UNCLASSIFIED
DATE: April 2013
Exhibit R-2, RDT&E Budget Item Justification: PB 2014 Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
APPROPRIATION/BUDGET ACTIVITY
0400: Research, Development, Test & Evaluation, Defense-Wide
BA 3: Advanced Technology Development (ATD)
COST ($ in Millions)
All Prior
Years
FY 2012
R-1 ITEM NOMENCLATURE
PE 0603287E: SPACE PROGRAMS AND TECHNOLOGY
#
FY 2013
FY 2014
##
OCO
FY 2014
Base
FY 2014
Total
FY 2015
FY 2016
FY 2017
Cost To
FY 2018 Complete
Total
Cost
Total Program Element
- 99.138
159.704
172.546
- 172.546
169.757
169.796
169.186
170.186 Continuing Continuing
SPC-01: SPACE PROGRAMS
AND TECHNOLOGY
- 99.138
159.704
172.546
- 172.546
169.757
169.796
169.186
170.186 Continuing Continuing
#
FY 2013 Program is from the FY 2013 President's Budget, submitted February 2012
The FY 2014 OCO Request will be submitted at a later date
##
A. Mission Description and Budget Item Justification
The Space Programs and Technology program element is budgeted in the Advanced Technology Development budget activity because it addresses high payoff
opportunities to dramatically reduce costs associated with advanced space systems and provides revolutionary new system capabilities for satisfying current and
projected military missions.
A space force structure that is robust against attack represents a stabilizing deterrent against adversary attacks on space assets. The keys to a secure space
environment are situational awareness to detect and characterize potential threats, a proliferation of assets to provide robustness against attack, ready access to
space, and a flexible infrastructure for maintaining the capabilities of on-orbit assets. Ready access to space requires the delivery of defensive systems, replenishment
supplies to orbit, and rapid manufacturing of affordable space capabilities. An infrastructure to service the mission spacecraft allows defensive actions to be taken
without limiting mission lifetime. In addition, developing space access and spacecraft servicing technologies will lead to reduced ownership costs of space systems and
new opportunities for introducing technologies for the exploitation of space.
Systems development is also required to increase the interactivity of space systems, space-derived information and services with terrestrial users. Studies under
this project include technologies and systems that will enable satellites and microsatellites to operate more effectively by increasing maneuverability, survivability,
and situational awareness; enabling concepts include novel propulsion/propellants, unique manufacturing processes; precision control of multi-payload systems, and
payload isolation and pointing systems.
PE 0603287E: SPACE PROGRAMS AND TECHNOLOGY
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
UNCLASSIFIED
Page 1 of 12
R-1 Line #38
UNCLASSIFIED
DATE: April 2013
Exhibit R-2, RDT&E Budget Item Justification: PB 2014 Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
APPROPRIATION/BUDGET ACTIVITY
0400: Research, Development, Test & Evaluation, Defense-Wide
BA 3: Advanced Technology Development (ATD)
B. Program Change Summary ($ in Millions)
Previous President's Budget
Current President's Budget
Total Adjustments
• Congressional General Reductions
• Congressional Directed Reductions
• Congressional Rescissions
• Congressional Adds
• Congressional Directed Transfers
• Reprogrammings
• SBIR/STTR Transfer
• TotalOtherAdjustments
R-1 ITEM NOMENCLATURE
PE 0603287E: SPACE PROGRAMS AND TECHNOLOGY
FY 2012
FY 2013
FY 2014 Base
FY 2014 OCO
FY 2014 Total
97.541
99.138
1.597
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
4.255
-2.658
- 159.704
159.704
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
- 232.546
172.546
-60.000
- - - 232.546
172.546
-60.000
-60.000
- -60.000
Change Summary Explanation
FY 2012: Increase reflects internal below threshold reprogrammings offset by the SBIR/STTR transfer.
FY 2014: Decrease reflects rephasing of the major systems efforts in this PE.
