RBT+HOTS= Differentiation Choices for All Students Presented by Susan Keiger CCSA March 2014 In this session we will…… Describe differentiation concepts Investigate Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy Examine how Choice Boards can combine RBT/HOTS with differentiation concepts Survey various models of Choice Boards Describe Differentiation Concepts Differentiation What is it? Giving students multiple options for how they • Take in information • Make sense of ideas • Express what they learn “..a differentiated classroom provides different avenues to acquiring content, processing or making sense of ideas and developing products” Carol Ann Tomlinson Differentiation Content Curriculum Process Presentation Product Pacing Environment Assessment Materials Differentiation Content Grouping Process Complexity Product Choice Environment Student Assessment Created Differentiation Content Process Product Environment Assessment Modes of expression Materials Formats Differentiation Content Seating Process Grouping Product Movement Environment Atmosphere Assessment Differentiation Content Rubrics Process Grading Product Format Environment Modes Assessment of expression Investigate the Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy The Cognitive Process Dimension Create Form new ideas, products, or ways of viewing things Generating, Planning, Producing Evaluate Justify a decision or course of action Checking, Critiquing Analyze Break information into parts to explore understandings and relationships Differentiating, Organizing, Attributing Apply Use information to perform exercises (familiar) and solve problems (unfamiliar) Executing, Implementing Understand Explain ideas/concepts and build connections between new and prior knowledge Interpreting, Exemplifying, Classifying, Summarizing, Inferring, Comparing, Explaining Remember Retrieve relevant knowledge from long-term memory Recognizing, Recalling The Knowledge Dimension Factual Knowledge = the basic elements students must know Conceptual Knowledge = relationships between basic elements within a larger structure that enable them to function together Classifications and categories Principles and generalizations Theories, models, and structures Procedural Knowledge = how to do something Terminology Specific details and elements Subject-specific skills and algorithms Subject-specific techniques and methods Criteria for determining when to use appropriate procedures Metacognitive Knowledge = awareness of and responsibility for one’s own thinking and learning General strategies for learning, thinking, and problem solving Cognitive tasks, including contextual and conditional knowledge Self-knowledge The Taxonomy Table The Knowledge Dimension (object) Factual Knowledge Conceptual Knowledge Procedural Knowledge Metacognitive Knowledge The Cognitive Process Dimension (verbs) Remember Understand Apply Analyze Evaluate Create Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy is a taxonomy of both cognitive process and knowledge It can be used to WRITE standards Standards take the following form... Subject Verb Object The Student Cognitive Process Knowledge Example The student will interpret a multiplication equation as a comparison. 4.OA.1 The Taxonomy Table The Knowledge Dimension (object) Factual Knowledge Conceptual Knowledge Procedural Knowledge Metacognitive Knowledge The Cognitive Process Dimension (verbs) Remember Understand Apply 4.OA.1 4.OA.1 Analyze Evaluate Create Standards take the following form... Subject Verb Object The Student Cognitive Process Knowledge Example The student will compare two fractions with different numerators and different denominators. 4.NF.2 The Taxonomy Table The Knowledge Dimension (object) Factual Knowledge Conceptual Knowledge Procedural Knowledge Metacognitive Knowledge The Cognitive Process Dimension (verbs) Remember Understand Apply 4.OA.1 4.OA.1 Analyze 4.NF.2 4.NF.2 Evaluate 4.NF.2 Create Standards take the following form... Subject Verb Object The Student Cognitive Process Knowledge Example The student will fluently add and subtract multi-digit whole numbers using the standard algorithm. 4.NBT.4 The Taxonomy Table The Knowledge Dimension (object) Factual Knowledge The Cognitive Process Dimension (verbs) Remember Understand Apply 4.OA.1 4.OA.1 Conceptual Knowledge Procedural Knowledge Metacognitive Knowledge Analyze 4.NF.2 4.NBT.4 4.NF.2 Evaluate 4.NF.2 Create Revised Bloom’s Taxonomy is a taxonomy of both cognitive process and knowledge It can also be used to design activities that span both domains. This is the ideal use for differentiation Remembering The learner is able to recall, restate and remember learned information. Recognizing Listing Describing Identifying Retrieving Naming Locating Finding Can you recall information? Remembering • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • List Memorize Relate Show Locate Distinguish Give examples of Reproduce Quote Repeat Label Recall Know