PERSONNEL Prof. Henry J. Zimmermann, Director Prof. John G. King, Associate Director Advisory Committee Research Committee Dean Robert A. Alberty Prof. Wilbur B. Davenport, Jr. Prof. Herman Feshbach Dean Harold J. Hanham Prof. Albert J. Hill Dean Alfred A. Keil Prof. John G. King Prof. Edward A. Mason Dean Irwin W. Sizer Prof. Henry J. Zimmermann (Chairman) Prof. Alan H. Barrett Prof. Bruno Coppi Prof. Murray Eden Prof. Morris Halle Prof. Robert S. Kennedy Prof. John G. King Prof. Lawrence M. Lidsky Prof. William M. Siebert Prof. Rainer Weiss Prof. Henry J. Zimmermann (Chairman) Professors Adler, Richard B. Allis, William P. * Barrett, Alan H. Bekefi, George Bers, Abraham Bose, Amar G. Bromberger, Sylvain Brown, Sanborn C. Bruce, James D. Burke, Bernard F. Chen, Sow-Hsin Chomsky, A. Noam Coppi, Bruno Davenport, Wilbur B., Dupree, Thomas H. Eden, Murray Edgerton, Harold E. * Elias, Peter Fodor, Jerry A. Jr. Frishkopf, Lawrence S. Gallager, Robert G. Gyftopoulos, Elias P. Hale, Kenneth L. Halle, Morris Harris, James W. Harvey, George G. * Haus, Hermann A. Ingard, K. Uno Jakobson, Roman Katz, Jerrold J. Kennedy, Robert S. King, John G. Kiparsky, R. Paul V. Kleppner, Daniel Kyhl, Robert L. Lee, Francis R. Lettvin, Jerome Y. McCune, James E. O'Neil, Wayne A. Peake, William T. Penfield, Paul L., Jr. Pomorska, Krystina Ross, John R. Schreiber, William F. Siebert, William M. Simon, William$ Smullin, Louis D. Stevens, Kenneth N. Stickney, Robert E. t Strandberg, Malcom W. P. Sz6ke, Abraham$ Van Trees, Harry L. f Weiss, Rainer Wozencraft, John M. Zacharias, Jerrold R. * Zimmermann, Henry J. Associate Professors Allen, Jonathan Baggeroer, Arthur B. Blesser, Barry A. Braida, Louis D. Burns, Stephen K. Colburn, H. Steven Crampton, Stuart J. B. Ezekiel, Shaoul Garrett, Merrill F. George, E. Victor Granlund, Goesta H. Kong, Jin-Au Lidsky, Lawrence M. Mark, Roger G. Oppenheim, Alan V. Perlmutter, David M. Price, R. Marcust Shapiro, Jeffrey H. Sigmar, Dieter J. Staelin, David H. Taylor, Robert J. Troxel, Donald E. Weiss, Thomas F. Young, fan T. * Emeritus ftAbsent $ Visiting 336 PERSONNEL Assistant Professors Chu, Flora Y-F. Gupta, Madhu S. Joannopoulos, John D. Muehlner, Dirk J. Oman, Charles M. Politzer, Peter A. Pritchard, David E. Segall, Adrian Sussman, Gerald J. Toong, Hoo-min D. Willemain, Thomas R. Lecturers Durlach, Nathaniel I. Houtsma, Adrian J. M. Kiang, Nelson Y. S. Moxon, Edwin C. Kingston, Robert H. Piankian, Robert A. Searle, Campbell L. Smith, Arthur A. Walker, Edward C. T. Research Associates and Postdoctoral Fellows Brill, Michael H. (1) Cardillo, Mark J. (2) Ducas, Theodore W. Gruberg, Edward R. Guinan, John J., Jr. Henke, William L. Hewlett, Martin J. Klatt, Dennis H. Mersereau, Russell M. Nedzelnitsky, Victor Ozonoff, David M. Perkell, Joseph S. Peterson, John W. Pettijohn, David O. Rosenkranz, Philip W. Rosenthal, Stanley