Timber Resource
Statistics For Eastern
Oregon, 1999
David L. Azuma, Paul A. Dunham,
Bruce A. Hiserote, and
Charles F. Veneklase
Resource Bulletin
PNW-RB-238
October 2004
REVISED
United States
Department of
Agriculture
Forest
Service
Pacific Northwest
Research Station
Authors
David L. Azuma is a research forester, Paul A. Dunham is a forester, Bruce A.
Hiserote is a forester, and Charles F. Veneklase is a computer specialist, Forestry
Sciences Laboratory, P.O. Box 3890, Portland, OR 97208-3890.
Abstract
Azuma, David L.; Dunham, Paul A.; Hiserote, Bruce A.; Veneklase,
Charles F. 2004. Timber resource statistics for eastern Oregon, 1999. Rev. Resour.
Bull. PNW-RB-238. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service,
Pacific Northwest Research Station. 42 p.
This report is a summary of timber resource statistics for eastern Oregon, which includes Baker, Crook, Deschutes, Gilliam, Grant, Harney, Jefferson, Klamath, Lake,
Malheur, Morrow, Sherman, Umatilla, Union, Wallowa, Wasco, and Wheeler Counties.
Data were collected as part of a statewide multiresource inventory. The inventory
sampled all private and public lands except those administered by the National Forest
System. The National Forest System provided area statistics from their regional inventories of the various forests. Statistical tables summarize all ownerships and provide estimates of land area, timber volume, growth, mortality, and harvest.
Keywords: Forest surveys, forest inventory, statistics (forest), timber resources, resources (forest), eastern Oregon.
Summary
Eastern Oregon has an estimated 42.2 million acres of land. About 32 percent of this
land is forested with 76 percent of the forested portion being nonreserved timberland.
About 71 percent of the timberland exists on National Forest System lands. Within the
timberland area outside of national forests, net volume of growing stock is estimated as
3.5 billion cubic feet. About 41 percent of the growing-stock volume is on forest industry
land, 48 percent on other private land, and 11 percent on other public land. Approximately 99 percent of the total growing-stock volume is in coniferous species, with ponderosa pine accounting for 43 percent followed by Douglas-fir at 22 percent of the conifer
volume. Estimated net annual growth of growing stock for nonfederal lands is 59 million
cubic feet, and average annual mortality for this timber is an estimated 45 million cubic
feet.
Preface
Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) is a nationwide program of the USDA Forest Service
authorized by the Forest and Rangeland Renewable Resources Research Act of 1978.
Work units, located at Forest Service research and experiment stations, conduct forest
resource inventories throughout the 50 states. The FIA Program of the Pacific Northwest
Research Station in Portland, Oregon, is responsible for forest inventories in Alaska,
California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.
i
Contents
v
Counties in Eastern Oregon
1
1
Introduction
Inventory Procedures (Nonfederal Lands)
2
Land and Water Area Updated
2
Change in Ownership Definitions
2
Analysis of Change Between Inventories for Nonfederal Lands
2
Highlights
3
4
Reliability of Inventory Data
Terminology
9
Names of Trees
10 Acknowledgments
10 Metric Equivalents
10 Literature Cited
ii
List of Tables
Table 1—Estimated land area, by county, land class, and administrative status, eastern
Oregon, 1999
Table 2—Estimated area of reserved timberland outside of national forests, and other
forest land, by forest type, eastern Oregon, 1999
Table 3—Estimated area of timberland, by county and owner class, eastern Oregon,
1999
Table 4—Estimated area of timberland outside of national forests, by county and forest
type, eastern Oregon, 1999
Table 5—Estimated area of timberland outside of national forests, by county and standsize class, eastern Oregon, 1999
Table 6—Estimated area of timberland outside of national forests, by forest type and
owner class, eastern Oregon, 1999
Table 7—Estimated area of timberland outside of national forests, by owner class,
stand-size class, and forest type group, eastern Oregon, 1999
Table 8—Estimated area of timberland, by cubic-foot site class and owner class, eastern
Oregon, 1999
Table 9—Estimated area of timberland outside of national forests, by forest type and
stand-size class, eastern Oregon, 1999
Table 10—Estimated number of growing-stock trees on timberland outside of national
forests, by species and diameter class, eastern Oregon, 1999
Table 11—Estimated net volume of growing stock and sawtimber on timberland outside
of national forests, by class of timber, owner class, and species group, eastern Oregon,
1999
Table 12—Estimated net volume of growing stock on timberland outside of national
forests, by species and diameter class, eastern Oregon, 1999
Table 13—Estimated net volume of sawtimber on timberland outside of national forests,
by species and diameter class, eastern Oregon, 1999
Table 14—Estimated net volume of growing stock on timberland outside of national
forests, by species and owner class, eastern Oregon, 1999
Table 15—Estimated net volume of sawtimber on timberland outside of national forests,
by species and owner class, eastern Oregon, 1999
Table 16—Estimated net volume of growing stock on timberland outside of national
forests, by forest type and stand-size class, eastern Oregon, 1999
Table 17—Estimated net volume of sawtimber on timberland outside of national forests,
by forest type and stand-size class, eastern Oregon, 1999
Table 18—Estimated net volume of growing stock on timberland outside of national forests, by forest type and owner class, eastern Oregon, 1999
Table 19—Estimated net volume of sawtimber on timberland outside of national forests,
by forest type and owner class, eastern Oregon, 1999
Table 20—Estimated net volume of timber on timberland outside of national forests, by
class of timber and species group, eastern Oregon, 1999
iii
Table 21—Estimated current gross annual growth of growing stock on timberland outside
of national forests, by owner class and species group, eastern Oregon, 1999
Table 22—Estimated current net annual growth of growing stock on timberland outside
of national forests, by forest type and owner class, eastern Oregon, 1999
Table 23—Estimated current net annual growth of sawtimber on timberland outside of
national forests, by forest type and owner class, eastern Oregon, 1999
Table 24—Estimated average annual mortality of growing stock on timberland outside of
national forests, by forest type and owner class, eastern Oregon, 1999
Table 25—Estimated average annual mortality of sawtimber on timberland outside of
national forests, by forest type and owner class, eastern Oregon, 1999
Table 26—Estimated area, net volume of growing stock and net volume of sawtimber
on timberland outside of national forests, by stand age and owner class, eastern
Oregon, 1999
Table 27—Estimated gross annual growth, average annual mortality, and average annual
removals of growing stock on timberland outside of national forests, by owner and species, eastern Oregon, 1999
Table 28—Estimated gross annual growth, average annual mortality, and average annual
removals of sawtimber on timberland outside of national forests, by owner and species,
eastern Oregon, 1999
Table 29—Estimated changes in area of timberland outside of national forests, by owner
class, eastern Oregon, 1988, 1999
Table 30—Estimated changes in net volume of growing stock on timberland outside of
national forests, by species group and owner class, eastern Oregon, 1988, 1999
Table 31—Estimated changes in net volume of sawtimber on timberland outside of
national forests, by species group and owner class, eastern Oregon, 1988, 1999
Table 32—Estimated timber harvest volume by year and owner class, eastern Oregon,
1962 to 2000
iv
v
Introduction
The Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) unit of the Pacific Northwest Research Station
conducted a multiresource inventory in eastern Oregon’s forests in 1998 and 1999. This
inventory included all lands except those administered by the USDA Forest Service. This
report summarizes the timber resource statistics for eastern Oregon’s forests. Some
statistical tables include inventory data provided by the USDA Forest Service for area on
their lands. Other resources sampled but not included in this report include understory
vegetation, crown cover, coarse woody debris, and snags. These data will lead to further
analysis of the status of eastern Oregon’s forests.
The FIA unit has been reporting statistics for eastern Oregon since the 1930s. Bolsinger
and Berger (1975), Farrenkopf (1982), and Gedney et al. (1989) reported inventory statistics in the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s, respectively. The current sampling system is a systematic grid of plots implemented in the early 1960s. McKay et al. (1994) used an
updated 1992 data set to report the latest forest statistics for eastern Oregon.
This report contains statistical tables that provide current estimates of forest land area,
number of trees, timber volume, growth, mortality, and harvest. In several tables, data
supplied for the 1997 Resources Planning Act (RPA) (Smith et al. 2001) by the National
Forest System are incorporated. Estimates are provided of change in volume and area
of nonfederal lands between the 1980s and the present inventory. Change estimates are
not available for federal lands. The national forest statistics include areas that are withdrawn from full production but still meet the FIA definition of timberland. National forest
lands are not all equally available for timber production owing to various management
decisions.
Inventory
Procedures
(Nonfederal Lands)
Eastern Oregon was inventoried by using a double sampling for stratification scheme
(Cochran 1977). The sampling is implemented on a permanent systematic grid producing
an even geographic distribution of both secondary (field) and primary (photo) plots across
the state. Photo plots are placed at random inside each square of the grid.
The primary sample for eastern Oregon consists of a grid of nearly 70,000 points established in 1987 by using aerial photography from 1982 with some updates from 1994.
Data collected on each point included, but were not limited to, land use, plant community, and stage of development. For conifer stands, percentage of crown cover and a
height code also were collected. The primary sample is used for the stratification of the
secondary sample points to increase the precision of estimates.
The secondary sample consisted of 4,378 forest and nonforest field locations established
in previous inventories and remeasured or reclassified in the 1998-99 period. This sample
represents about a 1 in 16 subsample of the primary grid. The ratio of 1 field to 16 photo
plots provides a sufficient number of plots to meet the required sampling precision for
estimates of forest area and volume.
The national forest plots were taken on a similar grid system with a different plot design
(Max et. al 1996). The data were collected for these inventories between 1993 and 1996.
The 1998 FIA inventory also included reserved lands, which were excluded from previous
FIA inventories. The major addition is from Crater Lake National Park with about 220,000
acres.
In 1986, a cluster of five subplots covering an area of about 8 acres was installed at timberland grid locations. At that time, the cluster of subplots sampled a single homogeneous condition, by moving subplots into the condition if necessary. At each subplot,
variable-radius sampling was used to select trees over 5 inches diameter at breast
height (d.b.h.), and a fixed-radius plot was used to sample seedlings and saplings.
1
In 1998, the sampling design was modified to remove potential bias inherent in the 1986
procedures. The term “condition class” was defined for the modified design to identify
different situations that could occur on a plot. A condition class, or “condition,” refers to
an area with a distinct land class (timberland, woodland, nonforest, etc.) and vegetative
condition (forest type, stand age, etc.). The modified design requires that all subplots for
a cluster (the plot) remain fixed. For plots that straddle two or more conditions, we now
sample all conditions by mapping the boundaries around each condition essentially subdividing the plot. The information pertinent to each condition was recorded as condition
class attributes. When multiple conditions exist on a plot, all data in one condition are
processed together. This can impact the amount of information available for classifying
stand characteristics, such as forest type, stand size, and stand age. For example, on
4,378 secondary sample locations outside of national forest lands in the 1998 inventory,
4,768 condition classes were sampled, of which 586 were timberland conditions. On the
464 plots that contained a timberland condition, roads were the most common nonforest
condition followed by grassland steppe or high desert shrub land.