C. Accomplishments/Planned Programs ($ in Millions)
FY 2012
40.000
Title: System F6
Description: The objective of the System F6 program is to demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of a satellite architecture
wherein the functionality of a traditional "monolithic" spacecraft is replaced by a cluster of wirelessly-interconnected spacecraft
modules. Each such "fractionated" module would contribute a unique capability, for example, computation and data handling,
communications relay, guidance and navigation, payload sensing, or it can replicate the capability of another module. The
fractionated modules would fly in a loose, proximate cluster orbit capable of semi-autonomous reconfiguration or a rapid defensive
scatter/re-gather maneuver. Critical to this architecture is a robust, system-level approach to ensuring security, integrity,
and availability, while implementing authentication and non-repudiation. While delivering a comparable mission capability
to a monolithic spacecraft, the objective of the System F6 program is to demonstrate the feasibility and benefits of a satellite
architecture wherein the functionality of a traditional "monolithic" spacecraft is replaced by a cluster of wirelessly-interconnected
spacecraft modules. Each such "fractionated" module would contribute a unique capability, for example, computation and
data handling, communications relay, guidance and navigation, payload sensing, or it can replicate the capability of another
module. The fractionated modules would fly in a loose, proximate cluster orbit capable of semi-autonomous reconfiguration
or a rapid defensive scatter/re-gather maneuver. Critical to this architecture is a robust, system-level approach to ensuring
security, integrity, and availability, while implementing authentication and non-repudiation. While delivering a comparable
mission capability to a monolithic spacecraft, System F6 significantly enhances architectural and programmatic adaptability and
robustness - reducing risk through the mission life and spacecraft development cycle, enabling incremental deployment of the
PE 0603287E: SPACE PROGRAMS AND TECHNOLOGY
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
UNCLASSIFIED
Page 2 of 12
R-1 Line #38
FY 2013
48.000
FY 2014
50.000
UNCLASSIFIED
DATE: April 2013
Exhibit R-2, RDT&E Budget Item Justification: PB 2014 Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
APPROPRIATION/BUDGET ACTIVITY
0400: Research, Development, Test & Evaluation, Defense-Wide
BA 3: Advanced Technology Development (ATD)
R-1 ITEM NOMENCLATURE
PE 0603287E: SPACE PROGRAMS AND TECHNOLOGY
C. Accomplishments/Planned Programs ($ in Millions)
system, and enhancing survivability. The System F6 architecture provides valuable options to decision makers throughout the life
cycle development of future space systems that are absent in present-day monolithic architectures.
The System F6 program will culminate in an on-orbit demonstration of a multi-module space system incorporating the F6
Technology Package (F6TP) a suite of technologies, components, and algorithms that enables semi-autonomous multi-body
cluster flight and secure, distributed, real-time sharing of various spacecraft resources at the cluster level. Multiple versions of
the F6 Technology Package will be developed on the basis of open-source interface standards, software, and reference designs
termed the F6 Developer's Kit (FDK). The on-orbit demonstration will be capable of accommodating one or more spacecraft
payload modules supplied by a third-party mission partner. Residual capability to support future payloads with the existing onorbit infrastructure will also remain following the demonstration, and the infrastructure can be upgraded for a perpetual on-orbit
resource capability. The utility of the F6 architecture in low earth orbit (LEO) is significantly enabled by persistent broadband
connectivity to the ground which allows resource sharing between space-based modules and terrestrial network nodes. A solution
to enable high-availability, low-latency, persistent, high-bandwidth communication with LEO spacecraft will be developed in
the course of the F6 program. The anticipated transition partner is the Air Force, though the architecture will have the ability to
simultaneously accommodate payloads from multiple other partners including the Army and Navy. The resultant architecture is
expected to significantly lower the barrier to entry and enhance competiveness of the national security space industrial base.
FY 2012 Accomplishments:
- Completed parametric model analyses of wireless intermodule communications and cluster flight.
- Completed and demonstrated prototype wireless transceivers.
- Completed prototype of design tool for adaptable fractionated space systems.
- Commenced development of the F6TP.
- Performed hardware-in-the-loop testing of the persistent broadband terrestrial connectivity solution via commercial
communications relay for LEO fractionated clusters.
- Conducted critical design review (CDR) for the persistent broadband terrestrial connectivity solution for LEO fractionated
clusters.
