out of Range
Range: 49.51 - 54.74
49.39
48.86
48.72
45.77
51.5
51.83
Yes YesYesYes-
Low
Low
Low
Low
No
No
296.07
49.35
Yes - Low
4
0
4
50.29
51.02
49.18
49.42
48.8
47.64
48.85
46.5
51.58
48.94
48.24
48.39
48.44
49.97
Yes Yes YesYesYesYes Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
-
No
No
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
No
Low
Low
Low
Low
No
687.26
49.09
Yes - Low
10
0
10
s.....
Bush Speeches
Challenger Variables
October
1 - 10.2.04
2 - 10.4.04
3 -10.6.04
4 - 10.7.04
5-10.12.04
6 - 10.14.04
7 - 10.15.04
8 -10.16.04
9 - 10.19.04
10 - 10.23.04
11 - 10.28.04
12 - 10.29.04
13 -10.30.04
14 -10.30.04
15 - 10.30.04
16 - 10.31.04
17 - 10.31.04
Realism Frequency_ Out ofRan~e
Range: 49.51 - 54.74
50.67
44.6
47.58
49.04
47.53
48.58
49.37
47.24
49.69
49.22
48.66
48.1
48.74
49.28
51.49
50.32
48.9
Total (17 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
829.01
48.76
Yes - Low
Total (79 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
3836.34
48.56
Yes - Low
No
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
Yes- Low
Yes- Low
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
Yes - Lowi
No
Yes - Low!
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
Yes- Low
No
No
Yes - Low
13
0
13
53
0
53
103
The following tables are the method of organization for the results of the
significant variables in the study of the election winner variables for President George W.
Bush. This fifth table includes the results from Bush's seventy nine campaign speeches,
based on the election winner variables of Familiarity, Optimism, Human Interest, and
Realism frequencies.
To read these tables, it is important to note that the seventy nine speeches are
organized by month along the y-axis. Also shown on the y-axis are totals, means, and out
of range labels. These calculations were done for each month and at the end, all seventy
nine speeches were averaged according to these same calculations.
Along the x-axis are the challenger variables of Familiarity, Optimism, Human
Interest, and Realism frequencies. Frequency simply indicates how many times a word
contained in the respective dictionary appears in a given speech. Standard deviation is
significant in determining if the speech was out of range. Out of range could either be a
high or low significance. Again, in this study, I was unable to perform the complex
statistics involved regarding statistical significant and out of range situations.
~
......
Bush Speeches
Incumbent Variables
Optimism Frequency
Range: 47.56 - 53.67
March
1 - 3.19.04
2 - 3.20.04
3 - 3.24.04
4 - 3.25.04
5 - 3.26.04
6 - 3.27.04
52.15
55.39
61.02
51.88
54.37
53.82
Total (6 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
Familiarity Frequency
Range: 115.43 -142.56
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
328.63
54.77
Yes - High
Standard Deviation
135.13
124.78
122.4
128.12
120.28
114.26
0.45
-0.31
-0.49
-0.07
-0.64
-1.09
744.97
124.17
No
-2.15
-0.36
No
Out of Range
No
NOI
No
No
No!
Yes - Low
;
4
4
0
April
1 - 4.2.04
2 - 4.3.04
3 - 4.5.04
4 -4.6.04
5-4.10.04
6 -4.13.04
7-4.15.04
8 -4.20.04
9 - 4.21.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
Out of Range
Yes - High
No
No
No
Yes - High
No
No
Yes - High
No
61.95
51.38
52.75
50.94
54.55
53.03
51.83
54.77
50.75
481.95
53.55
No
,
,--
3
3
0
1
0
1
114.96
115.23
127.15
118.21
136.53
120.89
124.16
148.02
123.49
-1.04
-1.02
-0.14
-0.8
0.56
-0.6
-0.36
1.4
-0.41
1128.64
125.4
No
-2.41
-0.27
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
No
No
No
No
No
Yes - High
No
L ___
3
1
2
II')
o
Bush Speeches
Incumbent Variables
May
1 - 5.3.04
2 - 5.4.04
3 - 5.4.04
4 - 5.5.04
5 - 5.8.04
6 - 5.13.04
7 - 5.14.04
8 - 5.21.04
9 - 5.31.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
Optimism Frequency
Range: 47.56 - 53.67
55.92
55.9
59.24
51.73
53.78
54.11
57.63
57.24
52.81
Out of Range
Familiarity Frequency
Range: 115.43 - 142.56
Yes - High
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
498.36
55.37
Yes - High
7
7
0
Standard Deviation
135.78
123.02
123
113.5
126.84
128.37
123.44
114.13
119.92
0.5
-0.44
-0.44
-1.14
-0.16
-0.05
-0.41
-1.1
-0.67
1108
123.11
No
-3.91
-0.43
Out of Range
No
No
No
Yes - Low
No
No
No
Yes- Low
No
2
0
2
8.....
Bush S~eches
Incumbent Variables
June
1 -6.1.04
2 - 6.2.04
3 - 6.15.04
4 - 6.16.04
5 - 6.17.04
6-6.18.04
7-6.19.04
8 - 6.21.04
9 - 6.28.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
July
1 -7.8.04
2 -7.9.04
3 - 7.9.04
4 - 7.9.04
5 -7.12.04
6 - 7.13.04
7-7.13.04
8 - 7.14.04
9 - 7.30.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
Optimism Frequency
Range: 47.56 - 53.67
56.75
56.88
56.25
50.19
51.59
52.16
50.85
52.1
56.66
Out of Range
Familiarity Frequency
Range: 115.43 - 142.56
Yes- High
Yes- High
Yes - High
No
No
No
No
No
Yes - High
483.43
53.71
Yes- High
68.37
58.25
52.56
53.08
49.44
55.83
55.73
55.73
54.14
Standard Deviation
113.78
109.78
130.52
110.07
127.07
121.25
113.18
128.59
108.05
-1.12
-1.42
0.11
-1.4
-0.14
-0.57
-1.17
-0.03
-1.54
1062.29
118.03
-7.28
-0.81
Out of Range
Yes- Low
Yes - Low
No
Yes - Low
Noj
No!
