PFC/RR-87-11
DOE/ID-01570-2
LITFIRE USER'S GUIDE
D.S. Barnett, E. Yachimiak,
V. Gilberti, and M.S. Tillack
August 1987
Plasma Fusion Center
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139 USA
*This work was supported by EG&G Idaho, Inc. and the
U.S. Department of Energy, Idaho Operations Office
under DOE Contract No. DE-AC07-76ID01570
Reproduction, translation, publication, use and disposal,
in whole or in part, by or for the United States
government is permitted.
LITFIRE USER'S GUIDE
Abstract
This document contains instructions for using the LITFIRE lithium fire simulation code in
its form as of August 1987. The code is capable of simulating fires in a single compartment
connected to an optional second compartment, or in an insulated pan suspended in one
compartment. Lithium or lithium-lead eutectic may be used as the fuel, reacting with
an atmosphere of oxygen, nitrogen, water vapor, or any mixture thereof. Any inert gas
may be included in the compartment atmosphere and lithium only may be burned in a
carbon dioxide atmosphere without oxygen. An option for liquid metal-concrete interaction
exists as well as the following options for mitigating the effects of the fire:
gas flooding,
emergency space cooling, emergency floor cooling, aerosol removal and gas injection. The
guide also includes the following:
* a description of the workings of the code, including the various options available to the
user
" a description of the physics of lithium fires and heat and mass transfer
" instructions for running the code
" a list of sample input files
* a listing of the code with a glossary defining code variables
1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page No.
I
III
Abstract
I
Table of Contents
2
List of Figures
3
Introduction
4
Program Description
5
11.1
Initial Routine
5
11.2
Dynamic Cycle
6
11.3
Modeling Options
11
Execution of LITFIRE
21
111.1
Obtaining Copies of LITFIRE and Input Data Files
21
111.2
Organization of LITFIRE for Execution
22
111.3
PFCVAX Execution
28
111.4
MFE Crays Execution
29
111.5
Sample Input and Output Files
30
Appendix A: Nomenclature
32
Appendix B: Glossary
33
Appendix C: Troubleshooting
53
Appendix D: Input Data Files
55
Appendix E: Output Data Files
57
Appendix F: Listing of LITFIRE
59
References
133
2
LIST OF FIGURES
Page No.
Figure II.3.1.1
One Cell Option Geometry
15
Figure HI.3.1.2
Energy Flow in One Cell LITFIRE
16
Figure 11.3.2.1
Two Cell Option Geometry
17
Figure II.3.2.2
Energy Flow in Two Cell LITFIRE
18
Figure II.3.2.3
Mass Flow in LITFIRE
19
Figure II.3.3
One Cell With Pan Geometry
20
3
I. Introduction
LITFIRE is a computer code which simulates lithium fires in fusion reactors by generating the time histories of the temperature and pressure profiles occurring in a reactor
containment in response to a lithium or lithium-lead eutectic spill and fire. The fire may
take place in a single cell connected to an optional second cell, or in an insulated pan in
a single cell. The lithium or lithium-lead may react with any mixture of oxygen, nitrogen or water vapor; an inert gas may also be included in the cell atmospheres. Lithium
only may be burned in a carbon dioxide atmosphere without oxygen. An option for liquid
metal-concrete interaction is available as well as the following options for mitigating the
effects of a fire:
gas flooding, emergency space cooling, emergency floor cooling, aerosol
removal and gas injection. This user's guide includes a brief description of the physics of
lithium fires, the workings of the code and the options available to users, and also includes
a listing of the code with a complete glossary of variables used in LITFIRE.
The present version of LITFIRE is available on the PFCVAX at MIT and on the Crays
at the National Magnetic Fusion Energy Computer Center (NMFECC, hereafter referred
to as MFE) It is written in FORTRAN 77 and is compatible with the computing facilities
at which it is located. The instructions present in this guide will enable a user to execute
the code at either location.
Other information on LITFIRE such as more detailed descriptions of physical models
or correlations used in the code are available in the references listed in the reference section
of the guide.
4
II. Program Description
To assist the new user of LITFIRE in understanding the code, a brief descriptive
section is included. The description of the code sections is presented in the order that they
are executed. For a description of code options, see Section 11.3. This section is broken
down into an initial routine and a dynamic cycle. The initial routine prepares the code for
execution; then the dynamic cycle integrates the time rate of change of the code variables
over the time step to calculate their values. The dynamic cycle is repeated until execution
is terminated either by the code or as predetermined by the user.
11.1 Initial Routine
The four parts of the initial routine are:
(i) read in the input data
(ii) write the input data to a file
(iii) initialize the variables
(iv) spray fire calculation
II.1.1 Input Data
The input data consists of titles and headings, control flags for the choice of options,
geometries, initial conditions and material properties. User chosen options are described
in Section 11.3 Modeling Options. Input variables are described in Section III.1 LITFIRE
and Input Data Files and examples of the input data files are given in Appendix D.
11.1.2 Print out the Input
The input is printed out to a file, which should be examined by the user to ensure that
the input was properly entered into the input files. Misaligned input data is a common
source of error that can easily be caught by examining the printed input.
11.1.3 Variable Initialization
The initialization section sets all time rates of change to zero for the first step. Some
5
constants are defined and initial conditions are applied using the input data. In addition
there is a short sub-section where the units of the input data are changed to the following
to become consistent with the rest of the code:
BTU, pounds mass, feet, seconds
II.1.4 Spray Fire Calculations
The spray fire calculation simulates the effect of lithium reacting as a spray at the
beginning of a spill. The amount reacted in the spray is user specified. A difficulty does
arise in that the specific heats of the reaction products are calculated as functions of
temperature. The spray fire calculation is not a spray fire model per se in that the lithium
reacting in the spray is consumed instantaneously, adiabatically and stoichiometrically,
with the equilibrium temperatures being determined by iteration.
11.2 Dynamic Cycle
The dynamic cycle in LITFIRE calculates the temperature, pressure and mass profiles of the reactor containment over the time of the run.
Most of the dynamic cycle
consists of calculating the thermal admittances between nodes, which are then used in
conjunction with the nodal temperatures, to determine the time rates of change of the
nodal temperatures. The heat flow to or from a node is determined by calculating the
thermal resistances to conduction or convection between adjacent nodes and then adding
on radiative heat transfer to or from nodes within a line of sight as shown below:
q12
=
(T 1
-T
+ E
2)
FcAkT;
(1)
Temperature rates of change are determined by:
dT 1
dt
1
mic
(2)
1
(
The time rates of change are then integrated over the time step by use of the fourth
order Runge-Kutta Method or Simpson's Rule. The integrations are performed as follows:
dT
T(t ) = T(t.) + ft-tdt
6
(3)
In addition to the temperature calculations, the other calculations performed in the
dynamic cycle are listed below in the order which they are performed:
(i)
temperature dependent properties: heat capacities, gas fractions,
radiative interchange factors and emissivities
(ii)
perform an energy balance to determine the gas temperature if the
steam in containment option is used
(iii) natural convection heat transfer coefficients
(iv) preliminary thermal admittances
(v) test for combustion/no combustion
(vi) temperature rates of change from heat flow
(vii) overpressure, leakage and aerosol sticking
(viii) perform integrals
(ix) check for terminating execution
(x)
time step control
(xi) write the output to a file
(xii) display error pointers if necessary
Short descriptions of the subsections appear below.
11.2.1 Temperature Dependent Properties
Most properties are assumed to be constant with respect to temperature. However,
the specific heats of some gases and combustion products, and most lithium properties,
are calculated as a function of temperature. References for the heat capacity correlations
and the derivation of the radiative interchange factors used in the code can be found in
references 1 and 2.
11.2.2 Gas Node Temperature Determination
If the steam in containment option is being used, the presence of a condensible gas
requires that a different method be used to determine the temperature of the gas than the
integral method described in section 11.2, as the latent heat of vaporization of the steam
must be taken into account. In this option, the code performs an iterative energy balance
by solving the equation:
TEMP = U,, - AMac,.T - MAu,
where U, is the total internal energy of the gas, MA
(4)
is the mass of the non-condensible
gas, c,. is the specific heat of the non-condensible gas, M, is the mass of the steam and
7
u, is the specific internal energy of the steam. Values of the temperature are guessed, and
along with the specific volume of the steam (which is known), are-used to determine the
other properties of the steam. These values are then used to solve for the error, TEMP.
When TEMP is a sufficiently small fraction of the total gas internal energy, the final guess
is taken as the gas temperature. For further discussion, see reference 4.
II.2.3 Natural Convection Heat Transfer Coefficients
The heat transfer coefficients for convective heat transfer are determined from the
Nusselt number Nu,
Nu = C(GrPr)*
(5)
where
hL
Nu = h(6)
k
and the Grashof number Gr and the Prandtl number Pr are given by:
Gr = g
ITL'
2,
Pr = pCp
k
(7)
(8)
A separate constant C is used to calculate the Nusselt number for each convective
heat transfer interface. These constants are listed in the glossary, Appendix B.
In the presence of steam, a condensible gas, the heat transfer coefficients used are the
Uchida heat transfer coefficients determined empirically as a function of the ratio of the
mass of water to the mass of non-condensible gases in the atmosphere. A more detailed
description is given in reference 4.
11.2.4 Preliminary Thermal Admittances
This section generates time rates of change of temperature for nodes when they are
independent of whether or not lithium combustion occurs. Most calculations for the user
specified options fall into this category. These calculations are also performed after the
8
combustion/no combustion test (Section 11.2.5) when the two parallel branches of the code
rejoin.
11.2.5 Test for Combustion or No Combustion
The temperature rates of change can differ greatly depending whether or not the
lithium pool is actually combusting (reacting with the containment atmosphere).
This
section of the code determines whether or not the lithium is combusting and then sends
the code either to the branch with a combustion zone node where the lithium reacts or the
branch without a combustion zone node. The criteria used to determine whether or not
the lithium is combusting are :
(i)
liquid lithium must be available (between 180 and 1347*C.)
(ii)
oxygen, nitrogen or water vapor must be available
(iii) if no oxygen or water vapor is present, the combustion zone temperature must
be less than 1127*C.
11.2.6 Temperature Rates of Change
These calculations, as shown before, are based on summing the heat transfer from
all thermally adjacent nodes. The heat transfer is determined from the basic relations for
conductive, convective and radiative heat transfer:
conduction:
convection:
- = kA
dt
dt
=
dx
hA(T - T 2 )
(9)
(10)
dq4_T4
radiation: dt =u .4Fk(TI-T )
(11)
For a more detailed description, see references 1 and 2.
11.2.7 Overpressure, Leakage, and Aerosol Behavior
The masses of each cell gas component and the cell gas temperature are integrated
in the integration section. From this, the cell gas pressure is determined and thus leakage from containment can be calculated. Aerosol adhesion to the containment walls is a
9
user specified option and changes the concentration of aerosol combustion products in the
containment atmosphere.
11.2.8 Integrals
All time rates of change are integrated over each time step to calculate the values of
the quantities during the execution of the code. The form of the integrals is:
P
=
INTGRL(P, ')
(12)
where
P, = the initial value of function P (mass, temperature or energy)
d
= the time dependent rate of change of P
INTGRL is an integration function that uses a fourth order Runge-Kutta Method
or Simpson's Rule (user specified) to simultaneously solve all of the differential equations
used in the code. For a more detailed description, see the listing of the code, Appendix F.
11.2.9 Termination Checks
The conditions that will terminate the code are:
(i)
the lithium temperature reaches a value at which the lithium vaporizes (1347'C.)
or solidifies (180'C.)
(ii)
the primary cell gas temperature returns to ambient temperature with no
overpressurization
(iii) the code reaches the user specified stopping point (TIME>TIMEF)
11.2.10 Time Step Control
Three criteria are used to determine the size of the time step used during each dynamic
cycle. They are:
(i)
the time step must be smaller than a user defined fraction of the
inverse rates of change:
10
DELT < RELERR T
(ii)
-dt
the conduction heat transfer limit must be satisfied:
aLatCit<
0.3
(iii) The user imposed maximum and minimum time steps must be observed. The
maximum time step is indicated by DELOUT and the minimum by DTMIN.
DELOUT and DTMIN are read from the first input file.
11.2.11 Output Section
The output from LITFIRE is written into data files as the code is executed. Examples
of the output files are shown in Appendix E, generated by the input files found in Appendix
D.