Land and Water Area
Updated
The Bureau of the Census compiles and publishes the area of land and water in the
United States every 10 years. These area figures, available by state and county, are
accepted and used by FIA in Portland as the gross number of acres to be inventoried
in each county. The previous inventory was based on 1980 census data, and the current
inventory uses 1990 census figures. Raster-scanned U.S. Geological Survey topographic
maps and a geographic information system are now used by the Bureau of the Census
to identify water bodies and landforms and to determine the size of areas much smaller
than was possible previously. As a result, the definition of inland water was changed
to reflect the finer resolution: streams with a minimum width of 200 feet are now recognized, compared to 660 feet in 1980; and small water bodies are now at least
4.5 acres in size, compared to 40 acres in the past.
Change in
Ownership
Definitions
Lands owned by Native Americans are now classified as “other private.” In the 1988 inventory, these lands were defined as “other public.” Forest industry is no longer divided
into two categories: “forest industry with mills” or “forest industry without mills”; instead
both are now classed as forest industry.
Analysis of Change
Between Inventories
for Nonfederal
Lands
To analyze change in forest statistics, the 1987 data were recompiled to account for
technical changes in the 1998-99 inventory. The summaries presented in tables 29
through 31 have been developed from remeasured plots outside of National Forest System lands and include recompiled data from the 1987 inventory. Volume in the change
tables is based on trees that were either measured twice, or measured for the first time
in the 1998-99 inventory and were projected backward for the 1987 values. Caution
should be used in comparing present statistics and those published by Gedney et al.
(1989), because of the procedural changes.
Access was denied on and trees were not projected forward from the previous inventory
on 137,000 acres representing approximately 197 million cubic feet in the 1988 inventory.
The volume and area for these plots are shown as losses in the area and volume change
tables. These lands are not actually withdrawn from the resource base but are reported
as losses for comparison purposes.
Highlights
2
National forest timber harvests have dramatically declined in the 1990s. From 1970 to
1989, timber harvest volume from national forests averaged 1.16 billion board feet per
year. That number dropped to 0.47 billion per year between 1990 and 2000, with an average of 0.24 billion from 1994 to 2000, a decrease of 79 percent from the 1970 to 1989
period.
Private lands, composing only 28 percent of the timberland in eastern Oregon, produced
on average, 34 percent of the harvest volume per year in the 1980s, and 62 percent from
1990 to 2000. There has been a decline in standing volume on private lands from the
1988 inventory of 4.7 to 3.5 billion cubic feet in 1999. In the last 11 years, periodic removals are about 2.5 percent greater than the periodic gross growth. If mortality is included
as lost volume, the volume lost is 27 percent greater than growth.
Less than 3 percent of timberland outside of the National Forest System has a large
sawtimber size class (average stand d.b.h. greater than 21 inches). Of forest industry
timberland, 56 percent has a small sawtimber size class (average stand d.b.h. between
9 and 21 inches); the percentage for other lands outside of national forests is 69 percent.
The small sawtimber size class accounts for 83 percent of the growing-stock volume and
87 percent of the sawtimber volume in eastern Oregon.
There was little net change in land use in eastern Oregon between 1988 and 1999. An
estimated 50,000 acres of the 2.9 million timberland acres went to another land use,
32,000 acres going to urban uses and the rest to roads. An estimated 40,000 acres
moved into the timberland class; most of these areas had marginal tree stocking at the
previous inventory. The timber volume associated with plots leaving timberland designation was about 95 million cubic feet; the volume on land becoming timberland was about
3 million cubic feet. The net loss in volume is much more substantial than the loss in
acres.
Access was denied to about 137,000 acres in the 1998 inventory.
Reliability of
Inventory Data
Inventories are designed to provide sampling errors consistent with national standards
set by the USDA Forest Service. The target sampling errors for total timberland area
are 3 percent per million acres, and 10 percent per billion cubic feet of growing-stock
volume.
The sample design for this inventory provides the highest precision when estimates are
aggregated for all of eastern Oregon. As the sample is divided into smaller units, the confidence intervals increase as a proportion of the estimate. Confidence intervals are quantitative expressions of the variability inherent in the sampling and estimation procedures.
The tabulation below indicates, for instance, a 68-percent (one standard error) chance
that the true timberland area outside of national forest (estimated at 2,945,000 acres) is
within the range of 2,867,000 to 3,023,000 acres.
Area estimates and standard errors for timberland outside of national forests, by owner
class, are displayed below:
Owner
Other public
Forest industry
Other private
All owners
Timberland area
Net volume
Thousand acres
Million cubic feet
236±30
1,603±75
1,105±74
2,945±78
428±78
1,558±99
1,839±148
3,825±184
3
Confidence intervals vary with the size of the estimate and the amount of variance associated with the estimate. The following is a set of approximate confidence intervals calculated by using a regression analysis between actual standard error and the estimate
involved. These approximate intervals allow the user to estimate the error around all values in the following tables. These regressions have r-square values greater than 0.80,
indicating that 80 percent of the variance in the relation was explained by the equation.
The actual error estimates for cells in tables can be obtained from the Portland FIA unit.
Timberland area
Estimate
Confidence interval
– –Thousand acres – –
3,000
2,000
1,500
1,000
800
600
400
200
100
50
25
15
10
5
Terminology
Growing-stock volume
±93
±76
±66
±54
±48
±42
±34
±25
±18
±13
±10
±8
±6
±5
Percent
3
4
4
5
6
7
8
12
18
26
40
53
60
99
Estimate
Confidence interval
– – Million cubic feet – –
6,000
4,000
2,000
1,000
800
600
400
200
100
50
±326
±230
±134
±86
±77
±67
±58
±48
±43
±41
Percent
5
6
8
9
10
11
14
24
43
82
Available other forest land—Forest land incapable of growing 20 cubic feet per acre
per year (mean annual increment at culmination in fully stocked, natural stands) of industrial wood because of adverse conditions such as sterile soils, dry climate, poor
drainage, subalpine sites, steepness, or rockiness but available for harvest.
Bureau of Land Management land—Land administered by the U.S. Department of
the Interior, Bureau of Land Management.
Class of timber—A classification of trees as growing stock, cull, and salvable dead.
Growing-stock trees are divided into poletimber and sawtimber trees.
Condition class—A mapped area on a plot with a distinct land class (for example, timberland, oak woodland, nonforest) or a distinct vegetative condition (for example, forest
type, stand size). The condition identified at plot center is the only condition that is
remeasured and used for the analysis of periodic change.
County and municipal lands—Lands owned by county and other municipalities.
Cull trees—Live trees of noncommercial species, and live trees of commercial species
that are more than 75 percent defective. Noncommercial species are junipers, Pacific
yew, Pacific dogwood, apple, and willow. Cull trees are not growing-stock trees.
Cull trees, rotten—Cull trees with defect caused primarily by rot.
Cull trees, sound—Trees of noncommercial species or cull trees of commercial species
with defect caused primarily by poor form and roughness.
4
Diameter class—A classification of trees based on diameter outside the bark measured
at breast height, 4½ feet above the ground. The common abbreviation for diameter at
breast height is d.b.h. Trees are grouped into 2-inch classes up to 21 inches d.b.h., after
which the class intervals become broader.
Even-aged stands—Stands where 70 percent or more of the tree stocking falls within
three adjacent 10-year age classes.
Farmer-owned lands—Lands owned by the operators of farms.
Forest industry lands—Lands owned by companies that grow timber for industrial use.
Includes companies both with and without wood processing plants.
Forest land—Land at least 10 percent stocked with live trees, or land that had this minimum tree stocking in the past and is not currently developed for nonforest use. The minimum area recognized is 1 acre.
Forest types—Stands are assigned a pure softwood, pure hardwood, softwood-hardwood
mix, or hardwood-softwood mix. Stands with 70 percent or more of the stocking in live
softwood trees are classified as pure softwood types and are assigned the type name
of the softwood species with the greatest stocking among all softwoods on the condition class plot. Stands with 70 percent or more of the stocking in live hardwood trees
are classified as pure hardwood types and are assigned the type name of the hardwood
species with the greatest stocking among all hardwoods on the condition class plot.
Mixed species types are assigned if softwood stocking is between 31 to 69 percent total
stocking on the plot: stands with 50 to 69 percent of the stocking in live softwood trees
are classed as softwood-hardwood types, and receive a type name that includes the
softwood species with the greatest softwood stocking, followed by the hardwood species with the greatest hardwood stocking; stands with 51 to 69 percent of the stocking
in live hardwood trees are classed as hardwood-softwood types, and receive a type name
that includes the hardwood species with the greatest hardwood stocking, followed by
the softwood species with the greatest softwood stocking. For ease in reporting, the
secondary forest type will be identified after a slash as “softwood” or “hardwood” in the
summary tables
Growing-stock trees—All live trees except cull trees (see “cull trees”).
Growing-stock volume—Net volume in cubic feet of live sawtimber and poletimber
growing-stock trees from the top of a stump 12 inches tall to a minimum 4-inch top
(of central stem) inside the bark. Net volume is gross volume less deductions for rot
and missing bole sections.
Growth, current net annual, growing stock—The increase in growing-stock volume
on timberland during the last year of the period between the previous and current inventories. Components of current net annual growth for growing-stock volume include (a) the
increment in net volume of poletimber and sawtimber growing-stock trees alive at the
beginning of the year and surviving to year end; plus (b) ingrowth, the net volume of
growing-stock trees reaching poletimber or sawtimber size during the year; minus (c)
mortality, the net volume of poletimber and sawtimber growing-stock trees that died during the year.
Growth, current net annual, sawtimber—The increase in sawtimber volume on timberland during the last year of the period between the previous and current inventories.
Components of current net annual growth for sawtimber volume include (a) the increment
5
in net volume of sawtimber trees alive at the beginning of the year and surviving to year
end; plus (b) ingrowth, the net volume of trees reaching sawtimber size during the year;
minus (c) mortality, the net volume of sawtimber trees that died during the year.
Growth, periodic gross, growing stock—The increase in growing-stock volume between the previous and current inventories that is attributable to increasing tree size.
Periodic gross growth includes (a) the increment in net volume of poletimber and sawtimber growing-stock trees alive at both the previous and current inventories; (b) the increment in net volume of poletimber and sawtimber growing-stock trees alive at the previous
inventory and harvested between inventories; and (c) ingrowth, the net volume of
growing-stock trees reaching poletimber or sawtimber size between inventories.
Growth, periodic gross, sawtimber—The increase in sawtimber volume between the
previous and current inventories that is attributable to increasing tree size. Periodic gross
growth includes (a) the increment in net volume of sawtimber trees alive at both the previous and current inventories; (b) the increment in net volume of sawtimber trees alive at
the previous inventory and harvested between inventories; and (c) ingrowth, the net volume of trees reaching sawtimber size between inventories.