Yes- Low
No
Yes - Low
4
4
0
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
No
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
Yes- High
Yes - High
91.5
120.5
125.5
136.03
119.83
124.66
121.07
124.89
107.91
-2.76
-0.63
-0.26
0.52
-0.68
-0.32
-0.58
-0.3
-1.56
Yes - Low
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Yes - Low
1071.89
119.1
No
-6.57
-0.73
2
0
2
503.13
55.9
Yes - High
6
6
0
5
0
5
t""-
o
Bush Speeches
Incumbent Variables
August
1 - 8.4.04
2 - 8.10.04
3 - 8.11.04
4 - 8.12.04
5 - 8.17.04
6 - 8.28.04
Total (6 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
Optimism Frequency
Range: 47.56 - 53.67
56.83
56.4
55.31
80.83
58.45
54.85
Familiarity Frequency
Ranae: 115.43 - 142.56
Out of Ranae
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes -
High
Hiah
High
High
High
High
362.67
60.45
Yes
6
6
0
Standard Deviation
110
112.67
118.61
86.9
107.32
125.92
-1.4
-1.2
-0.77
-3.1
-1.6
-0.23
661.42
110.24
Yes - Low
-8.3
-1.38
Out of Range
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
No
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
No
4
0
00
o
Bush Speeches
Incumbent Variables
September
1 - 9.1.04
2 - 9.2.04
3 - 9.3.04
4 - 9.4.04
5 - 9.5.04
6-9.7.04
7 - 9.9.04
8 - 9.10.04
9-9.13.04
10 - 9.16.04
11-9.17.04
12 - 9.20.04
13 - 9.22.04
14 - 9.24.04
Total (14 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
Optimism Frequency
Range: 47.56 - 53.67
53.65
58.58
58.82
54.36
53.35
55.14
53.91
53.92
52.08
52.91
51.05
55.83
54.19
51.05
Familiarity Frequency
Range: 115.43 -142.56
Out of Range
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
No
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
758.84
54.2
Yes - High
8
8
0
Standard Deviation
119.53
118.01
111.5
124.33
115.31
113.51
117.71
124.14
125.37
127.62
122.79
125.74
119.22
127.81
-0.7
-0.81
-1.29
-0.34
-1.01
-1.14
-0.83
-0.36
-0.27
-0.1
-0.46
-0.24
-0.72
-0.09
1692.59
120.9
No
-8.36
-0.6
Out of Range
No
No
Yes- Low
No
Yes - Low
Yes- Low
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
3
0
3
0\
o
Bush Speeches
Incumbent Variables
Optimism Frequency
Range: 47.56 - 53.67
Out of Range
Familiarity Frequency
Range: 115.43 - 142.56
Standard Deviation
Out of Range
,....;
October
1 -10.2.04
2 - 10.4.04
3 - 10.6.04
4 -10.7.04
5 - 10.12.04
6 -10.14.04
7 -10.15.04
8 -10.16.04
9-10.19.04
10 -10.23.04
11 - 10.28.04
12 - 10.29.04
13 -10.30.04
14 -10.30.04
15 - 10.30.04
16 - 10.31.04
17 -10.31.04
54.8
49.78
66.35
55.57
55.94
53.11
55.4
53.79
51.69
66.57
53.65
55.42
52.73
53.55
53.7
53.47
53.43
Yes - High
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
Yes- High
No
Yes - High
No
No
Yes - High
No
No
130.18
106.86
106.88
110
113.83
119.89
115.06
124.52
126.65
88.81
122.99
116.5
120.56
124.95
124.8
120.41
119.64
0.09
-1.63
-1.63
-1.4
-1.12
-0.67
-1.03
-0.33
-0.17
-2.96
-0.44
-0.92
-0.62
-0.3
-0.31
-0.63
-0.69
No
Low
Low
Low
Low
No
Yes - Low
No
No
Yes- Low
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
YesYesYesYes-
o.......
Bush Speeches
Incumbent Variables
Optimism Frequency
Range: 47.56 - 53.67
Familiarity Frequency
Range: 115.43 -142.56
Out of Range
Standard Deviation
Out of Range
.......