11.2.12 Error Pointers
This section is not actually part of the dynamic cycle, although if an error during
execution should occur, an error message would be written into file outl.dat and code
execution would halt.
11.3 Modeling Options
The basic version of LITFIRE is capable of simulating a wide variety of spill conditions
as indicated by the user in the first input data file. The containment volume, height, wall
and floor areas, atmosphere, and material composition may be specified as well as the mass
and surface area of the lithium spilled. Optional reaction geometries include a primary cell
containing the lithium, surrounded by a larger secondary cell, and a partially insulated
pan holding the lithium inside the basic primary cell. A concrete floor and wall for the
containment are optional as is a liquid metal-concrete reaction routine. Also instead of
elemental lithium, a lithium-lead eutectic may be selected for the spill with the composition
11
chosen by the user. Finally an option to simulate a lithium spill in the presence of a steamair atmosphere may be chosen.
In addition to the above options, several options involving the mitigation of lithium
fires are available. These include:
(i)
gas flooding
(ii)
emergency space cooling
(iii) emergency floor liner cooling
(iv) aerosol removal
(v)
gas injection
Each option is discussed below.
11.3.1 One Cell
The single cell model is the simplest version of LITFIRE that may be run. All other
options are constructed as subroutines added on to the one cell version of the code. The
nodes existing in the one cell version are shown in Figure 11.3.1.1 There may be up to twenty
concrete wall or floor nodes of any thickness. As stated earlier all material properties may
be chosen by the user as may the composition of the containment atmosphere. Lithium or
lithium-lead may react with any mixture of oxygen, nitrogen or water vapor and lithium
only may react with carbon dioxide in the absence of oxygen. Any inert gas may also be
included in the cell atmosphere. Lastly, any containment or spill geometry may be chosen
as stated above.
The heat transfer correlations are fixed by the code so that accurate results may be
obtained, although some modification is possible from the input data as shown in section
11.2.3. The heat transfer pathways are also fixed by the code and are shown in Figure
11.3.1.2. The heat transfer mechanisms and their applications to the code are discussed in
references 1,2 and 3.
12
11.3.2 Two Cell
The two cell option was developed to model the effects of a fire inside a tokamak
fusion reactor and to determine its effects on the structural integrity of the the torus. In
this option a separate secondary cell with its own material composition, atmosphere and
geometry exists surrounding the primary cell. (See Figure 11.3.2.1) The provision for a
crack between the primary and secondary cells, allowing the exchange of cell gases also
exists. The code follows the composition, pressure and temperature of both cell gases
during the run. The heat and mass flow paths in two cell LITFIRE are shown in Figures
11.3.2.2 and 11.3.2.3. High velocity gas flows, as would be encountered in the event of a
breach in a vacuum torus have been successfully modeled by LITFIRE. (See reference 3)
11.3.3 Pan
Figure 11.3.3 shows the pan option available in LITFIRE. This option may be used
with either the one or two cell option, but not with concrete reaction. This option was
created to model the lithium fire experiments performed at HEDL. The pan dimensions
and composition are user defined. It contains two separate insulation nodes which transfer
no heat to their surroundings.
11.3.4 Concrete Reaction
The liquid metal-concrete reaction subroutine allows for the reaction of lithium with
the concrete floor under the liner. This includes lithium reactions with water driven from
the concrete and certain components of the concrete itself. For further discussion, see
reference 2.
11.3.5 Lithium-Lead Combustion
This option allows for the substitution of a lithium-lead eutectic in the place of elemental lithium as the source of the fire. All LITFIRE options are compatible with the
lithium-lead combustion option except the initial spray fire calculation (Section 11.1.4). In
addition, this option allows the user to chose either a layered or turbulent pool reaction,
13
allowing for optimistic or pessimistic results, depending on the user's view of lithium-lead
fires. Reference 3 discusses the lithium-lead option in greater detail.
H.3.6 Steam-Air Atmosphere
The steam-air atmosphere option allows for the reaction of lithium or lithium-lead
with a mixture of steam and other non-condensible gases. It also includes modifications of
the convective heat transfer coefficients to account for condensation and the provision for
steam condensation into a water pool node above the cell floor liner. Gas temperature is
determined by an iterative energy balance routine (as shown in section 11.2.2) to account for
the presence of the condensible vapor, rather than in the usual integral method described
earlier. The steam in the atmosphere may be present as humidity or may be injected into
the primary or secondary cell atmosphere, with the time, mass flow rate and enthalpy of
the steam injected selected by the user. The development of the steam-air atmosphere
option is discussed in reference 4.
11.3.7 Mitigation Options
The following is a list of options available to evaluate the effectiveness of certain
techniques used to attempt to mitigate the consequences of a lithium fire:
(i)
gas flooding
(ii)
emergency space cooling
(iii) emergency floor liner cooling
(iv) aerosol removal
(v)
gas injection
Each option allows the user to select additional heat removal mechanisms as desired.
These options are discussed further in reference 1.
14
CONCRETE WALL
AMBIENT
CONTAInaENT GAS
STEEM WALL
LINER
EXTRA BEAT CAPACITY
(STRUCTURES)
STEL
WATER POOL
FLOOR LIINE
00
CONCRETE FLOOR
Figure
11.3.1.1
One-Cell Geometry
15
QR
only if no
A f concrete
V.11
.
Qi
I
Steel Wall Liner
Concrete Wall
QV
QK
Q,
QI
L
zxtra seat Capacity
Iv
Water
Pool
OV
A
I
B
Inner Call Gas
QV
-J
Q
Comation Zone
QR
QR
Liner
Q
and
Insulation I
Q .
Lithium Pool
pan
p oseat)
ergency Floor
peR
Cooling.
Qc(i
Steel Floor Liner
I-
_________________________________________________________
QRQ
only
if no
concrete floor
Concrete Floor
dashed lines indicate optional node
Q
a radiative heat transfer
Q*
convective heat transfer or water condensation
QC
conductive heat transfer
Figure 11.3.1.2 Energy flow in single cell LITFIRE
16
Secondary Steel Wall
Secondary ExSra Heat Capacity
Primary Steel Wall
rimary Extra.Reat Capacity
A/00
Crack--+)#v
Primary Call Gas
Ambient
-
WI
Primary
Water
Pool
6
'a
*
Si
U
a
0
U
ombsinZn
Lithium
-Pool
Secondary
Water
Pool
~,condaz7 Steel Floor
Primary St.. 1 Floor
r-
I
S
odr
*0
it
I
/1
Concrete Floor
Figure 11.3.2.1
Two-Cell Geometry
17
Wall
Q Primary
Vall Liner
Secondary Wall
Liner
Q
[oret
wall
IA
Qr
Primary
Extra
sast
v
eat
I
Extra
13
Capacity
Primary
water
Pool
capacity
Secondary
Q
CowrtIon,
primary
Zone and
Secondary
QV
Cas
CAB
Pool
HQ
ee
Ia
..
Q
I EMerg.
and
Secondary
Qv
Insulation Qolil
I
Water
Pool
Q
*ait
Pan,
Primary floor
Liner
Emergency Steel
floor Cooling$
primary Cell
Figure 11.3.2.2
Q
Secondary Float
RLiner
[ if
n
con rets
Iloor
Iconcrete
floor
Secondary Call
Energy flow in two-cell LITFIRE
cases 4 aerosols
via leakage
r
Ao
(GsLy if
secondary
c all)
-
-
i Gas Sto.I
I rase, N21
1102, CO
abint
-- - Gas
Injection
Inert I
I Gas
L
Storage
Cases and Aerosols
via leakage
Inert
Piay Call Gas
SeodrScnay
GasCall
rrttem.,
Call 04Water
Flooding
Gas
via
Gas
Pool
wall
FAerosol
aterPrm
Mass Transfer via
I ool
condensation on the
Steel Wall Liner or
direct condensation/
evaporation or boilin
H
2'
2, 2O
RummlStee
via sticking to Vall
N
L4
93
(7.40B
Li CO)
2 3
Reaction Products
Combustion
(LiOH, Li3N, Li2 0, H12' Li 2CO3)
Zone
and inert gases via
Li 0
convection and diffusion.
Reaction Products
Solids (Li3 N. Li2 0, Li2 C2
Li via
vaporization and diffusion
Li2CO3 , and C)
Lithium
Pool
Figure IH.3.2.3
Mass flows .in LITFIRE
19
Wl
I7
Steel Wall
Extra Reat Capacity
(Structures)
Ambient
Containment Gas
Combustion Zone
Steel Pa
Liner
Pan Insulation
Steel Floor
Concrete Wall
Figure
Water Pool
Concrete Floor
11.3.3
One-Cell with Pan Geometry
20
III. Execution of LITFIRE
The execution of the LITFIRE code requires certain system commands depending
upon the location at which it is being run. The specific commands for compiling, loading
(linking), and running the code will be discussed in this section in the following order:
(i)
Source code and sample input files
(ii) PFCVAX
(iii) MFE Crays
III.1 Obtaining Copies of LITFIRE and Input Data Files
There are currently two locations at which a copy of the source code of LITFIRE can
be found: the PFCVAX at MIT, and the MFE FILEM disk storage.
To use the PFCVAX copy, the user must first obtain a PFCVAX account. This may
be done by contacting the Plasma Fusion Center at MIT. Introductory information may
be found by using the HELP command, which will define most of the commands used on
the PFCVAX.
To get a copy of LITFIRE for personal use, the following commands must be used:
copy [barnett.litfirflitfire.for[username]*.*
This will copy the code litfir.for into the user's main directory.
To get a copy of the sample input files, the copy command must also be used, substituting the following filenames for litfire.for:
head.dat
uunmak.w
uwmak.x
-
uwnak.y
uwmak.z
steamop.
21
After obtaining copies of the input files, they may be viewed by using the type command or edited by using any line or text editor. (e.g. EMACS or EDT).
To obtain a copy of the LITFIRE source code on one of the MFECC machines, the
user must be logged onto a machine and then use the filem command to obtain a personal
copy:
filem read .15467 litfire
This will copy litfire into the user's personal directory on that particular machine.
To obtain copies of the input files, the command
read .15467 filename
must be used for each input file (the names are the same for MFE and the PFCVAX)
while still in filem.
Once copies of LITFIRE and the sample input files have been obtained, they may be
moved to a different machine 'n' by using the netout command as follows:
netout filename site=nma
111.2 Organization of LITFIRE for Execution
One of the most important steps in the execution of LITFIRE is the preparation of
the input data files. Most errors in code execution occur due to mistakes in the input
data files. The input data files and the options they control are listed below. As stated in
section 11.3, some options are incompatible with each other.
uuvmak.w:
one cell
uunmak.x:
two cell
uwmak.y:
pan, concrete reaction and lithium lead combustion
uwmak.z:
gas flooding, emergency space cooling, emergency floor liner
cooling, aerosol removal and gas injection
steamop.:
steam injection with steam-air atmosphere
22
111.2.1 One Cell Option
The one cell option is the simplest version of LITFIRE. The first input file must exist
to run any other code options. The order in which the input variables must appear in the
file uwmak.w is shown below (British units are given in the Glossary, SI units may be used
for all input data files by setting the input variable IFLAGISI = 1):
line
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
variables
IFLAGW,IFLAGF,IFLAGP,IFLAG2,IFLAGS,IFLAGC,
IFLAGU,IFLAGB,IBLOW,IESC,ISFLC,ISWICH,
IAROSL,IFLAGD,IFLAGISI,IFLAGCO,IFLAGST
NLNL1
L(1) to L(NL)
L1(1) to L1(NL)
VP,CHP,CPAP,XMOLA
TEHCZP,XMEHCP,AEHCP,CPEHCP,HINECP
THWC,THFC,GAP,KGAP,KLEAK
ESTLWPCPSWP,KSTLWP,RHSWP,AWP,THWP
ESTLFP,CPSFPKSTLFP,RHSFP,AFP,THFP
EMLI,CPLI,AKLI,RHLI
EMCONC,CPCONKCON,RHCON
RHOLIO,RHOLIN,RHOLIH,EMGPF,EMCZ,TAUCZ
13
QCO1,QCO2,QCN,QCW
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22.
