NEW MEXICO BUREAU OF GEOLOGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES
NMBGMR Open-file Geologic Map 147
Last Modified 25 February 2011
A DIVISION OF NEW MEXICO INSTITUTE OF MINING AND TECHNOLOGY
107°37'30"W
107°35'0"W
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Unit of
East Red
Canyon fill of
Mt. Withington
Cauldron
Cross
Sections
Only
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Tuff of Turkey Springs Breccia
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107°32'30"W
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Qt 5
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Ted
Ter
South Canyon Tuff (Oligocene) – Phenocryst-poor to phenocryst-rich
quartz-feldspar-biotite, mostly welded ash-flow tuff. Phenocryst content
increases up-section. Subdivided into lower (Tscl (<15% phenocrysts)
and upper Tscu > 15% phenocrysts) where thickness allows. In thicker
exposures 5 units are mapped. From bottom to top these are Tsc1 base to ~8% phenocryst, Tsc2 - eight to 15% phenocryst, Tsc3 - 15%
until first occurence of deep red quartz-poor pumice, Tsc4 - from first
deep red quartz-poor pumice to base of Tsc5 which remains phenocryst
rich but no longer contains quartz. Some intervals are virtually identical
to the Turkey Springs Tuff, such that it is sometimes impossible to determine which unit is which without stratigraphic context or high-precision
geochronology.
Tsc
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Tuff of Turkey Springs
Tt
Rhyolite (Oligocene) – Feldspar phenocryst-poor rhyolite that intrudes
South Canyon Tuff and is overlain by Turkey Springs Tuff.
Trm
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Bear Trap Canyon Formation fill
of Bear Trap Canyon Cauldron
East Red dacite (Miocene – Oligocene) – dark purple dacite lavas and
intrusions containing 5 to 20 percent large plagioclase phenocrysts.
Occurs as complex intermixed zones within Ter and as discrete dikes
and small stocks throughout the South Canyon Tuff exposures in northern third of the quadrangle
Ted
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107°35'0"W
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107°37'30"W
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32
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East Red rhyolite intrusion (Miocene - Oligocene) - Rhyolite lava and
hypabyssal rhyolite containing less than ~10% phenocrysts of feldspar,
biotite, + quartz. Intrusive into and interlayered with upper members of
South Canyon Tuff. Also complexly intermixed with East Red dacite
lavas (Ted).
Ter
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25
41
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33°47'30"N
12
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Lavas
Unit of East Red Canyon (Miocene - Oligocene) – Unit of East Red
Canyon represents the caldera fill of the Mount Withington Cauldron
(cross sections only). It is represented in this quadrangle only by a rhyolite and dacite intrusive complex near Baney Park in the Northwest quadrant of the map. Other lithologies are presumed to underly Tuff of Turkey
at depth within the cauldron.
Te
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28
24
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Piedmont
Intrusive Rocks
Tt
Turkey Springs Breccia (Miocene) – Mostly non-welded rhyolite ash-flow
tuff with abundant zones of mesobreccia and megabreccia (blocks
South Canyon Tuff and minor rhyolite lava). In these exposures blocks
(mostly South Canyon Tuff) so dominate that the tuff matrix is hard to
identify. Turkey Springs Tuff often forms vitrophyric margin against the
breccia exposures. Confined in this quadrangle to east central part of
quadrangle adjacent the Northeastern caldera margin. Believed to
represent rockfall and landslides which cascaded into cauldron during
the eruption. Difficult to delineate accurately since most blocks are
South Canyon which is “very” difficult to distinguish from Turkey Springs.
Ttb
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Terraces Talus/Colluvium
Turkey Springs Tuff (Miocene) – Welded to non-welded rhyolite ash-flow
tuff containing 2-30% quartz-feldspar phenocrysts with biotite. Phenocryst content increases up-section. The tuff is typically light gray to
pink. Erupted from Bear Trap Canyon Cauldron. Base not seen within
the quadrangle.
Tts
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Alluvial Fan
Qtc
Tbrx
Beartrap Canyon Formation dacitic to andesitic dikes and intrusions
(Miocene) – Andesite to dacite lavas and intrusions containing 5 to 25%
large phenocrysts of plagioclase, biotite and hornblend.
Tbrx
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Beartrap Canyon Formation phenocryst-rich rhyolite lava and lava
domes (Miocene) – Rhyolite lava and hypabyssal rhyolite containing
greater than ~10% phenocrysts of quartz, feldspar, and biotite.
8
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Beartrap Canyon Formation, phenocryst-poor rhyolite lava and lava
domes (Miocene) – Rhyolite lava and hypabyssal rhyolite containing
less than ~10% phenocrysts of feldspar, biotite, + quartz.