Total (17 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
938.95
55.23
Yes - High
Total (79 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
4355.96
55.13
Yes - High
1992.53
117.21
No
-14.76
-0.87
9
9
0
--_.-
6
0
6
9462.33
119.77
No
47
47
0
---
---_.-
-53.74
-0.68
L __
26
1
25
,....;
,....;
,....;
Bush Speeches
Incumbent Variables
March
1-3.19.04
2 - 3.20.04
3 - 3.24.04
4 - 3.25.04
5 - 3.26.04
6 - 3.27.04
Total (6 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
April
1 - 4.2.04
2 -4.3.04
3 -4.5.04
4 - 4.6.04
5-4.10.04
6 -4.13.04
7 -4.15.04
8 - 4.20.04
9 - 4.21.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
Human Interest Frequency
Range: 6.30 - 26.47
Standard Deviation
40.9
40.27
48.75
38.79
33.88
31.51
0.21
0.16
0.87
0.03
-0.38
-0.58
234.1
39.02
No
0.31
0.05
Out of Range Realism Frequency Out of Range
Range: 49.51 - 54.74
No
No
No
No
No
No
50.25
45.77
50.43
47.71
50.02
52.92
297.1
49.52
No
0
0
0
39.23
25.3
39.51
35.43
36.05
22.97
33.13
33.34
26.91
0.07
-1.1
0.09
-0.25
-0.2
-1.29
-0.44
-0.42
-0.96
291.87
32.43
No
-4.5
-0.5
No
No
No
Yes- Low
No
No
No
Yes - Low
No
No
No
Yes - Low
No
No
No
1
0
1
46.62
50.54
50.99
46.99
49.48
47.23
50.92
50.13
45.98
Yes- Low
No
No
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
No
No
Yes - Low
438.88
48.76
Yes - Low
2
0
2
5
0
5
N
Bush Speeches
Incumbent Variables
Human Interest Frequency
Range: 6.30 - 26.47
Standard Deviation
Out of Range Realism Frequency Out of Range
Range: 49.51 - 54.74
,....;
,....;
May
1 - 5.3.04
2 - 5.4.04
3 - 5.4.04
4 - 5.5.04
5 - 5.8.04
6 - 5.13.04
7 - 5.14.04
8 - 5.21.04
9 - 5.31.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
40.54
49
42.27
38.28
40
41.58
48.4
49.95
48.28
0.18
0.89
0.33
-0.01
0.14
0.27
0.84
0.97
0.83
398.3
44.26
No
4.44
0.49
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
48.11
47.01
48.8
47.75
46.83
49.32
51.92
46.2
50.97
Yes- Low
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
Yes- Low
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
No
Yes - Low
No
436.91
48.55
Yes - Low
0
0
0
7
0
7
('fj
Bush Speeches
Incumbent Variables
Standard Deviation
Human Interest Frequency
Range: 6.30 - 26.47
Out of Range Realism Frequency Out of Range
Range: 49.51 - 54.74
June
1 - 6.1.04
2 -6.2.04
3 - 6.15.04
4 - 6.16.04
5 - 6.17.04
6-6.18.04
7 - 6.19.04
8 - 6.21.04
9 -6.28.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
low
49.17
28.06
35.69
41.94
43.5
43.5
38.97
40.59
40.26
0.91
-0.87
-0.23
0.3
0.43
0.43
0.05
0.19
0.16
361.68
40.19
1.37
0.15
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
45
43.23
47.41
47.71
48.88
46.8
50.27
49.99
47.04
- Low
- Low
-low
- Low
-lowl
- Low
Noi
No.
Yes -low
426.33
47.37
Yes-low
No
0
0
0
71
0
7i
July
!
1 - 7.8.04
2 -7.9.04
3 - 7.9.04
4 -7.9.04
5 - 7.12.04
6 - 7.13.04
7-7.13.04
8 - 7.14.04
9 -7.30.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
17.81
41.5
45.75
37.57
35.72
44.3
42.07
42.7
42.99
-1.73
0.26
0.62
-0.07
-0.22
0.5
0.31
0.36
0.39
350.41
38.93
0.42
0.05
Yes - Low
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
424.78
47.2
No
L.
37.24
50.13
47.57
49.9
47.24
47.2
46.63
48.95
49.92
Yes- Low
.
1
0
1
Yes - Low
No
Yes - Low
No
Yes -lowl
Yes- Low
Yes -low
Yes - Low
No
.
I
61
01
61
"'d"
.....
.....
Bush Speeches
Incumbent Variables
Human Interest Frequency
Range: 6.30 - 26.47
Standard Deviation
Out of Range Realism Frequency Out of Range
Range: 49.51 - 54.74
A~ust
123456-
8.4.04
8.10.04
8.11.04
8.12.04
8.17.04
8.28.04
Total (6 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
49
40.4
39.99
94.65
45.72
36.95
0.89
0.17
0.13
4.72
0.62
-0.12
306.71
51.12
Yes - High
6.41
1.07
No
No
No
Yes - High
No
No
49.39
48.86
48.72
45.77
51.5
51.83
Yes- Low
Yes- Low
Yes- Low
Yes - Low
No
No
296.07
49.35
Yes - Low
1
1
0
4
0
4
!
VI
...;
...;
Bush Speeches
Incumbent Variables
September
1-9.1.04
2 - 9.2.04
3 - 9.3.04
4 - 9.4.04
5 - 9.5.04
6 - 9.7.04
7 - 9.9.04
8 - 9.10.04
9 - 9.13.04
10-9.16.04
11-9.17.04
12 - 9.20.04
13 - 9.22.04
14 - 9.24.04
Total (14 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Qut of Range
Total Qut of Range
High
Low
Human Interest Frequency
Range: 6.30 - 26.47
Standard Deviation
39.8
42.93
42
33.27
40.19
43.49
33.79
39.59
34.58
35.73
35.29
31.33
36. 1
42.9
0.12
0.38
0.3
-0.43
0.15
0.43
-0.39
0.1
-0.32
-0.22
-0.26
-0.59
-0.19
0.38
530.99
37.93
No
-0.54
-0.04
Qutof Range Realism Frequency Qut of Range
Range: 49.51 - 54.74
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
50.29
51.02
49.18
49.42
48.8
47.64
48.85
46.5
51.58
48.94
48.24
48.39
48.44
49.97
No
No
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
Yes- Low
Yes - Low
Yes- Low
Yes- Low
No
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
Yes - Low!