FY 2013 Plans:
- Complete initial version of FDK software and demonstrate functionality in representative orbital conditions.
- Complete initial release of the FDK.
- Complete a fully-functional, polished, well-documented, user-friendly value-centric architecture and design tools for adaptable
fractionated space systems.
- Conduct preliminary design review (PDR) for the F6TP.
- Conduct CDR for the F6TP.
PE 0603287E: SPACE PROGRAMS AND TECHNOLOGY
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
UNCLASSIFIED
Page 3 of 12
R-1 Line #38
FY 2012
FY 2013
FY 2014
UNCLASSIFIED
DATE: April 2013
Exhibit R-2, RDT&E Budget Item Justification: PB 2014 Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
APPROPRIATION/BUDGET ACTIVITY
0400: Research, Development, Test & Evaluation, Defense-Wide
BA 3: Advanced Technology Development (ATD)
R-1 ITEM NOMENCLATURE
PE 0603287E: SPACE PROGRAMS AND TECHNOLOGY
C. Accomplishments/Planned Programs ($ in Millions)
- Take delivery of the F6TP breadboards.
- Purchase flight units of the F6TPs.
- Take delivery of flight unit of the persistent broadband terrestrial connectivity terminal for LEO fractionated clusters.
- Initiate development of spacecraft buses and payloads for on-orbit demonstration testbed.
- Initiate development of mission operations center.
- Initiate launch vehicle procurement.
FY 2012
FY 2013
FY 2014
FY 2014 Plans:
- Take delivery of F6TP engineering development units.
- Conduct PDR and CDR for the on-orbit demonstration testbed.
- Integrate flight unit of the persistent broadband terrestrial connectivity terminal into on-orbit demonstration spacecraft bus.
- Integrate wireless transceivers flight units into on-orbit demonstration spacecraft buses.
- Integrate mission payload and shared payloads into on-orbit demonstration spacecraft buses.
Title: Airborne Launch Assist Space Access (ALASA)
12.000
Description: The goal of the Airborne Launch Assist Space Access (ALASA) program is to mature and demonstrate
technologies for cost effective, routine, reliable, horizontal access to low earth orbit (LEO). ALASA seeks improvements in cost,
responsiveness, flexibility, and resilience with a single approach. ALASA will enable small satellites to be deployed to orbit from
an airborne platform, allowing performance improvement, reducing range costs, and flying more frequently, which drives cost per
pound down. The ability to relocate and launch from virtually any major runway around the globe reduces the time needed to
deploy a satellite system. Launch point offset permits essentially any possible orbit direction to be achieved without concerns for
launch direction imposed by geography. Finally, launch point offset allows the entire operation to be moved should a particular
fixed airfield become unavailable due to natural phenomena or other issues. Challenges include, but are not limited to: in-air
separation of aircraft and orbit-insertion launch stages, development of alternatives to current range processes, control of weight
and margin under a hard gross weight limit, and achieving a cost per flight of $1 million, including range support costs, to deploy
satellites on the order of 100 lb. The anticipated transition partners are the Air Force and Army.
FY 2012 Accomplishments:
- Performed conceptual design of selected architecture focusing on key technology and affordability gaps.
- Initiated preliminary design.
- Developed and matured enabling and enhancing technologies including automatic flight termination systems, advanced rocket
engine and pump manufacturing, and rapid mission planning tools.
FY 2013 Plans:
- Complete initial test plans for flight demonstrator.
PE 0603287E: SPACE PROGRAMS AND TECHNOLOGY
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
UNCLASSIFIED
Page 4 of 12
R-1 Line #38
29.000
40.000
UNCLASSIFIED
DATE: April 2013
Exhibit R-2, RDT&E Budget Item Justification: PB 2014 Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
APPROPRIATION/BUDGET ACTIVITY
0400: Research, Development, Test & Evaluation, Defense-Wide
BA 3: Advanced Technology Development (ATD)
R-1 ITEM NOMENCLATURE
PE 0603287E: SPACE PROGRAMS AND TECHNOLOGY
C. Accomplishments/Planned Programs ($ in Millions)
- Complete risk management plan.
