ICPE Semester Exam Review
I. Introduction (review ALL NOTES)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Scientific Method & Metric system (SI)
Significant figures (what are the rules?)
Graphing (what are the steps, the essential parts of a graph?)
Scientific notation (round to what sort of number?)
Factor labeling ( be able to do conversions, given conversion factors)
II. Motion (speed, velocity, acceleration)
1. Speed = __________ divided by _____________.
2. Velocity = __________________ plus a ___________________.
3. If a car is driving around a curve, but maintains a constant speed, does it change
velocity? Why or why not?
4. Acceleration = rate of change in _______________.
5. A vector represents the ________________ and _______________ of a velocity.
6. If we have two velocity vectors, we can combine them by constructing a
________________ vector, using a parallelogram.
7. Negative acceleration is called ____________________.
Formulas and Units
Letter formula
SI Unit
velocity
distance
time
acceleration
(Give 2)
Problems
o Write the formula
o Express answer in scientific notation
o Check for the need for conversions
o Circle your answer including units.
o Show ALL work, including all units
Speed and Velocity
1. A motorcycle goes North 1200 meters in 85 seconds. What is its velocity?
2. A spaceship travels at a velocity of 3.70 km/s . The distance from the earth to the
moon is 3.87 x 10 5 km. How many DAYS will it take to reach the moon?
3. A downhill ski racer can cover the 2.35 mile course in exactly three minutes.
A. What is the racer’s velocity in miles/minute?
B. How many miles could he cover in 1.50 hours?
4. A top sprinter runs the hundred-yard dash in 9.62 seconds. What is the runner’s
velocity in miles per hour?
5. During a canoe race, a camper paddles 406 meters in 70 seconds. What is the average
speed in m/s?
6. The distance from home plate to the pitcher’s mound is 18.5 meters. If a pitcher is
capable of throwing a ball at 38.5 m/s, how much time will it take a thrown ball to
reach home plate?
7. Light from the sun reaches the Earth in 8.3 minutes. The speed of light is 3.0 x 108 m/s.
In meters, how far is the Earth from the Sun?
Acceleration (define acceleration)
1. An airplane goes from rest to a velocity of 80 m/s in 5 seconds. What is its rate of
acceleration?
2. You are riding your bicycle at 14 m/s. You see a pot hole which you cannot avoid and
slow down to 4 m/s in 1.5 seconds to soften the impact. What is your acceleration?
3. If a car starts from rest and reaches 62 m/s in 4 seconds, what is its acceleration in
m/sec2?
4. Han Solo puts the Millennium Falcon into hyper-drive and the ship accelerates from
250,000 m/s to 800,000 m/s in 3.5 seconds. What is the rate of acceleration?
5. A Cheetah changes speed from 20 mi/hr to 60 mi/hr in 3 seconds. What is its acceleration?
Free fall & Newton’s Laws (inertia, terminal velocity, friction, free fall)
1. What are the three Newton’s laws of motion?
2. Which Newton’s Law is called the law of inertia?
3. What does F = ma mean? Which Newton’s Law is it?
4. Define inertia, terminal velocity, friction.
5. What is free fall?
6. What is g? What is the true value of g?
7. What kind of velocity (vertical ie. free fall or horizontal) would be calculated using v=gt?
III. Energy (momentum, impulse, conservation of momentum, conservation of E, elastic & inelastic collisions,
work, power, PE vs. KE, )
1. Which of the following has the largest momentum relative to Earth?
A. a person walking down the street B. a truck and horse trailer traveling on the highway
C. a large truck parked D. a school building E. a space shuttle in its hangar
2. A truck is going the speed limit on the highway. We magically add a load of hay to the truck,
doubling its mass, while it continues at its original speed. The truck’s momentum is___.