Yes - Low
No
687.26
49.09
Yes - Low
0
0
0
10
0
10
\0
,.....;
Bush Speeches
Incumbent Variables
Human Interest Frequency
Range: 6.30 - 26.47
Standard Deviation
Out of Range Realism Frequen~y Out of Range
Range: 49.51 - 54.74
,.....;
October
1 -10.2.04
2 - 10.4.04
3 - 10.6.04
4 - 10.7.04
5 -10.12.04
6 -10.14.04
7 -10.15.04
8 -10.16.04
9 -10.19.04
10 -10.23.04
11 - 10.28.04
12 - 10.29.04
13 - 10.30.04
14 -10.30.04
15 - 10.30.04
16 -10.31.04
17 -10.31.04
38.79
37.23
34
38.75
36.09
33.74
51.26
42.66
32.87
17.45
39.05
44
39.43
39.38
35.73
43.47
42.3
0.03
-0.1
-0.37
0.03
-0.19
-0.39
1.08
0.36
-0.46
-1.76
0.06
0.47
0.09
0.08
-0.22
0.43
0.33
No
No
No
No
No
No
Yes - High
No
No
Yes - Low
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
50.67
44.6
47.58
49.04
47.53
48.58
49.37
47.24
49.69
49.22
48.66
48.1
48.74
49.28
51.49
50.32
48.9
No
Yes- Low
Yes- Low
Yes- Low
Yes- Low
Yes- Low
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
No:
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
No
No
Yes - Low
I:'
.....t
.....t
Bush Speeches
Incumbent Variables
Human Interest Frequency
Range: 6.30 - 26.47
Total (17 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
646.2
38.01
No
Total (79 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
3120.26
39.5
No
Standard Deviation
Out of Range Realism Frequency Out of Range
Range: 49.51 - 54.74
-0.53
-0.03
829.01
48.76
Yes- Low
2
13
0
13
1
1
7.38
0.09
3836.34
48.56
Yes - Low
6
2
4
53
0
53
118
The following tables are the method of organization for the results of the
significant variables in the study of the election winner variables for Massachusetts
Senator John F. Kerry. This fifth table includes the results from Kerry's seventy nine
campaign speeches, based on the election winner variables of Familiarity, Optimism,
Human Interest, and Realism frequencies.
To read these tables, it is important to note that the seventy nine speeches are
organized by month along the y-axis. Also shown on the y-axis are totals, means, and out
of range labels. These calculations were done for each month and at the end, all seventy
nine speeches were averaged according to these same calculations.
Along the x-axis are the challenger variables of Familiarity, Optimism, Human
Interest, and Realism frequencies. Frequency simply indicates how many times a word
contained in the respective dictionary appears in a given speech. Standard deviation is
significant in determining if the speech was out of range. Out of range could either be a
high or low significance. Again, in this study, I was unable to perform the complex
statistics involved regarding statistical significant and out of range situations.
Kerry Speeches
0\
,..... 0-9% Polling Spread Variables
Optimism Frequency
Range: 47.56 - 53.67
Familiarity Frequency
Kerry Speeches
Range: 115.43 - 142.56 Incumbent Variables
Out of Range
Standard Deviation
,.....
March
1 - 3.16.04
2 - 3.17.04
3 - 3.25.04
4 - 3.26.04
5 - 3.28.04
6 - 3.31.04
Total (6 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
April
1 - 4.6.04
2 - 4.7.04
3 - 4.12.04
4-4.17.04
5 - 4.22.04
6 - 4.23.04
7 - 4.26.04
8 - 4.29.04
9 - 4.30.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
51.71
51.05
52.23
48.92
49.74
50.53
No
No
No
No
No
No
304.18
50.7
No
0
0
0
51.78
52.96
51.18
48.7
51.4
51.37
54.2
54.63
50.35
No
No
No
No
No
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
466.57
51.84
No
2
2
0
140.27
134.78
126.88
114.03
130.83
130.84
March
1 - 3.16.04
2 - 3.17.04
3 - 3.25.04
4 - 3.26.04
5·3.28.04
6-3.31.04
777.63 Total (6 Speeches)
129.61 Mean
No Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
113
126.53
104.03
129.88
127.56
127.16
138.77
121.91
124.2
April
1 -4.6.04
2 - 4.7.04
3 - 4.12.04
4 - 4.17.04
5 -4.22.04
6 - 4.23.04
7 - 4.26.04
8 - 4.29.04
9 - 4.30.04
1113.04 Total (9 Speeches)
123.67 Mean
No Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
0.83
0.43
-0.16
-1.1
0.14
0.141
0.28
0.05
-1.18
-0.18
-1.84
0.07
-0.11
-0.14
0.72
-0.52
-0.35
-3.53
-0.39
•
~
....-of
Kerry Speeches
0-9% Polling Spread Variables
Optimism Frequency
Range: 47.56 - 53.67
Out of Range
Familiarity Frequency
Kerry Speeches
Range: 115.43 - 142.56 Incumbent Variables
Ma~
1 - 5.3.04
2 - 5.7.04
3 - 5.8.04
4 - 5.10.04
5 - 5.16.04
6 - 5.17.04
7 - 5.22.04
8 - 5.27.04
9 - 5.29.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
Yes- High
No
No
No
52.73
56.93
59.36
56.78
52.22
54.71
50.04
51.07
51.42
485.26
53.92
Yes - High
L.