Hardwoods—Nonconiferous trees, usually broadleaved. See “Names of Trees” for a list
of hardwood species in this report.
Industrial wood—All commercial roundwood products except fuelwood. Roundwood
includes logs or bolts that are in straight sections at least 8 feet long for hardwoods and
12 feet long for softwoods.
Land area—Area reported as land by the Bureau of the Census (U.S. Department of
Commerce 1990). Total land area includes dry land and land temporarily or partially covered by water, such as marshes, swamps, and river flood plains; streams, sloughs, and
canals less than 200 feet wide; and lakes, reservoirs, and ponds less than 4.5 acres in
area.
Land class—A classification of land by major use. The minimum area for classification
is 1 acre.
Mean annual increment (MAI) at culmination—A measure of the productivity of forest land expressed as the average increase in cubic-foot volume per acre per year. For
a given species and site index, the mean is based on the age at which the MAI culminates for fully stocked natural stands. The MAI is based on the site index of the plot.
Mortality, average annual, growing stock—The annual net volume of poletimber and
sawtimber growing-stock trees that died between the previous and current inventories.
Mortality, average annual, sawtimber—The annual net volume of sawtimber trees
that died between the previous and current inventories.
Mortality, periodic, growing stock—The net volume of poletimber and sawtimber
growing-stock trees that died between the previous and current inventories not including
removals.
National forest lands—Federal lands that have been designated by Executive order or
statute as national forest or purchase units and other lands under the administration of
the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, including experimental areas and
Bankhead-Jones Title III lands.
6
Native American lands—Tribal lands, and allotted lands held in trust by the federal
government. Native American lands are grouped with farmer and miscellaneous private
lands as other private lands.
Net volume—Gross volume less deductions for sound and rotten defects. Growingstock net volume is gross cubic-foot volume less deductions for rot and missing bole
sections on poletimber and sawtimber growing-stock trees. Sawtimber net volume is
gross board-foot volume less deductions for rot, sweep, crook, missing bole sections,
and other defects that affect the use of sawtimber trees for lumber.
Noncommercial species—A tree species not commonly used for industrial wood products: junipers, Pacific yew, Pacific dogwood, apple, and willow. Noncommercial species
will not be included in growing-stock volume tables; however, if one or more of these species dominate on a plot, the forest type might be classified as a noncommercial species.
Nonforest land—Land that has never supported forests or formerly was forested and
currently is developed for nonforest uses. Included are lands used for agricultural crops,
Christmas tree farms, cottonwood plantations, improved pasture, residential areas, city
parks, constructed roads, operating railroads and their right-of-way clearings, powerline
and pipeline clearings, streams more than 30 feet wide, and 1- to 40-acre areas of water
classified by the Bureau of the Census, U.S. Department of Commerce, as land. If intermingled in forest areas, unimproved roads and other nonforest strips must be more than
120 feet wide, and clearings or other areas must be 1 acre or larger to qualify as
nonforest land.
Nonstocked areas—Timberland less than 10 percent stocked with live trees. Recent
clearcuts scheduled for planting are classified as nonstocked area.
Other private lands—Private lands not owned by forest industry. Native American
lands, farmer-owned lands, and miscellaneous private lands are included.
Other public lands—Lands administered by public agencies other than the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service and U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of
Land Management. Other public lands do not include Native American lands, which are
included with other private lands.
Poletimber stands—Stands with a quadratic mean diameter (mean diameter weighted
by basal area) from 5.0 to 9.0 inches at breast height if a softwood stand and from 5.0
to 11.0 inches at breast height if a hardwood stand.
Poletimber trees—Live growing-stock trees of commercial species that are 5.0 inches
in d.b.h. or larger but smaller than sawtimber trees.
Reserved other forest—Forest land incapable of growing 20 cubic feet per acre per
year (mean annual increment at culmination in fully stocked, natural stands) of industrial
wood that has been dedicated to noncommodity use through statute, ordinance, or administrative order.
Reserved timberland—Forest land capable of growing 20 cubic feet or more per acre
per year (mean annual increment at culmination in fully stocked, natural stands) of industrial wood that has been dedicated to noncommodity use through statute, ordinance,
or administrative order.
Roundwood—Logs, bolts, or other round sections cut from trees.
Sapling and seedling stands—Stands with a quadratic mean diameter (mean diameter
weighted by basal area) less than 5.0 inches at breast height.
7
Sapling and seedling trees—Live trees of commercial species that are less than
5.0 inches in d.b.h. with a minimum height of 6.0 inches and have no diseases, defects,
or deformities likely to prevent their becoming poletimber trees. Saplings have a minimum diameter of 1.0 inch.
Saw-log portion—The bole of sawtimber trees between the stump and the saw-log top.
Saw-log top is 7.0 inches in diameter outside bark on softwoods and 9.0 inches in diameter outside bark on hardwoods.
Sawtimber stands—Stands with a quadratic mean diameter (mean diameter weighted
by basal area) 9.0 inches and larger at breast height if a softwood stand and 11.0 inches
and larger at breast height if a hardwood stand. Small sawtimber stands are sawtimber
stands with a mean diameter (weighted by basal area) less than 21.0 inches at breast
height. Large sawtimber stands are sawtimber stands that have a mean diameter 21.0
inches or larger at breast height.
Sawtimber trees—Live softwood trees of commercial species at least 9.0 inches in
d.b.h. and live hardwood trees of commercial species at least 11.0 inches in d.b.h. At
least 25 percent of the board-foot volume in a sawtimber tree must be free from defect.
Softwood trees must contain at least one 12-foot saw log with a top diameter of not less
than 7 inches outside bark; hardwood trees must contain at least one 8-foot saw log with
a top diameter of not less than 9 inches outside bark.
Sawtimber volume—Net volume of sawtimber trees measured in board feet. Softwood
volume is estimated from the top of a stump 12 inches tall up to a minimum 6-inch top
diameter, inside bark, and hardwood volume is estimated from the top of a stump 12
inches tall up to a minimum 8-inch top diameter, inside bark. Net sawtimber volume
equals gross volume less deduction for rot, sweep, crook, and other defects that affect
use for lumber.
Scribner rule—The common board-foot log rule used locally in eastern Oregon to determine sawtimber volume. Scribner volume is estimated in terms of 16-foot logs for softwoods and hardwoods. See “Sawtimber volume” for utilization limits.
Site class—A classification of the potential productivity of forest land expressed as
mean annual increment (MAI) at culmination in fully stocked natural stands. Six classes
in this report are based on a range of MAI values that were calculated on every plot.
Site index—A measure of the productivity of forest land expressed as the average
height of dominant and codominant trees at a specified age.
Softwoods—Coniferous trees, usually evergreen, with needles or scalelike leaves. See
“Names of Trees” for a list of softwood species in this report.
Stand age—The 10-year age class that best characterizes the stand. See “even-aged
stand” and “uneven-aged stand” for more details.
Stand-size class—A classification of stands based on tree size. Stand-size classes
are sawtimber, poletimber, and sapling-seedling stands.
State lands—Lands owned by states or administered by state agencies.
Timber harvest—Volume of roundwood removed from forest land for products. Timber
harvest statistics reported in table 32 were collected by the Oregon Department of
Forestry.
8
Timber volume—Includes the net volume in cubic feet of poletimber and sawtimber
trees and salvable dead sawtimber trees, and the net volume in cubic feet of cull trees
of commercial species. In table 17, the volume of cull trees includes the gross volume
of noncommercial species. Volume is measured from the top of a stump 12 inches tall
to a minimum 4-inch top diameter, inside bark.
Timberland—Forest land capable of growing 20 cubic feet or more per acre per year
(mean annual increment at culmination in fully stocked, natural stands) of industrial
wood and not in a reserved status through removal of the area from timber utilization
by statute, ordinance, or administrative order; and not in a withdrawn status where it
is pending consideration for reserved status.
Uneven-aged stands—Stands where less than 70 percent of the tree stocking falls in
three adjacent 10-year age classes.
Upper stem portion—The bole of sawtimber trees above the saw-log top—7.0 inches
diameter outside bark for softwoods and 9.0 inches diameter outside bark for hardwoods
to a minimum top diameter of 4.0 inches inside bark, or to the point where the central
stem divides into limbs.
Names of Trees
Common name
Softwood:
Douglas-fir
Engelmann spruce
Grand fir
Incense-cedar
Jeffrey pine
Lodgepole pine
Mountain hemlock
Noble fir
Pacific silver fir
Pacific yew
Ponderosa pine
Shasta red fir
Subalpine fir
Sugar pine
Western hemlock
Western juniper
Western larch
Western redcedar
Western white pine
White fir
Whitebark pine
Hardwoods:
Black cottonwood
Cherry
Oregon white oak
Quaking aspen
White alder
Willow
1
Scientific name1
Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco
Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm.
Abies grandis (Dougl. ex D. Don) Lindl.
Calocedrus decurrens (Torr.) Florin
Pinus jeffreyi Grev. & Balf.
Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.
Tsuga mertensiana (Bong.) Carr.
Abies procera Rehd.
Abies amabilis Dougl. ex Forbes
Taxus brevifolia Nutt.
Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.
Abies shastensis (Lemmon)
Abies lasiocarpa (Hook.) Nutt.
Pinus lambertiana Dougl.
Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.
Juniperus occidentalis Hook.
Larix occidentalis Nutt.
Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don
Pinus monticola Dougl. ex D. Don
Abies concolor (Gord. & Glend.) Lindl. ex Hildebr.
Pinus albicaulis Engelm.
Populus trichocarpa (Torr. & Gray)
Prunus spp.
Quercus garryana Dougl. ex Hook.
Populus tremuloides Michx.
Alnus rhombifolia Nutt.
Salix spp.
Nomenclature per Little (1979).
9
Acknowledgments
Many people were involved in the collection of data and the design of the inventory.
Thanks go to the data collection staff: Brett Anderson, Christina Anthony, Joy Archuleta,
Dale Baer, Jennifer Baker, Del Barge, Adam Blackwood, Steve Bolon, Sarah Butler, Perry
Colclasure, Shaun Curtis, Brian Daum, Sebastien DeLion, Peter DelZotto, Paul Dunham,
Szilard Farkas, Perttu Finni, Andrei Fiodorov, Jennifer Gomoll, Walter Grabowiecki, Erica
Hanson, Kalle Harkonen, Sarah Hedrich, Mike Hogan, Ellie Husk, Jari Jokinen, Dana
Katz, Juha Kauppila, Kim Kuhne, J.D. Lloyd, Kitty McCovey, Tom Meade, Cecilia
Meyers, Scott Nelson, Dominic Ortiz, Mikko Paivinen, Melissa Patterson, Aimee
Porcaro, Bob Rhoads, Tony Rodriguez, Sam Solano, Julie Theil, Chuck Veneklase, Mark
Weber, and Len Zeoli. Thanks to Darius Adams, Chuck Bolsinger, Steve Fairweather,
Mike Huschmann, and Gary Lettman, who provided valuable reviews. Dale Weyermann
provided the maps and Paul Dunham the cover photograph. A special thanks to the many
landowners who allowed field crews on their lands to visit plots and measure trees.