R. Watson, Duncan C. Williams, Katherine Zamir, Ehud Research Staff Barrett, John W. Basu, Bamandas Benford, Richard L. Boyle, Brian E. Carroll, Francis X. Casleton, Kent H. Chihoski, George H. Coleman, John W. Durlach, Nathaniel I. Hackel, Lloyd A. Hagerich, Jeffrey A. Huggins, A. W. F. Hunnicutt, M. Sharon Hurtig, Richard Jensen, Eric R. Kessler, Allan R. Kiang, Nelson Y. S. Kierstead, John D. McCarthy, John J. McKenzie, John A. Miller, Perry L. Mulligan, William J. Myers, Philip C. Naus, Mary J. Pangaro, Paul A. Papa, D. Cosmo Parker, Ronald R. Parrish, Alan Raymond, Stephen A. Reiman, Allan R. Rewoldt, Gregory Ross, Arthur H. M. Sher, Stephanie E. Shillman, Robert J. Weaver, James C. Visiting Scientists and Guests Apgar, Edward G. Blumstein, Sheila E. Boxman, Gradus J. Brusadin, Alberto Cedergren, Henrietta J. Cerrillo, Manuel V. Chong, Augustine Chung, Sandra L. Jacobsen, Edward H. Kunt, Murat Lampis, Giampietro Lust, Barbara C. Matthieussent, Gilles Mecklenbrauker, Wolfgang F. Oomens, Arnoldus A. M. Ornstein, Lodewyk T. M. Pegoraro, Francesco Pieroni, Leonardo Quicoli, Antonio C. (1) NIH Trainee (2) 337 Petroleum Roy-Yarza, Armando Samsam, Siamak Scott, Charles T. Segr6, Sergio Siegel, Dorothy Steele, Susan M. Vaissibre, Jacqueline Van Heijningen, Rudy Vattuone, Bartolo Yuen, Horace P. H. Research Fellow PERSONNEL Research Affiliates Altmann, David W. Barlow, John S. Bowie, Jack E. Crist, Alan H. Drake, J. Michael Fraeman, Martin E, Gaiman, Barry Gerchberg, Ralph W. Groneman, Uri F. Hoff, Paul W. Howland, Bradford (1) Hubelbank, Mark Ingham, Kenneth R. Jaffe, Conrade C. Kfoury, Denis J. Marr, Elizabeth M. Menn, Lise Menyuk, Paula Mulroy, Michael J. Putney, Estill Rhodes, Charles K. Schultz, Martin C. Steffens, David A. Tripp, Alton P., Jr. Wacks, Kenneth P. Walters, Timothy E. Wolf, Catherine D. Instructors Clark, Becky J. Freeman, Richard R. Katz, Fredric M. Lyon, David L. Montress, Gary K. Soames, Scott Wittels, Norman D. Research Assistants Andrews, Avery D. Apt, Jerome, III Ausschnitt, Christopher P. Carter, Gary M. Ceglio, Natale M. Chambers, Frank W. Ching, Clifton S. Y. Combs, John A. Cooke, William E. Cooper, John F. Crane, Patrick C. Cuddy, David R. Davis, Mark F. Dolinar, Samuel J., Jr. Dylla, H. Frederick Ehst, David A. Fisch, Nathaniel J. Fisher, Arthur D. Forbes, Alan R. Frerking, Margaret A. Galvao, Ricardo M. O. Giuffrida, Thomas S. Glasser, Lance A. Goldhor, Richard S. Golub, Howard L. Grove, Robert E. Hagelstein, Peter L. Haschick, Aubrey D. Hayes, Monson H. Hershcovitch, Ady (1) Ho, Paul T. Holcomb, Terry L. Holt, Anthony P. Hsia, James C. Jarrell, Joseph A. Kaufman, Ellen J. Kim, Wha-Chun M. Klovstad, John W. Krasner, Michael A. Kuklinski, Theodore T. Kulp, John L., Jr. Lam, Kai-Shue Ledsham, William H. Lee, Sylvester Leverette, Steven J. Littman, Michael G. Lynn, Charles W. Lysy, Dusan G. Maeda, Shinji