'-------
4
4
0,
127.13
127.76
111.69
107.83
104.11
110.7
114.28
127.35
138.7
May
1 - 5.3.04
2 - 5.7.04
3 - 5.8.04
4 - 5.10.04
5 - 5.16.04
6 - 5.17.04
7 - 5.22.04
8 - 5.27.04
9·5.29.04
-0.14
-0.09
-1.28
-1.56
-1.84
-1.35
-1.09
-0.12
0.72
1069.55 Total (9 Speeches)
118.84 Mean
No Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
!-Q.W
Standard Deviation
----_.-
-6.75
-0.75
----_.-
--
Kerry Speeches
10-9% Polling Spread Variables
Optimism Frequency
Range: 47.56 - 53.67
Out of Range
N
June
1-6.1.04
2 - 6.3.04
3 - 6.6.04
4 - 6.12.04
5 - 6.21.04
6 - 6.24.04
7 - 6.26.04
8 - 6.29.04
9 -6.29.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
July
1 -7.2.04
2 -7.3.04
3 -7.6.04
4 - 7.15.04
5 - 7.16.04
6 -7.22.04
7 -7.23.04
8 -7.24.04
9·7.29.04
Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
47.69
64.11
52.89
50.43
56.45
54.15
50.5
52.22
54.87
No
Yes - High
No
No
Yes- High
Yes - High
No
No
Yes - High
483.31
53.7
Yes - High
4
4
0
53.45
52.17
54.06
53.99
52.13
53.54
53.03
55.7
50.41
No
No
Yes - High
Yes- High
No
No
No
Yes - High
No
478.48
53.16
No
3
3
0
Familiarity Frequency
Range: 115.43 - 142.56
118.13
154.24
112.76
125.73
128.42
133.39
128.22
120.78
120.46
Kerry Speeches
Incumbent Variables
June
1 - 6.1.04
2 - 6.3.04
3·6.6.04
4 - 6.12.04
5 - 6.21.04
6 -6.24.04
7 - 6.26.04
8 - 6.29.04
1142.13 9 - 6.29.04
126.9
No Total (9 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
117.86
129.85
128.82
107.2
116.71
109.48
132.16
134.31
125.4
July
1 - 7.2.04
2·7.3.04
3 -7.6.04
4 -7.15.04
5 -7.16.04
6 -7.22.04
7·7.23.04
8 -7.24.04
9 -7.29.04
1101.79 Total (9 Speeches)
122.42 Mean
No Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
Standard Deviation
-0.8
1.86
-1.2
-0.24
-0.04
0.32
-0.06
-0.61
-0.63
-1.4
-0.16
-0.82
0.06
-0.01
-1.61
-0.91
-1.44
0.23
0.39
-0.27
-4.38
-0.49
No
N
N
Kerry Speeches
0-9% Polling Spread Variables
Optimism Frequency
Rance: 47.56 - 53.67
Familiarity Frequency
Kerry Speeches
Range: 115.43 - 142.56 Incumbent Variables
Out of Range
Standard Deviation
.
I
I
August
1 - 8.5.04
2 - 8.7.04
3 - 8.12.04
4 - 8.18.04
5 - 8.19.04
6 - 8.24.04
Total (6 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
1Q\'V
August
52.05
52.08
52.58
49.07
50.24
52.89
No
No
No
No
No
No
308.91
51.49
No
0
0
0
107.55
132.34
114.75
125.91
120.05
136.11
1 - 8.5.04
2 - 8.7.04
3 - 8.12.04
4 - 8.18.04
5 - 8.19.04
6 - 8.24.04
-1.58
0.25i
-1.05
-0.23
-0.66!
0.52
736.71 Total (6 Speeches)
122.79 Mean
-2.75
-0.46
No Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
~.---.
--
I
,
("j
Kerry Speeches
0-9% Polling Spread Variables
Optimism Frequency
Range: 47.56 - 53.67
Familiarity Frequency
Kerry Speeches
Range: 115.43 - 142.56 Incumbent Variables
Out of Range
Standard Deviation
N
......
September
1 - 9.1.04
2 - 9.2.04
3 - 9.4.04
4 - 9.6.04
5 - 9.8.04
6 - 9.9.04
7 - 9.11.04
8 - 9.11.04 2
9 - 9.11.04 3
10 - 9.14.04
11 - 9.15.04
12-9.16.04
13 - 9.20.04
14 - 9.24.04
Total (14 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
53.24
52.44
50.76
49.31
51.13
52.87
50.45
52.34
52.32
44.84
50.39
52.87
48.62
49.42
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Yes - Low
No
No
No
No
711
50.79
No
--
,
1
0
1
126.83
87.32
118.06
107.97
119.11
112.35
119.5
125.94
123.99
117.5
58.63
130.89
123.15
60.13
September
1 - 9.1.04
2 - 9.2.04
3 - 9.4.04
4 - 9.6.04
5 - 9.8.04
6 - 9.9.04
7 - 9.11.04
8 - 9.11.04 2
9-9.11.043
10 - 9.14.04
11 - 9.15.04
12 - 9.16.04
13 - 9.20.04
14 - 9.24.04
1531.37 Total (14 Speeches)
109.36 Mean
Yes - Low Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
cbQ'oV __
-0.16
-3.07
-0.81
-1.55
-0.73
-1.23
-0.7
-0.23
-0.37
-0.85
-5.19
0.14
-0.43
-5.08
-20.26
-1.45
Yes - Low
~
.....