RCMBO1,RCMBO2,RCMBN,RCMBW,RCMBH2
TMELTTVAP,QVAP,PERCEN
CONF1,CONF2,C2FAC
HIN,HINGSPHINGSS,HINPS,HINSAM,HINFAN
HINGFS,HINFSG
ASLI,SPILL,SPRAY,FRA,RA
TCZI,TGPZER,TSPZER,TSFPI,TA,TLII
PAPZER,WO2PHUM,WAPWCP
IMETH,DTMIN,TIMEF,RELERR,DELOUT,OUTPUT
The formats for the input lines are:
line
formats
1
(lx,14(i1,lx))
2
(i4,i4)
3,4
(10f5.3)
5
(f12.2,5f12.4)
6-21
(6f12.4)
22
(i4,5f12.4)
An example of this data file (British units) is uwmak.w in Appendix D.
23
111.2.1.1 PFCVAX
The statement:
open(unit=2,file='uwnak. w',status='old')
must be included in the code for the code to execute, assuming that the input data file
is named uwmak.w. A similar OPEN statement must be included for each input data file
used by the code. These statements are currently located after the "common" blocks at
the beginning of the code.
I1I.2.1.2 MFE Crays
For these machines the statement:
call link("unit1=filename,read1//")
must be used for each input data file. These statements are also currently located
after the "common" blocks at the beginning of the code.
111.2.2 Two Cell Option
If the two cell option is chosen, the following are the variable listing and formats for
the second data file (units are given in the glossary as for the first input file):
line
variables
1
VS,CHS,PASZER,TGSZER,TSSZER,TFSZER
2
CRACKHUM2,WO2S,WAS,CPAS,WCO2S
3
TEHCZS,XMEHCS,AEHCS,CPEHS,HINECS
4
ESTLWS,CPSWS,KSTLWS,RHSWS,AWS,THWS
5
ESTLFS,CPSFS,KSTLFS,RHSFS,AFS,THFS
6
TSWICII
The format for all lines is: (6f12.4)
1.2.2.1 PFCVAX
If this option is used, the statement:
open(unit=3,file='flen. ame',status='old')
24
must be included in LITFIRE in the same place as the OPEN statement for the first
input data file. An example of this data file (British units) is given in Appendix D.
111.2.2.2 MFE Crays
For these machines, the statement:
call link("unit3=filename,read3//")
must be used in the same location as the CALL LINK statement for the first input
data file.
111.2.3 Pan, Concrete Reaction and Lithium-Lead Combustion
The following is a variable listing for each of the above options (British units are given
in the Glossary):
Pan Option
line
1
2
3
variables
KPAN, RHPAN,CPPAN,RHINS,CPINS,EMINS
TPANZO,APAN,BREDTH,AINS,HINGF
THKPAN,THKIN1,THKIN2
Concrete Reaction Option
line
1
variables
ZZDIN,QCCONC,CRACON,XMH2OI,TCIGNI,RCMBC
9 the pan option cannot be chosen with concrete reaction
Lithium-Lead Option
line
2(1)
variables
CPLEAD,KLEAD,RHLEAD,ALLOYI,QDISS
9 Lithium-lead data is entered on line 1 if the concrete reaction option is not chosen.
The pan option cannot be chosen with lithium-lead combustion.
The format for all lines is: (6f12.4)
25
111.2.3.1 PFCVAX
The statement:
open(unit=4,file='len. ame',status='old')
must be used. An example of this file (British units) is given in Appendix D.
111.2.3.2 MFE Crays
For these machines, the statement:
call link("unit4=filename,read4//")
must be used in the same location as the CALL LINK statement for the first input
data file.
111.2.4 Gas Flooding, Emergency Space Cooling, Emergency Floor Liner Cooling and Gas Injection
Each of these options is included in one input data file. The following is a variable
listing for each of the options. Only the variable lines of the options used need be entered,
although the lines used must be in the order shown below (British units are given in the
Glossary):
line
1 (gas flooding)
2
3
4
5
6
(emerg. space cooling)
(emerg. floor cooling)
(aerosol removal)
(gas injection)
The format for lines 1-5 is:
variables
WO2B,WWAB,WN2B,XMOLAB,CPAB,TBLOW
BLOWV,EXHSTV,TBLIN,TBLOUT,WAB
ESCR,ESCTIN,ESCEND
SFLCR,SFLTIN,SFLEND
BETA
TONE,TTWO,TTHREE,DP1,DP2,DP3,FCT1,FCT2,FCT3
(6fM2.4).
For the gas injection option (line 6) it is:
(3f10.2,6f8.4).
111.2.4.1 PFCVAX
The statement:
26
open(unit=5,file= 'filen.ame',status='old')
must be used. An example of this file (British units) is given in Appendix D.
111.2.4.2 MFE Crays
For these machines, the statement:
call link("unit5=filename,read5//")
must be used in the same location as the CALL LINK statement for the first input
data file.
111.2.5 Steam Injection to Containment
The following is a variable listing for the steam injection to containment available in
the steam-air atmosphere option (British units are given in the Glossary):
line
1
2
variables
STMIN,STMOUT,MINJR,HINJ
STMIN2,STOUT2,MINJR2,HINJ2
The format for all lines is: (6f12.4)
111.2.5.1 PFCVAX
The statement:
open (unit=6,file =:'flen. ame',status='old')
must be used. An example of this file (British units) is given in Appendix D.
111.2.5.2 MFE Crays
For these machines, the statement:
call link("unit6=filename,read6//")
must be used in the same location as the CALL LINK statement for the first input
27
data file.
111.3 PFCVAX Execution
To execute LITFIRE on the PFCVAX, the user must ensure that all necessary OPEN
statements are included for the data files necessary to run the code as indicated in section
111.2. The input data file head.dat must always be included as it provides headings for the
output data files that LITFIRE will create. The statement necessary to include head.dat
is:
open(unit=1,file ='head. dat',status='old')
It should be noted that all input data files must be in the same directory as LITFIRE in
order to execute the code.
OPEN statements are also needed for the output files created by LITFIRE. These
statements are placed right after the OPEN statements for the input data files and take
the form of:
open (unit= 1 Ofile ='out 1.dat',status=new')
There are ten output data files named out1.dat through outlO.dat, and an OPEN statement
is needed for each one.
Optional output files may be created to allow graphs to be made of code variables vs.
time. These files may be used in conjunction with the graphics routines available on the
PFCVAX to create the actual graphs. The optional files require OPEN statements like
the ones for outl.dat through outlO.dat, but use the filename forOnn.dat, where nn is any
number from 1 to 99. Steps must be added to the code in the output section to write values
of TIME and the variable desired to the file. Some optional output file OPEN and WRITE
statements which have been commented out may be found in the appropriate sections of
the code. The output files created may be used with the McCool graphics routine available
on the PFCVAX to create the graphs.
28
There are three separate steps involved in the execution of LITFIRE: compiling, linking and running the code. To compile LITFIRE, the command:
for litfire.for
must be used and will create the file litfire.obj. To link LITFIRE, the command:
link litfire.obj
must be used and will create the file litfire.eze. To run LITFIRE, the command:
run litfire.exe
must be used. If the input data files were entered properly, the code should run until
terminated by a user defined time limit (i.e., TIME=TIMEF) or by the code itself. (e.g.,
'the temperature of the lithium pool has reached the melting point'). If the code stops due
to an error, an error message will be given. Refer to Appendix C-Troubleshooting.
111.4 MFE Crays Execution
To execute LITFIRE on the Crays, the necessary CALL LINK statements must be
present for all of the input data files as indicated in section 111.2. The input data file
head.dat must be included to provide headings for the output data files that LITFIRE will
create. The statement needed to include head.dat is:
call link("unitl =head. dat,readl//")
CALL LINK statements are needed for the ten output files as well. Those statements take
the form of:
call link("unitl0=(outi,text,create),printl//")
for each of the ten output files outi through outlO. They should be placed directly after
the CALL LINK statements for the input data files.
To compile, load and run LITFIRE on the Crays, the following commands should be
used:
29
rcft i = lit fire, x = xlit fire
xlitfire
/
/
tp
tp
where I is the total CPU time allowed in minutes and p sets the priority of the run. One
minute and a priority of 2 should be sufficient to run
xlitfire.
111.5 Sample Input and Output Files
To check whether LITFIRE has been properly executed, a set of sample input and
output files are given in Appendices D and E. Execution of the code using the sample
input files on the PFCVAX or the Crays will produce approximately the same results as
given in the sample output files.
Using the input data files:
head.dat, uwmak.w, uwmak.x, uwmak.y, uwmak.z, steamop.
the following output files should be generated:
outl.dat, out2.dat, out3.dat, out4.dat, out5.dat, out6.dat, out7.dat, out8.dat out9.dat,
out 0.dat.
It should be noted that only the input files head.dat, uwmak.w and uunmak.x were used for
the examples in the Appendices.
30
APPENDICES
31
Appendix A
Nomenclature
A44,jk
heat transfer surface areas
C,
specific heat
C,.
specific heat at constant volume
Fk
radiative view factor, including emissivity
9
acceleration due to gravity
Gr
Grashof number
h
convective heat transfer coefficient
k, ki
thermal conductivity
L
characteristic length
M,m
mass
Nu
Nusselt number
Pr
Prandtl number
dq/dt
heat flow rate
I
time
T
temperature
u
specific internal energy
U,1
total internal energy
X
linear distance
a
thermal diffusivity
coefficient of volumetric expansion
fluid viscosity
v
kinematic viscosity
p
gas density
a, Ork
Stefan-Boltzmann constant
32
Appendix B
Variable Listing
AA
ACTVTY
AEHCP
AEHCS
AFP
AFS
AHT
AINS
AIRFAC
AK
AKEXX
AKLEAD
AKLI
AKLIX
AKVAP
ALLOYI
ALPHA
ALPHA2
AMIN1
APAN
ASLI
ASURF
AWP
AWS
B
BB
B1
BETA
BETAB
BETAF
BIL
BILGE
Exponent used in expression for GRPR or GRPRF
Calculates activity of lithium in lithium-lead eutectic
Surface area of primary extraneous heat capacity (ft 2 )
Surface area of secondary extraneous heat capacity (ft 2 )
Surface area of primary floor liner, must be equal to or greater than
the area of the lithium spill ASLI. (ft 2 )
Surface area of the secondary floor liner (ft 2 )
Area of the lithium pool-pan interface (ft 2 )
Outside exposed area of insulating layer on the pan (ft2 )
Density weighting factor for calculating steam-air mixture properties
Product of thermal conductivity and Prandtl number of the primary
gas (BTU/sec-ft deg. F.) See associated film temperature Ti.
Function used to calculate heat transfer coefficients
Thermal conductivity of lead (input as BTU/hr-ft deg. F.)
Thermal conductivity of lithium (input as BTU/hr-ft deg. F.)
Thermal conductivity of lithium used during LC-2 lithium transfer
simulation (BTU/sec-ft-deg. F.)
Product of thermal conductivity and Prandtl number of water vapor at
the lithium pool surface (BTU/sec-ft deg. F.)
Initial atom percent of lithium in lithium-lead
Used to determine whether or not LILP should be fixed at an amount
equal to AKLI/(RHLI*CPLI)
Used in determining PYU. Also tests conduction limit on time step for
the pan or floor liner.
FORTRAN function that determines the minimum of the arguments used
Pan external heat transfer area (ft2 )
Surface area of the lithium spilled (ft 2 )
Surface area of the liquid water pool (ft 2 )
Surface area of the primary wall liner (ft2 )
Surface area of the secondary wall liner (ft2 )
Used in calculating the thermal resistance between the wall liner, the gap
and the wall concrete
Analogous to B, but for the floor liner, gap and concrete
Coefficient of volumetric expansion for gas (,3)
(1/deg. F.) See associated film temperature T1
Inverse sticking coefficient for particles impinging on the wall (sec.)
Volumetric expansion coefficient 3 for the water pool-gas boundary (1/deg. F.)
Volumetric expansion coefficient 3 for the water pool (1/deg. F.)
Fractional change between BILGE and DELT, used in determining minimum
time step
Equal to the minimum value of DT1,DT2,DT3,DT4 or DT5, used in
33
BLIN
BLOUT
BLOWR
BLOWV
BREAKS
BREDTH
Cxxx
C1
C2
C3
C4(i)
C5
C6
C7
C8
C9
C10(i)
C11
C12
C13
C14
C15
C16
C17
C18
C19
C20
C21
C22
C23
C2FAC
CA
CCZ
'C'CZP
CD
'C'EHCGP
'C'EHCGS
'C'GCZ
'C'GLI
'C'GPEHC
calculating the time step length (sec.)
