ReconnaissanceReport
Brush Heap Mine
KingstonMining
District
S i e r r a County, New Mexico
By :
R'obbrt W. E v e l e t h
MiningEngirieer
Robert M. North
Mineralogist
.
NMBM&MR, May, 1 9 8 0
ReconnaissanceReport
Brush Heap Mine
Kingston Mining D i s t r i c t
S i e r r a C o u n t y , New Mexico
Introduction
.
.
..
;___.
. . ... . .
. .,
The mine commonly r e f e r r e d t o as t h e B r u s h
t h r e ep a t e n t e dl o d em i n i n g
Heap; M . S .
798B
Andy
claims as f o l l o w s :
Johnson; M.S.
Brush
metal p r i c e s , w i t h
a t t h e $10 t o $20 and
$ 5 0 0 t o $ 6 0 0 p e ro u n c er a n g e ,r e s p e c t i v e l y ,t h i s
g e n e 7 a t e L d d e r a b l ei n t e r e s t .
M.S.
798A
799 Black Eyed Susan.Largely
as a resulLof the recent s u r g e i n p r e c i o u s
s i l v e r a n dg o l da p p a r e n t l ys t a b l e
Heap c o n s i s t s of
area h a s
Two i n q u i r i e sr e g a r d i n gt h e
Brush Heap group i n p a r t i c u l a r were r e c e i v e d by t h i s o f f i c e
d u r i n g March,1980.
,The s i t e was t h e r e f o r e v i s i t e d
by t h e
a u t h o r s on A p r i l 25, t o determine e x a c t l o c a t i o n , a c c e s s i b i l i t y ,
o w n e r s h i p ,c o n d i t i o n
o'f w o r k i n g s , a n d o t h e r p e r t i n e n t d a t a .
Ownership
-
Stiiaron Steel C o r p o r a t i o n( p r e v i o u s l y
a/k/a
U.S.
Smelting,Refining,andMining
U.V.
Industries,
Company), P.O.
Box 4 0 6 ,
Hanover, N e w Mexico 8 8 0 4 1 p r e s e n t l y owns a n u n d i v i d e d o n e - f i f t h
( 1 / 5 )i n t e r e s ti nt h eg r o u p .O t h e ro w n e r s ,
f o rt h ep r e s e n tr e p o r t .
included in
Location
and
were n o t determined
Remainingownershipdata
a supplementaryreport
w i l l be
when a v a i l a b l e .
Access
The claims are l o c a t e d on t h e n o r t h s l o p e o f
separatingLadronGulchandMiddlePerchaCreekabout
a ridge
a mile
2
west
-
northwestofKingston.
o f T16S, R9W,
i n an area c o r r e s p o n d i n gt o
Theseandother
enlargementof
A road
They l i e i na nu n s u r v e y e dp o r t i o n
sections 1 2 and 13.
claims i n t h e area are shown i n f i g .
1, an
a portionoftheHillsboro15minutequadrangle.
.from Kingston
t o Ladrori"'Gu1chprovided
access i n y e a r s
i s now b l o c k e d b y p r i v a t e d w e l l i n g s a n d l o c k e d g a t e s .
past but
The minescanbereached
by d r i v i n g t o t h e C a l a m i t y J a n e T u n n e l
(#l, f i g . 1) on MiddlePerchaCreekandthenhiking
up t h e
r i d g e t o a prominent dump (#2, f i g . 1) where a p r i m i t i v e r o a d
e n c o u n t e r e d .T h i sr o a dc o n t i n u e s
turnsback
up t h e r i d g e t o
t o the northwesttowardthe
Eyed Susanand
i s doubtless the
brought i n and ore shipped out
T h i sh y p o t h e s i s
close bymostof
a s a d d l et h e n
Andy JohnsonandBlack
r o u t e by which materials were
i n theearlydaysofmining.
i s s u p p o r t e d by t h e f a c t t h a t t h e r o a d p a s s e s
theoldersurfaceworkings
and Andy Johnson claims ( t h e B l a c k
on t h e Brush Heap
Eyed Susan claim was n o t
visited).
The mainBrush
seenthroughthe
Heap workings ( # 3 , f i g . 1) c a nj u s tb e
trees n o r t h w e s t o f t h e s a d d l e
on t h i s r o a d .