Martin, Frangois Martin, Robert N. Martin, Susan E. Mascaro, Juan McKinstry, Mark L. Metzger, Louis S. Myung, Nam-Soo Njoku, Eni G. Okin, Kenneth Okrent, Howard F. Ornstein, Joseph W. Lincoln Laboratory Staff Member 338 O'Shaughnessy, Douglas D. Pant, Aniket Parr, Robert J. Pettyjohn, Ronald L. Phillips, William D. Pine, Gerald D. Platero, Linda Reinhart, Tanya Rivas, Alberto M. Robinson, Stanley R. Schneps, Matthew H. Short, William R. Singer, Elliot Stanley, Brian R. Stimac, Gary K. Succi, George P. Sun, Anthony Tekula, Miloslav Theilhaber, Kim Throop, Alan L. Tsang, Leung Walker, Robert C. Walkowski, Yvonne M. Walters, Joseph B., Jr. Werner, Charles W. Wildman, David W. Woisetschlaeger, Erich F. Wu, Frederick Y-F. Zimmerman, Myron L. Zue, Victor W. PERSONNEL Teaching Assistants Bates, Steven L. Bonn, Jerrold Bromberg, Leslie Buckley, Robert R. Chan, Hark C. Choong, Tsi-Pin Clements, George N. Demetriou, Efstratios Doughty, Gregory M. Fisher, Jay L. Goldwasser, Samuel M. Graham, Michael R. Harris, David B. Herman, Philip W., Jr. Humblet, Pierre A. Kaplan, David L. Keshner, Marvin S. Komm, David S. Kuo, Sze-Ping Lee, Donald L. Lee, Ping Marzetta, Thomas L. Moinuddin, Syed A. Peterson, Scott K. Poklemba, John J. Portnoff, Michael R. Pusey, Leroy C. Putnam, Roger S. Richards, Burton Schluter, Paul S. Silver, Bruce R. Singel, Edward M. Stern, Richard M., Jr. Stone, David S. Strangio, Christopher E. Szlannik, Walter Theodoru, Alexander S. Ufford, John C. Wang, Yi-Ming Other Graduate Students Ades, Anthony E. (1) Ahmad, Riad N. (2) Allweiss, Jack A. (3) Ansourian Manoug M. (4) Baan, William A. (5) Baden-Kristensen, Keld (6) Bahler, Lawrence G. (7) Balsamo, Salvatore R. (8) Beguesse, fan M. Bell, Sarah J. (9) Bertschy, John R. Binder, Michael J. (9) Bishop, Robert P. (9) Boucher, Ronald E. (7) Bourk, Terrance R. (10) Breuer, Charles T. (11) Brink, Anne C. (9) Bullock, Cary G., Jr. Burmawi, M. Yousoof (12) Burr, Charles R. (9) Bush, Marcia A. (9) Camrass, Roger J. (13) Carrier, Jill L. (9) Chang, Franklin R. Chao, Yao-Ming (14) Chow, Wing Shek Chrisman, Paul W., Jr. (15) Cohen, Jeffrey (9) Cohen, Michael A. (9) Conrad, Chester H. Cook, Donald L. (16) Cooper, William E. Coueignoux, Philippe (17) Cox, Charles H. (18) Davis, James L. (9) Delgutte, Bertrand (17) Domnitz, Robert H. (9) Dowling, Neal B. (9) Drake, Caleb J. (11) Duncan, David B. (9) Ellis, James R., Jr. (19) Englander, Irvin S. Ferreira, Antonio (20) Finn, Steven G. Fisher, Allan S. Frazier, Ronald H. (21) Freeman, Dennis M. (7) Gallemore, James B. M. I. T. Intramural Fellow Jordanian Government Fellow Burroughs Fellow Hertz Foundation Fellow NASA International Fellow Copenhagen University Senior Stipend (7) NSF Fellow (8) U.S. Air Force (9) NIH Trainee (10) Grass Instrument Company Fellow (11) NSF Trainee (12), Saudi Arabian Mission Fellow (13) Plessy Company Fellow (14) Republic of China Government Fellow (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 339 (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) (23) (24) (25) (26) (27) Ganong, William F., II Garel, Keith C., Jr. (22) Gellineau, Antonio C. (23) George, Leland M. (9) Gluss, David H. Goldsmith, John A. (9) Goldstein, Ursula G. (9) Golestaani, Seyyed J. (24) Govindaraj, T. Gray, Harrold W. (25) Haas, Rene M. Haraguchi, Shosuke (26) Hentall, Ian D. (18) Hicks, Bruce L. (9) Himes, John G. (7) Hirshman, Steven P. (7) Hofer, Earl (27) Holford, Stephen K. Holton, Thomas (9) Huber, Dennis J. Hvatum, Kjeld Jabbawy, Saeed Z. Jeanne, LaVerne M. (25) Jernigan, Marvin E. (9) Thompson Fellow NationalDefense Education Act Fellow French Government Fellow RLE Industrial Fellow IBM Fellow Brazilian Government Fellow U.S. Coast Guard Jamaica Scholarship Bell Telephone Laboratories Fellow Iranian Government Fellow Ford Foundation Fellow Japanese Government Fellow Canada Council Doctoral Fellowship PERSONNEL Other Graduate Students (continued) Kahn, Daniel (1) Karney, Charles F. F. Kean, Mary-Louise (1) Kenyon, Peter T. Knecht, Laura E. (1) Kopec, Gary E. (2) Kovacs, Zsolt L. (3) Kullberg, Craig M. Leslie, David I. (4) LeSourd, Philip S. (1) Levinstone, Donald S. (1) Liberman, Mark Y. (5) Lim, Jae S. (6) Linden, Lynette L. (1) Linebarger, Marcia (1) Lippmann, Richard P. (1) Long, Jeffry R. Lynch, Thomas J. (1) Makowski, Lee C. (1) Marroquin, Jos6 L. (7) Marsh, Carolyn L. (1) Marsicano, Dennis V. May, Robert C. (1) Megill, Norman D. (5) Miller, John L. (5) Minden, Monica (5) Mook, Douglas R. (1) Morgan, Paul E. (8) Moura, Jos6 M. F. (9) Newman, Eric (1) Odette, Louis L. (10) Olesik, Joseph T. (5) Orzechowski, Thaddeus J. (6) Overskei, David O. (6) Owens, D. Kingston (6) Paik, Woo Hyun Pasquarelli, Louis R. Pattist, Todd R. Paul, Douglas B. (5) Platero, Paul R. (11) Price, Robert H. (2) Prince, Alan S. (1) Prosnitz, Donald (6) Purks, Stephen R. (5) Rabinowitz, William (12) RamonyAlarcon, Felipe D. (7) Rhyne, Theodore L. Riordan, William J. Rittenberg, Stephen Rosen, Stuart M. (5) Rotenberg, Joel (5) Roth, Paul A. (13) Rouquette, Robert E. (6)Sag, Ivan A. (1) Saidel, William M. (1) Saleh, Naser S. (14) Schechter, Bruce M. Schoendorfer, Don W. (12) Scudder, Charles A. Sianez-Gutierrez, Jorge (7 ) Singhal, Vijay K. (6) Smith, Charles E. (1) Solomon, Robert D. Sparer, Alan W. (1) Steingart, Robert J. (1) Stephens, Peter W. (15) Stiefel, Michael D. Sulman, David L. Tarvin, Jeffrey A. (5) Tebyani, Mahmoud (16) Tetreault, David J. (6) Theriault, Kenneth B. (5) Thiersch, Craig L. (17) Tole, John R. (1) Toman, Jindrich Tribolet, Jose M. (9) Tucker, Ben M. Tung, Leslie (1) Udin, Susan B. (1) Vanterpol, Ernesto (18) Vianna, Marcio L. (19) Wall, Joseph E., Jr. (5) Wang, Bingseng (3) Wiegner, Allen W. (1) Williams, Gregory (1) Wolfe, Stephen M. Wong, Tonny