Time after spill at which inert gas flooding and exhaust begins (sec.)
Time after spill at which inert gas flooding and exhaust ends (sec.)
Inert gas input rate (lbm/sec)
Inert gas volumetric input rate (ft3 /sec)
Outer cell gas temperature rate of change due to gas flow between
cells and leakage. (deg. R./sec)
Perimeter of the pan (ft)
'C' is used to indicate a thermal admittance between nodes (i.e., the
inverse of the product of effective thermal resistance between the
nodes and the heat capacity of one of them (hA/mc,) (sec-')
Primary gas to primary wall liner in gas
Pan to primary gas in gas
Wall liner to concrete in concrete
Concrete wall node i to node i+1 in concrete
Concrete wall to ambient in concrete
Primary gas to primary wall in wall liner
Wall liner to concrete in wall liner
Floor liner to concrete floor in floor liner
Floor liner to concrete floor in concrete
Concrete floor node i to node i+1 in concrete
Wall liner to ambient (no concrete option) in wall liner
Floor liner to ambient (no concrete option) in floor liner
Pan to primary gas in pan
Secondary floor liner to secondary gas in floor liner
Secondary floor liner to secondary gas in gas
Primary floor liner to primary gas in floor liner
Primary floor liner to primary gas in gas
Primary floor liner to secondary gas in floor liner
Primary floor liner to secondary gas in gas
Primary wall liner to secondary gas in wall liner
Secondary wall liner to secondary gas in wall liner
Primary wall liner to secondary gas in gas
Secondary wall liner to secondary gas in gas
Fraction of Li-CO 2 reaction which produces Li 2 C 2
Coefficient in expression for GRPR or GRPRF
Amount of heat being developed in the combustion zone (BTU/sec)
Lithium pool to combustion zone in pool
Coefficient of discharge between the two cells (near unity)
Primary extraneous heat capacity to primary gas in gas
Secondary extraneous heat capacity to secondary gas in gas
Combustion zone to primary gas in combustion zone
Lithium Pool to primary gas (no combustion) in pool
Primary gas to primary extraneous heat capacity in heat capacity
34
'C'GSEHC
CHP
CHS
'C'IN1PN
'C'IN12
'C'IN21
'C'LIG
'C'LIPAN
'C'LIST
CMBR
CMBRC2
CMBRCO
CMBRH
CMBRHH
CMBRHI
CMBRN
CMBRNH
CMBRO
CMBRO1
CMBRO2
CMBROH
CMBRW
CMBRWH
CMRC2H
CMRCOH
C02
CO2LFS
CONDR
CONF1
CONF2
CPxxx
CPA
CPA2
CPAB
'C'PANLI
CPAP
CPAS
CPB
CPCARP
CPCO2P
CPCO2S
CPCON
Secondary gas to secondary extraneous heat capacity in heat capacity
Primary cell height (ft)
Secondary cell height (ft)
Pan to inner insulation in insulation
Inner pan insulation to outer pan insulation in inner insulation
Inner pan insulation to outer pan insulation in outer insulation
Lithium pool to primary gas (no combustion) in gas
Lithium pool to pan in pool (suspended pan option)
Lithium pool to primary floor liner in pool
Total combustion rate (lb Li/sec-ft 2 )
Combustion rate for the carbon reaction (lb Li/sec-ft 2 )
Combustion rate for the lithium-carbonate producing reaction
(lb Li/sec-ft 2 )
Total combustion rate (lb Li/hr-ft 2 )
CMBRH in g Li/min-cm 2
Initial combustion rate (lb Li/hr-ft 2 )
Combustion rate for the nitrogen reaction (lb Li/sec-ft 2 )
CMBRN in g Li/min-cm 2
Total of CMBRO1 and CMBRO2 (lb Li/sec-ft 2 )
Combustion rate for the oxygen reaction (lb Li/sec-ft2 )
Combustion rate for the Li-CO 2 reaction producing lithium-oxide
(lb Li/sec-ft 2 )
CMBRO in g Li/min-cm 2
Combustion rate for the water vapor reaction (lb Li/sec-ft 2
CMBRW in g Li/min-cm 2
CMBRC2 in g Li/min-cm 2
CMBRO2 in g Li/min-cm 2
A subroutine which sets up the pure CO 2 atmosphere
Carbon dioxide left after spray fire (lb)
Condensation mass flow rate (lb/sec)
Fraction of Li-CO 2 reaction which produces Li 2 0
Fraction of Li-CO 2 reaction which produces Li 2 CO 3
Gaseous specific heats are all specific heats at constant volume
Primary non-condensible gas specific heat (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Secondary non-condensible gas specific heat (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Flooding gas specific heat (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Lithium pool to pan in pan
Specific heat of primary cell inert gas (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of secondary cell inert gas (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of the water pool-gas boundary (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of carbon in the primary gas (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of carbon dioxide in the primary gas (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of carbon dioxide in the secondary gas (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Heat capacity of floor and wall concrete (BTU/lb deg. F.)
35
'C'PCZ
CPEHCP
CPEHCS
CPFAC
CPH2
CPINS
CPLC2P
CPLC3P
CPLC3S
CPLEAD
CPLI
CPLIX
CPLIH
CPLIN
CPLINP
CPLINS
CPLIO
CPLIOH
CPLIOP
CPLIOS
CPLV
CPMCOP
CPMCOS
CPMCZ
CPMH2
CPMLCP
CPMLCS
CPMLOP
CPMLOS
CPMNIP
CPMNIS
CPMOXP
CPMOXS
'C'PNIN1
CPN2P
CPN2S
CPSFP
CPSFS
CPSWP
CPSWS
CPWV
CRACON
Lithium pool to combustion zone in combustion zone
Specific heat of primary extraneous heat capacity (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of secondary extraneous heat capacity (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Used in calculating CPLI (CPFAC=.004938TLI-6.20741)
Specific heat of hydrogen gas (2.48 BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of insulation (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of lithium carbide in the primary gas (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of Li 2 CO 3 in the primary gas (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of Li 2 CO3 in the secondary gas (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of pure lead (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of lithium (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of lithium (used during LC-2 lithium transfer
simulation (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of lithium hydroxide (0.67 BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of lithium nitride (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of lithium nitride in primary (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of lithium nitride in secondary (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of lithium oxide (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Molar specific heat of lithium hydroxide (BTU/lb-mol deg. F.)
Specific heat of lithium oxide in primary (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of lithium oxide in secondary (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of water for secondary floor liner-secondary water pool
heat transfer (at TAVE) (BTU/deg. F.)
Heat capacity of carbon dioxide in primary (BTU/deg. F.)
Heat capacity of carbon dioxide in secondary (BTU/deg. F.)
Effective heat capacity of combustion zone (BTU/deg. F.)
Heat capacity of hydrogen in containment (BTU/deg. F.)
Heat capacity of lithium carbonate in primary (BTU/deg. F.)
Heat capacity of lithium carbonate in secondary (BTU/deg. F.)
Heat capacity of lithium oxide in primary (BTU/deg. F.)
Heat capacity of lithium oxide in secondary (BTU/deg. F.)
Heat capacity of nitrogen in primary (BTU/deg. F.)
Heat capacity of nitrogen in secondary (BTU/deg. F.)
Heat capacity of oxygen in primary (BTU/deg. F.)
Heat capacity of oxygen in secondary (BTU/deg. F.)
Pan to inner insulation in pan
Specific heat of nitrogen gas in primary (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of nitrogen gas in secondary (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of primary floor liner (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of secondary floor liner (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of primary wall liner (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of secondary wall liner (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Specific heat of water vapor in primary (BTU/lb deg. F.)
Area of concrete exposed to lithium in concrete combustion model (ft 2 )
36
CRACK
'C'SBLI
DAB
DELMP
DELMS
DELOUT
DELT
DFILM
DFLIPB
DIFF
DIFFLI
DMPBDT
DP1,..DP3
DTBDT(i)
DTCDT(i)
DTMIN
DT1..DT5
DT1
DT2
DT3
DT4
DT5
DYNAMI
DI
EFILM
EMCONC
EMCZ
EMF
EMGP
EMGPF
EMGS
EMINS
EMLI
ESCR
ESCTIN
ESTAIR
ESTLFP
ESTLFS
ESTLWP
ESTLWS
EW1
Area of the orifice between the two cells (square inches)
Lithium pool to primary floor liner in floor liner
Diffusion coefficient for air and water (ft2 /sec)
Fractional exchange rate of primary gas used in determining the
minimum time step (sec)
Fractional exchange rate of secondary gas used in determining the
minimum time step (sec)
User defined maximum time step length (sec)
Time step length (sec)
Lithium vapor film thickness (ft)
Diffusion coefficient for lithium through lead (ft2 /sec)
Gas mass diffusion coefficient to the combustion zone (ft2 /sec)
Lithium diffusion coefficient to the combustion zone (ft2 /sec)
Mass rate of change of lead in lead layer (lb/sec)
Increase in cell gas pressure due to each injection (psi)
Concrete floor temperature rate of change, node i (deg. F./sec)
Concrete wall temperature rate of change, node i (deg. F./sec)
User defined minimum time step length (sec)
X/(dx/dt) * RELERR, used in determining the time step length (sec)
X = Lithium pool temperature
X = Primary gas temperature
X = Primary wall liner temperature
X = Combustion rate
X = Combustion zone temperature*.05
Subroutine used in controlling integration loops
Kinematic viscosity of the cell gas (squared) at the film temperature
(ft 4 /sec 2 ), See related film temperature T1.
Film depth of depleted zone above combustion zone (in)
Thermal emissivity of concrete
Thermal emissivity of combustion zone
Used in fixing minimum emissivity of the lithium pool (.9 in code)
Thermal emissivity of primary gas (minimum of .005 in code)
Constant used in determining EMGP, usually chosen at .04
Thermal emissivity of secondary gas (minimum of .005 in code)
Thermal emissivity of pan insulation
Thermal emissivity of lithium pool
Heat removal rate by emergency space cooling (BTU/sec)
Time after spill when ESCR begins (sec)
Thermal emissivity of the cell steam-air mixture (without aerosols)
Thermal emissivity of the primary floor liner
Thermal emissivity of the secondary floor liner
Thermal emissivity of the primary wall liner
Thermal emissivity of the secondary wall liner
Thermal emissivity of water vapor at one atmosphere and cell temperature
37
EXHSTR
EXHSTV
EXX
Rate of primary gas exhaust (lb/sec)
Rate of primary gas exhaust (ft3 /sec)
Temporary variable used in calculating heat and mass diffusion
coefficients (ft-
3
)
EXI
Used in calculating mass and heat transfer coefficients
(ft- 1 ) See related film temperature T1.
FCO2P
FCO2S
FCT1,FCT2
FCT3
FF1,FF2
FMLEAK
FMLEFT
FNIP
FNIS
FOUTP
FOUTS
FOUTT
FOXP
FOXS
FPG
FPW
FRA
FWAP
FWAS
GAP
GAMMA
GIN
GRPR
GRPRF
HGWP
HA
HAMF
Weight fraction of CO 2 in primary gas
Weight fraction of CO 2 in secondary gas
HB
HBINF
HCOND
HEHCP
HEHCS
HEVAP
Fraction of nitrogen in each injection (by number)
Used in heat balance equations for spray fire
Fraction of mass of gas leaked out of primary
Fraction of mass of gas remaining in containment
Weight fraction of nitrogen in primary gas
Weight fraction of nitrogen in secondary gas
Loss rate of primary gas which is either exhausted or changes cells
Loss rate of secondary gas which is either exhausted or changes cells
Total loss rate from outermost gas cell (FOUTS+LEAK)
Weight fraction of oxygen in primary gas
Weight fraction of oxygen in secondary gas
Radiative view factor from lithium pool to primary gas (1.0 w/o pan)
Radiative view factor from lithium pool to primary wall liner
Fraction of combustion products evolved into cell gas
Weight fraction of water vapor in primary gas
Weight fraction of water vapor in secondary gas
Air gap between floor liner and concrete (ft)
Ratio of specific heats c,/c, (set to 1.4 in the code)
Acceleration due to gravity (32.2 ft/sec2 )
Product of the Grashof and Prandtl numbers of the water pool-gas boundary
Product of the Grashof and Prandtl numbers of the water pool
Heat transfer coefficient between primary wall and gas (BTU/ft 2 sec deg. F.)