The three claims are surrounded by s e v e r a l o t h e r m i n e r a l
s u r v e y s .T h i sd a t a
i s summarized i n t a b l e
1.
HistoryandProduction
L i t t l e has been written regarding the properties in the
past.
access.
The few r e f e r e n c e se x t a n t
are scarce and d i f f i c u l t of
The d a t a i s t h e r e f o r e summarizedbelow.
is
Table 1.
Mineralsurveys
and p a t e n t s i n
Mineral
Survey i/
Name(s) patent)
of time(at
452
Illinois
559
Louisville
616
Independence
617
L i t t l e Stephen
620
U.S.
674
Eclipse
Ladron Gulch/Brush Heap Area
i/
11911
4/19/87
15.76
22211
11/2/92
14.76
21571
7/1/92
15.99
23441
10/2/93
12.67
English & American
Mining Co.
17258
2/7/91
18.6976
Eclipse Silver Mining
19617
2/6/92
18.61
19310
1/8/92
19.3652
IllinoisSilver,Mining.
and Milling do.
.
Acreage
Date
H.C.
Collins
Ladron Gulch Mining Co.
11
co.
al.
,798A
Brush Heap
H.W.
Elliot,et
798B
Andy Johnson
H.W.
E l l i o t , et a l .
19 311
1/8/92
19.8041
799
Black Eyed Susan
H.W.
E l l i o t ,e ta l .
19309
1/8/92
17.81k5
837
Lochiel
J.H.
Tracy
22121
10/18/92
8 38
L i t t l e Chief
J.H.
Tracy
21970
9/24/92
13.07
839
Susan Jane
J.H.
Tracy
22029
10/1/92
19.86
929
Saratoga
I l l i n o i s S i l v e r Mining
and Milling Co.
24248
4/18/94
9.38
992
Good Will
Elizabeth P. Haynes
29910
10/1/98
19.3585
'
.
1,
Samos
1464
Atlas Grou-p-1/
1525
N.Y.
Group-2 1
It
Cony T. Brown
rejected
Cony T. Brown
433092
4.71
11
9/24/14
184.898
43.467
Group includes Atlas, TallPine,Peerless,Matchless,
Climax, I n d i c a t o r ,
S a t i s f a c t i o n , B e l Burke, Bel Burke Extension, and Pride of t h e Camp
2/
Group includes N.Y.,
N.Y.
No. 1,' Johnny
3
According t o F a y e t t e Jones ( 1 9 0 4 , p.95,
961, " t h e r e were
two p a r t i e s o f .. p- r o s p e c t o r s who f i r s t e n t e r e d t h e Black Range
district
... a t the
p r e s e n t s i t e of Kingston
... i n t h e
iatter
p a r t of October,1880."
Dan Cameron, Jim
The .first
p a r t y i n c l u d e d F r a n k p.i..t c h e ..r ,.
. .
Wilson,and
H.W.
some o ft h e
A f t e rt h e yh a ds t a k e d
Elliot.
e a r l i e r l o c a t i o n s , such as t h e I r o n King (M.S. 394A) andEmpire,
"theBrush
Heao [was l o c a t e d ] by a l a t e a r r i v a l h a v i n gt h e
of J o h n s o n " , ( J o n e s , 1 9 0 4 , p. 9 6 ) .
Forbesand
name
Two o ft h ef i r s tp a r t y ,
E l l i o t , s u b s e q u e n t l yl o c a t e dt h e
Andy Johnsonand
Black Eyed Susan and apparently gained control of the Brush
27).
Heap fromJohnson(Greene,1883,p.
Burchard(1882,p.
348), i n h i s r e p o r t f o r '
"The Andy Johnson i s a n e x t e n s i o n o f t h e I r o n
developed by several shafts.&'
contactveinbetween
mine.
Kinq
... I t
withthe
same c h a r a c t e r
'The Brush Heap i s a mostpromising
"
A y e a r l a t e r , t h e BrushHeap,,AndyJohnson,Black
S u s a n ,a n do t h e r s
were still 'promising'mines.
