Women in STEM Fields:
Bachelors Degrees
0.7"
0.6"
0.5"
Biology"
Chemistry"
Math"&"Stats"
Earth"Sciences"
Physics"
Engineering"
All"Bachelor's"Degrees"
0.4"
0.3"
0.2"
0.1"
Source:"NCES/IPEDS"
0"
1965"
1970"
www.aps.org
1975"
1980"
1985"
1990"
1995"
2000"
2005"
2010"
©2016, American Physical Society; Email: hodapp@aps.org
2015"
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Women in STEM Fields:
Doctoral Degrees
60%#
Biology#
Geosciences#
Chemistry#
Math#&#Stats#
Engineering#
Physics#
All#PhDs#
50%#
40%#
30%#
20%#
10%#
Source:#NCES/IPEDS#
0%#
1966#
www.aps.org
1976#
1986#
1996#
2006#
©2016, American Physical Society; Email: hodapp@aps.org
2
Women in Physics
25%#
Bachelor#
Doctorate#
PostDoctorate#
Assistant#
Associate#
Full#
20%#
15%#
10%#
5%#
Source: IPEDS, AIP SRC
0%#
1965# 1970# 1975# 1980# 1985# 1990# 1995# 2000# 2005# 2010#
www.aps.org
©2016, American Physical Society; Email: hodapp@aps.org
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Women in Physics
25%#
20%#
15%#
10%#
5%#
Bachelor#
Doctorate#
Assistant#
Associate#
Full#
PhD:#BS#+8#
Asst.:#PhD#+4#
Assoc.:#Asst.#+6#
Full:#Assoc.#+14#
#
Source:#IPEDS,#AIP#SRC#
0%#
1965# 1970# 1975# 1980# 1985# 1990# 1995# 2000# 2005# 2010#
www.aps.org
©2016, American Physical Society; Email: hodapp@aps.org
4
Issues Facing Women in
Physics (and other fields)
•  Unconscious Bias (https://implicit.harvard.edu)
•  Imposter Syndrome
•  Harassment
•  Stereotype Threat
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5
Stereotype Threat
The experience of anxiety in a situation where a
person has the potential to confirm a negative
stereotype about their social group
•  Math performance (Male vs. Female)
•  Intelligence (Black vs. White)
•  Memory (old vs. young)
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6
Gender in Perceived
Math Ability
Female and Male students given a difficult math
examination. All students have high math ability.
•  Half told it produces gender differentiated
scores
•  Half told it does not produce gender
differentiated scores
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Gender in Perceived
Math Ability
Score"Corrected"for"Guessing"
30"
Male"
25"
Female"
20"
15"
10"
5"
0"
Gender"Difference"
No"Gender"Difference"
Spencer,"Steel,"and"Quinn,"Journal"of"Experimental"Social"Psychology"35,$4–28"(1999)"
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©2016, American Physical Society; Email: hodapp@aps.org
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Physics GRE:
Impact of Cutoff Scores
1.00#
0.90#
Frac1on#(F)#
0.80#
Frac1on#(M)#
0.70#
0.60#
0.50#
0.46 (M)
0.40#
0.30#
0.25 (F)
0.20#
0.10#
0.00#
400#
www.aps.org
650
500#
600#
700#
800#
900#
1000#
Source: ETS
©2016, American Physical Society; Email: hodapp@aps.org
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Percentage of Women in Physics
50%#
Sources:#NCES/IPEDS,#AIPGSRC,#HERI#
45%#
40%#
35%#
30%#
25%#
20%#
15%#
10%#
5%#
0%#
High#School#
www.aps.org
College#
Entrance#
BS####(degree)# PhD#(degree)#
Assistant#
Professor#
Associate#
Professor#
©2016, American Physical Society; Email: hodapp@aps.org
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