Heat transfer coefficient between exterior wall and ambient (BTU/ft 2 sec deg. F.)
Heat transfer coefficient between exterior floor and ambient
(BTU/ft 2 sec deg. F.)
Heat transfer coefficient between lithium pool and primary gas
(BTU/ft 2 sec deg. F.)
Equilibrium value of HB
Total heat transfer coefficient between the water pool and the cell
gas (BTU/ft 2 sec deg. F.)
Heat transfer coefficient between primary extraneous heat.capacity
and primary gas (BTU/ft 2 sec deg. F.)
Heat transfer coefficient between secondary extraneous heat capacity
and secondary gas (BTU/ft 2 sec deg. F.)
Heat flux to water pool from gas mixture due to evaporation ( BTU/sec-ft 2 )
38
HF
Mass transport coefficient to the lithium pool (ft/sec)
HFG
HFG2
Latent heat of vaporization of water vapor in the primary gas (BTU/lb)
Latent heat of vaporization of water vapor in the secondary gas (BTU/lb)
HFINF
Equilibrium value of HF (BTU/ft2 sec deg. F.)
HFPGP
Heat transfer coefficient between primary floor liner and primary gas
(BTU/ft 2 sec deg. F.)
HFPGAS
HFSGAS
Heat transfer coefficient between primary floor liner and
secondary gas (BTU/ft 2 sec deg. F.)
Heat transfer coefficient between secondary floor liner and
secondary gas (BTU/ft 2 sec deg. F.)
HINxxx
Heat transfer coefficients are determined by LITFIRE as indicated in
section 11.2.2. The coefficients C are indicated in the code as
HINxxx and are dimensionless
HINECP
HINECS
HINFAM
HINFGS
HINFSG
HINGPF
HINGSP
HINGSS
Correlation
Correlation
Correlation
Correlation
Correlation
Correlation
Correlation
Correlation
HINJ
HINJ2
Specific enthalpy of steam injected to primary cell (BTU/lb)
Specific enthalpy of steam injected to secondary cell (BTU/lb)
HINPS
HINSAM
Correlation for HWPGAS
Correlation for HA
HLP
HLP2
HLPFLR
Specific enthalpy of the primary liquid water pool (BTU/lb)
Specific enthalpy of the secondary liquid water pool (BTU/lb)
Heat transfer coefficient between the liquid water pool and the
secondary floor liner (BTU/ft 2 sec deg. F.)
Heat transfer coefficient between the pan and primary gas
HPAN
for
for
for
for
for
for
for
for
HEHCP
HEHCS
HAMF
HFPGAS
HFSGAS
HFPGP
HGWP
HSEC
(BTU/ft 2 sec deg. F.)
HPRIME
HRATIO
HRAT2
HSAT
HSEC
HSENS
HTCPGP
HTCPGS
HU(x,y)
HUCH
Increased value of HSENS due to a large condensation/evaporation
rate (BTU/ft 2 sec deg. F.)
Molar fraction of hydrogen in the primary gas
Molar fraction of hydrogen in the secondary gas
Specific enthalpy of saturated liquid water at cell pressure (BTU/lb)
Heat transfer coefficient between secondary floor liner and
secondary gas (BTU/ft2 sec deg. F.)
Sensible heat transfer coefficient from the water pool to the vapor
mixture (BTU/ft 2 sec deg. F.)
Heat capacity of the primary gas (BTU/deg. F.)
Heat capacity of the secondary gas (BTU/deg. F.)
Chart of Uchida heat transfer coefficients vs. MR
Uchida heat transfer coefficient for condensing steam (BTU/ft 2 sec deg. F.)
39
HUM
HUM2
HWPGAS
HWV
HWV2
I
IAM
IB
INIT
INJEC1..3
INTDSx
INTGRL
IPAGE
IPASS
KAIR
KAIRB
Initial relative humidity of the primary cell (1.0=100%)
Initial relative humidity of the secondary cell (1.0=100%)
Heat transfer coefficient between primary wall liner and
secondary gas (BTU/ft 2 sec deg. F.)
Specific enthalpy of water vapor in the primary gas (BTU/lb)
Specific enthalpy of water vapor in the secondary gas (BTU/lb)
General purpose DO loop counter
DO loop counter for wall and floor concrete node initialization
DO loop counter for floor concrete iterations
Initializing subroutine for integrations
Flags for gas injection. INJECn indicates the injection has occurred.
Interpolation factor used in reading steam tables
Arithmetic statement function for finding integrals
Number of lines of output between headings
Used during integration routine to tell INTGRL to perform certain
special functions during the first two executions of the section
Thermal conductivity of non-condensible gas (air) (BTU/sec ft deg. F.)
Thermal conductivity of air at the water pool-gas boundary
(BTU/sec ft deg. F.)
KAIRG
KB
KBNDRY
KLEAK
KCON
KFILM
KGAP
Thermal conductivity of air in a cell gas (BTU/sec ft deg. F.)
Water condensation mass transfer coefficient (lb mol/sec-ft2 )
Thermal conductivity of the water pool-gas boundary (BTU/sec ft deg. F.)
Leak rate constant from containment (in/lb'5 sec)
Note: units have been inferred from the code and may not be
correct. Reference value: 2.588-10-9
Thermal conductivity of concrete (input as BTU/hr ft deg. F.)
Thermal conductivity of pool/combustion zone film (BTU/sec ft deg. F.)
Thermal conductivity of the gap between the liner and concrete
(BTU/hr ft deg. F.)
KH20
KH20B
Thermal conductivity of water vapor (BTU/sec ft deg. F.)
Thermal conductivity of water vapor at the water pool-gas boundary
(BTU/sec ft deg. F.)
KH2OG
KINI
KIN2
KPAN
KSTLFP
KSTLFS
KSTLWP
KSTLWS
KWAT
L
Li
LEAK
Thermal conductivity of water vapor in a cell gas (BTU/sec ft deg. F.)
Thermal conductivity of inner insulation layer (BTU/hr ft deg. F.)
Thermal conductivity of outer insulation layer (BTU/hr ft deg. F.)
Thermal conductivity of the pan (BTU/hr ft deg. F.)
Thermal conductivity of the primary floor liner (BTU/hr ft deg. F.)
Thermal conductivity of the secondary floor liner (BTU/hr ft deg. F.)
Thermal conductivity of the primary wall liner (BTU/hr ft deg. F.)
Thermal conductivity of the secondary wall liner (BTU/hr ft deg. F.)
Thermal conductivity of liquid water (BTU/sec ft deg. F.)
Thickness of a wall concrete node (ft)
Thickness of a floor concrete node (ft)
Gas leakage rate from outermost cell (sec')
40
LEAKO
LIBP
LIL
LILC2
LILCA
LILCAR
LILNI
LILOX
LILP
LIS
LIT
MAIP
MAIS
MAIRP
MAIRS
MAP
MAS
MBOIL
MCO2IP
MCO2IS
MCO2P
MCO2S
MCONDE
MCONDF
MCONDP
MCONDW
MCONFP
MCONWP
MFAB
MFAG
MFVB
MFVG
MGB
MH2P
MH2S
MINJR
MINJR2
MLC2P
MLC2S
MLC3IP
MLC3IS
Initial gas leakage rate from outermost cell (sec- 1 )
Lithium
Amount
stability
Amount
consumed in pool fire (lb)
of lithium remaining in pool-limited to LIT/10 for numerical
during calculations
of Li 2 C 2 in the pool (lb)
Amount of Li 2 CO 3 in the pool (lb)
Amount of carbon in the pool (lb)
Amount of Li 3 N in the pool (lb)
Amount of Li 2 0 in the pool (lb)
True amount of lithium in the pool (lb)
Amount of lithium consumed in the spray fire (lb)
Initial mass of lithium in the pool (lb)
Initial mass of inert gas in the primary gas (lb)
Initial mass of inert gas in the secondary gas (lb)
Mass of primary non-condensible gas (lb)
Mass of secondary non-condensible gas (lb)
Mass of inert gas in the primary gas (lb)
Mass of inert gas in the secondary gas (lb)
Mass of water boiled off from the water pool in one time step (lb)
Initial mass of carbon dioxide in the primary gas (lb)
Initial mass of carbon dioxide in the secondary gas (lb)
Mass of carbon dioxide in the primary gas (lb)
Mass of carbon dioxide in the secondary gas (lb)
Condensation rate of water on an extraneous heat capacity (lb/sec)
Condensation rate of water on the secondary floor liner (lb/sec)
Condensation rate of water on the pan insulation (lb/sec)
Condensation rate of water on a wall liner (lb/sec)
Condensation rate of water on the primary floor liner
from the secondary gas (lb/sec)
Condensation rate of water on the primary wall liner
from the secondary gas (lb/sec)
Molar fraction of air at the water pool-gas boundary
Molar fraction of air in the cell gas
Molar fraction of water vapor at the water pool-gas boundary
Molar fraction of water vapor in the cell gas
Molecular weight of the mixture at the water pool-gas boundary
Mass of hydrogen in the primary gas (lb)
Mass of hydrogen in the secondary gas (lb)
Mass flow rate of steam injected to primary cell (lb/sec)
Mass flow rate of steam injected to secondary cell (lb/sec)
Mass of lithium carbide in the primary gas (lb)
Mass of lithium carbide in the secondary gas (lb)
Initial mass of lithium carbonate in the primary gas (lb)
Initial mass of lithium carbonate in the secondary gas (lb)
41
MLC3P
MLC3S
MLEAD
MLIHP
MLIHS
MLINIP
MLINIS
MLINP
MLINS
MLIOH
MLIOIP
MLIOIS
MLIOP
MLIOS
MNIINJ
MNIIP
MNIIS
MNIP
MNIS
MNINJ1..3
MOINJ1..3
MOXINJ
MOXIP
MOXIS
MOXP
MOXS
MR
MUAIR
MUAIRB
MUAIRG
MUB
MUDIFF
MUV
MUVB
MUVCZ
MWL
MWL2
MWLV
MWLV2
MWLZ
MWLZ2
MWV
Mass of lithium carbonate in the primary gas (lb)
Mass of lithium carbonate in the secondary gas (lb)
Mass of lead in the lead layer above the lithium-lead pool (lb)
Mass of lithium-hydroxide in the primary gas (lb)
Mass of lithium-hydroxide in the secondary gas (lb)
Initial mass of lithium-nitride in the primary gas (lb)
Initial mass of lithium-nitride in the secondary gas (lb)
Mass of lithium-nitride in the primary gas (lb)
Mass of lithium-nitride in the secondary gas (lb)
Mass of LiOH produced (moles)
Initial mass of lithium-oxide in primary gas (lb)
Initial mass of lithium-oxide in secondary gas (lb)
Mass of lithium-oxide in primary gas (lb)
Mass of lithium-oxide in secondary gas (lb)
Rate of nitrogen injection during a one minute interval (lb/sec)
Initial mass of nitrogen in the primary gas (lb)
Initial mass of nitrogen in the secondary gas (lb)
Mass of nitrogen in the primary gas (lb)
Mass of nitrogen in the secondary gas (lb)
Mass of nitrogen injected in gas injection (lb)
Mass of oxygen injected in gas injection (lb)
Rate of oxygen injection during a one minute interval (lb/sec)
Initial mass of oxygen in the primary gas (lb)
Initial mass of oxygen in the secondary gas (lb)
Mass of oxygen in the primary gas (lb)
Mass of oxygen in the secondary gas (lb)
Mass ratio of air to water vapor in the cell gas
Viscosity of air in the cell gas (lb/sec-ft)
Viscosity of air at the water pool-gas boundary (lb/sec-ft)
Viscosity of air in the cell gas (lb/sec-ft)
Viscosity of the mixture at the water pool-gas boundary (lb/sec-ft)
Viscosity of the mixture at the lithium pool surface (lb/sec-ft)
Viscosity of water vapor in the cell gas (lb/sec-ft)
Viscosity of water vapor at the water pool-gas boundary (lb/sec-ft)
Viscosity of water vapor at the lithium pool surface (lb/sec-ft)
Mass of liquid water in the primary water pool (lb)
Mass of liquid water in the secondary water pool (lb)
Mass of liquid water in the primary gas (lb)
Mass of liquid water in the secondary gas (lb)
Time rate of change of the mass of liquid water in the primary water
pool (lb)
Time rate of change of the mass of liquid water in the secondary water
pool (lb)
Total mass of water in the primary gas (lb)
42
MWV2
MWVV
MWVV2
MWVZ
MWVZ2
N
NAME(i)
NL
NL1
NLM1
NL1M1
NS
NULV
OUTINT
OVERPP
OVERPS
OXLB
OXLBI
OXLFS
PAP
PAPZER
PAS
PASZER
PERCEN
QCxxx
Total mass of water in the secondary gas (lb)
Mass of water vapor in the primary gas (lb)
Mass of water vapor in the secondary gas (lb)
Time rate of change of the total mass of water in the primary gas (lb)
Time rate of change of the total mass of water in the secondary gas (lb)
Index used to transfer to section of subroutines, and as a DO loop counter
Input variable containing program name and output headings
Number of concrete wall nodes
Number of concrete floor nodes
Number of concrete wall nodes minus one
Number of concrete floor nodes minus one
Index used to control transfer to sections of the steam-air subroutines
Kinematic viscosity of water at the secondary floor liner (ft2 /sec)
Fraction of the outermost cell gas leaked to ambient
Primary cell overpressure (psig)
Secondary cell overpressure (psig)
Mass of oxygen consumed in the fire (lb)
Mass of oxygen consumed in the spray fire (lb)
Mass of oxygen remaining after the spray fire (lb)
Primary gas pressure (psia)
Initial primary gas pressure (psia)
Secondary gas pressure (psia)
Initial secondary gas pressure (psia)
Molecular percentage of lithium-peroxide (vs. monoxide) formed
during combustion
Partial pressure of water vapor in the primary gas (psia)
Partial pressure of water vapor in the secondary gas (psia)
Partial pressure of water vapor at the primary water pool-gas boundary (psia)
Partial pressure of water vapor at the secondary water pool-gas boundary (psia)
=1 if primary cell is saturated, =2 if superheated
=1 if secondary cell is saturated, =2 if superheated
Baroczy two-phase flow correction factor at the lithium pool surface
Baroczy two-phase flow correction factor at the lithium pool surface
Baroczy two-phase flow correction factor at the water pool surface
Baroczy two-phase flow-correction factor at the water pool surface
Partial pressure of lithium vapor (psia)
Prandtl number divided by the Schmidt number
Saturation pressure of water at the primary gas temperature (psia)
Saturation pressure of water at the secondary gas temperature (psia)
Used in setting the time step length calculated from the heat conduction
rate to the pan or primary floor liner from the lithium pool
Primary gas pressure after the spray fire (psia)
Heat of combustion (BTU/lb Li)
QCC
Li-CO 2 producing lithium carbonate reaction
PH20
PH202
PH20B
PH20B2
PHASE
PHASE2
PHIA
PHIW
PHIAWB
PHIWAB
PLIV
PRSC
PSAT
PSAT2
PYU
PZEROP
43
QCCONi.
