Probability Review
Short Answer
Refer to the spinner below.
1. Find P(even and shaded).
2. Find the odds of the spinner landing on a number divisible by 2.
3. You have the numbers 1–36 written on slips of paper. If you choose one slip at random, what is the
probability that you will not select a number which is divisible by 4?
4. Suppose you choose a marble from a bag containing 3 red marbles, 2 white marbles, and 4 blue marbles. You
return the first marble to the bag and then choose again. Find P(red and white).
5. You have four $1 bills, five $5 bills, and three $10 bills in your wallet. You select a bill at random. Without
replacing the bill, you choose a second bill at random. Find P($5 then $1).
6. Thomas, Jenna, and Maria are playing a game. They have a bag that contains 48 white tiles and 2 red tiles.
Each player takes turns picking a tile at random and does not return the tiles to the bag. The player who draws
a red tile first is the winner. In the first round, Thomas goes first, then Jenna, and then Maria, and none of
them draws a red tile. What is the probability that Thomas will win the game on his second turn?
Simplify the expression.
7.
8.
9. At a pizza parlor, Jerome has a choice of pizza toppings and sizes. The topping choices are peppers, sausage,
onions, and pineapple. The size choices are mini and small. Draw a tree diagram that shows the number of
possible pizza combinations that Jerome can order.
10. You roll a standard number cube. Find P(number greater than 2)
11. In a word game, you choose a tile from a bag, replace it, and then choose another. If there are 28 vowels and
16 consonants, what is the probability you will choose a consonant and then a vowel?
12. A basket contains 10 pieces of fruit: 4 apples, 3 oranges, and 3 bananas. Jonas takes a piece of fruit at random
from the basket, and then Beth takes a piece at random. What is the probability that Jonas will get an orange
and Beth will get an apple?
13. In how many ways can 11 basketball players be listed in a program?
14. A yogurt shop offers 5 different flavors of frozen yogurt and 11 different toppings. How many choices are
possible for a single serving of frozen yogurt with one topping?
15. You toss a coin and roll a number cube. Find P(heads and 3).
16. How many different arrangements can be made with the letters in the word MATH?
17. You own 9 hats and are taking 3 with you on vacation. In how many ways can you choose 3 hats from the 9?
18. Each of four friends orders a sweatshirt from a catalog. There are 18 colors of sweatshirts, 8 of which are all
cotton and 10 of which are a blend. Each one orders a different color (no repeats) at random. What is the
probability that the friends order only cotton sweatshirts?
Other
19. Are the two events dependent or independent? Explain.
a. Toss a dime, and then roll a die.
b. Pick a marble from a bag. Keep the marble and pick another.
20. Explain how to determine when combinations should be used and when permutations should be used.
21. A cell phone company orders 1200 new phones from a manufacturer. If the probability of a phone being
defective is 1.5%, predict how many phones are likely to be defective.