Metric Equivalents
1 acre = 0.405 hectare
1 acre = 4046.86 square meters
1,000 acres = 404.7 hectares
1,000 cubic feet = 28.3 cubic meters
1 cubic foot per acre = 0.07 cubic meter per hectare
1 foot = 0.3048 meter
1 inch = 2.54 centimeters
1 mile = 1.609 kilometers
Literature Cited
Bolsinger, C.L.; Berger, J.M. 1975. The timber resources of the Blue Mountain area,
Oregon. Resour. Bull. PNW-57. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest
Service, Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. 62 p.
Cochran, W.G. 1977. Sampling techniques. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
413 p.
Farrenkopf, T.O. 1982. Forest statistics for eastern Oregon, 1977. Resour. Bull.
PNW-94. Portland, OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific
Northwest Forest and Range Experiment Station. 28 p.
Gedney, D.; Azuma, D.L.; Bolsinger, C.L.; McKay, N. 1999. Western juniper in
eastern Oregon. Gen. Tech. Rep. PNW-GTR-464. Portland, OR: U.S. Department
of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 53 p.
Gedney, D.R.; Bassett, P.M.; Mei, M.A. 1989. Timber resource statistics for all forest
land, except national forests in eastern Oregon. Resour. Bull. PNW-RB-164. Portland,
OR: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research
Station. 25 p.
Little, E.L., Jr. 1979. Checklist of United States trees (native and naturalized). Agric.
Handb. 541. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. 375 p.
10
Max, T.A.; Schreuder, H.T.; Hazard, J.W. [et al.]. 1996. The Pacific Northwest Region
vegetation and inventory monitoring system. Res. Pap. PNW-RP-493. Portland, OR:
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station.
22 p.
McKay, N.; Lettman, G.J.; Mei, M.A. 1994. Timber resource statistics for timberland
outside national forests in eastern Oregon. Resour. Bull. PNW-RB-203. Portland, OR:
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station.
40 p.
Smith, W.B.; Vissage, J.S.; Darr, D.R.; Sheffield, R.M. 2001. Forest resources of the
United States, 1997. Gen. Tech. Rep. NC-219. St. Paul, MN: U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Forest Service, North Central Research Station. 190 p.
U.S. Department of Commerce. 1990. 1990 census of population. Volume 1:
Characteristics of the population. Part 1: United States summary. Washington, DC.
11
Table 1—Estimated land area, by county, land class, and administrative status, eastern Oregon, 1999a
Forest land
County
Available
timberland
Reserved
timberland
Availableb
other
forest
Reserved
other
forest
Total
forest
Nonforest
All landc
Thousand acres
Baker
Crook
Deschutes
Gilliam
Grant
Harney
Jefferson
Klamath
Lake
Malheur
Morrow
Sherman
Umatilla
Union
Wallowa
Wasco
Wheeler
641
445
865
—
1,495
459
352
2,304
1,181
12
187
—
539
658
523
391
257
47
17
121
—
180
0
27
330
18
—
—
—
21
109
472
—
13
54
487
149
1
375
394
342
283
284
72
20
—
44
62
41
271
246
8
—
—
—
—
—
—
5
15
—
—
—
—
—
9
—
—
750
949
1,135
1
2,050
853
721
2,922
1,498
84
207
—
604
829
1,045
662
516
1,214
958
797
770
848
5,633
419
882
3,709
6,244
1,094
527
1,454
474
968
862
581
1,964
1,907
1,932
771
2,898
6,486
1,140
3,804
5,207
6,328
1,301
527
2,058
1,303
2,013
1,524
1,097
Total
10,306
1,355
3,125
37
14,823
27,434
42,260
— = less than 500 acres.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error. Includes data for the national forests from their regional surveys,
submitted to 1997 RPA, Smith et al. 2001.
b
Includes estimates for western juniper forests from Gedney et al. 1999.
c
Source: U.S. Department of Commerce 1990.
12
Table 2—Estimated area of reserved timberland outside of national
forests, and other forest land, by forest type, eastern Oregon, 1999a
Other forest
Forest type
Reserved
timberland
Available
Reserved
Total
Thousand acres
Softwood:
Douglas-fir
Engelmann spruce
Incense-cedar
Lodgepole pine
Mountain hemlock
Ponderosa pine
Shasta red fir
Western juniperb
White fir
Total
Hardwood:
Black cottonwood
Oregon white oak
Quaking aspen
Total
Nonstocked
All types
—
—
—
62
53
—
27
—
—
75
2
8
15
8
311
—
2,239
—
—
—
—
—
5
—
—
6
—
75
2
8
77
66
311
27
2,245
—
142
2,658
11
2,811
—
—
—
7
10
—
—
—
—
7
10
—
—
17
—
17
2
24
—
26
144
2,699
11
2,854
— = less than 500 acres found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Juniper area from Gedney et al. 1999.
13
14
7,361
Total
144
6
—
14
—
17
5
—
71
7
—
—
—
3
—
9
—
12
Bureau of
Land
Management
88
—
—
3
—
16
—
—
37
—
—
—
—
7
—
8
16
—
State
4
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
4
—
—
County
Forest
industry
7,597
530
367
779
—
1,327
453
140
1,557
904
4
123
—
354
444
289
171
155
1,603
41
52
62
—
91
—
72
595
225
3
45
—
72
127
127
25
65
Thousand acres
Total
public
300
—
—
—
—
—
—
112
—
—
—
—
—
17
—
—
171
—
Native
American
805
71
26
23
—
77
5
27
151
51
5
20
—
95
86
107
24
37
Miscellaneous
private
Private
2,707
112
78
85
—
168
5
211
746
276
8
65
—
184
213
234
220
102
Total
private
10,304
642
445
864
—
1,495
458
351
2,303
1,180
12
188
—
538
657
523
391
257
All
owners
— = less than 500 acres found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error. Includes data for national forests from their regional surveys submitted for 1997 RPA, Smith
et al. 2001.
523
367
762
—
1,294
448
140
1,449
897
4
123
—
344
444
268
155
143
Baker
Crook
Deschutes
Gilliam
Grant
Harney
Jefferson
Klamath
Lake
Malheur
Morrow
Sherman
Umatilla
Union
Wallowa
Wasco
Wheeler
County
National
forest
Public
Table 3—Estimated area of timberland, by county and owner class, eastern Oregon, 1999a
15
Baker
118
All types
78
6
—
—
—
72
3
—
—
—
—
—
58
—
—
6
—
5
Crook
103
—
—
—
—
103
—
—
—
—
20
—
76
—
—
—
—
6
Deschutes
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Gilliam
201
8
—
—
—
192
57
—
—
—
24
—
92
—
—
2
—
17
Grant
11
—
—
—
—
11
—
—
—
—
—
—
11
—
—
—
—
—
212
—
—
—
—
212
63
8
16
—
8
—
110
—
—
7
—
—
Klamath
Lake
855
66
7
—
7
782
23
—
—
13
235
—
393
7
—
5
—
105
284
14
15
—
15
255
—
—
—
—
57
—
118
—
—
7
—
74
Thousand acres
Harney Jefferson
— = less than 500 acres found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
21
—
—
—
97
Nonstocked
Total
Hardwood:
Oregon white oak
Quaking aspen
Total
Softwood:
Douglas-fir
20
Engelmann spruce
8
Grand fir
—
Incense-cedar
—
Lodgepole pine
8
Mountain hemlock —
Ponderosa pine
52
Shasta red fir
—
Western hemlock
—
Western juniper
—
Western larch
—
White fir
8
Forest type
County
8
—
—
—
—
8
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
4
—
—
Malheur
65
—
—
—
—
65
27
—
5
—
—
—
26
—
—
6
—
—
Morrow
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Sherman
195
19
—
—
—
175
79
7
7
—
22
—
59
—
—
—
—
—
Umatilla
213
28
—
—
—
185
44
—
20
—
16
—
83
—
—
—
23
—
255
2
—
—
—
253
128
12
33
—
9
—
69
—
—
2
—
—
236
8
24
24
—
204
108
—
17
—
8
24
39
—
7
—
2
—
114
12
—
—
—
103
24
—
5
—
—
—
62
—
—
—
6
6
Union Wallowa Wasco Wheeler
Table 4—Estimated area of timberland outside of national forests, by county and forest type, eastern regon, 1999a
2,945
183
46
24
21
2,716
579
36
104
13
408
24
1,246
7
7
40
30
221
Total
Table 5—Estimated area of timberland outside of national forests, by county and
stand-size class, eastern Oregon, 1999a
County
Large
sawtimber
Small
SeedlingAll
sawtimber Poletimber
sapling
Nonstockedb classes
Thousand acres
Baker
Crook
Deschutes
Gilliam
Grant
Harney
Jefferson
Klamath
Lake
Malheur
Morrow
Sherman
Umatilla
Union
Wallowa
Wasco
Wheeler
1
—
—
—
—
—
24
24
—
—
—
—
—
2
1
16
2
52
58
74
—
165
5
149
455
144
8
59
—
140
109
203
131
72
8
14
—
—
11
5
32
125
86
—
—
—
20
36
23
33
22
34
—
29
—
17
—
7
184
40
—
6
—
15
38
26
47
7
21
6
—
—
8
—
—
66
14
—
—
—
19
28
2
8
12
118
78
103
—
201
11
212
855
284
8
65
—
195
213
255
236
114
Total
70
1,825
416
450
183
2,945
— = less than 500 acres found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Nonstocked areas are less than 10 percent stocked with live trees.
16
Table 6—Estimated area of timberland outside of national forests, by forest
type and owner class, eastern Oregon, 1999a
Forest type
Other
public
Forest
industry
Other
private
All
owners
Thousand acres
Softwood:
Douglas-fir
Engelmann spruce
Grand fir
Incense-cedar
Lodgepole pine
Mountain hemlock
Ponderosa pine
Shasta red fir
Western hemlock
Western juniper
Western larch
White fir
Total
Hardwood:
Oregon white oak
Quaking aspen
Total
Nonstockedb
All types
28
4
8
6
37
—
97
7
—
—
—
21
257
17
55
7
271
—
701
—
—
11
21
176
294
16
41
—
100
24
449
—
7
28
10
25
579
36
104
13
408
24
1,246
7
7
40
30
221
208
1,515
993
2,716
16
—
—
8
8
14
24
21
16
8
22
46
12
81
90
183
236
1,603
1,105
2,945
— = less than 500 acres found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Nonstocked areas are less than 10 percent stocked with live trees.