(1883, p. 2 7 , 28)described
d i s c o v e r yo f[ t h e s e ]
them,veryhighassays
B u t Greene
them i n g r e a t e r d e t a i l ,
"The
ever
d i s t r i c t , as from ore f o u n d w i t h i n
'were o b t a i n e d . "
t h e Andy Johnson was o r i g i n a l l y t h o u g h t
Of t h e t h r e e
t o bethe
p r o s p e c ta n dr e c e i v e dt h em a j o r i t yo fa t t e n t i o n .G r e e n e
ofthese"shafts"appear
/ a c t u a l l y" s h a l e "
Eyed
was t h e c a u s e o f t h e f i r s t e x c i t e m e n t
e x p e r i e n c e d by t h e P e r c h a
L'most
is
The Black Eyed Susan i s a l s o a
lime and s l a t e /
of ore as t h e Andy Johnson.
1882 s t a t e d ,
to be prospect pits
claims,
most promising
4
c o n t i n u e d , "It has been opened
deepand
on t h e v e i n by a s h a f t 115 f e e t
at thirty feet
two levels r u n on t h e v e i n , o n e
from t h e
The ore throughout
.. .
w i l l average
surface and one from the bottom.
~
thirty inches in thickness and ranges in value from
$10 t o $1,000
I
per t o n ... . N o. . g ..e n e r a l a v e r a g e , o f t.h.e..v e .i..n.. _.'. .. .: was^ e v e r t a k e n b u t
.,,
...
a s s o r t e d l o t s m i l l upwards o f $ 1 0 0 p e r t o n
The Andy Johnson
w a s t h e f i r s t mine i n t h e d i s t r i c t t o g i v e a h i g h a s s a y r e t u r n ,
a p i e c eo f ft h eo u t c r o pg o i n g
$750 [ p e rt o n ] . "
(See, forexample,
NMBM&MR sample # 4 , Table 2 . )
The Black Eyed SusanandBrush
Heap were much less developed
The former w a s "opened
a t t h i s time, t h e l a t t e r least o f a l l .
by a n a d i t t w e n t y y f i v e f e e t
t h r e ef e e t
andfrom
i n lengthshowingorefrom
wide t h e whole d i s t a n c e .
I t averages $ 5 0 . 0 0
t h i r t yt of o r t yp e r c e n ti nl e a d . "
open c u t , s i x
f e e t wideand
by t e n f e e t .
filledwith
assayshavebeenhad
insilver
The Brush Heap [was]
"opened i n several p l a c e s on t h e s u r f a c e , t h e p r i n c i p l e
b e i n ga n
two t o
is fully six
The v e i nh e r e
ore from w a l l t o wall.
from o r e o u t o f t h i s
work
Some v e r y h i g h
mine, b u t t h e g e n e r a l
a v e r a g e , as determined by a c t u a l tests made by ' d i s i n t e r e s t e d
p a r t i e s i s $ 6 1 . 0 0 i ns i l v e r . "( G r e e n e ,1 8 8 3 , , p .
The r a t h e r l a r g e
28).
dump w h i c h c a n p r e s e n t l y b e s e e n
Andy J o h n s o n ( a p p a r e n t l y n o t
on t h e
shown on t h e map) c o u l d e a s i l y
a c c o u n tf o rt h ed e v e l o p m e n td e s c r i b e d
work a p p e a r s t o h a v e b e e n d o n e e x c e p t f o r
byGreene.
Little other
numerous s u r f a c e c u t s
andanoccasional.openstope,oneof
which was mined t o a d e p t h
of 25 feet o r more.
1% t o 3 f t . wide a t t h i s
The narrowvein,
point,hadbeencarefullymined,both
the h a n g i n g a n d f o o t w a l l s
5
r e m a i n i n gi n t a c t .
Remains o f a l a d d e r were e n c o u n t e r e d some
30 f t . from t h e i n c l i n e d
entrance; it l e d 1 0 t o 15 f t . down
i n t o a wide opening, possibly
vein.
a mined o u t wide s p o t i n t h e
T h i so p e n i n gc o u l dp o s s i b l yc o n n e c tw i t ht h e
workingsabout
r o p e ,t h i s
However, f o r t h el a c k
1 0 0 f e e td i s t a n t .
w a s n o td e t e r m i n e d .
Andy Johnson
of a
The numerous s u r f a c ec u t s
still
v i s i b l e are testimony t o t h e i n t e n s i v e p r o s p e c t i n g d u r i n g t h e
f i r s t f e w yearsofmining.
among o t h e r p r o p e r t i e s , 'was
By 1885,theBrushHeap,
" s h i p p i n g s i l v e r ore i n p a y i n g q u a n t i t i e s "
(Kimball, 1885,p.
