Module Overview Title: Reading for Thinking and Learning - "Read the Chapter Then Answer the Questions...NOT!" Target Audience: Teachers, grades 4 and up Length of Training: 6 hours Goal of Lesson: At the completion of this module, teachers should be able to show their students how to set a purpose for reading, design lessons that address student needs before, during, and after reading, and foster the development of vocabulary. Action Plan: The following activities will provide teachers with strategies to help students before, during, and after they read. The activities should be done in the order in which they are listed. If the training must be delivered in smaller chunks, the logical chunks are Activities 1-7, Activities 8-14, and Activities 15-22. ACTIVITY 1: Knowledge Rating - You will describe your expertise with a variety of reading strategies. ACTIVITY 2: Setting a Purpose for Reading - You will read a passage, then reread it with a specific purpose and compare the knowledge you gained and the strategies you used. ACTIVITY 3: Anticipation Guide - You will learn how a simple set of statements can set a purpose and motivate students to read. ACTIVITY 4: KWL Chart and Read Aloud - This graphic organizer can be used to help students focus on specific information in text. Read Aloud will provide your students with valuable prior knowledge. ACTIVITY 5: THIEVES- Strategy for Previewing Text - Help your students "steal" meaning from their text by using this strategy. ACTIVITY 6: Reading Strategy for Non-fiction Text - This Mental Model will help students look at their text in a new way. ACTIVITY 7: Choose & Use a Before Reading Strategy - In this activity you will reflect on the pre-reading strategies from activities 1-6 and plan for implementation in your classroom. ACTIVITY 8: Think Aloud - You will learn how to let students see what you are thinking as you interact with text. ACTIVITY 9: Double Entry Journal or Two Column Notes - These strategies help students understand text by allowing them to "note" their questions or comments as they read. ACTIVITY 10: Paired Reading - Having students read with a partner requires more concentration than having one class member read while the others listen. Learn some hints for implementing this strategy. ACTIVITY 11: Learning Tree - This graphic organizer can be used to create a study guide for any chapter of text. ACTIVITY 12: Question Bookmark Using Bloom's Taxonomy - You will see examples of higher order thinking questions to use with your students. ACTIVITY 13: Structured Note Taking - Help your students decide what is important in text by using this strategy. ACTIVITY 14: Choose & Use a During Reading Strategy - In this activity you will reflect on the during reading strategies from activities 8-13 and plan for implementation in your classroom. ACTIVITY 15: Response Sheet - Help your students reflect on their reading by using this strategy. ACTIVITY 16: AlphaBoxes - Use this graphic organizer to review concepts and vocabulary covered in a text chapter or unit. ACTIVITY 17: Questioning - Students can reflect on their reading by asking and answering reflective questions. ACTIVITY 18: Discussion Web - Use this graphic organizer to foster a deep reflection on an issue from the text. ACTIVITY 19: Exit Slip - Hold your students accountable for describing what they learned in class today by using this strategy. ACTIVITY 20: Mind Map - Use this graphic organizer to see if students really understand major literary characters or famous people in history. ACTIVITY 21: Choose & Use an After Reading Strategy - In this activity you will reflect on the after reading strategies from activities 15-20 and plan for implementation in your classroom. ACTIVITY 22: Wrap Up - You will compare your Knowledge Rating from Activity 1 with what you now know. Facilitator’s Notes: 1. Facilitators will introduce themselves and give pertinent background information and then have the participants introduce themselves. 2. Activities #1 and #2 are strategies for the participants to do in order for the facilitators to get an idea as to how knowledgeable the participants are with the strategies to be presented in the session. 3. Facilitators could have the participants share their answers from the knowledgerating sheet, listing the ones the participants know well in one column and the other two respectively. The session may be modified, for example, if all the participants know one of the strategies well, then the facilitator may not spend as much time on it and may stress the ones not known. 