QCN
QCO
QCO1
QCO2
QCW
QIN
QL2C2
QLFLR
QLIOH
QOUT1..5
QQQ
QRADxx
QRADB
QRADC
QRADCG
QRADFG
QRADFS
QRADG
QRADP
QRADPG
QRADPS
QRADS
QRADW
QU
QVAP
QVEHC
QVPAN
QVSEC
QVFLR
QVFPGS
QVWPGS
RA
RADxxx
'RAD'B
oncrete reaction
Nitrogen reaction
Oxygen reaction
Monoxide reaction
Peroxide reaction
Water vapor reaction
Heat addition to primary gas from spray fire (BTU)
Heat of combustion for the carbon reaction (BTU/lb Li)
Heat flux from the secondary water pool to the secondary floor liner
(BTU/ft 2 )
Heat of fusion of LiOH (BTU/lb mol)
Used in heat balance equations for the spray fire (BTU)
Used as a counter in the lithium transfer simulation
Indicates a radiative heat flow (BTU/sec)
Floor liner (or pan) to ambient or floor concrete
Wall liner to ambient or wall concrete
Pan to primary gas
Primary floor liner to secondary gas
Primary floor liner to secondary floor liner
Combustion zone (or Li pool without combustion) to primary gas
Combustion zone to lithium pool (only during combustion)
Primary wall liner to secondary gas
Primary wall liner to secondary wall liner
Pan to primary floor liner
Combustion zone (or lithium pool) to primary wall liner
Heat flux from the primary gas to primary wall liner
due to condensation (BTU/sec-ft 2 )
Heat of vaporization of lithium (BTU/lb)
Heat flux from the cell gas to the extraneous heat capacity
due to condensation (BTU/sec-ft 2 )
Heat flux from the primary gas to the pan insulation
due to condensation (BTU/sec-ft 2 )
Heat flux from the secondary gas to secondary wall liner
due to condensation (BTU/sec-ft 2 )
Heat flux from the cell gas to cell floor liner
due to condensation (BTU/sec-ft 2 )
Heat flux from the secondary gas to primary floor liner
due to condensation (BTU/sec-ft 2 )
Heat flux from the secondary gas to primary wall liner
due to condensation (BTU/sec-ft 2 )
Mean radius of combustion product particles (microns)
'RAD' or 'R' indicates a temperature rate of change in one node due
to radiative heat transfer to or from another (deg. F./sec)
Floor liner to ambient or floor concrete
44
'RAD'C
'RAD'CB
'RAD'CC
RAIR
RAIR2
RBREAK
RC2
RC2LB
RCMBC2
RCMBCO
RCMBCS
Wall liner to ambient or wall concrete
Floor concrete from floor liner
Wall concrete from wall liner
Gas constant for primary non-condensible gas (RIN/XMOLP)
Gas constant for secondary non-condensible gas (RIN/XMOLS)
Temperature rate of change of primary gas due to leakage (R/sec)
Li-CO 2 reaction rate inhibition factor (Li 2 COs reaction)
Rate of carbon consumption (lb/sec)
Stoichiometric combustion ratio for lithium and carbon (lb Li/lb C)
Stoichiometric combustion ratio for lithium and carbon dioxide
for lithium carbonate producing reaction (lb Li/lb C02)
Stoichiometric ratio of lithium consumed in Li 2 CO3 producing
reaction to Li 2 CO 3 produced (lb Li/lb Li 2 COs)
RCMBH2
RCMBN
RCMBO
RCMBOl
RCMBO2
RCMBW
RCMCA1
RCMCA2
RCMCCO
RCOLB
'R'CZG
'R'CZP
'R'CZW
RELERR
'R'FPFS
'R'FPGAS
'R'FSFP
'R'GASFP
'R'GASPA
'R'GLI
RHCON
RHINS
RHLEAD
RHLI
RHLIX
RHOAIP
RHOAIS
Stoichiometric combustion ratio for lithium and hydrogen (lb Li/lb H)
Stoichiometric combustion ratio for lithium and nitrogen (lb Li/lb N)
Stoichiometric combustion ratio for lithium and oxygen (lb Li/lb 0)
Stoichiometric combustion ratio for monoxide reaction (lb Li/lb 0)
Stoichiometric combustion ratio for peroxide reaction (lb Li/lb 0)
Stoichiometric combustion ratio for lithium and water (lb Li/lb H2 0)
Stoichiometric ratio of lithium consumed in Li-CO 2 reaction
producing Li 2 0 and carbon to carbon produced (lb Li/lb C)
Stoichiometric ratio of lithium consumed in Li-CO 2 reaction
producing Li 2 CO 3 and carbon to carbon produced (lb Li/lb C)
Stoichiometric combustion ratio for lithium and carbon dioxide
for lithium oxide producing reaction (lb Li/lb C02)
Rate of carbon dioxide consumption (lb C0 2 /sec)
Primary gas from combustion zone
Lithium pool from combustion zone
Primary wall liner from combustion zone
Fraction of X/(dx/dt) allowed as the maximum time step (sec)
Primary floor liner from secondary floor liner
Primary floor liner from secondary gas
Secondary floor liner from primary floor liner
Secondary gas from primary floor liner
Pan to primary gas
Lithium pool to primary gas (without combustion)
Density of concrete (lb/ft3 )
Density of insulation (lb/ft3 )
Density of pure lead (lb/ft3 )
Density of pure lithium (lb/ft3 )
Density of pure lithium (used in LC-2 lithium transfer simulation)
(lb/ft3 )
Initial density of primary non-condensible gas (lb/ft3 )
Initial density of secondary non-condensible gas (lb/ft3 )
45
RHOAP
RHOAS
RHOB
RHOCAR
RHOLC2
RHOLC3
RHOLIH
RHOLIN
RHOLIO
RHOLIV
RHOTOT
RHPAN
RHSFP
RHSFS
RHSWP
RHSWS
RIFxxx
RIFCZG
RIFCZP
RIFFPS
RIFPAG
RIFPAS
RIFPG
RIFPGA
RIFPS
RIFPW
RIFSLC
RIN
RINP
RINS
'R'LIG
'R'LIW
RN2
RNILB
R02
ROXLB
'R'PAGAS
'R'PANST
RR
'R'SPGS
'R'STPAN
RWALB
'R'WLI
'R'WPGAS
Density of primary non-condensible gas (lb/ft3 )
Density of secondary non-condensible gas (lb/ft3 )
Density of the water pool-gas boundary layer (lb/ft3 )
Density of carbon (lb/ft3 )
Density of Li 2 C 2 (lb/ft 3 )
Density of Li 2 CO 3 (lb/fta)
Density of LiOH (lb/ft3 )
Density of Li 3 N (lb/ft3 )
Density of Li 2 0 (lb/ft3 )
Density of lithium vapor above the pool (lb/ft3 )
Total gas density at the lithium pool surface (lb/ft3 )
Density of lithium spill pan (lb/ft3 )
Density of primary floor liner (lb/ft3 )
Density of secondary floor liner (lb/ft3 )
Density of primary wall liner (lb/ft3)
Density of secondary wall liner (lb/ft3 )
Radiative interchange factor-used in radiative heat transfer
Combustion zone and primary gas
Combustion zone and primary wall liner
Primary floor liner and secondary floor liner
Pan to primary gas
Pan to floor liner
Lithium pool to primary gas
Primary wall liner to secondary gas
Primary wall liner to secondary wall liner
Lithium pool to primary wall liner
Wall or floor liner to concrete
Universal gas constant (1545 ft-lbf/lb-mol-deg. F.)
Gas constant for the primary gas (RIN/XMOLP)
Gas constant for the secondary gas (RIN/XMOLS)
Gas from lithium pool (without combustion)
Wall liner from lithium pool (without combustion)
Lithium-nitrogen reaction rate inhibition factor
Rate of nitrogen combustion (lb/sec)
Lithium-oxygen reaction rate inhibition factor
Rate of oxygen combustion (lb/sec)
Primary gas from pan
Primary wall liner from pan
Function which generates the lithium-nitrogen reaction rate curve
Secondary gas from primary wall liner
Pan from primary wall liner
Rate of water vapor consumption (lb/sec)
Lithium pool from primary wall liner (without combustion)
Primary wall liner from secondary gas
46
'R'WPWS
'R'WSWP
SAT(x,y)
SFLCR
SFLEND
SFLTIN
SH(x,y,z)
SIGMA
SPILL
SPRAY
STICK
STMFAC
STMIN
STMIN2
STMOUT
STOUT2
TA
TAU
TAUCZ
TAVE
TAVHI
TAVLO
TB(i)
TBIC(i)
TxxxxF
TBLOW
TC(i)
TCIC(i)
TCIGNI
TCON
TCZ
TCZI
TE
TEHCP
TEHCS
TEHCZP
TEHCZS
TETI
Primary wall liner from secondary wall liner
Secondary wall liner from primary wall liner
Saturated steam table
Heat removal rate by emergency cooling of floor liner (BTU/sec)
Time after spill when SFLCR ends (sec)
Time after spill when SFLCR begins (sec)
Superheated steam table
Stefan-Boltzmann constant (1.713-10-9 BTU/ft2 -hr-deg. R.4 )
Total mass of lithium spilled (lb) ,
Mass fraction of lithium consumed in the spray fire
Rate at which aerosols are removed from the primary cell due to
sticking to the wall. If STICK > 1.0, execution stops.
STICK may be reduced by increasing BETA.