A. Quadrupled B. doubled C. the same as before
3. The change in momentum is equal to___.
A. Power B. impulse C. work D. force
4. A large truck and a small car are both driving the speed limit on the highway. The car has ___.
A. more momentum B. less momentum C. more acceleration D. less acceleration
5. A man and a woman do the same amount of work. The woman does the job faster than the man.
The woman has more ___.
A. Power B. work C. force D. impulse E. momentum
6. In order to have kinetic energy, an object must be___.
A. at rest B. in an elevated position C. moving
7. Which requires more work?
A. lifting a 50 kg sack vertically 2 m B. lifting a 25 kg sack vertically 5 m
8. An object at rest may be said to have___.
A. Impulse B. work C. power D. kinetic energy E. potential energy
9. A collision that causes deformation, generation of heat or both is an example of a(n)
___________________________ collision.
10. Energy can neither be ___________________ nor ______________________ according to the law of
the conservation of energy.
11. Increasing the time interval that a force is applied (decreases) (increases) the force.
12. Another term for (Newton)(meter) is __________________.
13. Granny is roller skating and picks up her grandson Ambrose. Granny’s momentum before picking
up Ambrose is (greater than) (less than) (equal to) her momentum after picking up Ambrose.
14. The _____________________ of momentum states that the momentum before a collision is equal
to the momentum after a collision.
15. Colliding objects rebound without lasting deformation or the generation of heat. This is an example
of a(n) ______________________ collision.
16. Small changes in _____________ create large changes in _________ __________
17. A 10 kg medicine ball is thrown at 30 m/s. What is the momentum of the medicine ball?
18. A car has a momentum of 4500kg-m/s and is traveling at 15m/s. What is the mass of the car?
19. A block is pushed up a 15m frictionless surface with a force of 5N. How much work is done?
20. A block is pushed up a 20m frictionless surface with a force of 4N. How much work is done?
21. A girl pushes a ball up a 40m frictionless surface with a force of 10N, and it took 15s. How much
power did she use?
22. The height of a ramp is 35m. How much does a package weigh if 70J of work are needed to slide it
up the ramp?
23. Using 100J of work, an elevator is raised from the ground to the second floor in 10s. How much
power does the elevator use?
24. Bronco Brown leaps from a high cliff, attached to a bungee cord. He reaches top speed in 6
seconds. The cliff is 700 m high. His mass is 100 kg. He reaches the bottom of his fall in
9 sec. A. What is his PE before he jumps from the cliff? B. What is his velocity after 6 sec.?
C. What is his momentum after 6 sec.? D. Impulse during the 3 sec. interval of slowing down
is ______________________?
E. What is the force on the bungee cord during the 3 sec. of slowing down?
IV. Gravity (inverse square law, center of gravity)
1. According to Newton, the greater the masses of interacting objects the
a. less gravitational force between them. b. greater the gravitational force between them.
c. gravitational force does not change.
2. The greater the distance between masses the
a. less gravitational force between them. b. greater the gravitational force between them.
c. gravitational force does not change.
3. What is the force of gravity on a 400N woman standing on the earth’s surface?
a. 1000N b. 400N c. (400N)2
4. If a woman were standing on top of Longs Peak, her gravitational force
a. would be slightly more. b. would be slightly less. c. would not change.
5. If your mass and the Earth’s mass both doubled, yet everything else stayed the same size, your
weight would
a. stay the same b. double c. quadruple
6. What would happen to the tides if the mass of the Moon was doubled and stayed the same distance
from Earth?
a. Stay the same b. Increase c. Decrease
7. If I move Earth to 12 times its current distance from the sun, what would happen to the force of
gravity we feel from the sun?
a. Gravity would be 12 times what it is now. b. Gravity would be 144 times what it is now.
c. Gravity would be 1/12 what it is now. d. Gravity would be 1/144 what it is now.
8. Planets would crash into the sun if it weren’t for
a. their vast distances b. their relatively small masses c. their tangential velocities
9. The point located at the center of an objects weight distribution is that objects
________________________________.
10. A high center of gravity is ____________(less) (more) stable than a low center of gravity.
11. (Distance) (Mass) _________________has a greater effect on the force of gravity.