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Tbt
Beartrap Canyon Formation (Miocene) – Fill of the Bear Trap Canyon
Cauldron. Volcaniclastic sandstone, conglomerate with abundant, complexly interleaved, mostly poorly welded felsic pyroclastic rocks.
Medium- to thick-bedded sandstone, pebbly sandstone, and pebblecobble-boulder conglomerate is locally matrix-supported and/or clastsupported. Some sandstone intervals that display moderate to highangle, thick-bedded cross-stratified sets suggestive of eolian deposition.
Unwelded tuffs dominate near rhyolite domes and flows and grade laterally to more sediment-rich intervals. Beartrap Canyon Formation is
lithologically very similar to the Miocene – Oligocene unit of East Red
Canyon as exposed to the south and east.
Qp2
Tsc3
6
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20
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32
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19
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55
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27
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33°47'30"N
Tt
10
25
Qtc
53
¦
Qf
28
»
12
Tt
Qf
12
»
55
15
31
Tsc4
28
•
39
10
Tbt
»
48
o
12
5
30
25
7
Qf
15
Tbr
15 15
18
19
14
Qtc
l
35
e
e
3748 000
Qf
Bear Trap Canyon Formation
Piedmont alluvium older and higher (Pleistocene - Pliocene) - Poorly to
moderately consolidated sandstone and conglomerate comprising the
main mass of piedmont alluvium throughout the map area. This, the
highest piedmont level in the area often caps higher ridges. A few areas
consist of beveled bedrock surfaces which were mapped as bedrock.
Qp1
32
Tbt
24
26
•
Tt
Qv
22
15
Qtc
16
Tb
•
58
45
•
¦
35
6
2
15
•
Tbrx
Tbt
26
56
45
Tbr
45
o
10
7
45
e
e
22
o
24
25
40
12
13
¦ ¦
15
»
Tbrx
11
18
»
45
»
14
10
17
17
Qv
Qv
Qf
19
25
l
17
»
18
Qf
Qt
26
15
30
14
•
Qv
65
o
¦
o
4
28
5
»
Qv
¦¦
25
¦ ¦
¦
o ¦¦ ¦
¦¦
¦
15
11
Tsc3
•
l
e
55
14
16
»»
18
10
Tt
30
17
12
eoo
•
12
3749 000
Qv
Extrusive Volcanic
and Sedimentary Rocks
Piedmont alluvium younger (Pleistocene - Pliocene) - Poorly to moderately consolidated sandstone and conglomerate comprising the main
mass of piedmont alluvium throughout the map area. Two main levels of
piedmont surfaces exist in the area. Qp1 the younger is inset against the
older.
Tsc4
10
5
28
Tsc1
l
Qp2
Qv
28
»
Qf
33
17
»
Tbt
»
Tt
Qf
»
18 Qf
11
13
•
Qv
¦
¦
14
Tt
15
22
»
»
Qv
14
20
Qv
17
13
»
14
25
•
o
12
»
13
oo
23
41
18
Tb
Qt
16 14
4
Qt
18
17
Tsc1
25
20
15
15
l
30
Tri
15
»
11
14
35
25
9
10
17
23
Qtc
Tsc4
7
22
5 Qtc
24
16
18
eo
11
24
Qtc
18
50
20
Tt
24
32
l
10
18
o
15
20
9
17
7
¦
Qv
o
8
Qtc
o
Qv
17
¦
l
12
5
Tt
¦o
10
48
32
o
18
Tsc3
24
Qv
14
l
•
o
Tbt
5
7
12
12
14
16
16
Qp2
Qtc
16
25
o
oe o
o
»
36
28
35
Qp2
o
o
•
•
Tbt
oe
»
Terrace surfaces (Holocene – Late Pleistocene) – The upper, soilmodified surface of alluvial terraces incised more than 3m above active
alluvial deposits.
Qt
6
Qtc
Tsc4
ALLUVIUM
Talus and Colluvium (Holocene – Late Pleistocene) – Slope colluvium
and talus shown only in areas of extensive cover or in areas where critical bedrock relationships are concealed.
9
10
30
Qv
16
»
Tri
5
6
6
35
8
21
8
3
12
o
Qf
Qv
Tsc1
Alluvial fans (Holocene – Late Pleistocene) – Discrete fans and
coalesced fans which overlap and merge locally with valley (Qv) and
terraced alluvium (Qt).