Density weighting factor for calculating steam-air mixture properties
Time to begin steam injection to primary cell (sec)
Time to begin steam injection to secondary cell (sec)
Time to end steam injection to primary cell (sec)
Time to end steam injection to secondary cell (sec)
Ambient temperature (deg. R.)
Time constant for transient natural convection
Radiative transmissivity used to model pool-combustion zone coupling
rather than (1.-EMCZ)
Average of secondary floor and secondary water pool temperature (deg. R.)
Variable used to read steam tables
Variable used to read steam tables
Temperature of ith node of concrete floor (deg. R.)
Initial temperature of ith node of concrete floor (deg. R.)
Corresponding temperature to Txxxx in Fahrenheit
Inert gas inlet temperature (deg. R.)
Temperature of ith node of concrete wall (deg. R.)
Initial temperature of ith node of concrete wall (deg. R.)
Ignition temperature of lithium-concrete reaction (deg. R.)
Concrete combustion zone temperature (deg. R.)
Combustion zone temperature (deg. R.)
Initial combustion zone temperature (deg. R.)
Equilibrium temperature resulting from spray fire (deg. R.)
Primary extraneous heat capacity temperature (deg. R.)
Secondary extraneous heat capacity temperature (deg. R.)
Initial primary extraneous heat capacity temperature (deg. R.)
Initial secondary extraneous heat capacity temperature (deg. R.)
Used in calculating thermal conductivity of inner pan insulation
See KIN1
TET2
Used in calculating thermal conductivity of outer pan insulation
See KIN2
47
TEZ
Average of combustion zone temperature and lithium pool temperature
Used in test for combustion (deg. R.)
TFEFF
Normalized temperature of combustion zone-lithium pool temperature
(deg. R.)
TFHI
Variable used to read steam tables
TFLO
Variable used to read steam tables
TFS
Secondary floor liner temperature (deg. R.)
TGP
Primary gas temperature (deg. R.)
TGPZER
Initial primary gas temperature (deg. R.)
TGS
Secondary gas temperature (deg. R.)
TGSZER
Initial secondary gas temperature (deg. R.)
THFC
Thickness of concrete floor (ft)
THFP
Thickness of primary floor liner (ft)
THFS
Thickness of secondary floor liner (ft)
THI
Temporary variable used to read steam tables
Thickness of inner pan insulation (ft)
THKIN1
THKIN2
Thickness of outer pan insulation (ft)
THKPAN
Thickness of spill pan (ft)
THPB
Thickness of lead layer above the lithium-lead pool (ft)
THWC
Thickness of concrete wall (ft)
Thickness of primary wall liner (ft)
THWP
THWS
Thickness of secondary wall liner (ft)
TIME
Time elapsed after spill has occurred (sec)
TIMEF
User defined time to stop execution of the code (sec)
TIMEO
Time at which code prints output data to a file (sec)
TINS1
Inner pan insulation layer temperature (deg. R.)
TINSlI
Initial inner pan insulation layer temperature (deg. R.)
TINS2
Outer pan insulation layer temperature (deg. R.)
TINS2I
Initial outer pan insulation layer temperature (deg. R.)
TLEAD
Temperature of the lead layer above the Li-Pb pool (deg. R.)
TLEADI
Initial temperature of the lead layer above the Li-Pb pool (deg. R.)
TLI
Lithium pool temperature (deg. R.)
TLIBS
Lithium pool temperature before spray fire (deg. R.)
TLII
Initial lithium pool temperature (deg. R.)
TLO
Temporary variable used to read steam tables
TLP
Temperature of the primary liquid pool (deg. R.)
TMELT
Melting temperature of lithium (deg. R.)
TO
Primary gas temperature before spray fire (deg. R.)
TONE,TTWO,TTHREE Time at which each injection occurs (sec)
TPAN
Pan temperature (deg. R.)
TPANZO
Initial pan temperature (deg. R.)
TSAT
Saturation temperature of water based on its partial pressure (deg. F.)
TSFP
Primary floor liner temperature (deg. R.)
TSFPI
Initial primary floor liner temperature (deg. R.)
48
TSFSI
TSP
TSPZER
TSS
TSSZER
TVAP
T1
T2,T3
UA
UGPB
UL
UL2
ULP
ULP2
ULPB
ULZ
ULZ2
USUBA
UV
UV2
UVZ
UVZ2
UWV
UWV2
VA
VAB
VCONC
VHI
VG
VG2
VL
VL2
VLO
VLP
VLP2
VLPF
VLPV
VP
VS
VSB
VST
Initial secondary floor liner temperature (deg. R.)
Primary wall liner temperature (deg. R.)
Initial primary wall liner temperature (deg. R.)
Secondary wall liner temperature (deg. R.)
Initial secondary wall liner temperature (deg. R.)
Vaporization temperature of lithium (deg. R.)
Film temperature between primary gas and lithium pool (deg. R.)
Temporary variables used in setting up steam table
Internal energy of non-condensible gas in a cell (BTU)
Specific internal energy of saturated water vapor at boiling (BTU/lb)
Internal energy of the primary water pool (BTU)
Internal energy of the secondary water pool (BTU)
Specific internal energy of the primary water pool (BTU/lb)
Specific internal energy of the secondary water pool (BTU/lb)
Specific internal energy of liquid needed for boiling to occur (BTU/lb)
Time rate of change of UL (BTU/sec)
Time rate of change of UL2 (BTU/sec)
Heat transfer coefficient between the outermost containment node and
the ambient (BTU/sec-ft 2 -deg. F.)
Internal energy of the primary gas (BTU)
Internal energy of the secondary gas (BTU)
Time rate of change of the internal energy of the primary gas (BTU/sec)
Time rate of change of the internal energy of the secondary gas (BTU/sec)
Specific internal energy of water vapor in the primary gas (BTU/lb)
Specific internal energy of water vapor in the secondary gas (BTU/lb)
Specific volume of non-condensible primary gas (ft3 /lb)
Specific volume of non-condensible gas at the water pool-gas boundary (ft3 /lb)
Volume of concrete in the first node of concrete (ft 3 )
Variable used to read steam tables
Specific volume of water in the primary gas (ft 3 /lb)
Specific volume of water in the secondary gas (ft3 /lb)
Volume of the primary water pool (ft')
Volume of the secondary water pool (ft')
Variable used to read steam tables
Specific volume of the priimary water pool (ft3 /lb)
Specific volume of the secondary water pool (ft3 /lb)
Specific volume of saturated liquid water at the secondary floor liner
temperature (ft3 /lb)
Specific volume of saturated liquid water for heat transfer between the
secondary floor liner and the secondary water pool (ft3 /lb)
Volume of primary cell (ft3 )
Volume of secondary cell (ft')
Specific volume of water vapor at the water pool-gas boundary (ft3 /lb)
Specific volume of water vapor at the lithium pool surface (ft/lb)
49
VVB
VVB2
VVG
VVG2
VVT
WAB
WAP
WAS
WATER
WCB
WCP
WCO2S
WN2B
WN2P
WN2S
WO2B
WO2P
W02S
WWAB
WWAP
WWAS
XALLOY
XAM
XBLOW
XESC
XINJ
XINJ2
XLI
XLIDOT
XMAIRP
XMAIRS
XMDOT
XMEHCP
XMEHCS
XMH20I
XMOLP
XMOLS
XMOLA
XMOLAB
XSFL
Specific volume of saturated water vapor at the primary water pool
temperature (ft3 /lb)
Specific volume of saturated water vapor at the secondary water pool
temperature (ft3 /lb)
Specific volume of saturated water vapor in the primary gas (ft3 /lb)
Specific volume of saturated water vapor in the secondary gas (ft3 /lb)
Temporary variable used to determine steam properties for condensation
Mass fraction of inert gas in the flooding gas
Mass fraction of inert gas in the primary gas
Mass fraction of inert gas in the secondary gas
Amount of water that should be left in the top concrete node
according to the correlation being used (lb/ft3 )
Mass fraction of carbon dioxide in the flooding gas
Mass fraction of carbon dioxide in the primary gas
Mass fraction of carbon dioxide in the secondary gas
Mass fraction of nitrogen in the flooding gas
Mass fraction of nitrogen in the primary gas
Mass fraction of nitrogen in the secondary gas
Mass fraction of oxygen in the flooding gas
Mass fraction of oxygen in the primary gas
Mass fraction of oxygen in the secondary gas
Mass fraction of water vapor in the flooding gas
Mass fraction of water vapor in the primary gas
Mass fraction of water vapor in the secondary gas
Atom percent of lithium in lithium-lead pool
Logarithmic mean molar fraction of air (see MFAB and MFAG)
Used in conjunction with IBLOW
Used in conjunction with IESC
Indicates whether steam injection to the primary is in effect
Indicates whether steam injection to the secondary is in effect
Mass fraction of lithium in lithium-lead pool
Mass flow rate of lithium through the lead layer above the Li-Pb
pool (lb/sec)
Amount of non-condensible primary gas after spray fire (lb-mol)
Amount of non-condensible secondary gas after spray fire (lb-mol)
Mass flow rate of gas between primary and secondary cells (lb/sec)
Mass of primary extraneous heat capacity (lb)
Mass of secondary extraneous heat capacity (lb)
Initial mass of water in concrete (lb)
Molecular weight of non-condensible primary gas (lb/lb-mol)
Molecular weight of non-condensible secondary gas (lb/lb-mol)
Molecular weight of containment inert gas (lb/lb-mol)
Molecular weight of flooding inert gas (lb/lb-mol)
Indicates whether emergency floor cooling is currently in effect
50
YALIG
YAPCZ
YPAGAS
ZLI
ZP
ZZxxxx
ZZ1
ZZ2
ZZ3
ZZ4
ZZ5
ZZ6
ZZ7
ZZ8
ZZ9
ZZ99
'ZZ'EP
'ZZ'ES
'ZZ'FS
'ZZ'PB
'ZZ'S
Effective thermal admittance between the pool and primary gas
(BTU/sec-deg. F.)
Effective thermal admittance between the pool and combustion zone
(BTU/sec-deg. F.)
Effective thermal admittance between the pan and primary gas
(BTU/sec-deg. F.)
Thickness of the lithium pool (ft)
Used to determine EMLI if EMLI < 0.9
Temperature rate of change of a node (deg. R./sec)
Lithium pool
Lithium spill pan
Secondary cell gas
Primary cell gas
Primary wall liner
Combustion zone
Primary floor liner
Inner insulation layer
Outer insulation layer
Change in combustion rate with respect to time (lb Li/sec 2 ft 2 )
Primary extraneous heat capacity
Secondary extraneous heat capacity
Secondary floor liner
Lead layer above Li-Pb pool
Secondary wall liner
PROGRAM DECISION FLAGS
IAROSL
IBLOW
ICMB
ICNI
IC021
ICZ
IESC
IFLAG2
IFLAGB
IFLAGC
IFLAGCO
IFLAGD
IFLAGF
IFLAGISI
=1 to use aerosol removal from containment by sticking option
=1 Containment flooding with inert gas
=0 No containment flooding
=0 No oxygen left after spray fire
=1 Still oxygen left after spray fire (initially =1, reset by code)
=0 Nitrogen reactions not possible
=1 Nitrogen reactions possible
=1 to use pure CO 2 atmosphere
=0 Combustion zone model not used
=1 Combustion zone model used
=1 to use emergency space cooling option
=1 to use two-cell geometry option
=1 to use lithium-lead option
=1 to use concrete combustion option
=1 to use pure CO 2 atmosphere option
=1 to use layered lithium-lead pool option
=1 to use floor concrete option
=1 to enter input data in SI units
51
IFLAGP
IFLAGS
IFLAGT
IFLAGU
IFLAGW
ILIT
IMETH
ISFLC
ISWICH
=1 to use pan option
=1 to use dry gas injection option
=1 to use steam-air mixture option
=1 to get output in SI units
=1 to use wall concrete option
=0 No lithium left to burn
=1 Lithium left to burn
=1 Runge-Kutta method of integration used
=3 Simpson's Rule method of integration used
=1 to use emergency floor cooling option
=0 Crack size remains constant
=1 Crack size reset to zero after primary and secondary cell
gas pressure equilibrate (note: this should not be used when
either cell is small compared to the other or the volume of gas
being consumed by the fire)
OPTION AND LOGICAL DECISION FLAGS
FLAG2 = .TRUE.
FLAGAS = .TRUE.
FLAGC = .TRUE.
FLAGCO = .TRUE.