- Conduct preliminary design review and select enabling and enhancing technologies for incorporation into system concepts.
- Conduct critical design review and initiate detailed design.
- Integrate selected enabling and enhancing technologies on launch assist aircraft.
FY 2012
FY 2013
FY 2014
FY 2014 Plans:
- Conduct trade studies of additional enabling technology to include propellants, manufacturing, mission planning and range
support software, and tracking and flight termination software.
- Conduct critical design review of demonstration system and develop flight demonstrator.
- Complete ALASA vehicle flight readiness review.
- Conduct flight tests.
- Establish and publish open standards for interface specifications between launch assist aircraft and launch vehicle.
- Initiate demonstration of ALASA vehicle launches.
Title: Space Domain Awareness (SDA)
18.000
Description: The goal of the Space Domain Awareness (SDA) program is to develop and demonstrate an operational framework
and responsive defense application to enhance the availability of vulnerable space-based resources. Current space surveillance
sensors cannot detect, track, or determine the future location and threat potential of small advanced technology spacecraft in
deep space orbits, where a majority of DoD spacecraft are located. Additionally, servicing missions to geosynchronous (GEO)
orbits will require exquisite situational awareness, from ultra-high-accuracy debris tracking for mission assurance at GEO orbits to
high resolution imaging of GEO spacecraft for service mission planning.
SDA will investigate revolutionary technologies in two areas: 1) advanced space surveillance sensors to better detect, track,
and characterize space objects, with an emphasis on deep space objects, and 2) space surveillance data collection and data
processing/ fusion to provide automated data synergy. The resulting increase in space domain awareness will enhance overall
space safety of flight, and allow space operators to make informed, timely decisions. The SDA program will leverage data
fusion and advanced algorithms developed under the Space Surveillance Telescope (SST) program, as well as seek to exploit
new ground-breaking technologies across the electromagnetic spectrum and utilize already existing sensor technology in nontraditional or exotic ways, to bring advanced capabilities to the space domain. SDA will correlate a wide range of operational
support and space system user data to rapidly identify threat activities, propose mitigating countermeasures, and verify the
effectiveness of selected responses. Critical technologies include accessing disparate sources of relevant data, model-based
situational awareness, and candidate response generation and evaluation. Particular emphasis will be placed on the ability to
continuously adapt to changes in defended system components and usage patterns as well as validation of system integrity.
PE 0603287E: SPACE PROGRAMS AND TECHNOLOGY
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
UNCLASSIFIED
Page 5 of 12
R-1 Line #38
29.000
18.000
UNCLASSIFIED
DATE: April 2013
Exhibit R-2, RDT&E Budget Item Justification: PB 2014 Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
APPROPRIATION/BUDGET ACTIVITY
0400: Research, Development, Test & Evaluation, Defense-Wide
BA 3: Advanced Technology Development (ATD)
R-1 ITEM NOMENCLATURE
PE 0603287E: SPACE PROGRAMS AND TECHNOLOGY
C. Accomplishments/Planned Programs ($ in Millions)
Efficient collection of data for SDA is crucial to controlling costs. SDA will demonstrate new approaches to collection of data
utilizing a variety of collection modalities, ranging from fusion of observations from non-traditional sources, such as amateur
includes orbit outlook astronomers, to evaluation of sparse aperture imaging techniques. The Galileo effort will develop
technology to image a Geosynchronous Earth Orbit (GEO) satellite from the ground. Galileo will utilize fixed mobile telescopes,
each with adaptive optics and a guide star, to create multiple baselines that can be used to reconstruct the image through an
inverse Fourier transform. The concept is similar to existing astronomic interferometers, except Galileo will extend the basic
interferometric technology to utilize fiber optic transport of light between each telescope to match the optical path length instead
of the traditional evacuated light tubes. Technical challenges include: controlling thermal effects and dispersion within the fiber
to properly interfere the light from the two telescopes, precisely measuring the distance between the fixed and mobile telescope
systems, and accurately measuring relative phase from low signal flux levels with low mutual coherence. The potential transition
customer is the Air Force.