17
Table 7—Estimated area of timberland outside of national forests, by owner
class, stand-size class, and forest type group, eastern Oregon, 1999a
Stand-size class
Other
public
Forest
industry
Other
private
All
owners
Thousand acres
Large sawtimber:
Softwood
Hardwood
Total
Small sawtimber:
Softwood
Hardwood
Total
Poletimber:
Softwood
Hardwood
Total
Seedlings and saplings:
Softwood
Hardwood
Total
All stand-size classes:
Softwood
Hardwood
Nonstockedb
Total
8
—
14
—
48
—
70
—
8
14
48
70
166
—
904
—
755
—
1,825
—
166
904
755
1,825
7
16
291
—
96
7
393
23
23
291
103
416
26
—
306
8
95
15
428
23
26
314
110
450
207
16
12
1,515
8
81
994
22
90
2,716
46
183
236
1,603
1,105
2,945
— = less than 500 acres found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Stand-size class and forest type group were not determined for nonstocked stands. Nonstocked
areas are less than 10 percent stocked with live trees.
18
Table 8—Estimated area of timberland, by cubic-foot site class and owner class,
eastern Oregon, 1999a
Site class (cubic feet)b
Owner
≥225
165-224
120-164
85-119
50-84
20-49
All classes
Thousand acres
National forest
Other public
Forest industry
Other private
All owners
—
—
—
—
57
7
—
—
177
8
17
29
1,605
23
104
73
4,255
63
591
366
1,266
136
892
636
7,360
236
1,603
1,105
—
64
231
1,805
5,275
2,930
10,304
— = less than 500 acres found.
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Site class is the mean annual increment cubic-foot growth per acre at culmination in fully stocked,
natural stands.
a
19
Table 9—Estimated area of timberland outside of national forests, by forest type
and stand-size class, eastern Oregon, 1999a
Forest type
Large
sawtimber
Small
sawtimber
Poletimber
Seedlingsapling
All
classes
Thousand acres
Softwood:
Douglas-fir
Engelmann spruce
Grand fir
Incense-cedar
Lodgepole pine
Mountain hemlock
Ponderosa pine
Shasta red fir
Western hemlock
Western juniper
Western larch
White fir
22
—
—
—
—
—
43
5
—
—
—
—
451
28
65
13
108
24
939
—
7
24
17
148
51
8
30
—
81
—
163
—
—
9
—
52
56
—
9
—
218
—
101
1
—
7
14
22
579
36
104
13
408
24
1,246
7
7
40
30
221
70
1,825
393
428
2,716
—
—
—
—
16
7
8
15
24
21
—
—
23
23
46
Nonstockedb
—
—
—
183
183
All types
70
1,825
416
634
2,945
Total
Hardwood:
Oregon white oak
Quaking aspen
Total
— = less than 500 acres found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Nonstocked areas are less than 10 percent stocked with live trees.
20
21
262,410
7,183
—
3,803
1,094
2,286
255,227
26,434
1,050
23,923
4,224
—
73,687
1,823
—
2,187
70,408
—
2,800
645
4,426
930
4,010
2,483
1,458
—
34,380
360
143,822
5,032
—
360
2,121
2,551
138,790
16,307
2,433
9,601
2,015
—
27,048
729
729
1,094
47,471
—
—
322
1,471
620
1,823
1,434
365
—
25,328
—
3.04.9
93,283
3,143
—
218
1,921
1,004
90,140
13,389
2,672
5,823
2,134
—
13,118
202
902
528
33,604
245
—
—
649
339
703
1,969
228
—
13,635
—
5.06.9
67,514
721
—
—
471
250
66,793
11,531
291
2,718
1,988
—
7,530
1,094
248
565
28,212
324
—
—
335
119
295
1,389
263
—
9,716
174
47,135
417
—
—
227
190
46,718
8,619
339
2,683
873
—
5,851
442
252
167
18,227
174
—
—
85
123
93
1,036
—
—
7,754
—
9.010.9
32,275
486
—
—
185
300
31,789
7,069
232
1,422
285
—
3,186
317
317
510
12,976
55
60
—
126
198
248
1,278
64
—
3,446
—
11.012.9
15.016.9
22,365
101
—
—
101
—
22,264
4,572
186
1,195
214
38
2,145
489
156
144
9,766
96
40
—
44
40
100
767
43
—
2,183
45
14,674
95
—
—
—
95
14,579
467
—
—
1,474
—
2,753
221
615
103
47
898
412
36
184
7,237
—
32
—
34
64
Thousand trees
13.014.9
Diameter class (inches at breast height)
7.08.9
— = fewer than 500 trees found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Growing-stock trees are all live trees except cull trees (noncommercial species are classified as sound cull trees).
All species
Total
Hardwood:
Black cottonwood
Cherry
Oregon white oak
Quaking aspen
Total
Softwood:
Douglas-fir
Engelmann spruce
Grand fir
Incense-cedar
Jeffrey pine
Lodgepole pine
Mountain hemlock
Noble fir
Pacific silver fir
Ponderosa pine
Redwood
Shasta red fir
Sitka spruce
Subalpine fir
Sugar pine
Western hemlock
Western larch
Western redcedar
Western white pine
White fir
Whitebark pine
Species
1.02.9
8,141
—
—
—
—
—
8,141
1,801
189
394
99
—
392
438
59
29
3,544
—
47
—
59
44
30
328
—
—
686
—
17.018.9
5,737
23
—
—
—
23
5,715
1,401
110
289
162
—
142
146
—
92
2,678
—
20
—
21
-23
140
—
—
489
—
19.020.9
6,870
47
30
—
—
18
6,823
1,666
219
360
69
8
127
66
69
20
3,430
31
80
—
—
24
13
93
81
8
459
—
21.028.9
1,352
8
8
—
—
—
1,344
321
107
14
51
—
—
—
11
—
610
—
82
—
—
13
—
—
7
14
113
—
29.0+
705,576
17,256
38
4,381
6,119
6,718
688,320
95,862
8,048
49,038
12,217
93
134,124
6,157
2,780
5,522
238,162
925
3,162
967
7,252
2,514
7,337
11,385
2,510
22
99,663
580
All
classes
Table 10—Estimated number of growing-stock trees on timberland outside of national forests, by species and diameter class,
eastern Oregon, 1999a b
Table 11—Estimated net volume of growing-stock and sawtimber on timberland
outside of national forests, by class of timber, owner class, and species group,
eastern Oregon, 1999a
Species group
Class of timber
and owner class
Average
volume
Cubic feet
per acre
Growing-stock:b
Other public
Forest industry
Other private
Total, growing-stock
Softwoods
Hardwoods
All
species
– – – – – Million cubic feet – – – – –
1,813
972
1,664
420
1,550
1,824
8
9
15
428
1,559
1,839
1,299
3,795
32
3,825
Board feet
per acre
– – – – – Million board feet – – – – –
Sawtimber (Scribner rule):c
Other public
Forest industry
Other private
7,639
3,415
6,849
1,798
5,453
7,528
6
22
40
1,803
5,475
7,568
Total, sawtimber
5,041
14,779
67
14,846
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
Includes growing-stock trees 5.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger.
c
Includes softwood sawtimber trees 9.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger and hardwood sawtimber trees
11.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger.
b
22
Table 12—Estimated net volume of growing-stock on timberland outside of national forests, by species and
diameter class, eastern Oregon, 1999a b
Diameter class (inches at breast height)
Species
5.06.9
7.08.9
9.010.9
11.012.9
13.014.9
15.016.9
17.018.9
19.020.9
21.028.9
29.0+
All
classes
Million cubic feet
Softwood:
Douglas-fir
Engelmann spruce
Grand fir
Incense-cedar
Jeffrey pine
Lodgepole pine
Mountain hemlock
Noble fir
Pacific silver fir
Ponderosa pine
Shasta red fir
Subalpine fir
Sugar pine
Western hemlock
Western larch
Western redcedar
Western white pine
White fir
Whitebark pine
23
5
10
4
—
25
—
1
1
54
—
1
—
2
7
—
—
21
—
56
2
16
6
—
44
4
2
3
117
—
1
1
3
10
2
—
42
—
82
3
30
5
—
68
5
3
2
154
—
1
1
—
11
—
—
62
—
101
5
25
3
—
60
5
6
10
177
1
1
2
6
16
2
—
47
—
107
4
30
3
1
55
10
5
4
210
1
1
—
3
10
2
—
39
1
87
8
22
2
2
30
13
2
7
217
1
1
1
—
7
—
—
38
—
80
11
20
3
—
18
18
4
1
147
1
1
1
2
5
—
—
25
—
85
8
17
5
—
9
7
—
5
148
1
1
—
1
2
—
—
23
—
152
22
33
4
1
9
6
10
2
289
6
—
3
—
2
6
1
30
—
73
23
3
9
—
—
—
2
—
133
11
—
3
—
—
1
4
22
—
846
92
205
44
4
318
69
35
35
1,647
20
8
13
17
71
13
5
351
1
155
308
427
466
486
438
340
313
575
286
3,795
—
1
4
1
—
—
2
2
—
—
2
1
—
—
2
4
—
—
2
—
—
—
—
3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
1
3
—
—
1
1
—
—
—
4
1
12
14
Total
7
4
3
6
2
3
—
1
4
1
31
All species
162
312
430
473
488
441
340
314
580
287
3,825
Total
Hardwood:
Black cottonwood
Cherry
Oregon white oak
Quaking aspen
— = less than 500,000 cubic feet found.
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Includes growing-stock trees 5.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger.
a
23
Table 13—Estimated net volume of sawtimber on timberland outside of national forests, by species and
diameter class, eastern Oregon, 1999a b
Diameter class (inches at breast height)
Species
9.010.9
11.012.9
13.014.9
15.016.9
17.018.9
19.020.9
21.028.9
29.0+
All
classes
Million board feet, Scribner rule
Softwood:
Douglas-fir
Engelmann spruce
Grand fir
Incense-cedar
Jeffrey pine
Lodgepole pine
Mountain hemlock
Noble fir
Pacific silver fir
Ponderosa pine
Shasta red fir
Subalpine fir
Sugar pine
Western hemlock
Western larch
Western redcedar
Western white pine
White fir
Whitebark pine
254
11
92
7
—
217
13
10
8
430
—
3
2
—
33
—
—
168
—
375
21
90
6
—
242
16
26
39
618
2
4
7
25
54
7
—
156
—
455
19
120
7
4
253
38
24
18
856
2
5
2
14
35
7
—
151
2
402
41
97
8
8
143
52
9
34
957
2
2
5
—
24
—
—
154
—
390
56
96
11
—
93
74
20
7
697
5
3
6
9
17
—
—
112
—
433
46
74
20
—
47
31
—
27
742
4
3
—
5
8
—
—
108
—
824
125
158
15
4
49
28
60
10
1,556
28
—
15
—
5
33
8
140
—
443
149
16
36
—
—
—
13
—
810
59
—
22
—
—
7
25
107
—
3,576
469
743
110
16
1,044
252
163
144
6,666
102
21
58
53
176
54
33
1,096
2
1,248
1,688
2,015
1,938
1,598
1,546
3,059
1,686
14,779
—
—
—
—
5
13
—
3
—
—
—
13
—
—
—
—
—
5
15
—
7
6
—
—
21
8
38
Total
—
18
3
13
—
5
22
6
67
All species
1,248
1,706
2,018
1,952
1,598
1,551
3,081
1,692
14,846
Total
Hardwood:
Black cottonwood
Oregon white oak
Quaking aspen
— = less than 500,000 board feet found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Includes softwood sawtimber trees 9.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger, and hardwood sawtimber trees 11.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger.