Group Read Write Outline • • • • • • • • • • • • Listen Group Choose Recite Review Quote Record Match Select Underline Cite Sort Recall or recognition of specific information Remembering: Potential Activities and Products Make a story map showing the main events of the story. Make a time line of your typical day. Make a concept map of the topic. Write a list of keywords you know about…. What characters were in the story? Make a chart showing… Make an acrostic poem about… Recite a poem you have memorized. Understanding The learner grasps the meaning of information by interpreting and translating what has been learned. Interpreting Exemplifying Summarizing Inferring Paraphrasing Classifying Comparing Explaining Can you explain ideas or concepts? Understanding • • • Identify • • Discuss • • Retell • • Research • • Annotate • • Translate • • Give examples of • • Paraphrase • • Reorganize • • Associate • Restate Describe Report Recognize Review Observe Outline Account for Interpret Give main idea Estimate Define Able to explain ideas or concepts Understanding: Potential Activities and Products Write in your own words… Cut out, or draw pictures to illustrate a particular event in the story. Report to the class… Illustrate what you think the main idea may have been. Make a cartoon strip showing the sequence of events in the story. Write and perform a play based on the story. Write a brief outline to explain this story to someone else Explain why the character solved the problem in this particular way Write a summary report of the event. Prepare a flow chart to illustrate the sequence of events. Make a coloring book. Paraphrase this chapter in the book. Retell in your own words. Outline the main points. Applying The learner makes use of information in a context different from the one in which it was learned. Implementing Carrying out Using Executing Can you use the information in another situation? Applying • Translate • Manipulate • Exhibit • Illustrate • Calculate • Interpret • Make • Practice • Apply • Operate • Interview • • • • • • • • • • • • • Paint Change Compute Sequence Show Solve Collect Demonstrate Dramatize Construct Use Adapt Draw Using strategies, concepts, principles and theories in new situations Applying: Potential Activities and Products Construct a model to demonstrate how it looks or works Practice a play and perform it for the class Make a diorama to illustrate an event Write a diary entry Make a scrapbook about the area of study. Prepare invitations for a character’s birthday party Make a topographic map Take and display a collection of photographs on a particular topic. Make up a puzzle or a game about the topic. Write an explanation about this topic for others. Dress a doll in national costume. Make a clay model… Paint a mural using the same materials. Continue the story… Analyzing The learner breaks learned information into its parts to best understand that information. Comparing Organizing Deconstructing Attributing Outlining Finding Structuring Integrating Can you break information into parts to explore understandings and relationships? Analyzing • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Distinguish Question Appraise Experiment Inspect Examine Probe Separate Inquire Arrange Investigate Sift Research Calculate Criticize • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Compare Contrast Survey Detect Group Order Sequence Test Debate Analyze Diagram Relate Dissect Categorize Discriminate Breaking information down into its component elements Analyzing: Potential Activities and Products Use a Venn Diagram to show how two topics are the same and different Design a questionnaire to gather information. Survey classmates to find out what they think about a particular topic. Analyze the results. Make a flow chart to show the critical stages. Classify the actions of the characters in the book Create a sociogram from the narrative Construct a graph to illustrate selected information. Make a family tree showing relationships. Devise a roleplay about the study area. Write a biography of a person studied. Prepare a report about the area of study. Conduct an investigation to produce information to support a view. Review a work of art in terms of form, color and texture. Draw a graph Complete a Decision Making Matrix to help you decide which breakfast cereal to purchase Evaluating The learner makes decisions based on in-depth reflection, criticism and assessment. Checking Hypothesizing Critiquing Experimenting Judging Testing Detecting Monitoring Can you justify a decision or course of action? Evaluating • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Judge Rate Validate Predict Assess Score Revise Infer Determine Prioritize Tell why Compare Evaluate Defend Select Measure • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Choose Conclude Deduce Debate Justify Recommend Discriminate Appraise Value Probe Argue Decide Criticize Rank Reject Judging the value of