Climate change and Environmental
Degradation Risk and Adaptation
assessment
Step 5
adaptation
options
CEDRA helps agencies to . . .
. . . build on
existing DRR
tools and
approaches
Select adaptation options
Research adaptation options
Consult communities, local and national
government and other NGOs.
Review and amend adaptation options
from CEDRA Field Tool Checklist
Land
Likely impacts of climate change
and environmental degradation
Adaptation option
Land degradation
Maximise biodiversity, soil fertility
& land use
 Desertification eg due to overgrazing,
overintensive farming, extensive logging.
 Soil erosion eg caused by overintensive
farming and grazing.
 Land degradation due to growth or
movement of populations.
 Deforestation eg due to logging, land
clearance – including through burning forest
and shrubs.
 Land degradation can result in choking
water run-off channels and flooding.
 Loss of biodiversity eg due to overintensive
farming or changes in climate resulting in
changes in breeding or migratory routes for
flora and fauna.
Floating gardens.
Crop rotation to maintain soil quality,
minimise erosion (reducing the risk of
desertification) and plant less waterdependant crops in drier years (rotate
legumes and other crops).
Community forest management and
reforestation.
Evaluate alternatives
Discuss and
compare the
benefits of
alternative
adaptation
options with
stakeholders
Select adaptation options
PART 2: Project risk assessment (Incorporate analysis from Exercises 2.1, 3.2 and 4.1)
Sig = Significance of
impact: (4= high; 1= low) Lik= Likelihood of impact: (4= high; 1= low) Rsk= Risk = Significance X Likelihood (Multiply figures D and E)
Discuss & agree
whether to:
• adapt existing
projects
and/ or
• identify new
higher priority
projects
A
Sector(s)
B
Projects
C
CC and/or ED impacts
1.
Livelihoods
Microcredt
enterprise
2.
Agriculture
Tree
nurseries
D
E
F
Erratic rainfall could mean
enterprises fail.
4
3
12
Diversify to include enterprises that are
not all reliant on rain.
Predicted landslides mean
communities may need to relocate.
2
2
4
No action. Or possibly avoid risk by
relocating livelihood sites.
Rapid run-off is reducing soil
quality.
Changes in rainfall mean tree pests
breed faster; trees are dying. Likely
to get worse.
Alley
cropping
3
4
12
Cooperate with a local land protection
group in the local council and monitor
their progress on constructing contour
bunds to slow down water run-off and
retain soil.
4
4
16
No manageable solution could be found
regarding tree pests.
6
Local NGO, Eco-trees, have agreed to
identify and provide new tree species for
alley cropping and to monitor them for
resilience.
Trees may be susceptible to tree
pests, preventing them from
protecting crops
3
3. All sectors
4. New
sector
All
projects
New
project
2
The risk of flooding could lead to
beneficiaries’ homes being
destroyed. This may affect their
involvement in the project.
Potential impacts associated with
this project
G
Adaptation option
4
4
16
New project retrofitting homes to
strengthen them against flooding. Local
government technical officer has
provided design and has agreed to
inspect them at completion.
2
1
2
New proposed adaptation project may
itself need adapting.
A selection of Tearfund’s adaptation
work
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Market gardens
Seed banks
Alley cropping
Inter-cropping
Flood diversion channels
Evacuation plans
Tree coppicing
Advocacy
Reforestation
Livelihood diversification
Well point monitoring
Zai technique
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Replanting mangroves
Grain banks
Rainwater harvesting
Flood/ drought resistant crops
Cyclone shelters
Sustainable Water Resources
Management
Efficient wood burning stoves
Education programmes
Rainwater catchment bunds
Nomadic fixation sites
Demi-lunes
India: Rainwater catchment bunds
Forgotten practices revived
Ethiopia: Diverse Planting
Trees and plants protect each other
Kenya: Alley Cropping
Protecting & improving poor soils
Niger: Natural Reforestation
Dead forests, living roots
Burkina Faso: Demi-lunes
Niger: Nomadic fixation sites
Wells and dykes support Nomadic
fixation sites
Bangladesh: flood evacuation route
Burkina Faso: The Zai technique
Food from barren soil
India: women’s livelihoods project
Livelihood diversification
Bangladesh: Floating gardens
Adapting to floods
Burkina Faso: Community market gardens
Alternative diet
Honduras: Replanting mangroves
Coastal protection
Niger: Grain banks
Food security
India: community led response
Efficient irrigation project