4. The other activities were selected by the cadre members working on this module because these activities may be adapted in any content area. Training Developed by: West Virginia Middle Level Education Cadre Resources: Allen, J. (1999). Words, words, words: Teaching vocabulary in grades 4-12. Portland, ME: Stenhouse Publishers. Allen, J. (2000). Yellow brick roads: Shared and guided paths to Independent reading 4-12. Portland, ME: Stenhouse Publishers. Alvermann, D. (1991). The discussion web: A graphic aid for learning across the curriculum. The Reading Teacher, 45(2), 92-99. Anfara, Jr., V.A. (2001). The handbook of research in middle level education. Greenwich, CT: Information Age Publishing. Atwell, N. (1987). In the middle: Writing, reading, and learning with adolescents. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. Beck, I., & McKeown. (1991). Conditions of vocabulary acquisition. In R. Barr, M.L. Kamil, P. Mosenthal, and P.D. Pearson (Eds.), Handbook of reading research (Vol. II) (pp. 789-814). New York: Longman. Beers, K. (2003). When kids can't read what teachers can do: A guide for teachers 6-12. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. Bromley, K., Irwin-De Vitis, L., & Modlo, M. (1995). Graphic Organizers. New York: Scholastic. Brozo, W.G., & Simpson, M.L. (1995). Readers, teachers, learners (2nd ed.). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Merrill. Chapman, C., & King, R. (2003). Differentiated instructional strategies for reading in the content areas. Thousand Oaks, CA: Corwin Press, Inc. Cramer, E.H. (1992). Mental imagery and reading (Literacy Series No. 1). Bloomington, IL: Illinois Reading Council. Cunningham, J.W., Cunningham, P.M., & Arthur, S.V. (1981). Middle and secondary school reading. New York: Longman. Davey, B. (1983). 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Lamberg, W.J., & Lamb, C.E. (1980). Reading instruction in the content areas. Geneva, IL: Houghton Mifflin. Lenski, S.D., Wham, M.A., & Johns, J.L. (1999). Reading & learning strategies for middle and high school students. Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt. Lewin, L. (2003). Paving the way in reading and writing: Strategies and activities to support struggling readers in grades 6-12. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass. Maria, K., & Hathaway, K. Using think alouds with teachers to develop awareness of reading strategies. Journal of Reading, 37(1), 12-18. Moore, D.W., Alvermann, D.E., & Hinchman, K.A. (Eds.). (2000). Struggling adolescent readers: A collection of reading strategies. Newark, DE: International Reading Association. Morretta, T.M., & Ambrosini, M. (2000). Practical approaches for teaching reading and writing in middle schools. Newark, DE: International Reading Association. Ogle, D.M. (1989). The know, want to know, learn strategy. In K.D. Muth (Ed.), Children's comprehension of text (pp. 205-223). Newark, DE: International Reading Association. Paris, S.C., Wasik, B.A., & Turner, J.C. (1991). The development of strategic readers. In R. Barr, M.L. Kamil, P. Mosenthal, and P.D. Pearson (Eds.), Handbook of reading research (Vol. II) (pp. 609640). New York: Longman. Rasinski, T. & Padak, N. (2000). Effective reading strategies: Teaching children who find reading difficult. Columbus, OH: Merrill. Readence, J.E., Bean, T.W., & Baldwin, R.S. (1992). Content area reading (4th ed.) . Dubuque: IA: Kendall/Hunt. Robb, L. (2000). Teaching reading in middle school: A strategic approach to reading that improves comprehension and thinking. New York: Scholastic, Inc. Ruddell, M.R. (1993). Teaching content reading and writing. Needham Hts., MA: Allyn & Bacon. Sadler, C.R. (2001). Comprehension strategies for middle grade learners: A handbook for content area teachers. Newark, DE: International Reading Association. Schulz, A.R. (1998). Supporting Intermediate and Secondary Readers. Costa Mesa, CA: California Reading Association. Thompkins, G.E., & Hoskisson, K. (1991). Language arts: Content and teaching strategies. New York: Macmillan. Tiedt, I.M. (2000). Teaching with picture books in the middle school. Newark, DE: International Reading Association. Tovani, C. (2000). I read it, but I don't get it: Comprehension strategies for adolescent readers. Portland, ME: Stenhouse. Vacca, R.T., & Vacca, J.L. (1996). Content area reading (5th ed.). New York: HarperCollins. Wood, K.D., & Dickinson, T.S. (2000). Promoting literacy in grades 4-9. Needham Hts., MA: Allyn & Bacon.