Kerry Speeches
0-9% Polling Spread Variables
October
1 - 10.2.04
2 - 10.3.04
3 -10.11.04
4 - 10.14.04
5-10.15.04
6 - 10.16.04
7 - 10.16.042
8 -10.19.04
9 -10.20.04
10 - 10.21.04
11 - 10.22.04
12 - 10.23.04
13 - 10.24.04
14 - 10.26.04
15 - 10.27.04
16 - 10.29.04
17 - 10.30.04
Total (17 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
Optimism Frequency
Range: 47.56 - 53.67
51.21
52.42
53.32
56.87
58.66
49.98
53.02
49.93
50.73
52.2
49.55
47.44
53.01
51.32
47.17
50.71
51.7
Familiarity Frequency
Kerry Speeches
Range: 115.43 - 142.56 Incumbent Variables
Out of Range
No
No
No
Yes- High
Yes - High
No
No
No
No
No
No
Yes - Low
No
No
Yes- Low
No
No
116.34
130
119.18
114.34
60.47
117
118.03
125.75
120.19
122.32
113
104.68
123.6
116.17
121.5
106.52
105.01
879.24
51.72
No
----
4
2
2
~-
October
1 - 10.2.04
2 - 10.3.04
3-10.11.04
4 - 10.14.04
5-10.15.04
6 - 10.16.04
7 -10.16.04 2
8 - 10.19.04
9 -10.20.04
10 - 10.21.04
11 - 10.22.04
12 - 10.23.04
13 - 10.24.04
14 - 10.26.04
15 - 10.27.04
16 - 10.29.04
17 - 10.30.04
1934.1 Total (17 Speeches)
113.77 Mean
Yes- Low Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low - - - - - -
Standard Deviation
-0.93
0.07
-0.72
-1.08
-5.05
-0.88
-0.81
-0.24
-0.65
-0.49
-1.18
-1.79
-0.4
-0.95.
-0.55
-1.66
-1.77
-19.08
-1.12
Yes - Low
-
II')
Kerry Speeches
0-9% Polling Spread Variables
Optimism Frequency
Range: 47.56 - 53.67
Out of Range
Familiarity Frequency
Kerry Speeches
Range: 115.43 - 142.56 Incumbent Variables
Standard Deviation
N
Total (79 Speeches)
Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Not Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
4116.95
52.11
No
61
18
15
3
9406.32 Total (79 Speeches)
119.07 Mean
No Mean Out of Range
Total Not Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
-57.87
-0.73
No
Out of Range
Human Interest Frequency
Range: 18.13 - 45.49
\0
N
Standard Deviation
Kerry Speeches
Incumbent Variables
Out of Range Realism Frequency
Out of Range
Range: 49.51 - 54.74
...-4
No
No
No
Yes - Low
No
No
36.2
34.57
48.59
32.19
52.61
42.49
246.65
41.11
No
1
0
1
Yes- Low
No
Yes - Low
No
No
No
No
No
No
43
59.14
52.94
38.96
38.96
33.93
34.39
56.88
28.48
386.68
42.96
No
2
0
2
0.32
0.2
1.23
0.03
1.52
0.34
March
1 - 3.16.04
2 - 3.17.04
3 - 3.25.04
4 - 3.26.04
5 - 3.28.04
6 - 3.31.04
3.64 Total (6 Speeches)
0.61 Mean
No Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
0.39
2
1.54
0.52
0.52
0.15
0.19
1.83
-0.83
April
1 - 4.6.04
2 - 4.7.04
3 - 4.12.04
4 - 4.17.04
5 - 4.22.04
6 - 4.23.04
7 - 4.26.04
8 - 4.29.04
9 - 4.30.04
6.31 Total (9 Speeches)
0.7 Mean
No Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Lovv
No
No
Yes - High
No
Yes - High
No
55.13
48.55
52.25
51.72
56.13
52.22
Yes- High
Yes - Low
No
No
Yes - High
No
316
52.67
No
2
2
0
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
No
No
No
Yes- High
No
3
2
1
53.19
53.11
55.58
48.23
53.94
49.72
53.78
53.21
47.4
No
No
Yes- High
Yes - Low
No
No
No
No
Yes - Low
468.16
52.02
No
3
3
0
3
1
2
Human Interest Frequency
Range: 18.13 - 45.49
Out of Range
tN
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes -
No
No
Low
Low
Low
Low
Low
No
No
60.03
32.68
26.06
23.4
51.03
19.06
44.98
30.49
40.22
327.95
36.44
No
5
0
5
Standard Deviation
2.06
0.06
-0.42
-0.61
1.41
-0.93
0.96
-0.1
0.15
Kerry Speeches
Incumbent Variables
Out of Range Realism Frequency
Out of Range
Range: 49.51 - 54.74
May
1 - 5.3.04
2 - 5.7.04
3 - 5.8.04
4 - 5.10.04
5 - 5.16.04
6 - 5.17.04
7 - 5.22.04
8 - 5.27.04
9 - 5.29.04
2.58 Total (9 Speeches)
0.29 Mean
No Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
No
No
No
No
Yes - Hi~h
No
No
No
No
,
52.24
45.55
46.81
50
51.27
46.52
53.93
49.28
52.12
No
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
No
No
Yes - Low
No!
Yes - Low
No!
447.72
49.75
No
i
1
4J
1
0
4
0
Human Interest Frequency
Range: 18.13 - 45.49
Out of Range
00
Standard Deviation
Kerry Speeches
Incumbent Variables
Out of Range Realism Frequency
Out of Range
Range: 49.51 - 54.74
N
,....;
No
Yes - High
Yes - Low
No
No
No
No
No
No
32,13
48
58.36
44.26
71.52
28.31
39.27
49.12
70.74
441.71
49.08
Yes - High
2
1
1
No
No
No
Yes· Low
No
Yes· Low
No
No
No
48.55
27.5
41.95
57.8
57.46
48.41
54.19
48.35
38.74
422.95
46.99
Yes - High
2
0
1
0.02
1.18
1,94
0,91
2.9
-0,26
0.55
1.27
2.72
June
1 - 6,1.04
2 - 6.3.04
3·6.6.04
4·6.12.04
5 - 6.21,04
6 - 6.24.04
7·6.26.04
8·6.29.04
9 - 6.29.04
11.23 Total (9 Speeches)
1.25 Mean
Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
July
1.22 1 - 7.2.04
-0.32 2·7.3.04
0.74 3 - 7.6.04
1.9 4 - 7.15.04
1.88 5-7.16.04
1.21 6 - 7.22.04
1.64 7·7.23.04
1.21 8 -7.24.04
0.51 9 -7.29.04
9.99 Total (9 Speeches)
1.11 Mean
Yes - High Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
bovv
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
Yes· High
No
No
Yes- High
Yes - High
49,09
49,94
52.3
50.62
54.56
50.68
50.17
51.11
53.93
Yes - Low
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
462.4
51.38
No
5
5
0
Yes - High
No
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
Yes· High
Yes - High
Yes - High
No
1
0
1
49.85
49.45
48.18
49.48
52.08
47.22
55.35
53.85
50.55
No
No
Yes- Low
Yes· Low
No
Yes - Low
Yes - High
No
No
456.01
50.67
No
6
6
0
4
1
3
Out of Range
Human Interest Frequency
Range: 18.13 - 45.49
0'\
Standard Deviation
Kerry Speeches
Incumbent Variables
Out of Range Realism Frequency
Out of Range
Range: 49.51 - 54.74
N
......
