DIRECTIONS:
1. Day 1: Define all vocabulary words thoroughly, so that you understand what they signify.
2. Day 2: A. READ the article provided! Research & record the answers to all questions assigned to
your expert group.
B. Prepare 10 questions with precise answers from your expert group’s information, to be
used on a quiz that the class will take on the subject of avian influenza. Submit
questions to the teacher.
3. Day 3: Share the answers to each of your expert group’s questions with the members of your
teaching group.
Avian Influenza Jigsaw Vocabulary
1. avian 2. virus 3. influenza 4. immunity 5. pathogen –
6. endemic 7. epidemic 8. pandemic 9. vaccine 10. genome 11. antibody 12. genetic engineering 13. disease reservoir 14. genetic mutation –
15. WHO 16. CDC 17. OIE 18. USG AI 19. USDA 20. APHIS 21. FAO –
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Group I. Introduction to Avian Influenza
1. Define avian influenza.
2. What are the symptoms?
3. What is the incubation period of the disease? How long do the symptoms last?
4. What do those humans exposed to the disease have in their bloodstreams?
5. How & under what conditions is the disease usually transmitted?
6. How is the disease not yet been transmitted? What would be the consequence of this mode of
transmission?
7. How can the spread of the disease in a particular location be prevented? (Hint: eradicate what?)
8. How is the disease spread from one country to another? (What is the vector?)
9. Why would it be virtually impossible to prevent the spread of the disease?
10. How is a flu vaccine made?
11. Why must a new vaccine made every year?
12. Who should get a flu vaccine? Who should not? Why?
13. Why do people who have been vaccinated still sometimes get the disease?
14. What conditions favor AI spread? (cite 6)
Group II. History of Influenza Epidemics to Date
1. Spanish Flu
♦ Date(s)& Origin of outbreak
♦ Location of first reported cases & subsequent spread
♦ Number of fatalities with time frames
♦ Why so many fatalities?
♦ Why did it spread so quickly world wide?
♦ Prevention & treatment
2. Asian Flu
♦ Date(s) & Origin of outbreak
♦ Location of first reported cases & subsequent spread
♦ Number of fatalities + time frame
♦ Prevention & treatment
3. Hong Kong Flu
♦ Date(s) & Origin of outbreak
♦ Location of first reported cases & subsequent spread
♦ Number of fatalities + time frame
♦ Prevention & treatment
4. Avian Influenza (H5N1)
♦ Date(s) & location(s) of first identified cases
♦ Dates & locations of recent outbreaks (up to & including October, 2005)
♦ Statistics of outbreaks (2003 –November 2005) (fatalities & survivors)
Group III. Etiology of Avian Influenza
1. Define etiology.
2. Where do flu viruses come from?
3. What is the origin of bird influenza?
4. What animal is the classic mixing vessel for avian & human influenzas? Explain
5. What animal is the reservoir of avian influenza? Be specific.
6. Explain the difference between H5N2 & H5N1.
7. What are the symptoms of avian influenza?
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8. What is the treatment for avian influenza?
9. How/why is it sometimes fatal?
10. How is the disease usually transmitted? (from what to what?)
11. What sort of transmission could develop that would be catastrophic to human populations?
12. How can people prevent/treat AI? (5 ways)
Group IV. Symptoms, Treatment & Prevention of Avian Influenza
1. What are the symptoms of the disease?
2. How long after exposure do disease symptoms appear?
3. How can disease transmission be prevented medically?
4. What are the methods of treatment employed for this disease?
5. Does an effective vaccine against avian influenza exist?
6. How effective is the vaccine against this disease?
7. Why is an effective avian influenza vaccine so difficult to make? (hint: genetic process)
8. How is the H5N1 vaccine made?
9. Why is the vaccine so difficult to grow?
10. What scientific process is being used to mass produce the vaccine in the U.S.?
11. What hygiene & sanitation measures can be used to prevent contracting the disease?
12. What drug(s) are used to treat the symptoms of the disease?
13. How effective are the drugs used to treat the disease?
14. What is the probable outcome of the disease?
15. What is the prognosis for disease survivors?
Group V. H5N1
1. What is H5N1?
2. What does the acronym H5N1 stand for?
3. What is the difference between H5N1 &H5N2?
4. Why is the difference between H5N1 &H5N2 significant?
5. When, where, & by whom was H5N1 first identified?
6. Can an effective vaccine be made to prevent H5N1?
7. Who is most at risk of contracting H5N1?
8. Which four federal & international organizations are working together to study, detect, monitor,
contain, & eliminate or reduce the risk of bird to human transmission?
9. Why are the organizations mentioned in # 8 above working to lessen the virus load (H5N2)?
10. Why does the deputy administrator or APHIS International Services say that APHIS “does not
anticipate putting a large American force on the ground to contain AI”?
11. In what 14 countries has H5N1 been found in birds since 12/03?
12. List 6 reasons H5N1 is considered very dangerous.
13. What are affected countries doing to combat H5N1?
14. Why are Africa & North America “at risk” of H5N1 outbreaks?
Resources: CDC website, AI primer from APHIS, National Geographic Article October 2005
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