Unit Correlations
Bay buck Peaks Quadrangle
28
13
50
52
25
Tsc2
34
Tbr
Qtc
20
Tbt
Qv
27
Qf
3750 000
Qt
11
5
Qv
Qv
6
Qtc
Qv
Qv
9
3
13
15
32
35
o
»
o
Tsc4
12
Tsc1
36
Tbr
3
o
38
21
»
9
27
20
46
8
•
Tsc3
12
Tsc2
18
11
e
o
Tbt
Qv
8
Tbt
25
Qv
6
Tsc4
11
Tsc4
45
o
8
6
Tbt
Qv
Qv
o
64
55
10
20
62
Qp2
6
25
35
35
Tbt
47
11
8
80 75
»
» Qp2
40
o
Qp2
»
10 45
Qv
40
¦
47
6
15
4
Qtc
»
Tbt
»
40
8
o
Qtc
21
¦
» 30
15
Tsc3
Tdi
35
Tdi
Tsc2
22
Qv
Tbrx
20
37
35
»65 60
44
35
30
28
» 50
Tbt
Qv
20
48
15
Tbr
Tbt
Tbrx
Tdi
11
Tdi
Tbt
33
60
»
Tbt
¦
60
Tbt
38
12
ee
»
o
45
28
257000
¦
¦
o
¨o
¦
¦
¦ ¦
¨
Qv
32
oo
Qtc
10
16
11
28
21
o
70
20
53
¼ 75
Tbr
Qv
47
60
Valley Alluvium (Holocene – Late Pleistocene) – Valley bottom alluvium
including active alluvium and low terraces incised less than 3m.
Qtc
10
21
25
o
¼
»40
Tdi
Qv
48
Tsc3
35
80
43
Qv
Tsc3
»30
28
39
21
11
» 80
Tbt 21
19
Qf
27
Tbt
33
5
Tbt
o
9
15
63
10
o
40
¦
o
35
»36
Tsc4
Qv
37
30
Tsc2
18
30
26
Tbt
»
55
o
30
o
»20
9
»
»
14
Tbr
10
Tbt
12
22
Tbr
¦
Qv
33
26
24
Qv
40
16
Tbr
¦
34
14
o
o
19
o
50
35
20
»
9
15
30
Qv
•
3751 000
38
46
60
o ¦¦¦
29
42
18
Tdi
Tsc2
25
33°52'30"N
37
7
18
40
21
36
35
o
Qt
12
22
34
¦
12
Tbr
18 32
25
o
e
»
o
»
28
7
75
Qv
14
25
Tbt
o
4
7
o
»
45
17
32
35
25
50
»
30
45
55
47 Tsc2
40
38
•
54
Tdi
37
11
70
39
45
38
Tdi
10
15
67
52
35
47
35
17
9
Tbt
63
38
Tsc3
Tbr
13
12
»
o
e
40
15
3
34
o
o o
o
o
32
4
30
28
25
»
15 14
Qtc
o
o
o
5
Qv
3
11
Tbr
14
Tbt
8
Qv
Qv
65
24
o
4
20
5
•
28
¦
50
40
21
39
5
9
Tsc3
65
Tsc2
268000
38 36
40
48
45
47
60
50 65
32
33
46
12
7
»
¼
¼
6
25
l
65
67
24
36
65
30
Tdi
Tdi
35
30
Tdi
42
o
Qv
Tsr
¦
35
¦¦¦
¦
¦ ¦
¦
¦
¦ ¦ ¦
¦¦¦ ¦ ¦
¦
¦ ¦¦¦¦
¦ ¦
¦
Tbr
¦¦ ¦
¦
25
24
40
Tsr
Qv
40 65
35 33
35
Tdi
Tdi
•
7
30
22
Qp2
30
73
29
Qv
34
¦ ¦
33°50'0"N
Tsr
7
Qtc
45
38
45
Qv
22
16
85
»
l
22
Tbt
Tsc2
40
Tbt
28
Tsc3
Qv
4
17
Qv
Tid
Tsr
7
15
Tsc3
Tsc3
¦¦
18
18
24
»
16
32
o
53
Qt
Qt
Tsc3
65
53
Tsc2
Tdi
l
Qv
40
28
22
22
27
l
¦¦¦
o
25
Tsd
21
Tsc4
13
o
Tbt
»
Tscu
Tsd
o
o
70
11
Tbr
»3050 Tbr
»
50
¼
Qv
Tsc4
32
Tbt
65
Tsc4
72
@@
Qv
3748000
10
35
• Tsr
26
Tsc3
»40 »38
28
60
38
24
15
22
35
9
23
60
35
10
•
44 Tdi
50
35
»
22
Tsd
40
8
¨ooo
»