172).
i n t h ea b o v er e p o r t ,
A l t h o u g hn o ts p e c i f i c a l l ym e n t i o n e d
it i s l i k e l y , f r o m t h e f o l l o w i n g , t h a t t h e
'among o t h e rp r o p e r t i e s ' :
"The g r e a t e s tp r o d u c e r s[ i nt h e
K i n g s t o nd i s t r i c t ]h a v eb e e nt h e
Heap,Black
Andy Johnson,Bullion,Brush
C o l t , Comstock,Caledonia,
andTemplar"(Kimball,1887,.p.
TheBrush
Lady F r a n k l i n , Log Cabin,
233).
Heap i n f a c t c o n t i n u e d t o b e
the district until
a major producer
s i l v e r market.
s i l v e r and t h e s u d d e n c r a s h
How much s i l v e r a n do t h e r
produced by t h e mine i s p r e s e n t l y unknown.The
ofany
maps, r e p o r t s , smelter s e t t l e m e n t s h e e t s
f r o mt h ee a r l yd a y s
metals were
a u t h o r s are unaware
or otherdocuments
of m i n i n g : t h u s , n o e x a c t f i g u r e s
a s s i g n e d t o t h ep r o p e r t y .
may be
There are some c l u e s , however.
The e n t i r e K i n g s t o n d i s t r i c t
of $ 6 , 2 5 0 , 0 0 0
in
1893 when most, i f n o t a l l , o f t h e m i n e s c l o s e d
as a r e s u l t o f t h e d e m o n i t i z a t i o n o f
ofthe
Andy Johnson was
i s creditedwith
a production
through 1 9 0 4 (Jones, 1 9 0 4 , p. 9 8 ) ,m o s to fw h i c h
w a s mined p r i o r t o 1894.
A n o t ei nt h eB u l l i o n
(Longuemare,
6
1891,p.
3) o f f e r st h ef o l l o w i n g :
thesuperintendencyofThos.
"TheBrush
c o n t i n u e @ t o make i t s
S. O ' N e a l ,
$ 1 0 , 0 0 0 p e r month since
output of mineral and has produced about
June,1890."
Heap Mine, under
The item w a s datedAugust
2 7 , 1 8 9 1a n dt h u s
a t l e a s t 1 4 months, or i f t h e f i g u r e s
p r e s e n t e d a time spanof
are a c c u r a t e a, p p r o x i m a t e l y
$140,000.
Hedlund
(1977,
t h e Andy Johnson/Brush Heap mines may haveproduced
500,000ounces
re-
p t . 2) s a y s
as much as
of s i l v e r .
The a u t h o r s draw t h ef o l l o w i n gc o n c l u s i o n s :s i n c et h e
was producingsilverinpayingquantitiesby1885,
thebestproducers
mine
w a s among
two y e a r s l a t e r , and was producing a t t h e r a t e
of $ 1 0 , 0 0 0 p e r month bymid-1890,Hedlund's
f i g u r e i s probably
acceptable.
Geology
and
Mineralogy
The o r e d e p o s i t s o f t h e K i n g s t o n d i s t r i c t
are predominantly
veinsandreplacementdepositsinPaleozoicsedimentaryrocks.
The s t r a t i g r a p h i c s e q u e n c e o f t h e s e r o c k s i n t h e
area i s as
follows:
-
Age
Formation
Permian
Pennsylvanian
Mississippian
Devonian
Silurian
Ordovician
Ab0
Magdalena Group
Kelly/Lake Valley
Percha
Fusse1.man
Montoya Group
Rock Type
sandstone,mudstone
l i m e s t o n e ,s h a l e
limestone
shale
dolomite
d o l o m i t e ,c h e r t ,
sandstone
limestone
E l Paso
Cambrian
Bliss
sandstone
7
3
t o t h e east
T h i sP a l e o z o i cs e q u e n c ed i p sm o d e r a t e l y
t o 40°,
from 10'
and i s c u t bynumeroushigh-angle
-
southeast
faults.