Y. (20) Wright, Francine E. (21) Zack, Gregory W. (1) Zavadil, Stephen W. Undergraduate Students Abrams, Jerome Ackerman, William L. Ambros, Victor R. Babecki, Glenn R. Bacon, David P. Baker, Clark M. Battye, William Beaman, Peter D. Bendt, Paul P. (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) Birrell, Steven E. Bogatin, Eric Borish, Jeffrey G. Brenner, Alan R. Brodie, Howard Bromley, Peter W. Brown, Melvin Buchholz, John C, Carter, Everett F. NIH Trainee Hertz Foundation Fellow Research Foundation Sao Paolo Kennedy Foundation Fellow NSF Fellow RLE Industrial Fellow Mexican Government Fellow U.S. Army Inst. Alta Cultura (Portugal) Fellow National Research Council of Canada Ford Foundation Fellow 340 (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) Chang, Albert M-F. Chernick, Paul L. Chew, Weng-Cho Ching, Dennis T. Chinn, Norma G. Chow, Chun-Ling Chu, Donald Clausing, Stephen Cook, Harold M. NIGMS Fellow NSF Trainee Jordanian Government Fellow M. I. T. Karl T. Compton Fellow Iranian Government Fellow Danforth Foundation Fellow Black-American Fund National Research Council of Brazil Raytheon Fellow Special Graduate Student Program PERSONNEL Undergraduate Students (continued) Crawford, Thomas R. Cunningham, Franklin Cunningham, Peter M. Czerwinski, Mark J. Dai, Cheng-Ti Dash, Glen R. Davies, Neil J. Deemer, Kenneth M. Der, Chung-Kwong Deutsch, Keith R. DeWitt, Gregory S. DiLoreto, John R. Dix, David P. Djermakoye, Boucar Doerre, George W. Eckel, David S. Elliott, John R. Ferguson, Edwin L. Fiedler, Ralph L. Fiekowsky, Peter J. Fine, John S. Finger, Jonathan Freedman, Robert A. Frueh, Jonathan T. Fulton, Scott P. Gates, Sylvester J. Gerstmyer, Robert Gillock, Richard R. Gilmore, James M. Gissen, David Glaser, Charles L. Gonzalez, Manuel T. Grant, Stephen J. Green, Jonathan B. Griffith, John D. Gula, James L. Haines, Lora L. Hanschen, Thomas P. Hasan, Ibrahim Healy, Diana L. Hersh, Keith C. Horowitz, Mark A. Howard, Iris A. Hsieh, William K. Hsing, Warren W. M. Hunter, Kevin Jacobs, Rodney A. Jeffery, James A. Jones, Joseph L. Jung, Charles F. Kaplan, Jonathan Kaplan, Martin C. Kaufman, Karen S. Kaufman, Nathan E. Kendall, Elizabeth A. Kim, Sei Hee King, Charles H. Lake, Anthony Lapatovich, Walter A. Laurenson, Robert C. Lee, Robert S. Leverenz, Ellen L. Liebschutz, Jack Lindquist, James B. Look, Yum H. Lowenhaupt, Manuel T. Lowry, Michael R. Macklem, David M. Mason, Andrew H. McDonough, David F. Menhard, Henry R. Meyer, Edwin R. Mitchell, H. Clyde Mitchell, Marian L. Moberly, David Murotake, David K. Nagase, Masato Nigro, Georgia N. Offner, Kurt W. Olsen, Thomas Orellana, Stephanie A. O'Toole James F. Palmer, Fredrick J. Pajer, Gary Perlstein, Yvonne C. Perry, Linda C. Perry, Roger R. Picard, Leonard Pires, Antonio C. Rabinovici, Mark S. Raji, Latif A. G. Razdow, Allen M. Reisberg, Stephen A. Rhymes, Jill