FY 2012
FY 2013
FY 2014
FY 2012 Accomplishments:
- Completed intensity correlation imaging study.
- Initiated Galileo sparse aperture imaging technology development.
- Initiated studies of market-based methods of acquiring SSA data from non-traditional sources.
FY 2013 Plans:
- Develop architecture for low cost space situational awareness (SSA) data sources.
- Expand the concept of dynamically tasked sensors so that the entire SSA network is continuously optimized and capable of
rapid response to any space anomaly or threat.
- Develop requirements and complete designs for the Galileo mobile telescope and fiber control system.
- Develop plans to integrate the Galileo mobile telescope and fiber control into a single proof-of-concept demonstration.
FY 2014 Plans:
- Demonstrate the advantages of a having a collaborative network of users with access to data from numerous distributed
sensors over the traditional sensor-centric architecture.
- Demonstrate intuitive applications and adaptive understanding capabilities of the next-generation space information fusion
center.
- Build, test, and deploy the Galileo mobile telescope system.
- Build, test, and deploy the Galileo fiber control system.
- Integrate the Galileo systems and perform an imaging campaign for a 10cm spatial resolution image of an 11 visual magnitude
GEO satellite.
Title: Space Surveillance Telescope (SST)
PE 0603287E: SPACE PROGRAMS AND TECHNOLOGY
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
10.041
UNCLASSIFIED
Page 6 of 12
R-1 Line #38
10.204
8.000
UNCLASSIFIED
DATE: April 2013
Exhibit R-2, RDT&E Budget Item Justification: PB 2014 Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
APPROPRIATION/BUDGET ACTIVITY
0400: Research, Development, Test & Evaluation, Defense-Wide
BA 3: Advanced Technology Development (ATD)
R-1 ITEM NOMENCLATURE
PE 0603287E: SPACE PROGRAMS AND TECHNOLOGY
C. Accomplishments/Planned Programs ($ in Millions)
FY 2012
Description: The Space Surveillance Telescope (SST) program will develop and demonstrate an advanced ground-based
optical system to enable detection and tracking of faint objects in space, while providing rapid, wide-area search capability. A
major goal of the SST program is to develop the technology for large curved focal surface array sensors to enable an innovative
telescope design combining high detection sensitivity, short focal length, wide field of view, and rapid step-and-settle to provide
orders of magnitude improvements in space surveillance. This capability will enable ground-based detection of un-cued objects
in deep space for purposes such as asteroid detection and space defense missions. The program is also investigating expanding
the demonstration of the telescope to explore detection and tracking of broader classes of space objects under different orbital
regimes, and the impact of observations from different environments. The Air Force Space Command is the intended transition
partner.
In addition, the program is investigating data fusion and advanced algorithms for correlation of unknown objects. SST is expected
to generate a large number of uncorrelated targets (UCTs), and new methods will need to be employed to rapidly characterize
and attribute the new objects. Furthermore, the data fusion effort is investigating methods which combine observations from
disparate sensors (such as optical and radar installations) to more rapidly, accurately, and completely provide knowledge about
UCTs. Specifically, the data fusion effort is investigating methods to quickly provide positive identification of orbital objects, rapidly
characterize them and maintain a catalog of determined characteristics, and dynamically schedule available sensors to provide
the most valuable and timely observations possible. Where appropriate, SST will investigate new concepts which would provide
complementary or further advances in ground-based deep space object detection and characterization.
The SST Australia effort will provide a further operational demonstration of the SST at an Australian site. Such a location presents
a more operationally relevant demonstration, with a richer and more interesting population of SSA targets in geosynchronous
orbit. A demonstration in Australia would investigate telescope performance and observe objects and orbits not visible from
the current site in New Mexico. In addition, the demonstration would generate data for analysis and fusion efforts, which will be
used to further refine and evaluate data processing techniques, such as those developed under the Ibex effort. This program will
address technical challenges which may arise from an Australian site, including adaptations to a different telescope environment,
and the logistical and communications challenges presented by a site significantly more remote than the current SST location.
FY 2012 Accomplishments:
- Completed final technical demonstration of SST system performance; evaluated demonstration activities and SST mission
functionality.