They i n t u r n are o v e r l a i n b y C r e t a c e o u s a n d T e r t i a r y s e d i m e n t s
and volcanics i n t r u d e d by C r e t a c e o u s s t o c k s a n d T e r t i a r y d i k e s
t o Hedlund ( 1 9 7 5 , p. 16), "The s i l v e r -
andplugs.According
bearingbase
ageand
metal d e p o s i t s are p r i m a r i l y o f m i d d l e T e r t i a r y
are l o c a t e d a l o n g major n o r t h
f a u l t s . "T h i s
would i n d i c a t e t h e
-
northwest striking
ore d e p o s i t s a r e a s s o c i a t e d
with Tertiary volcanism and possibly with
earlier Cretaceous
plutonism.
No Permian o r Cretaceous rocks are exposed i n Ladron
Gulch.
The youngestrocks
are Lake V a l l e yL i m e s t o n eo v e r l y i n g
PerchaShaleandFusselmanDolomite(fig.
' >*
.<
The most i m p o r t adnetp o s i t s
2).
are bedding
replacement
and
v e i n si nt h eF u s s e l m a n ;t h o s ei nt h eB r u s h
Heap-Andy Johnson
area are foundalongtheFusselman-Perchacontact.
Here, h o t
mineralizing'solutions rising through the Fusselman or
were l o c a l i z e d by t h e impermeablePercha.
channeledalongfaults
Otherdepositsoccuralongmajorfaultsinthe
notablytheLadronfault
(fig. 2 ) .
and I r o n King f a u l t t o t h e n o r t h
Ore m i n e r a l so b s e r v e di n c l u d e da r g e n t i f e r o u sg a l e n a ,
s p h a l e r i t e ,p y r i t e ,
and c h a l c o p y r i t e .O t h e r sr e p o r t e d
Hedlund b u t n o t o b s e r v e d
a n dp o l y b a s i t e .
and t a l c .
area, most
by
by the a u t h o r s i n c l u d e c e r a r g y r i t e ,
Gangue m i n e r a l so b s e r v e d
were q u a r t z , c a l c i t e ,
8
Four grabsampleschosen
to represent different rock types
were c o l l e c t e d f o r a n a l y s i s f r o m t h e B r u s h
i t s a p p a r e n t low manganese c o n t e n t ;
Sample 1 w a s chosenbecauseof
it was composed o f q u a r t z ,
w i t hm i n o rp y r i t e .
Heap dump ( t a b l e 2 ) .
c a l c i t e , a n dd o l o m i t ea s s o c i a t e d
Sample 2 w a s chosenbecauseof
i t s apparent
h i g h manganese c o n t e n t ; it was l a r g e l y q u a r t z , d o l o m i t e ,
o x i d e sa n dp y r i t e .
limestone.
Sample 3 was a l m o s te n t i r e l y
I t a s s a y e dv e r y
manganese
c a l c i t e and
low i n s i l v e r as e x p e c t e d .
Sample 4
was composed o f p y r i t e , m a l a c h i t e , a n d q u a r t z a n d m o s t l i k e l y
representedthehighgradeportionofthereplacementore
body.
as i t s s i l v e r
It doubtless contained unobserved silver minerals,
c o n t e n t was s u r p r i s i n g l yh i g h ,G r e e n e ' sm e n t i o no f
$750 t o
see Harley,1934,
$1,000 p e r t o n a s s a y s n o t w i t h s t a n d i n g ( a l s o
p. 1 0 3 ) .
Severalsurface
c u t s alongtheLadronfault
Johnson were examined.These
c u t s c o n t a i n e dt h i n
veinletsoflocallyabundantmalachite
s t o p e dt o
on t h e Andy
seams and
and were o c c a s i o n a l l y
some d e p t h as d e s c r i b e d e a r l i e r .
A sampleof
m a l a c h i t e was c o l l e c t e d f o r a n a l y s e s b u t r e s u l t s
the
were n o t
a v a i l a b l e a t time o f w r i t i n g .
A l l samples were a n a l y s e d by f i r e a s s a y f o r g o l d
and s i l v e r ;
Amounts shown do not necessarily indicate tenor of remaining ore, if any.
Table 2
Sample #
Au, oz/ton
3
-
4
-
1
2
Ag, oz/ton
6.58
7.7%
0.17
582.72
9
The absence of gold in all four
of these samples was surprising.
Most of the production through 1904 was silver, however (Harley,
1934, p. 102).
total
This is further demonstrated by the fact that
silver
produced
amounted to 67,940
in
ounces
the
district
whereas
gold
between
amounted
1934
to
and
1957
only
124 ounces or 0.18% (Howard, 1967,p. 129, 130).