ideas, materials and methods by developing and applying standards and criteria. Evaluating: Potential Activities and Products Write a letter to the editor Prepare and conduct a debate Prepare a list of criteria to judge… Write a persuasive speech arguing for/against… Make a booklet about five rules you see as important. Convince others. Form a panel to discuss viewpoints on…. Write a letter to. ..advising on changes needed. Write an annual or bi-annual report. Prepare a case to present your view about... Complete a PMI on… Evaluate the character’s actions in the story Creating The learner creates new ideas and information using what has been previously learned. Designing Constructing Planning Producing Inventing Devising Making Can you generate new products, ideas, or ways of viewing things? Creating • Compose • Assemble • Organize • Invent • Compile • Forecast • Propose • Construct • Plan • Prepare • Develop • Originate • Imagine • Generate • Formulate • Improve • Act • Predict • Produce • Blend • Set up • Devise • Concoct • Compile Putting together ideas or elements to develop a original idea or engage in creative thinking. Creating: Potential Activities and Products Use the SCAMPER strategy to invent a new type of ….. Invent a machine to do a specific task. Design a robot to do your homework. Create a new product. Give it a name and plan a marketing campaign. Write about your feelings in relation to... Write a TV show, puppet show, play, song or pantomime about.. Design a new monetary system Develop a menu for a new restaurant using a variety of healthy foods Design a record, book or magazine cover for... Sell an idea Devise a way to... Make up a new language and use it in an example Write a jingle to advertise a new product. Examine how Choice Boards can combine RBT/HOTS with differentiation concepts Why Choice Boards? They allow for differentiation of Content (presentation, materials) Process (choice, complexity, studentcreated) Product (multi-modal, materials, formats) Environment (grouping, movement, atmosphere) Assessment (rubrics, grading, format, multi-modal) Why Choice Boards? All students should not be required to do the exact same activities since all students are neither at the same level nor have the same learning style No student should be required to do more or less than any other – they need the same amount of work at a more or less challenging level Every student should be given work within their current level of ability and understanding Choice Boards can easily be designed in varied ways: One for whole class One for each particular grouping of students One for each individual student How to plan for a Choice Board Look ahead at next/upcoming unit Determine specific learning goals of unit Design and administer a brief pre-test A minimum of 1 week so that you have time to create appropriately leveled activities Find, adapt or design activities using RBT Use data from pre-test to make sure you have enough activities at needed levels Sample Unit Plan: Space Remembering Cut out “space” pictures from a magazine. Make a display or a collage. List space words (Alphabet Key). List the names of the planets in our universe. List all the things an astronaut would need for a space journey. Understanding Make an astronaut for a puppet play and Use it to tell what an astronaut does. Make a model of the planets in our solar system. Applying Keep a diary of your space adventure (5 days). What sort of instruments would you need to make space music? Make a list of questions you would like to ask an astronaut. Analyzing Make an application form for a person applying for the job of an astronaut. Compare Galileo’s telescope to a modern telescope. Distinguish between the Russian and American space programs. Evaluating Compare the benefits of living on Earth and the moon. You can take three people with you to the moon, who do you choose and why. Choose a planet you would like to live on- explain why. Creating Write a newspaper report for the following headline: “Spaceship out of control”. Use the SCAMPER strategy to design a new space suit. Create a game called “Space Snap”. Prepare a weekly meal menu for your spaceship crew. Design an advertising program for trips to the moon. Sample Unit Plan: Travel Remembering How many ways can you travel from one place to another? List and draw all the ways you know. Describe one of the vehicles from your list, draw a diagram and label the parts. Collect “transport” pictures from magazines- make a poster with info. Understanding How do you get from school to home? Explain the method of travel and draw a map. Write a play about a form of modern transport. Explain how you felt the first time you rode a bicycle. Make your desk into a form of transport. Applying Explain why some vehicles are large and others small. Write a story about the uses of both. Read a story about “The Little Red Engine” and make up a play about it. Survey 10 other children to see what bikes