- Conducted systems requirement review for the data fusion effort.
- Conducted preliminary and critical design reviews for the data fusion effort.
- Developed initial data fusion capability packages.
PE 0603287E: SPACE PROGRAMS AND TECHNOLOGY
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
UNCLASSIFIED
Page 7 of 12
R-1 Line #38
FY 2013
FY 2014
UNCLASSIFIED
DATE: April 2013
Exhibit R-2, RDT&E Budget Item Justification: PB 2014 Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
APPROPRIATION/BUDGET ACTIVITY
0400: Research, Development, Test & Evaluation, Defense-Wide
BA 3: Advanced Technology Development (ATD)
R-1 ITEM NOMENCLATURE
PE 0603287E: SPACE PROGRAMS AND TECHNOLOGY
C. Accomplishments/Planned Programs ($ in Millions)
- Completed initial data fusion demonstration.
- Conducted preliminary investigation of locating the SST in more operationally relevant location in Australia in order to perform a
more in-depth demonstration.
- Completed data acquisition for military utility analysis.
FY 2012
FY 2013
FY 2014
FY 2013 Plans:
- Transition data fusion services to users.
- Complete military utility assessment of SST.
- Complete investigation and planning for optimal SST location in Australia.
- Complete SST relocation plan.
- Complete evaluation of operational strategies, technology studies, and hardware demonstrations in order to optimize SST
performance at Australia site.
FY 2014 Plans:
- Disassemble SST in New Mexico.
- Ship SST to Australian site and begin integration.
Title: Phoenix
14.097
Description: To date, servicing operations have not been conducted on spacecraft beyond low earth orbit (LEO). A large number
of national security and commercial space systems operate at Geosynchronous (GEO) altitudes, furthermore, many end-of-life
or failed spacecraft drift without control through portions of the GEO belt, creating a growing hazard to operational spacecraft.
Technologies for servicing of spacecraft with the expectation such servicing would involve a mix of highly autonomous and
remotely (i.e., ground-based) teleoperated robotic systems have been previously pursued. The Phoenix servicing program will
build upon these legacy technologies, tackling the more complex GEO environment and going beyond pure traditional servicing
functions. The program seeks to repurpose high value long life components on existing satellites in GEO, in full collaboration
and cooperation with existing satellite owners, utilizing commercial ride-along capability to send newly developed small, modular,
and inexpensive "satlet" satellite modules into GEO for use in upgrading, fixing, repairing, and enhancing the repurposed
components. Key challenges include transportation and orbital maneuvering, robotic systems and integration, and extravehicular
tool requirements. The anticipated transition partner is the Air Force.
FY 2012 Accomplishments:
- Performed conceptual mission design and feasibility studies for a repurposing mission in GEO.
- Performed conceptual design of a selected demonstration mission, focusing on system architecture and key technology gaps,
with candidates that would support aperture repurposing.
PE 0603287E: SPACE PROGRAMS AND TECHNOLOGY
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
UNCLASSIFIED
Page 8 of 12
R-1 Line #38
28.000
40.000
UNCLASSIFIED
DATE: April 2013
Exhibit R-2, RDT&E Budget Item Justification: PB 2014 Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
APPROPRIATION/BUDGET ACTIVITY
0400: Research, Development, Test & Evaluation, Defense-Wide
BA 3: Advanced Technology Development (ATD)
R-1 ITEM NOMENCLATURE
PE 0603287E: SPACE PROGRAMS AND TECHNOLOGY
C. Accomplishments/Planned Programs ($ in Millions)
- Started technology exploration in redefining the morphology of satellites with satlets, to allow expansion of repurposing precepts
at cost points that are orders of magnitude lower than new systems.
- Developed initial conceptual design and conducted evaluation of commercial hosted ride-along payloads ability to be ejected
safely and securely at GEO to increase tempo of mass to orbit to support satlet architecture.
- Developed comprehensive concepts of operations for a one year circumnavigation of the GEO belt with up to two separate
repurposed apertures.
FY 2012
FY 2013
FY 2014
FY 2013 Plans:
- Complete preliminary design of robotic servicing payload architecture and systems for Phoenix vehicle.