Condition
of
workings
The main entriesto the mines are shafts
- all caved. The
M.S. 616
only adit found is near creek level on the Independence
(#4, fig. 1). This adit is partially caved but could be opened
without difficulty. The other adit shown
on this map is actually
the
Brush
Heap
shaft.
One of the large
dumps,in Ladron Gulch is probably the
115 ft. shaft mentioned by Greene. The other and larger of the
two
dumps
is
the
Brush
Heap
shaft
which
was
doubtless
the
main
production entry. A considerable amount of early day machinery,
including furnace, boiler, steam hoist and pump, cage, etc., is
still present here (fig. 3). The presence of the pump suggests
that
significant
The
Gulch
dump
and
is
Conclusions
The
extends
was
encountered.
100 feet
over
indicative
and
Brush
water
of
down
extensive
the
slope
underground
toward
Ladron
workings.
Recommendations
Heap
Mine
closed
during
the
1890's
as
a
result
the demonitization of its primary commodity,
silver, It is likely
that
significant
ground
remains
unexplored
along
the
Fusselman-
of
Percha contact. Doubtless, some low grade ore remains in the
mine, grading perhaps 5-20 ounces silver per ton (Harley, 1934,
p. 103, 104).
The main entries are, unfortunately, caved, and would be
of re-opening the
costly to rehabilitate. The most economic means
mine
would
be:
1) Determine ownership of various patents and obtain
possession by purchase or lease.
2) Conduct an underground examination and preliminary survey
of the Independence adit.
3)
and/or
Determine proximity of above adit to Brush Heap shaft
workings.
4)
Rehabilitate and drive to intersect Brush Heap workings.
5)
If (4) not feasible, collar new adit in Ladron Gulch to
achieve
above
objective.
11
References Cited
in
Burchard, HoratioC., 1883, Production of Gold and Silver
the United States,1882, U.S. Treasury Dept., 873 p.
. Greene, Chas. W., Ed.,1883, The
Mines of Kingston, New Mexico,
Kingston Tribune, 48 p.
Harley, George T.,1934, The Geology and Ore Deposits of
10, 220 p.
Sierra County, New Mexico, NMBM&MR Bull.
Hedlund, D.C., 1975, Geologic Map of the Hillsboro Quadrangle,
Sierra
and
Grant
Map Units, U.S.G.S.
Counties,
New
Mexico,
Description
of
Open-file Report 75-108, 19 p.
Iledlund, D.C., 1977, Mineral Resources Mapof the Hillsboro
and San Lorenzo Quadrangles, Sierra and Grant Counties,
New Mexico,U.S.G.S.
Miscellaneous Field Studies Map
MF-gOOB, 2 pts.
Jones, FayetteA . ,
1904, New Mexico Mines and Minerals,
World's Fair Edition, SantaFe, 349 p.
Howard, E . V . ,
1967, Metalliferous Occurrences in New Mexico,
State Planning Office, Santa
Fe, 270 p.
Kimball, JamesP . ,
1885, annual Report of the Director of the
Mint, U.S. Treasury Department, Washington,317 p.
Kimball, James P . ,
1887, ibid, 375 p.
Longuemare, Chas., Ed., 1891, The Socorro Bullion,Vol. 19 . # 2 2 ,
9/1/91, p. 3
SupplementaryReport
#I
Brush Heap Mine
Ownership:
Ownership of t h e Brush Heap groupof
fromrecords
a t t h e S i e r r a CountyCourthouse
Owner
-
U.V.
claims was determined
-.
I n d u s t(rSi h
e sa r o n
. Percept. , I n t e r e s t
Steel)
M.J. M o f f i t t E s t a t e
Chisholm
Rupert
as follows:
20
20
20
Estate
John A. McDonald E s t a t e
20
Ramona G r i f f i t h
10
Emma T. Dougherty Estate
10
Total
10.0%
The i n t e r e s t s are undivided.
&&
Robert W. ETeleth
May 2 2 , 1 9 8 0
a.
APPENDIX A
M i n e r a l S u r v e y Plats of B r u s h H e a p , A n d y
Johnson, and Black Eyed Susan Lodes.
~
a
e
OF T H E
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m s n y p d h p 3 / 3 D .I) y
3HL N O d n
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