24
Table 14—Estimated net volume of growing-stock on timberland outside of
national forests, by species and owner class, eastern Oregon, 1999a b
Species
Other
public
Forest
industry
Other
private
All
owners
Million cubic feet
Softwood:
Douglas-fir
Engelmann spruce
Grand fir
Incense-cedar
Jeffrey pine
Lodgepole pine
Mountain hemlock
Noble fir
Pacific silver fir
Ponderosa pine
Shasta red fir
Subalpine fir
Sugar pine
Western hemlock
Western larch
Western redcedar
Western white pine
White fir
Whitebark pine
66
7
18
7
2
15
—
—
—
230
20
—
6
—
4
—
2
43
—
312
9
96
24
2
165
—
—
—
667
—
—
7
—
36
—
1
232
—
468
76
91
13
—
138
69
35
35
751
—
8
—
17
30
13
2
75
1
846
92
205
44
4
318
69
35
35
1,647
20
8
13
17
71
13
5
351
1
420
1,550
1,824
3,795
—
—
8
—
2
—
2
5
3
1
3
9
4
1
12
14
Total
8
8
15
31
All species
428
1,558
1,839
3,825
Total
Hardwood:
Black cottonwood
Cherry
Oregon white oak
Quaking aspen
— = less than 500,000 cubic feet found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Includes growing-stock trees 5.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger.
25
Table 15—Estimated net volume of sawtimber on timberland outside of national
forests, by species and owner class, eastern Oregon, 1999a b
Forest type
Other
public
Forest
industry
Other
private
All
owners
Million board feet, Scribner rule
Softwood:
Douglas-fir
Engelmann spruce
Grand fir
Incense-cedar
Jeffrey pine
Lodgepole pine
Mountain hemlock
Noble fir
Pacific silver fir
Ponderosa pine
Shasta red fir
Subalpine fir
Sugar pine
Western hemlock
Western larch
Western redcedar
Western white pine
White fir
Whitebark pine
272
37
53
22
8
43
—
—
—
1,058
102
—
37
—
6
—
13
147
—
1,200
30
354
57
8
527
—
—
—
2,476
—
—
22
—
93
—
8
679
—
2,105
403
335
32
—
474
252
163
144
3,132
—
21
—
53
76
54
12
270
2
3,576
469
743
110
16
1,044
252
163
144
6,666
102
21
58
53
176
54
33
1,096
2
1,798
5,453
7,528
14,779
—
6
—
7
—
14
14
3
23
21
8
38
Total
6
22
40
67
All species
1,803
5,475
7,568
14,846
Total
Hardwood:
Black cottonwood
Oregon white oak
Quaking aspen
— = Less than 500,000 board feet found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Includes softwood sawtimber trees 9.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger and hardwood sawtimber trees
11.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger.
26
Table 16—Estimated net volume of growing-stock on timberland outside of
national forests, by forest type and stand-size class, eastern Oregon, 1999a b
Forest type
Large
sawtimber
Small
sawtimber
Poletimber
Seedling
sapling
All
classes
Million cubic feet
Softwood:
Douglas-fir
Engelmann spruce
Grand fir
Incense-cedar
Lodgepole pine
Mountain hemlock
Ponderosa pine
Shasta red fir
Western hemlock
Western juniper
Western larch
White fir
Total
Hardwood:
Oregon white oak
Quaking aspen
Total
Nonstockedc
Total, all types
54
—
—
—
—
—
76
19
—
—
—
—
905
89
151
14
234
118
1,346
—
37
7
51
250
49
13
10
—
56
—
130
—
—
—
—
49
14
—
—
—
51
—
17
—
—
—
4
14
1,021
102
161
14
341
118
1,569
19
37
7
55
313
149
3,203
308
99
3,758
—
—
—
—
12
8
1
1
13
9
—
—
20
2
22
—
—
—
—
46
149
3,203
328
101
3,826
— = less than 500,000 cubic feet found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Includes growing-stock trees 5.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger.
c
Nonstocked areas are less than 10 percent stocked with live trees.
27
Table 17—Estimated net volume of sawtimber on timberland outside of national
forests, by forest type and stand-size class, eastern Oregon, 1999a b
Forest type
Large
sawtimber
Small
sawtimber
Poletimber
Seedlingsapling
All
classes
Million board feet, Scribner rule
Softwood:
Douglas-fir
Engelmann spruce
Grand fir
Incense-cedar
Lodgepole pine
Mountain hemlock
Ponderosa pine
Shasta red fir
Western hemlock
Western juniper
Western larch
White fir
Total
Hardwood:
Oregon white oak
Quaking aspen
Total
Nonstockedc
Total, all types
282
—
—
—
—
—
405
98
—
—
—
—
3,808
461
609
63
902
466
5,337
—
130
26
202
879
110
45
39
—
160
—
295
—
—
—
—
98
31
—
—
—
80
—
47
—
—
—
4
26
4,231
506
648
63
1,141
466
6,084
98
130
26
206
1,002
786
12,884
746
187
14,603
—
—
—
—
17
25
1
—
18
25
—
—
41
1
42
—
—
—
201
201
786
12,884
788
189
14,846
— = less than 500,000 board feet found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Includes softwood sawtimber trees 9.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger and hardwood sawtimber trees
11.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger.
c
Nonstocked areas are less than 10 percent stocked with live trees.
28
Table 18—Estimated net volume of growing-stock on Timberland outside of
national forests, by forest type and owner class, eastern Oregon, 1999a b
Forest type
Other
public
Forest
industry
Other
private
All
owners
Million cubic feet
Softwood:
Douglas-fir
Engelmann spruce
Grand fir
Incense-cedar
Lodgepole pine
Mountain hemlock
Ponderosa pine
Shasta red fir
Western hemlock
Western juniper
Western larch
White fir
Total
Hardwood:
Oregon white oak
Quaking aspen
Total
Nonstockedc
Total, all types
77
7
13
9
15
—
216
19
—
—
—
58
352
20
71
6
161
—
686
—
—
2
35
211
592
75
76
—
166
118
667
—
37
5
20
44
1,021
102
161
14
341
118
1,569
19
37
7
55
313
414
1,544
1,800
3,758
12
—
—
1
1
8
13
9
12
1
9
22
2
13
31
46
428
1,558
1,839
3,825
— = less than 500,000 cubic feet found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Includes softwood sawtimber trees 9.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger and hardwood
sawtimber trees 11.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger.
c
Nonstocked areas are less than 10 percent stocked with live trees.
29
Table 19—Estimated net volume of sawtimber on timberland outside of
national forests, by forest type and owner class, eastern Oregon, 1999a b
Forest type
Other
public
Forest
industry
Other
private
All
owners
Million board feet, Scribner rule
Softwood:
Douglas-fir
Engelmann spruce
Grand fir
Incense-cedar
Lodgepole pine
Mountain hemlock
Ponderosa pine
Shasta red fir
Western hemlock
Western juniper
Western larch
White fir
Total
Hardwood:
Oregon white oak
Quaking aspen
Total
Nonstockedc
Total, all types
336
37
42
36
41
—
956
98
—
—
—
232
1,271
80
297
27
506
—
2,480
—
—
6
115
640
2,624
390
309
—
594
466
2,649
—
130
19
91
130
4,231
506
648
63
1,141
466
6,084
98
130
26
206
1,002
1,778
5,423
7,402
14,603
17
—
—
—
1
25
18
25
17
—
26
42
8
52
140
201
1,803
5,475
7,568
14,846
— = less than 500,000 board feet found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Includes softwood sawtimber trees 9.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger and hardwood sawtimber
trees 11.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger.
c
Nonstocked areas are less than 10 percent stocked with live trees.
30
Table 20—Estimated net volume of timber on timberland outside
of national forests, by class of timber and species group, eastern
Oregon, 1999a b
Softwood
species
Class of timber
Hardwood
species
All species
Million cubic feet
Growing-stock trees:
Sawtimber trees
Saw-log portion
Upper stem portion
Total, sawtimber
3,193
138
14
3
3,207
141
3,331
17
3,348
464
13
477
3,795
30
3,825
50
33
1
2
51
35
83
3
86
3,878
33
3,911
Poletimber trees
All growing-stock trees
Cull trees:
Sound cull
Rotten cull
Total, cull trees
All timber
— = less than 500,000 cubic feet found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Includes growing-stock trees 5.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger.
Table 21—Estimated current gross annual growth of growing-stock on
timberland outside of national forests, by owner class and species group,
eastern Oregon, 1999a
Species group
Owner class
Average
volume
Cubic feet
per acre
Growing-stock:b
Other public
Forest industry
Other private
Total, growing-stock
a
b
Softwoods
Hardwoods
All
species
– – – – – Thousand cubic feet – – – – –
49
35
41
11,428
54,613
45,439
166
1,327
360
11,594
55,941
45,799
38
111,480
1,854
113,334
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
Includes growing-stock trees 5.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger.
31
Table 22—Estimated current net annual growth of growing-stock on timberland outside of national forests, by forest type and owner class, eastern
Oregon, 1999a b c
Forest type
Other
public
Forest
industry
Other
private
All
owners
Thousand cubic feet
Softwood:
Douglas-fir
Engelmann spruce
Grand fir
Incense-cedar
Lodgepole pine
Mountain hemlock
Ponderosa pine
Shasta red fir
Western hemlock
Western juniper
Western larch
White fir
Total
Hardwood:
Oregon white oak
Quaking aspen
Total
Nonstockedd
All types
167
67
514
87
289
—
4,802
-176
—
—
—
167
6,783
646
720
213
2,250
—
20,403
—
—
78
555
3,505
7,968
209
628
—
1,276
-1,117
12,561
—
-2
27
136
-80
14,918
923
1,861
300
3,815
-1,117
37,766
-176
-2
105
691
3,592
5,917
35,154
21,605
62,675
245
—
—
634
1
153
246
787
245
634
154
1,033
27
280
470
777
6,189
36,068
22,228
64,486
— = less than 500 cubic feet found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Includes growing-stock trees 5.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger.
c
Negative net annual growth is the result of annual mortality exceeding gross annual growth.
d
Nonstocked areas are less than 10 percent stocked with live trees.