¦
Tscu
30
35
45
¦
¦¦ ¦
¦
¦
¦ ¦
¦
24
267000
Tsc4
72
Qv
Qv
Tsc3
48
Tdi
18
o
14
61
48
80
60
Tsc3
36
Tbt
o
26
¼
20
40
•
60
26
Qv
50 35
25
28 Tsc?
35
•
o
30
o
28
»
14
»
15
Qv
5
50
24
Tscu
37
30
28
22
»
»
»
31
14
»
¦
¦¦¦
20
»
Tbt
20
Tsd
32
» 84
»
¼
85
29
27
57
40
27
20
55
40
Tsr
Qv
29
26
»
Tsc3 »
Qv
Tscu
3749000
36
45
32 40
60
45
35
26
Tsc4
l
40
34
»
¦
42
33
»34
Tsc5
Tsc3
70
75
l
¦
Tsc5
35
40
38
53
¦
¦
32
56
46
»
Qv
36
30
Tsc4
40 45
60
70
Qv
60
45
48
Tsr
Tsc3
l
44
Tsc3
54
80
266000
Tsc4
38
14
Qv
l
34
Tsc5
Tsc4
30
Tsc4
Tsc3
»60» 55
»62 »
» Tdi
40
60
39
3750000
35
80
265000
15
e
¦¦
35
60
60
¦¦
60
25
Tdi
107°32'30"W
264000
¦
Qv
24
6
20
62
Tsc2
24
¦
Tsc4
Tsc4
Qv
27
Tsclb
•
28
•
¦
Tsc1
35
263000
»
35
l
l
»
3751000
•
25
11
21
262000
¦
22
•
259000
l
258000
33°52'30"N
2
Tsc3
268000
Cauldron
Margin
Base map from U.S. Geological Survey 1995, from photographs taken 1992, field checked by U.S. Forest Service in 1995.
1927 North American datum, UTM projection -- zone 13. 1000-meter Universal Transverse Mercator grid, zone 13, shown in red.
Geologic Map of the Bay Buck Peaks
7.5-Minute Quadrangle, Socorro
County, New Mexico
1:24,000
1
KELLOG WELL
MONICA SADDLE
OAK PEAK
Bay
BAYBuck
BUCK PEAKS
Peaks
0.5
1000
DUSTY
WELTY HILL
GRASSY LOOKOUT
BLUE MOUNTAIN
0
1
Magnetic Declination
March, 2006
10º 2' East
At Map Center
0
1000
2000
0.5
3000
1 MILE
4000
5000
0
6000
7000 FEET
May 2007
1 KILOMETER
by
Osburn, G.R. and Ferguson, C. 2
1
CONTOUR INTERVAL 20 FEET
NATIONAL GEODETIC VERTICAL DATUM OF 1929
1
New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources
QUADRANGLE LOCATION
Open-file Geologic Map 147
Earth and Planetary Science Dept, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63130
2
Arizona Geological Survey, 416 Congress St., Tuscon, AZ, 85701
COMMENTS TO MAP USERS
Mapping of this quadrangle was funded by a matching-funds grant from the STATEMAP program
of the National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Act, administered by the U. S. Geological Survey,
and by the New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, (Dr. Peter A. Scholle,
Director and State Geologist, Dr. J. Michael Timmons, Geologic Mapping Program Manager ).
New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources
New Mexico Tech
801 Leroy Place
Socorro, New Mexico
87801-4796
[575] 835-5490
http://geoinfo.nmt.edu
This and other STATEMAP quadrangles are (or soon will be) available
for free download in both PDF and ArcGIS formats at:
http://geoinfo.nmt.edu/publications/maps/geologic/ofgm/home.html
A geologic map displays information on the distribution, nature, orientation, and age relationships
of rock and deposits and the occurrence of structural features. Geologic and fault contacts are
irregular surfaces that form boundaries between different types or ages of units. Data depicted
on this geologic quadrangle map may be based on any of the following: reconnaissance field
geologic mapping, compilation of published and unpublished work, and photogeologic interpretation.
Locations of contacts are not surveyed, but are plotted by interpretation of the position of a given
contact onto a topographic base map; therefore, the accuracy of contact locations depends on the
scale of mapping and the interpretation of the geologist(s). Any enlargement of this map could cause
misunderstanding in the detail of mapping and may result in erroneous interpretations. Site-specific
conditions should be verified by detailed surface mapping or subsurface exploration. Topographic
and cultural changes associated with recent development may not be shown.
A
A'
Tbt
Qt
Qp
Qv
Qv
Tbt
Tbt
Tbt
Tbrx
Tbt
Tt
Tbrx
Qtc Qv
Qv
The map has not been reviewed according to New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources
standards. The contents of the report and map should not be considered final and complete until
reviewed and published by the New Mexico Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources. The views and
conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as
necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the State of New Mexico, or
the U.S. Government.
Qv
Tbt
Qv
Qtc
Tbt
Tbt
Tbt
Cross sections are constructed based upon the interpretations of the author made from geologic
mapping, and available geophysical, and subsurface (drillhole) data. Cross-sections should be used as
an aid to understanding the general geologic framework of the map area, and not be the sole source
of information for use in locating or designing wells, buildings, roads, or other man-made structures.
Tsc2
Tbt
Tbr
Tsc3
Tdi
Tsc1
Tbrx
Tsc4
Tbrx
Tsc3
Tsc2