they ride. Display on a chart or graph. Analyzing Make a jigsaw puzzle of children using bikes safely. What problems are there with modern forms of transport and their uses- write a report. Use a Venn Diagram to compare boats to planes, or helicopters to bicycles. Evaluating What changes would you recommend to road rules to prevent traffic accidents? Debate whether we should be able to buy fuel at a cheaper rate. Rate transport from slow to fast etc.. Creating Invent a vehicle. Draw or construct it after careful planning. What sort of transport will there be in twenty years time? Discuss, write about it and report to the class. Write a song about traveling in different forms of transport. Unit Plan for Weather The Knowledge Dimension The Cognitive Process Dimension Remember Factual Knowledge Conceptual Knowledge Procedural Knowledge Metacognitive Knowledge Understand Apply Analyze Evaluate Create Compile a glossary of weather related terms Make a flow chart explaining the Hydrologic Cycle Using construction paper and cotton balls construct four different cloud formations, label & describe each Myths and stories from ancient times often have a basis in natural weather phenomena. Write and illustrate a story that explains the falling of hail. Compare and contrast at least four different instruments used to predict weather Examples: Choice Boards, Think-Tack-Toe, Category Choice Choice Board 1. Choose a letter. 3. Find friends that have names that begin with the letter you chose 2. Look at our class names 4. Sort them into the correct basket Or 1. Choose a letter. 2. Get a magazine 3. Cut out pictures that start with your letter 4. Glue the pictures to the correct letter poster Amanda Banks- Literacy Coach- Wicomico County, Maryland- 2010 Two by Two Choose a President Create a timeline of the life of the president you have chosen Create a campaign brochure or flyer for your president Create a CD Jewel Case Label related to your president. Include band names, song titles and annotations as to why the songs were chosen Write the concession speech for the candidate who ran against your president Think-Tack-Toe (Elementary Plants) Draw and label the 4 parts of a plant. Use seeds to make your own plant picture What would it be like to be a seed growing into a flower? Write about this in your journal. Learn about what plants need to grow. Present your information to the class. Sort the seeds at the plant center. Make a pattern with the seeds. Count the seeds. READ Eric Carle’s book “The Seed”. Draw what you learned about how seeds travel. Read the poem, “The Seed”. Act out how a seed grows into a flower. Using the materials at the science center, plant a seed and watch it grow. Draw and write about what you see. Make a list of words that have to do with plants, seeds and gardening. Using music, show how seeds move. Think-Tack-Toe (6-8 Civil Rights Unit) Imagine (Creating) You are a child in the Selma to Montgomery march on Bloody Sunday. What are you thinking? Write a journal entry. Compare (Understanding) Compare this event to another event in the Civil Rights Movement studied or seen this month. Compose a rap song about the two events. Change (Creating) You are a Caucasian Freedom Rider coming from Ohio. What would have happened if you had fought back with violence in Selma? Draw a picture with a one sentence description. Locate (Remembering) Find where Ellen Levine talks about Viola Liuzzo. Write a journal entry stating the page and reflecting on her sacrifice. Create (Creating) Come up with a way to share with the class about something you read in Ch. 7. Get your idea approved by the teacher. Describe (Understanding) You are the media specialist. Describe this event as a news reporter on TV. Respond (Understanding) Respond to Ellen Levine or any person about whom you’ve read by writing him or her a friendly letter. Build (Applying) Build a model or diorama depicting some aspect of Ch. 7. On a notecard, write a brief explanation of your scene. Critique (Evaluating) Write an editorial for the Selma Times expressing your views on the day. Be sure to say whose perspective you are expressing. Think-Tack-Toe (9-12 Biology) Make and present a 3D model of a particular organ from one of the human body systems. Write and recite a poem about the importance of a body systems, include appropriate, relevant vocabulary. Write and perform a rap song that teaches the organs and functions of one of the human body systems. Create a visual representation of a red blood cell as it travels through the bone marrow, through the heart, to an extremity, and back. Write a children’s story from the perspective of a banana going through the human digestive system. Write an essay on the school lunch program. Include student, lunchroom personnel, and parent’s perspectives. Create a game for learning the organs and structures of the circulatory system, including blood flow. Create a PowerPoint about the health risks of obesity. Use