12. If the Earth’s mass did not change, however it had twice its current radius, your weight would
_________________________________.
VI. Density and Electricity (density, electrical potential, current, voltage, electrical power, AC, DC,
series circuit, parallel circuit)
1. Density is _____ .
A. amount of mass per unit volume B. amount of weight per unit volume
C. amount of volume per unit weight D. amount of volume per unit mass
2. You have a kilogram of each of the following. Which is the most dense?
A. poplar B. pine C. walnut D. oak E. copper
3. One milliliter is equal to ___ cm3.
4. Which has greater density, a kilogram of water or a gram of water?
5. Which has more mass, a kilogram of poplar or a kilogram of copper?
6. Which has more volume, 10 kg of styrofoam or 10 kg of copper?
7. In the density lab, which method of finding volume usually gave a smaller percentage error?
A. measuring with a ruler and multiplying B. submersion
C. they always gave the same volume D. none of these
8. Which is more dense, aluminum or brass?
9. What is the density of an object with a volume of 10 cm3 and a mass of 50 grams?
10. The density of water is ___ g/ cm3.
11. An electrical circuit in which electrical devices are connected in such a way that the same voltage acts
across each one of the electrical devices is a ______ circuit. (series or parallel)
12. An electrical circuit in which electrical devices are connected in such a way that any one completes
The circuit independently of all the others is a ____ circuit. (series or parallel)
13. An electrical circuit in which electrical devices are connected in such a way that the same electric
current exists in each of them is called a ___ circuit. (series or parallel)
14. Another name for voltage is ______________ _______________.
15. Ohm’s Law states that ____ = voltage / resistance.
16. Electrical power = current times ____.
17. A battery produces __ current. (AC or DC)
18. An electrical outlet produces ___ current. (AC or DC)
19. In ____ , electrons flow in only one direction, rather than switching directions. (AC or DC)
20. The cost of electricity in Ft. Collins is $.07/kw-hr or 7 cents per kw-hr. If a 120 W appliance runs
8 hours a day for month, how much does it cost to run?
VII. Chemistry –Atomic Structure (protons, neutrons, electrons, atomic nucleus, atomic number,
atomic mass number, isotope, atom models, half-life, radiometric dating)
1.
2.
3.
4.
What is the charge on a neutron? A proton? An electron?
What does the atomic number tell us about an element?
How many electrons does an element with 15 protons have?
Which atomic particles are found in the nucleus?
5.
If an element has an atomic number of 14 and an atomic mass number of 35, how many neutrons
does it have?
6. Where in an atom are electrons found?
7. Which atomic particles determine the physical properties of an element?
8. Whose atomic structure model is called the planetary model? Describe it.
9. Whose atomic structure model is called the electron-wave cloud model? Describe it.
10. Whose atomic structure model is called the quantum model? Describe it.
11. What element are 90% of all atoms?
12. What four elements make up all living things?
13. Which two atomic particles are most of the mass of an atom?
14. What 2 things did Ernest Rutherford discover about the structure of the atomic nucleus?
15. What is an atomic spectrum?
16. What are the “fingerprints” of an atom?
17. What is an isotope?
18. Which atomic structure model has electrons traveling on a specific orbital path around the nucleus?
19. Which atomic structure model has electrons traveling on a wave or cloud around the nucleus?
20. Which atomic structure model has electrons traveling in a region around the nucleus?
21. Which atomic structure model involves using probability to determine the location of electrons?
22. Define half-life.
23. Is radioactive decay a constant known rate or is it random?
24. If the half life of an isotope is 2 days, and we start with a 100g sample, how much will be remaining
after 2 days? 4 days? 6 days?
25. What is Carbon 14, and how is it used in radiometric dating? What is its half-life? Is it strictly
accurate?