- Develop payload orbital delivery systems (PODS) designs for commercial satellite ride-along and show first working prototype
for dispensement.
- Initiate flight scale build of first satlets and demonstrate aggregation of performance functions in a ground testbed.
- Initiate development and build of robotic servicing components including tools and toolbelt systems and select a complete
complement of tools for Phoenix.
- Initiate six degree of freedom testbed on ground; begin virtual system testing with the primary and secondary robotic arms.
- Initiate telepresence simulation and begin to test qualification and training standards for Phoenix robotic operations.
- Build first prototype of sensor suite for guidance and control on servicer and evaluate it with actual flight software algorithms.
FY 2014 Plans:
- Complete critical design of robotic servicing system including primary and secondary robotic arms and toolbelt.
- Deliver sensor suite for guidance and control on servicer.
- Deliver primary and secondary robotic hardware and software.
- Deliver flight rated PODS for initial integration into a GEO communications satellite.
- Deliver a full complement of satlet hardware to support first repurposing aperture.
- Deliver repurposing equipment prototypes.
- Complete mission validation testing inside a six degree of freedom chamber.
Title: SeeMe
5.000
Description: The Army, Air Force, intelligence community, and other potential users require affordable support to the tactical
warfighter via space. The goal of the SeeMe program is to demonstrate the ability to get near-real-time, i.e., no older than
~90 minutes, images directly to individual users' handheld devices from space. This will be accomplished via a very low cost
constellation of inexpensive, disposable small satellites routinely and inexpensively put in orbit through low cost horizontal
(aircraft-released) launches. The current methodology for satisfying imagery needs from space is to build multipurpose systems
with very high reliability and long life, at very high costs, and launch them on expensive vertical launch boosters. In most cases,
commercial or military, the time to deliver an already built space intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance system suitable to
PE 0603287E: SPACE PROGRAMS AND TECHNOLOGY
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
UNCLASSIFIED
Page 9 of 12
R-1 Line #38
15.500
10.546
UNCLASSIFIED
DATE: April 2013
Exhibit R-2, RDT&E Budget Item Justification: PB 2014 Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
APPROPRIATION/BUDGET ACTIVITY
0400: Research, Development, Test & Evaluation, Defense-Wide
BA 3: Advanced Technology Development (ATD)
R-1 ITEM NOMENCLATURE
PE 0603287E: SPACE PROGRAMS AND TECHNOLOGY
C. Accomplishments/Planned Programs ($ in Millions)
meet tactically desired ground sample distance is on the order of 20+ months, and the data delivery mechanism is typically more
than several days (and up to weeks) to the end user. SeeMe intends to radically shorten the entire cycle: ground development
time, launch cadence, and on-orbit request-to-image-delivery time through new satellite manufacturing techniques, advanced
low-cost aperture technologies, leveraging alternative launch concepts, and a novel direct-to-user command and data exfiltration
architecture. The anticipated transition partners are the Air Force and the Army.
FY 2012
FY 2013
FY 2014
FY 2012 Accomplishments:
- Conducted trade study of available technologies and investment opportunities.
- Initiated concept design.
- Performed detailed system trade between a low cost launch alternative and metrics associated with constellation size and
altitude.
- Evaluated technologies for direct satellite to handheld device capabilities.
- Performed evaluation of a multitude of manufacturing processes and technologies from non-aerospace disciplines to achieve
10x cost reduction.
- Selected specific satellite architecture for hardware instantiation as prototypes.
FY 2013 Plans:
- Execute technical prototype integration options for hardware level development.
- Demonstrate applicability to commercial production environment using commercial off the shelf (COTS) based hardware.
- Verify radio frequency and optical aperture template and begin prototype construction.
- Complete ground user hardware interface study/development.
FY 2014 Plans:
- Prepare critical design of system hardware and software for the satellites to include the payload operations for a handheld
communications device.
- Complete prototype hardware field demonstration to handheld devices.
- Deliver "plan and shoot" software and packaging for the onboard satellites.