graphs & charts to show the increase in obesity and related health issues. Create a game for learning the organs and structures of the digestive system. Imagine that you are an ancient citizen who awakens to discover that all water has evaporated. Explain in detail how this would alter your way of life. Also, do this for the town where you live. Assume you are persuading others to visit your ancient civilization. Design a descriptive, accurate travel brochure. Include both natural and man-made elements that would attract tourists. PEOPLE You are an ancient scribe. Write and illustrate a thorough description of a famous character from each time period being studied. Profile yourself also. Assume the identity of a famous person from the given time period. Create a journal entry reflecting the ideas, values, and components of daily life for that person & you. You are a famous sculptor. Create a 3D representation of a well-known leader, god, goddess, or common citizen. Include a museum exhibit card. Written language is an essential part of everyday life. Your task is to create an alphabet. Include a translation into modern English, a written description of the language development a & a 3D artifact of the new language. Recreate in 3D form a famous work of architecture from your time period. Compare and contrast this piece to one piece of modern day architecture. Find one example of this architecture’s presence in modern day society. Find a way to explain and show the importance of music and the arts to your culture. Also show at least 2 examples with roots in our time. GEOGRAPHY As an ancient mapmaker, you are commissioned to create a map of your land including all natural land forms, a compass rose and a scale. Also find examples of each land form in a modern civilization. CONTRIBUTIONS Category Choice Board (6-8 Ancient Civilizations) Charles Kyle & Kathy Reed * Illinois Dinner Menus Dinner Menus are usually set: Appetizer This means every student does this, but it does not necessarily mean that the products are exactly the same Main Dish (Select One) This is the HOT “meaty” component! Side Dishes (Select Two) These can be lower in the RBT Dessert (Everyone Shares) (Optional or Choose One) If optional can be counted like Extra Credit Menú de los Huricanes (MENU OF THE HURRICANES) APPETIZER (Everyone Shares) Define HURRICANE. How many categories are there on the Safir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale? Describe each category. SIDE DISHES (Select Two) Describe (words and visuals) the following parts of hurricanes : ~eye ~eye wall ~spiral rainbands ~low pressure MAIN DISH (Select One) --Draw a picture of a hurricane as if it were taken from space looking down on it. Make sure to appropriately labels all of the parts and rotations of the storm. --Write 2-3 paragraphs describing how a hurricane works. Be sure to describe the direction of the storm’s rotation and the role of high and low pressure within the storm. --Pretend you are in a city or town when a hurricane hits. Write 2-3 paragraphs that would detail what it would be like to be in the hurricane through the various stages. Do not forget about the types of damage that would occur. DESSERT (Optional) Name one hurricane for each category and the year it occurred. For example, Hurricane Alice in December 1954 was a Category 1 storm, causing over $600,000 in damage. Dinner Menu = Photosynthesis Appetizer (Everyone Shares) Write the chemical equation for photosynthesis Entrée (Select One) Draw a picture that shows what happens during photosynthesis. Write two paragraphs about what happens during photosynthesis. Create a rap or song that explains what happens during photosynthesis. Side Dishes (Select at Least Two) Define respiration, in writing. Compare photosynthesis to respiration using a Venn diagram. Write a journal entry from the point of view of a green plant. With a partner, create and perform a skit that shows the differences between photosynthesis and respiration. Dessert (Optional) Create a test to assess the teacher’s knowledge of photosynthesis. K-2 Measurement Dinner Menu Main Dish (Choose 1) • Measure the length of the objects in the measurement container using any of the nonstandard units we have used in class. Use the large paper clips to measure one of the tables in the classroom. Make sure to list which table you measured. Complete the “Different Units of Measure” worksheet. • • Side Dishes (Choose 2) • • • • • Read the book The Biggest Fish. Measure the length of the fish in the fishing net to the nearest inch. Then glue them onto a sentence strip from shortest to longest. Complete the “What’s My Length?” activity. Use a ruler to draw and label lines for the following measurements: 10 inches, 5 inches, 3 centimeters, 15 centimeters, 1 foot, 1 inch, 3 inches, and 10 centimeters. Organize the pictures of the objects in order from smallest to largest. Complete the “How Far to the Dragon’s Lair?” activity