32
Table 23—Estimated current net annual growth of sawtimber on timberland outside of national forests, by forest type and owner class, eastern
Oregon, 1999a b c
Forest type
Other
public
Forest
industry
Other
private
All
owners
Thousand board feet, Scribner rule
Softwood:
Douglas-fir
Engelmann spruce
Grand fir
Incense-cedar
Lodgepole pine
Mountain hemlock
Ponderosa pine
Shasta red fir
Western hemlock
Western juniper
Western larch
White fir
Total
Hardwood:
Oregon white oak
Quaking aspen
Total
Nonstockedd
All types
1,310
470
1,446
624
670
—
26,083
-646
—
—
—
1,198
37,881
2,110
6,433
1,273
13,846
—
87,113
—
—
296
4,724
22,280
50,779
4,158
3,843
—
6,218
-4,208
65,027
—
398
160
1,231
749
89,970
6,738
11,722
1,897
20,734
-4,208
178,223
-646
398
456
5,955
24,226
31,153
175,955
128,354
335,463
602
—
—
—
6
955
607
955
602
—
961
1,563
164
2,243
2,606
5,013
31,919
178,199
131,921
342,039
— = less than 500 board feet found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Includes softwood sawtimber trees 9.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger and hardwood sawtimber trees
11.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger.
c
Negative net annual growth is the result of annual mortality exceeding gross annual growth.
d
Nonstocked areas are less than 10 percent stocked with live trees.
33
Table 24—Estimated average annual mortality of growing-stock on timberland outside of national forests, by forest type and owner class, eastern
Oregon, 1999a b
Forest type
Other
public
Forest
industry
Other
private
All
owners
Thousand cubic feet
Softwood:
Douglas-fir
Engelmann spruce
Grand fir
Incense-cedar
Lodgepole pine
Mountain hemlock
Ponderosa pine
Shasta red fir
Western hemlock
Western juniper
Western larch
White fir
Total
Hardwood:
Oregon white oak
Quaking aspen
Total
Nonstockedc
Total, all types
994
85
188
109
239
—
2,122
411
—
—
—
1,067
4,357
352
1,175
71
2,826
—
6,808
—
—
18
480
3,585
7,001
1,197
1,201
—
2,979
2,058
6,677
—
706
43
336
956
12,352
1,634
2,563
180
6,044
2,058
15,607
411
706
61
816
5,608
5,215
19,671
23,154
48,040
176
—
—
22
11
108
187
130
176
22
119
317
15
180
297
491
5,405
19,872
23,570
48,848
— = less than 500 cubic feet found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Includes growing-stock trees 5.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger.
c
Nonstocked areas are less than 10 percent stocked with live trees.
34
Table 25—Estimated average annual mortality of sawtimber on timberland outside of national forests, by forest type and owner class, eastern
Oregon, 1999a b
Forest type
Other
public
Forest
industry
Other
private
All
owners
Thousand board feet, Scribner rule
Softwood:
Douglas-fir
Engelmann spruce
Grand fir
Incense-cedar
Lodgepole pine
Mountain hemlock
Ponderosa pine
Shasta red fir
Western hemlock
Western juniper
Western larch
White fir
Total
Hardwood:
Oregon white oak
Quaking aspen
Total
Nonstockedc
Total, all types
4,074
443
444
442
489
—
9,266
2,088
—
—
—
3,888
15,106
1,483
4,245
312
7,711
—
23,906
—
—
60
1,483
10,110
29,943
5,788
4,657
—
9,883
8,532
25,919
—
2,684
154
1,549
2,715
49,123
7,715
9,346
754
18,083
8,532
59,090
2,088
2,684
214
3,032
16,713
21,135
64,416
91,823
177,375
210
—
—
—
22
297
232
297
210
—
319
529
68
682
1,343
2,093
21,413
65,098
93,485
179,996
— = less than 500 board feet found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Includes softwood sawtimber trees 9.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger and hardwood sawtimber
trees 11.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger.
c
Nonstocked areas are less than 10 percent stocked with live trees.
35
36
235
6
428
2
299
19
202
58
19
—
—
127
—
8
—
3
10
10
29
18
6
3
16
—
19
—
—
—
—
3
—
—
—
—
1,804
11
1,290
69
852
275
94
—
—
503
—
14
—
8
34
11
127
82
21
16
79
—
91
—
—
—
—
20
—
—
—
—
1,604
11
456
50
278
74
43
6
5
1,137
51
225
283
22
33
66
108
55
160
82
27
19
—
—
—
—
—
6
—
—
—
—
1,558
1
625
42
369
130
74
4
7
932
—
41
142
12
31
70
97
128
242
94
35
36
—
—
—
—
—
3
—
—
—
—
— = less than 500 acres, 500,000 cubic feet, or 500,000 board feet found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Scribner rule (16-foot rule).
c
Nonstocked areas are less than 10 percent stocked with live trees.
All classes
Nonstocked
116
20
69
20
7
—
—
Uneven aged:
0-49
50-99
100-149
150-199
200-299
300+
c
113
Total
even aged
Total
uneven
aged
—
32
4
7
7
8
13
7
10
3
10
—
11
—
—
—
—
1
—
—
—
—
Million
Thousand
Million
acres
cubic feet
board feetb
Million
cubic feet
Thousand
acres
Area
Area
Even aged:
0-9
10-19
20-29
30-39
40-49
50-59
60-69
70-79
80-89
90-99
100-109
110-119
120-129
130-139
140-149
150-159
160-169
170-179
180-189
190-199
200-299
300+
Stand age
Growingstock
volume
Growingstock
volume
Sawtimber
volume
Forest industry
Other public
5,475
6
2,368
134
1,379
520
290
16
29
3,101
—
57
389
41
96
217
321
474
873
324
135
162
—
—
—
—
—
12
—
—
—
—
Million
board feetb
Sawtimber
volume
1,106
16
421
23
223
123
28
24
—
669
15
78
101
7
23
20
32
88
117
86
36
21
—
4
—
—
—
—
—
—
41
—
Thousand
acres
Area
1,839
40
818
11
428
257
56
66
—
981
—
15
59
—
11
40
56
185
178
191
45
57
—
11
—
—
—
—
—
—
133
—
Million
cubic feet
Growingstock
volume
Other private
7,568
168
3,479
52
1,744
1,103
222
359
—
3,921
—
30
142
—
29
125
199
694
771
767
181
257
—
54
—
—
—
—
—
—
671
—
Million
board feetb
Sawtimber
volume
2,946
33
992
92
570
217
77
31
5
1,921
67
334
388
36
63
95
154
150
288
171
72
40
11
4
—
—
—
7
—
—
41
—
Thousand
acres
Area
3,826
44
1,741
72
999
445
149
70
7
2,040
—
65
202
16
51
120
182
332
426
289
96
93
19
11
—
—
—
6
—
—
133
—
Million
cubic feet
Growingstock
volume
All owners
14,846
185
7,137
255
3,975
1,898
606
374
29
7,525
—
101
532
49
159
353
648
1,249
1,665
1,107
395
419
91
54
—
—
—
31
—
—
671
—
Million
board feetb
Sawtimber
volume
Table 26—Estimated area, net volume of growing-stock, and net volume of sawtimber on timberland outside of national forests, by
stand age and owner class, eastern Oregon, 1999a
37
11,594
166
—
—
166
—
11,428
1,459
153
812
123
151
528
—
—
—
6,624
214
—
94
—
59
—
8
1,204
—
5,405
126
—
—
126
—
5,279
710
85
407
113
16
266
—
—
—
2,173
452
—
56
—
66
—
21
916
—
Average
annual
mortality
Other public
2,618
—
—
—
—
—
2,618
624
—
—
—
—
916
—
—
—
617
160
—
—
—
—
—
—
302
—
Average
annual
removals
55,967
1,327
40
—
24
1,263
54,640
9,857
490
3,213
748
24
5,245
—
—
—
25,899
—
—
347
—
515
—
13
8,287
—
19,872
124
25
—
25
75
19,748
3,340
184
1,746
387
14
2,966
—
—
—
6,203
—
—
60
—
611
—
12
4,224
—
Average
annual
mortality
101,030
—
—
—
—
—
101,030
15,959
124
8,036
1,607
—
12,426
—
—
—
44,206
—
109
470
—
1,124
—
138
16,830
—
Other private
45,803
364
33
59
59
212
45,439
12,154
1,195
3,019
212
—
3,241
474
627
222
21,167
—
163
—
375
431
155
1
1,974
30
23,570
250
42
13
50
146
23,320
5,007
1,263
1,657
213
—
2,601
740
933
1,022
7,249
—
98
—
183
510
134
22
1,666
22
Current
Average
gross annual annual
growth
mortality
Thousand cubic feet
Average
annual
removals
Forestry industry
Current
gross annual
growth
— = less than 500 cubic feet found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Includes growing-stock trees 5.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger.
All species
Total
Hardwood:
Black cottonwood
Cherry
Oregon white oak
Quaking aspen
Total
Softwood:
Douglas-fir
Engelmann spruce
Grand fir
Incense-cedar
Jeffrey pine
Lodgepole pine
Mountain hemlock
Noble fir
Pacific silver fir
Ponderosa pine
Shasta red fir
Subalpine fir
Sugar pine
Western hemlock
Western larch
Western redcedar
Western white pine
White fir
Whitebark pine
Species
Current
gross annual
growth
49,311
—
—
—
—
—
49,311
12,220
—
1,261
—
—
4,655
4,123
629
38
23,306
—
—
—
—
479
—
—
2,601
—
Average
annual
removals
113,364
1,858
74
59
249
1,475
111,507
23,469
1,838
7,044
1,084
174
9,015
474
627
222
53,690
214
163
442
375
1,005
155
22
11,465
30
48,848
500
67
13
200
220
48,348
9,057
1,532
3,810
714
29
5,833
740
933
1,022
15,625
452
98
116
183
1,187
134
55
6,807
22
Current
Average
gross annual annual
growth
mortality
All owners
152,959
—
—
—
—
—
152,959
17,997
4,123
629
38
68,129
160
109
470
—
1,603
—
138
19,733
—
28,804
124
9,297
1,607
Average
annual
removals
Table 27—Estimated gross annual growth, average annual mortality, and average annual removals of growing-stock on timberland
outside of national forests, by owner and species, eastern Oregon, 1999a b
38
53,332
86
—
86
—
53,246
6,097
913
2,816
548
767
1,339
—
—
—
34,665
1,321
—
623
—
127
—
60
3,970
—
21,413
94
—
94
—
21,319
2,910
443
1,128
363
64
623
—
—
—
10,026
2,319
—
341
—
108
—
145
2,851
—
Average
annual
mortality
Other public
9,979
—
—
—
—
9,979
2,742
—
—
—
—
2,937
—
—
—
2,405
1,045
—
—
—
—
—
—
850
—
Average
annual
removals
243,297
3,638
222
—
3,416
239,659
44,337
865
16,609
3,090
144
20,269
—
—
—
107,769
—
—
1,449
—
1,208
—
86
43,833
—
65,098
351
119
—
232
64,747
12,836
692
5,964
921
66
8,184
—
—
—
22,757
—
—
198
—
1,562
—
67
11,500
—
Average
annual
removals
Other private
Current
Average
gross annual annual
growth
mortality
339,957
—
—
—
—
339,957
68,848
630
29,737
4,684
—
37,890
—
—
—
136,646
—
451
2,196
—
1,492
—
711
56,673
—
225,424
1104
209
46
849
224,320
62,927
6,076
17,017
449
—
11,787
2,278
3,114
995
101,827
—
407
—
1,522
4,577
504
6
10,779
57
93,485
654
239
43
381
92,831
22,521
6,282
5,973
514
—
8,190
2,700
4,187
4,128
30,038
—
258
—
572
1,279
541
139
5,484
26
Thousand board feet, Scribner rule
Average
annual
mortality
Forestry industry
Current
gross annual
growth
— = less than 500 board feet found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Includes growing-stock trees 5.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger.