- Complete and environmentally test initial production run of at least six units to verify the ability to build units within 90 days with
no pre-purchased components.
Title: Experimental Solar Electric Propulsion Vehicle (X-SEP)
0.000
Description: The X-SEP program will mature the technologies for advanced solar electric propulsion to support a wide range
of future DOD missions. Past DOD and NASA efforts have identified and begun maturing critical enabling technologies
including light weight and high power solar arrays, advanced solar cells, efficient deployment mechanisms, power management
and distribution; and advanced electric propulsion concepts. A critically important technology gap is integration into a flight
PE 0603287E: SPACE PROGRAMS AND TECHNOLOGY
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
UNCLASSIFIED
Page 10 of 12
R-1 Line #38
0.000
2.000
UNCLASSIFIED
DATE: April 2013
Exhibit R-2, RDT&E Budget Item Justification: PB 2014 Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
APPROPRIATION/BUDGET ACTIVITY
0400: Research, Development, Test & Evaluation, Defense-Wide
BA 3: Advanced Technology Development (ATD)
R-1 ITEM NOMENCLATURE
PE 0603287E: SPACE PROGRAMS AND TECHNOLOGY
C. Accomplishments/Planned Programs ($ in Millions)
demonstration able to survive in the harsh radiation and thermal space environments. The X-SEP program will mature and
validate key technologies on the ground, then fabricate a deep space X-Satellite to demonstrate: 1) a space qualified power
system 1/3 the weight of anything ever flown 2) electric propulsion thrust over input power greater than 90 mN/KW, and 3)
modular power scaleable to over 1 MW. A key goal is validating the critical technologies for a wide range of next generation high
power space systems including highly survivable early missile warning sensors; space situational awareness; efficient on-orbit
robotic servicing; new technical approaches for space based radar; next generation high power communications; and dynamic
near continuous maneuvering for survivable information, surveillance and reconnaissance (ISR) orbital missions. The anticipated
transition partner is the Air Force with potential follow-on transitions to NASA and/or the commercial sector.
FY 2012
FY 2013
FY 2014
FY 2014 Plans:
- Conduct system requirements studies for alternative configurations and to determine operational requirements.
Title: Small Responsive Space Access X-Plane
0.000
0.000
4.000
99.138
159.704
172.546
Description: The Small Responsive Space Access X-Plane program will mature the technologies and operations for low cost,
persistent and responsive space access and global reach. Past efforts have identified and demonstrated critical enabling
technologies including composite or light weight structures, propellant tanks, thermal protection systems, rocket propulsion and
advanced avionics/software. A critically important technology gap is integration into a flight demonstration able to deliver aircraftlike operability. The program will validate key technologies on the ground, and then fabricate an X-Plane to demonstrate: 1) 10
flights in 10 days, 2) Mach 10+ flight, and 3) 10X lower cost space access for cargoes up to 5,000 lbs to low earth orbit. A key
goal is validating the critical technologies for a wide range of next generation high speed aircraft enabling new military capabilities
including worldwide reconnaissance, global transport, small responsive space access aircraft and affordable spacelift. The
anticipated transition partners are the Air Force, Navy and/or commercial sector.
FY 2014 Plans:
- Perform system level trade studies to identify alternative configurations and define tradespace.
Accomplishments/Planned Programs Subtotals
D. Other Program Funding Summary ($ in Millions)
N/A
Remarks
E. Acquisition Strategy
N/A
PE 0603287E: SPACE PROGRAMS AND TECHNOLOGY
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
UNCLASSIFIED
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UNCLASSIFIED
DATE: April 2013
Exhibit R-2, RDT&E Budget Item Justification: PB 2014 Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
APPROPRIATION/BUDGET ACTIVITY
0400: Research, Development, Test & Evaluation, Defense-Wide
BA 3: Advanced Technology Development (ATD)
R-1 ITEM NOMENCLATURE
PE 0603287E: SPACE PROGRAMS AND TECHNOLOGY
F. Performance Metrics
Specific programmatic performance metrics are listed above in the program accomplishments and plans section.
PE 0603287E: SPACE PROGRAMS AND TECHNOLOGY
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
UNCLASSIFIED
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