sheet Dessert (Optional) • • Draw a map. Label 4 locations on your map with a large dot. Using you ruler draw lines to connect these locations. Measure and label these lines on your map to the nearest inch. Write a story problem on an index card that can be solved using your map. Read How Big is a Foot? Then pick 5 objects from the measurement container to measure using a small paper clip, an eraser, and a ruler. Complete the worksheet for this activity. Point Value Menus: Totally 10/15/20, Baseball Games, Point Value Grids 2-5-8 (4-6 Gary Paulsen) Remember & Understand (2 points each) • • Create a story map/plot graph for one of the Gary Paulsen novels we have read Write a 1-page journal entry for a typical day in the life of Gary Paulsen. Write from Paulsen’s point of view. Be sure to include details from “A Life in the Day.” Apply & Analyze (5 points each) • • • Write 5 questions that someone interviewing Gary Paulsen might ask. Now pretend to be Gary Paulsen and answer the questions. Create a collage on a piece of construction paper to present the mood or tone of one of Paulsen’s stories. Use a Venn diagram to compare and contrast the main characters from two different Paulsen stories we have read. Evaluate & Create (8 points each) • • • Write a script for a news reporter that is covering the events in one of the Paulsen stories we have read Design a new book jacket for one of Paulsen’s stories Draw a cartoon with at least 8 cells which tells the continuation or “the next day” of one of Paulsen’s stories Determine what total points you want students to meet 10, 15 or 20 Multiplication Baseball Game (Total game points = 100) Singles = 10 points Doubles = 20 points • • • • • • Use the Unit Vocabulary terms to create an acrostic puzzle Use the Unit Vocabulary terms to create a reference book with definitions and examples or illustrations Use index cards to create a “Concentration” style game with vocabulary terms and their definitions Complete a Four Corners Board for each vocabulary term Play MATHO, print out the results screen when completed. • • • Watch the videos on Properties of Multiplication and the Distributive Property. Make a poster with examples and definitions of each property Complete the online Properties of Multiplication problems, print out the results screen. Watch the videos on Properties of Multiplication and the Distributive Property. Make a flip book with examples and definitions of each property Complete the online Distributive Property problems, print out the results screen Baseball Game (Total game points = 100) Triples = 30 points Homeruns = 40 points • • • • Create a 10 question online game on Estimating Products. Using number cubes, complete the “Roll and Round” worksheet Watch the Estimating Products video and complete the online problems. Print out the results screen. • • • Create a Study Guide for your classmates to use when studying for the Unit Test Create a 2-digit Multiplication BINGO game with calling cards and at least 5 different boards. Create a video demonstrating how to solve three different 2-digit multiplication problems Create a 2-digit Multiplication “I Have, Who Has” game using 16 cards. Remember that the problem on the last card has to link to the answer on the first card. Point Value Grid (3-6 Life Sciences) 2 Points List 5 living plant species. List 5 living animal species. 2 Points Label the parts of a plant and illustrate the things it needs to survive. 2 Points Illustrate an insect. and list 3 characteristics of an insect. 2 Points Write a riddle about an amphibian and one about an arachnid. 4 Points Explain why a spider is not an insect. 4 Points Compare and contrast two plants using a venn diagram. 4 Points Collage pictures of living things using magazines. 4 Points Write a poem about your favorite living species. 6 Points Select a living organism. Illustrate its life cycle using a graphic organizer. 6 Points Make a flip book illustrating the steps taken from turning a tree into paper. 6 Points Assume the identity of a living organism. Create journal entries describing your life. 8 Points Interview a wildlife specialist at a state park. Present your questions and answers in a novel way. 8 Points Diagram the levels of the rainforest. Write how your life would change if you lived in the canopy of the rainforest. 8 Points Create a diorama illustrating a natural habitat. Include animals found in that habitat. 10 Points Research an endangered species and design a how to plan to help populate the species. 12 Points Develop a 10 minute lesson on a living organism of your choice. Great Resources Laurie Westphal has written some GREAT books covering all subject areas and across grade levels Online Resources http://daretodifferentiate.wikispaces.com http://differentiationkit.wikispaces.com/Dinner+Men us http://www.pvusd.k12.ca.us/departments/GATE/ch oiceboards/MeaningfulMenus.pdf http://quality.cr.k12.ia.us/DI/DI_ChoiceBoards.html Pinterest! Questions?