All species
Total
Hardwood:
Black cottonwood
Oregon white oak
Quaking aspen
Total
Softwood:
Douglas-fir
Engelmann spruce
Grand fir
Incense-cedar
Jeffrey pine
Lodgepole pine
Mountain hemlock
Noble fir
Pacific silver fir
Ponderosa pine
Shasta red fir
Subalpine fir
Sugar pine
Western hemlock
Western larch
Western redcedar
Western white pine
White fir
Whitebark pine
Species
Current
gross annual
growth
190,481
—
—
—
—
190,481
57,357
—
3,977
—
—
16,377
13,821
3,644
—
86,482
—
—
—
—
1,152
—
—
7,670
—
Average
annual
removals
522,053
4,828
431
132
4,265
517,225
113,361
7,854
36,442
4,087
912
33,395
2,278
3,114
995
244,261
1,321
407
2,071
1,522
5,912
504
152
58,581
57
179,996
1099
348
138
613
178,897
38,267
7,418
13,065
1,798
130
16,997
2,700
4,187
4,128
62,820
2,319
258
538
572
2,949
541
351
19,835
26
Current
Average
gross annual annual
growth
mortality
All owners
540,417
—
—
—
—
540,417
128,948
630
33,713
4,684
—
57,204
13,821
3,644
—
225,533
1,045
451
2,196
—
2,645
—
711
65,192
—
Average
annual
removals
Table 28—Estimated gross annual growth, average annual mortality, and average annual removals of sawtimber on timberland
outside of national forests, by owner and species, eastern Oregon, 1999a b
Table 29—Estimated changes in area of timberland outside of national forests, by
owner class, eastern Oregon, 1988, 1999a b
Description of change
Other
public
Forest
industry
Other
private
All
owners
Thousand acres
Timberland area published in 1988
522
1,523
933
2,978
New estimate of timberland area for 1988,
Based on remeasured plot only
538
1,555
986
3,079
Adjustments to 1988 area:
Reclassification of Native American
ownership (public to private)
Access denied area
Not remeasured or projectedc
-308
—
308
—
—
-20
-117
-137
Adjusted timberland area for 1988
230
1,535
1,177
2,942
Area change (1988-1999) owing to:
Changes in land class—
Timberland to rights-of-way
Timberland to urban
Nonforest to timberlandd
Other forest to timberland
-7
-11
7
8
-13
—
7
15
—
-19
45
—
-20
-30
59
23
-3
9
26
32
—
8
8
—
-8
58
—
—
-66
—
—
—
16
50
-66
—
Timberland area in 1999,
based on remeasured plots only
242
1,594
1,137
2,973
Timberland area in 1999,
based on all sampled plots
236
1,603
1,105
2,945
Net change
Changes in ownership—
From other public
From forest industry
From other private
Net change
— = less than 500 acres found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Negative values are losses of timberland and positive values are gains in timberland. Losses are shown by
the 1984-86 owner and gains are shown by the 1999 owner.
c
Acres from plots where access was denied and which were not projected.
d
Includes 42,000 acres that changed because of plot design changes.
39
40
420
Total volume in 1999
based on all sample plots
1,550
1,454
-331
598
-117
-812
61
—
-4
65
-5
-27
22
1,824
1,803
-80
495
-154
-421
-73
—
—
-73
18
-23
41
1,942
-162
832
1,272
1,503
Other
private
3,795
3,702
-340
1,217
-297
-1,260
—
—
—
—
-4
-92
88
4,055
-197
—
4,252
4,713
8
8
3
4
-1
—
3
—
3
—
—
—
—
5
—
—
4
3
Other
public
Million cubic feet
All
owners
— = less than 500,000 cubic feet found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Includes growing-stock trees 5.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger.
c
Negative values are losses of timberland and positive values are gains of timberland.
d
Growing-stock volume from the 1988 inventory that was on access-denied land that was not projected.
e
Includes updates of owner or land class assigned to a plot in 1988.
444
71
124
-26
-27
12
—
4
8
-17
Total volume in 1999,
based on remeasured plots only
Net change
Growth, mortality, and harvest—
Periodic gross growth
Periodic mortality
Periodic removals
Net change
Changes in owner—
From other public
From forest industry
From other private
Net change
-42
25
378
Adjusted volume for 1988
Volume changes due to:
Changes in land class—
Timberland to nonforest
Nonforest to timberlande
-35
—
1,735
—
1,770
1,210
-832
2,017
Forest
industry
1,307
Other
public
Adjustments to 1986 volume:
Reclassification of Native American
Ownership (public to private)
Access denied
Not remeasured or projectedd
Volume published in 1988
Estimate of 1988 volume
based on remeasured plots only
Description
Softwood species
8
5
1
1
—
—
-3
—
-3
—
—
—
—
6
—
—
6
7
Forest
industry
15
18
3
5
-2
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
14
—
—
14
13
Other
private
Hardwood species
31
31
7
10
-3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
24
—
—
24
22
All
owners
Table 30—Estimated changes in net volume of growing-stock on timberland outside of national forests, by species group
and owner class, eastern Oregon, 1988, 1999a b c
41
1,798
Total volume in 1999
based on all sample plots
5,453
5,051
-1,386
2,419
-337
-3,468
210
—
-19
229
-66
-136
70
7,528
7,346
-154
2,183
-528
-1,809
-252
—
—
-252
92
-88
180
7,663
-593
3,636
4,620
5,095
Other
private
Other
public
14,779
14,278
-1,212
5,140
-967
-5,385
—
—
—
—
47
-350
397
15,449
-748
—
16,197
18,289
6
6
1
2
-1
—
4
—
4
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
Million board feet, Scribner rule
All
owners
22
10
5
5
—
—
-4
—
-4
—
—
—
—
9
—
—
9
13
Forest
industry
40
34
13
13
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
22
—
—
22
16
Other
private
Hardwood species
— = less than 500,000 board feet found.
a
Totals may be off because of rounding; data subject to sampling error.
b
Includes softwood sawtimber trees 9.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger and hardwood sawtimber trees 11.0 inches in d.b.h. and larger.
c
Negative values are losses of timberland and positive values are gains of timberland.
d
Sawtimber volume from the 1988 inventory that was on access-denied land that was not projected
e
Includes updates of owner or land class assigned to a plot in 1988.
1,881
327
538
-102
-109
42
—
19
23
21
-126
147
6,292
-155
—
1,491
—
6,450
5,127
-3,636
7,594
Forest
industry
5,600
Other
public
Total volume in 1999,
based on remeasured plots only
Net change
Growth, mortality, and harvest—
Periodic gross growth
Periodic mortality
Periodic removals
Net change
Changes in owner—
From other public
From forest industry
From other private
Net change
Volume changes owing to:
Changes in land class—
Timberland to nonforest
Nonforest to timberlande
Adjusted volume for 1988
Adjustments to 1986 volume:
Reclassification of Native American
Ownership (public to private)
Access denied
Not remeasured or projectedd
Volume published in 1988
Estimate of 1988 volume
based on remeasured plots only
Description
Softwood species
67
50
19
20
-1
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
31
—
—
31
30
All
owners
Table 31—Estimated changes in net volume of sawtimber on timberland outside of national forests, by species group and
owner class, eastern Oregon, 1988, 1999a b c
Table 32—Timber harvest volume by year and owner class, eastern Oregon,
1962 to 2000
Year
National
forest
BLM
Private
Other
public
All
owners
Thousand board feet, Scribner rule
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
852,700
966,700
1,064,700
1,181,800
1,089,900
1,133,900
1,182,548
1,230,907
1,017,762
1,147,075
1,319,580
1,237,425
1,178,107
1,151,508
1,257,108
1,123,840
1,191,396
998,422
836,395
795,876
736,877
1,202,214
1,283,996
1,401,873
1,528,419
1,366,157
1,249,876
1,368,712
1,001,303
1,068,605
785,918
685,830
340,074
317,565
211,554
318,707
199,927
141,964
140,083
19,547
21,456
22,756
11,571
42,559
27,311
39,307
26,326
23,291
35,768
33,961
45,891
25,666
16,662
29,403
39,060
24,660
32,590
15,818
14,602
12,242
38,021
39,841
16,209
24,634
45,164
39,848
37,808
49,806
54,459
13,102
22,557
8,620
14,355
34,854
8,963
10,743
9,456
3,290
594,821
561,068
635,467
656,107
666,340
578,027
717,585
791,521
740,612
930,701
784,993
654,524
958,359
835,393
679,472
641,383
606,507
545,576
677,712
570,967
715,460
671,860
329,538
514,193
518,138
588,899
602,512
765,787
634,308
728,749
924,660
827,654
737,902
600,399
581,163
581,540
617,483
598,419
491,504
Source: Oregon Timber Harvest Reports, Oregon Department of Forestry.
42
1,380
5,575
2,477
13,857
3,783
1,360
2,869
8,757
2,397
2,875
10,158
9,742
9,423
0
8,056
6,666
4,003
4,850
4,937
5,849
7,582
15,442
5,859
4,748
15,607
11,291
694
15,390
6,862
5,124
1,167
6,766
5,204
8,828
3,754
1,433
2,740
5,723
11,886
1,468,448
1,554,799
1,725,400
1,863,335
1,802,582
1,740,598
1,942,309
2,057,511
1,784,062
2,116,419
2,148,692
1,947,582
2,171,555
2,003,563
1,974,039
1,810,949
1,826,566
1,581,438
1,534,862
1,387,294
1,472,161
1,927,537
1,659,234
1,937,023
2,086,798
2,011,511
1,892,930
2,187,697
1,692,279
1,856,937
1,724,847
1,542,807
1,091,800
941,147
831,325
910,643
830,893
775,562
646,763
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