Yes - Low
No
Yes - Low
No
No
No
42.52
38.32
43.33
43.4
50.91
37.95
256.43
42.74
No
2
0
2
0.78
0.48
0.84
0.85
1.4
-0.04
August
1 - 8.5.04
2-8.7.04
3 - 8.12.04
4 - 8.18.04
5 - 8.19.04
6 - 8.24.04
4.31 Total (6 Speeches)
0.72 Mean
No Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
No
No
No
No
Yes - High
No
49.83
51.04
53.05
51.98
53.2
51.81
No
No
No
No
No
No
310.91
51.82
No
1
1
0
0
0
0
[Out of Range
-
Human Interest FreQuency
Range: 18.13 - 45.49
o
Standard Deviation
Kerry Speeches
Incumbent Variables
Out of Range Realism Frequen9'
Out of Range
Range: 49.51 - 54.74
I
('1')
No
Yes - Low
No
Yes - Low
No
Yes - Low
No
No
No
No
Yes - Low
No
No
Yes - Low
43.82
36.18
36.3
41.25
44.22
44.45
39.96
64.05
72.98
32.5
55.98
41.08
30.04
71.98
654.79
46.77
Yes - High
5
0
5
0.88
0.32
0.33
0.69
0.91
0.92
0.6
2.36
2.91
0.05
1.77
0.68
-0.13
2.94
September
1 - 9.1.04
2 - 9.2.04
3 - 9.4.04
4 - 9.6.04
5 - 9.8.04
6 - 9.9.04
7 - 9.11.04
8 - 9.11.04 2
9 - 9.11.04 3
10 - 9.14.04
11 - 9.15.04
12 - 9.16.04
13 - 9.20.04
14 - 9.24.04
15.23 Total (14 Speeches)
1.09 Mean
Yes - High Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
I
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
- High
- High
No
- High
No
No
- High
51.78
53.17
53.39
52.31
52.55
50.78
51.54
49.69
48.32
49.82
44.36
52.22
49
44.52
Yes Yes YesYes -
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Low
No
Low
No
Low
Low
703.45
50.25
No
4
4
0
4
0
4
Human Interest Frequency
Range: 18.13 - 45.49
Out of Range
.....
.....
Standard Deviation
Kerry Speeches
Incumbent Variables
Out of Range Realism Frequency
Out of Range
Range: 49.51 - 54.74
I
('f')
No
No
No
Yes - Low
Yes- Low
No
No
No
No
No
Yes - Low
Yes- Low
No
No
No
Yes - Low
Yes- Low
48.83
52
39.49
54.1
84.93
33
41.97
34.75
43.53
36.78
54.16
53.93
46.9
46.01
35.5
53.96
56.71
816.55
48.03
Yes - High
6
0
6
1.24
1.48
0.56
1.63
3.88
0.09
0.74
0.21
0.43
0.36
1.63
1.62
1.1
1.04
0.27
1.62
1.82
October
1 - 10.2.04
2 -10.3.04
3 -10.11.04
4-10.14.04
5 -10.15.04
6 -10.16.04
7 - 10.16.04 2
8 - 10.19.04
9 - 10.20.04
10 - 10.21.04
11 - 10.22.04
12 - 10.23.04
13 - 10.24.04
14 - 10.26.04
15 - 10.27.04
16 - 10.29.04
17 - 10.30.04
19.72 Total (17 Speeches)
1.04 Mean
Yes - High Mean Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
I
Yes - High
Yes- High
No
Yes- High
Yes - High
No
No
No
No
No
Yes - High
Yes- High
Yes - High
Yes- High
No
Yes - High
Yes - High
53.93
52.51
50.13
51.05
46.52
45.76
51.7
50.24
50.93
50.51
53.23
53.78
51.71
50.32
48.62
54.13
56.36
No
No
Nol
No
Yes - Low
Yes - Low
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
No
Yes - Low
No
Yes - High
871.43
51.26
No
10
10
0
4
1
3
Out of Range
Human Interest Frequency
Range: 18.13 - 45.49
N
Standard Deviation
Kerry Speeches
Incumbent Variables
Out of Range Realism Frequency
Out of Range
Range: 49.51 - 54.74
("')
......
3553.71
44.98
No
54
25
1
24
67.01 Total (79 Speeches)
0.85 Mean
No Mean Out of Range
Total Not Out of Range
Total Out of Range
High
Low
4036.08
51.09
No
47
32
32
0
53
23
5
18
133
Works Cited
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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6. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 250.
7. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
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8. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
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9. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
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10. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
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11. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
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12. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
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13. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
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18. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
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19. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
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20. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
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21. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
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22. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
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23. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 247.
24. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 247.
25. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
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139
27. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 87.
28. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 247.
29. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
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30. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
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31. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
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32. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
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33. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
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34. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
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35. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 248.
36. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 248.
37. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 248.
38. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
140
Princeton University Press, 2000. 246.
39. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 246.
40. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 246.
41. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 87.
42. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 251.
43. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 87.
44. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 87.
45. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 85,89,246-251.
46. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 89.
47. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 249.
48. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 247.
49. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 89.
141
50. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 89.
51. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 89.
52. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 84.
53. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 85.
54. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 251.
55. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 248.
56. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 248.
57. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 249.
58. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 249.
59. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 249.
60. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 249.
61. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
142
Princeton University Press, 2000. 249.
62. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 249.
63. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 249.
64. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 84.
65. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 85.
Chapter 4
1. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 83, 87.
2. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 85,89.
3. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 83.
4. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 87.
5. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 89.
6. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
143
Princeton University Press, 2000. 85.
7. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 90.
Chapter 5
1. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 83.
2. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Tom A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
3. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Tom A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
4. Kerry, John F. "Announcement of John Edwards as John Kerry's Running Mate."
JohnKerry.com. Press Room: Speeches. 6 July 2004. 24 April 2005. < http://
www.johnkerry.com/pressroom/speeches/archive/july.html>
5. Bush, George W. "Remarks by the President at Victory 2004 Rally." The White
House. 16 Sept. 2004. 24 April 2005.
<http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2004/09/20040916-19.html>
6. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Tom A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
7. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 83.
8. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Tom A. Cox.
144
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
9. Bush, George W. and Laura Bush. "Remarks by the President and Mrs. Bush at
Victory 2004 Dinner." The White House. 12 Aug. 2004. 24 April 2005.
<http://www. whitehouse. gov/news/releasesl2004/08120040812-15 .html>
10. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Tom A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
11. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Tom A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
12. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 87.
13. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 87.
14. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Tom A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
15. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Tom A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
16. Bush, George W. "President's Radio Address." The White House. 19 June 2004.
24 April 2005. <http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/
releasesI2004/06120040619.html>
17. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 87.
18. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Tom A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
145
19. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 87.
20. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 87.
21. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Tom A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
22. Kerry, John F. "Choice of a Lifetime." JohnKerry.com. Press Room: Speeches. 19
Oct. 2004. 24 April 2004. < http://www.johnkerry.coml
pressroomlspeeches/archive/october.html>
23. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 90.
24. "2004 Presidential Race - RealClearPolitics Poll Average." RealClearPolitics. 24
April 2005. <http://www.realclearpolitics.com/PresidentiaL04/chart3way.htm!>
25. "2004 Presidential Race - RealClearPolitics Poll Average." RealClearPolitics. 24
April 2005. <http://www.realclearpolitics.com/PresidentiaL04Ichart3way.html>
26. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 90.
27. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 90.
28. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Tom A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
29. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Tom A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
146
30. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 90.
31. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 90.
32. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Torn A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
33. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 90.
34. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Torn A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
35. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Torn A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
36. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 90.
37. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Torn A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
38. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 90.
39. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Torn A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
40. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 90.
41. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Torn A. Cox.
147
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
42. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 90.
43. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Tom A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
44. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 90.
Chapter 6
1. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Tom A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
2. Bush, George W. "President Addresses the Nation in Prime Time Press Conference."
The White House. 13 April 2004. 24 April 2005. < http://www.whitehouse.gov/
news/releases/2004/04/20040413-20.html>
3. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 85.
4. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Tom A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
5. Kerry, John F. ''This Election Will Be in Your Hands." 30 October 2004. 24 April
2005. < http://www.johnkerry.com/pressroom/speeches/archi ve/october.html>
6. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 85.
148
7. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 89.
8. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Tom A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
9. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Tom A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
10. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Tom A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
11. Kerry, John F. "Protecting America's Seniors." JohnKerry.com. Press Room:
Speeches. 14 Sept. 2004. 24 April 2005. < http://www.johnkerry.coml
pressroomlspeeches/archive/september.html>
12. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 89.
13.
Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Tom A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
Chapter 7
1. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 83.
2. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Tom A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
3. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
149
Princeton University Press, 2000. 85.
4. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Tom A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
5. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 89.
6. Hart, Roderick P. Diction 5.0. Developers Michael V. Stanton and Tom A. Cox.
CD-ROM. California: Scolari, 2000.
7. Cook, Charlie and Jennifer E. Duffy and Amy Walter. "A Supremely Well-Executed
White House Campaign." National Journal 6 Nov. 2004: 3421.
8. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 86.
9. Cook, Charlie and Jennifer E. Duffy and Amy Walter. "A Supremely Well-Executed
White House Campaign." National Journal 6 Nov. 2004: 3421.
10. Beinart, Peter. "What Went Wrong?" New Republic 15 Nov. 2004: 6.
11. Cook, Charlie and Jennifer E. Duffy and Amy Walter. "A Supremely Well-Executed
White House Campaign." National Journal 6 Nov. 2004: 3421.
12. Beinart, Peter. "What Went Wrong?" New Republic 15 Nov. 2004: 6.
13. Hart, Roderick P. Campaign Talk: Why Elections Are Good for Us. Princeton:
Princeton University Press, 2000. 83-84.
14. Beinart, Peter. "What Went Wrong?" New Republic 15 Nov. 2004: 6.
15. Edelman, Murray. The Symbolic Uses of Politics. Urbana and Chicago: University
of lllinois Press, 1985. 130.
16. Shea, Daniel M. and Michael John Burton. Campaign Craft: The Strategies, Tactics,
150
and Art of Political Campaign Management. Westport: Praeger, 2001. 118-119.