A. R. Richman, Vincent V. Roberts, Christopher B. Roberts, Dana L. Ross, Warren S. Rubenstein, Kenneth Rubin, Lawrence M. Russell, Jimmie L. Sabatine, Philip J. Sachs, Josef T. Sanchez, Ricardo L. Schaffer, Eric J. Schein, Raphael T. Scher, Gary M. Schick, Irwin C. Schultz, Jane A. Schulz, Peter A. Seidman, Roberta J. Seligson, Daniel A. Shafer, Richard A. Shure, Loren Silverston, Cary Simon, Robert P. Slesinger, Steven W. Smith, Albert G. Solbrig, Marylou V. Solis, Michael A. Sperber, Berndt R. Steffes, Paul G. Stein, Robert A. Strasberger, Allen Strauss, David W. Swann, Dana A. Sweer, Leon W. Szymkowiak, Andrew E. Takvorian, Carol Rose Taller, Jay B. Terry, Paul W. Toner, John Tyndall, Joseph S. Valle, Jose L. Velasquez, Roberto Vidic, Thomas R. Wade, Donald A. Walton, James J. Wan, John C. Weisberg, Andrew H. White, Jonathan C. Wicke, Roger W. Winful, Herbert Wolinsky, Murray A. Wong, Wallace K-F. Woo, Junior K. C. Wynn, Terry Young, Carl S. Young, David H. Yue, Charles S-K. Zimmerman, David M. Administrative Staff Amdur, Alice S. Bella, Charles J. Duffy, Donald F. Hewitt, John H. Keyes, Richard V., 341 McCarthy, Barbara L. Smith, Paul L. Jr. PERSONNEL Support Personnel Aalerud, Robert W. Alpert, Melvin Audette, Alfred G. Barron, Gladys Barrows, Francis W. Bella, Rose Carol Berg, Arthur E. Bloomer, Margaret R. Brill, Sarah L. Bunick, Frank J. Cabral, Manuel, Jr. Cahill, Joyce H. Carter, Charles E. Carter, James M. Casella, Barbara J. Chartres, J. Margaret Chase, Arbella P. Clarke, Emerson L. Collier, M. Helene Connolly, John T. Cook, John F. DeGuzman, Patricia C. Doucette, Wilfred F. Dufault, Francis X. Duquette, Bruce E. Eccles, Miriam R. Edelman, Monica E. Ellis, Holly W. Farkas, Howard Fitzgerald, Edward W., Jr. Foster, Stella J. Fownes, Marilyn R. Frankel, Arthur E. Garabieta, Ignacio Gay, Harry D. Geary, Brian W. Gerolamo, Jerry Grande, Esther D. Guberman, Joseph Haggerty, Robert H. Haghayeghi, Hamid R. Hall, Kyra M. Handel, Phyllis L. Hsia, Doris T-H. Hughes, Martin O. Kaloyanides, Venetia Keefe, John B. Kelley, Frances A. Kelly, Mark A. Kodish, Hedy Kopf, Cynthia Y. Lauricella, Deborah A. Lauricella, Virginia R. Leach, George H., Jr. Lewis, Ionia D. Liljeholm, Frederick H. Lorden, Gerald J. Lucas, William G. Lyall, Neena MacElree, Ellen W. Marshall, Rudolph Mason, Martha J. 342 Mastovsky, Ivan McAvenia, Gloria M. McDowell, Patricia L. Mitchell, Joseph E. Montesano, Eleanor E. Muollo, Ralph E. Muse, William J. Naus, Gregory J. Nelson, Sylvia A. North, Donald K. O'Brien, Neva M. Ohm, Horace U. Pastore, Anthony J. Peck, John S. Peters, Nancy M. Reimann, Walter Rettman, Kenneth F. Rice, Dianne D. Riley, Joseph F. Scalleri, Mary S. Serini, Ann G. Sharib, George Sianez, Yolanda G. Sincuk, Joseph, Jr. Smith, Clare F. Taylor, Martha L. Thibodeau, Donald S. Tortolano, Antonio J. Us, Denise M. Wilker, Bonni A. Young, Nancy E.