FLAGD = .TRUE.
FLAGDF =.TRUE.
FLAGF =.TRUE.
FLAGISI = .TRUE.
FLAGL =.TRUE.
FLAGM =.TRUE.
FLAGN = .TRUE.
FLAGPB = .TRUE.
FLAGPN =.TRUE.
FLAGSI = .TRUE.
FLAGST = .TRUE.
FLAGW = .TRUE.
Two cell geometry
Injection of dry gas during run
Concrete combustion
Pure CO 2 containment atmosphere
Concrete combustion has stopped (set by code)
Lithium-lead layered pool combustion model
Floor concrete
Code accepts input in SI units
LILP is fixed at a minimum (set by code)
Sonic gas flow between cells (set by code)
Indicates first run through a subroutine (set by code)
Lithium-lead combustion
Pan option
Code prints output in SI units
Steam-air mixture in containment
Wall concrete
52
Appendix C
Troubleshooting (Dube 1978)
"There exists no large computer code which runs perfectly 100% of the time."
-ANONYMOUSThe user of this code may encounter problems while trying to execute LITFIRE.
The most common error statement is generated by the computer itself:
DIVIDE BY
ZERO and stops the code. This indicates that an attempt was made to divide by zero
or something very close to zero. The first step when encountering an error message is to
check the output file out1.dat and ensure that the input was properly entered into the
code. If it was, the error may occur if the value of EXHSTV is too high or LILP is too
low. This problem may be mitigated to an extent by reducing DTMIN, the minimum time
step length, although this will increase computation time.
Another common error message is generated by LITFIRE: EXX IS NEGATIVE CANNOT TAKE ROOT When this occurs, it indicates that the code is trying to take the
square root of a negative number -
the code has diverged numerically and the combustion
zone temperature is negative. This may occur when the combustion rate CMBRH is very
small (i.e.,< 1.0 lb Li/hr-ft2 ), the oxygen and nitrogen concentrations are low, or when
the gas pressure is low. This problem occurs when ZZ6 and DELT are large enough to
produce a negative TCZ. This problem may be solved by reducing the value of DELOUT
to limit the time step size, so extrapolations of TCZ over a long time step do not cause
problems. Unfortunately, this can increase computation time considerably. The variation
of the combustion zone temperature over time is a good indicator of whether or not the
code is running properly. During combustion, TCZ should be 100* F. or more higher than
TLI. Once combustion stops, TCZ should drop rapidly to a value just barely above TLI.
(TLI is hypothetical at this point if the lithium has been consumed, but it is continuously
calculated for numerical reasons.) If TCZ oscillates rapidly or falls below TLI, it is an
indication of trouble. As stated earlier, this may be mitigated by decreasing the value of
DELOUT.
53
If the statement:
LITHIUM TEMP. ABOVE BOILING POINT occurs, this may
indicate that the rate of change of the lithium pool temperature was very large. This may
be due to the fact that TCZ has diverged to a very large value. This generally occurs as
LILP nears zero, as the pool then has a lower heat capacity, and a sudden influx of energy
would cause the pool to heat up rapidly.
Other messages indicate that the user is attempting to use incompatible options together, or that the code has been stopped because there is no point in continuing further
(i.e. the lithium temperature has dropped below the melting point, or containment gas
and pressure have returned to normal).
Other signs of trouble include a rapid drop in containment gas mass (MNIP, MOXP),
or an oscillating combustion zone temperature, TCZ; combustion rate, CMBRH; or time
step length DELT. In general, DELT should increase after the start of the run and then
level off until combustion stops, when it may change more rapidly. Sudden large changes
in DELT indicate that the temperature rates of change are varying rapidly, which usually
should not be the case. If reducing DELT does not help solve the problem, print out values
of the code quantities like ZZ5 and ZZ6 or UVZ and MWVZ to help find the problem.
54
Appendix D
Sample Input Data Files
INPUT DATA FILE LNAAK.W
I 1 0 1
0 1 9 0 0 0 a 0
20 20
.10 .16 .10 .10 .10
.10 .10 .10 .16 .10
.10 .10 .10 .10 .10
.10 .10 .10 .10 .10
50.60
265600.00
538.0
25300.00
0.8333
2.0860
0.85
0.85
0.2
6.9
124.0
18510.0
0.8764
816.60
0.87
0.12
0.07
0.1189
0.1189
0.9960
0.2256
86.940
0.0
0.0
2916.0
0.13
6.12
0
6a
.10
.10
.10
.10
.10
.10
.16
.10
0.1247
600.60
0.020
30.09
30.60
33.80
6.0227
166.00
4086.6
1.487
8431.0
6.01
0.112
.10
.10
.10
.10
.10 .to
.10 .10
.10 .10
.10 .10
39.90
6.1199
0.0
6.015
0.60
497.50
12903.00
497.500
5300.00
30.00
144.00
0.64
0.90
13784.0
6.383
6.93
0.6
0.67
0.07
0.0197
0.0197
6.100
0.07
0.07
0.07
4842.000
48286.00
0.060
1400.6
1572.00
1572.00
00.0001
0.2316
0.0000
00010000000.01000005000.0006080000
0.050
5.0
538.99
1392.0
0.0000
6.6000
60.G0000000005.60000000020.0000
1572.0
INPUT DATA FILE L)AX.X
885570.00000000150.800014.70000000538.0000000538.60000000538.6000
0.00
15.5000
1696200.0
1482.0
0.1199
0.85
0.1199
0.85
356.0
0.232
9709.00
30.60
36.00
0.0
522.0000
0.09
6.6921
188164.00
497.50
59038.00
497.50
6.0
0.020
0.0268
INPUT DATA FILE LN#AK.Y
6000013.00000000490.60000000000.1200000"10.8090000.20000000000.9000
535.50
35.29
16.50
14.15
0.000
0.0157
0.1667
0.0833
0.0350
9.300
708.6000'
0.1700
3315.0000
0000.0415
6. 45600E-08
53
INPUT DATA FILE Ul~lAK.Z
0000160. AT
24.0
0.0000
8.6
310.0
0000004.00000000M.12476000535.0000
6.00
325.0
INPUT DATA FILE STEAMOP.
6000000.0000.00400. 000000e..6000091175.000
1400.000
50.0
80.00
26.00
INPUT DATA FILE HEAD.DAT
THIS IS THE INPUT DATA FOR THE EXECUTION
OF THE CODE LITFIRE
THESE ARE THE OUTPUT VALUES CORRESPONDING
TO THE PRIMARY CELL ENVIROMENT
TSPF
TSFPF
TGPF
PAP
TLIF
TCZF
DELT
TIME
THESE ARE THE OUTPUT VALUES CORRESPONDING
TO THE SECONDARY CELL ENVIRONMENT
W4 IS
TIME
TGSF
TFSF
PAS
XMDOT
MOXS
MCO2S
THESE ARE THE OUTPUT VALUES CORRESPONDING
TO THE PAN OUTPUT OPTION
TINSIF
TPANF
TIME
TLIF
TINS2F
PAP
THESE ARE ADDITIONAL OUTPUT VALUES CORRESPONDING
TO THE PRIMARY CELL ENVIRONMJENT
TIME
MNIP
MOXP
MCO2P
RN2
R02
LISP
THESE ARE THE OUTPUT VALUES CORRESONDING
TO THE LITHIUM/LEAD DIFFUSION OPTION
TIME
THPB
XLIDOT
TLEAOF
MLEAD
ZLI
56
Appendix E
Sample Output Data Files
OUTPUT DATA FILE OUT2.DAT
THESE ARE THE OUTPUT VALUES CORRESPONDING
TO THE PRIMARY CELL ENVIRONMENT
TIME
0.0
100.2
200.1
300.9
400.6
500.6
600.6
700.6
00 .6
900.6
DELT
0.01
TCZF
504.78
0.40
503.49
0.8
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1.00
1 .00
495.00
486.31
481.56
478.73
478.00
479.39
482.96
1.00
488.20
TLIF
TGPF
500.33
600.33
563.45
494.93
486.23
477.68
469.90
463.54
458.70
455.44
453.78
276.60
295.82
299.34
300.03
302.73
306.52
311.25
316.09
321.07
PAP
0.00
7.12
14.75
22.39
29.87
37.30
44.81
52.48
59.98
67.21
TSPF
600.33
493.67
425.79
377.43
344.27
326.15
312.44
302.09
294.50
289.28
TSFPF
600.33
486.51
477.89
469.98
462.18
454.83
448.72
443.96
440.64
438.60
OUTPUT DATA FILE OUT3.DAT
flow between primary and secondary has become sonic
THESE ARE THE OUTPUT VALUES CORRESPONDING
TO THE SECONDARY CELL ENVIROMENT
TGSF
TFSF
25.89
25.89
30.99
31.96
37.64
35.43
41.91
39.51
400.6
43.22
46.48
500.6
46.71
50.83
600.6
50.61
54.96
700.6
53.13
58.93
flow between primary and
56.11
62.77
800.6
900.6
58.95
66.50
TIME
0.0
100.2
200.1
300.9
PAS
101.38
102.99
164.38
105.63
XMDOT
MOXS
MNdIS
0. 3349E+01 0.1509E+06 0.4994E+06
0.3374E+01 0. 1507E+06 0.4989E+06
0.3394E+01 0. 1505E+06 6.4983E+06
0.3413E+01 0. 1504E+06 0. 4977E+06
106.76 0.3429E+01 0.1502E+06 0.4971E+06
167.82 0.3444E+01 0.1500E+06 *.4966E+e6
108.80 0.3457E+91 0.1498E+06 6.4960E+06
109.72 0.3470E+01 0. 1497E+06 6.4954E+06
MCO2S
.8000E+0
8.0800E+09
6.0000 E+00
S. 9000E+0
0. 600E+06
S.080E+00
6. 0089E+"0
6.0009E+0
secondary has returned to subsonic
110.59 6.3435E+01 0.1495E+06 8.4948E+06 6.009E+00
111.42 0.3299E+01 0.1493E+66 8.4942E+06 8.8e08E+00
57
OUTPUT DATA FILE OUT5.DAT
THESE ARE ADDITIONAL OUTPUT VALUES CORRESPONDING
TO THE PRIMARY CELL ENVIRONMENT
MN4IP
TIME
0.0 0. 1584E-I01
100.2
0.2588E+03
200. 1 0.5184E+03
300.9 0.7818E+03
400.6 0. 1043E+04
4W. 6 0. 1300E+04
500.6
0. 1556E+04
600.6 0. 1$10E+04
0.2062E+04
900 .6 0 . 2299E+04
MOXP
RN2
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
MCO2P
0 . 4775E-02
0. 7819E+02
0. 1566E+63
o.2362E+03
0.3137E+03
0.3855E+03
0 . 0000E+00
S. OOOOE+00
0.4547E+03
0.23480
0.5848E+03
0.OOONE+00
0. 0000E+00
0.00OE+00
0 .6400E+03
0. OE+00
0.23994
0.0000E+0
*.
0000E+00
S. OOE+00 0.23165
0.00OE+00 0.23322
0.5210E+83
0.23642
0.23811
R02
LIBP
0 .97117
0.OOOE+00
0.97126 0.0000E+00
0.97120 0.0000E+00
0.97120 0.0000E+00
0.97115
0.97092
0.97070
0.97047
0.97023
0.96998
0.3210E+01
0. 1973E+02
0.4254E+02
0.7237E+02
0.1099E+03
0 .1559E+03
OUTPUT DATA FILE OUT9.DAT
These outputs are the weights of reaction products in LB
Time
0.0
100.2
200.1
300.9
400.6
500.6
600.6
780.6
Lilox
0.OOOE+00
O.806E+00
0.584E+01
0.179E+02
0.388E+02
0.782E+02
0.1 13E+03
0.168E+03
800.6 0.237E+03
900.6 0.320E+03
Lilni
Lilco
Lilc2
Lilcar
Milop
Mic3p
.OE+00 0.O0OE+00 0 000E+00 0.OOOE+00
0.006 E+00 0. OOOE+00 0.
0.842E+0" 0. 000E+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+00 0.424E-01 0.OOE+00
0.616E+01 0. 00 E+00 0.NOE+00 0.000E+00 0.307 E+00 0.OOE+00
0.187E+02 0. OOOE+00 0. OE+00 0.000E+00 0.942E+00 0.000E+0
0.406E+02 0. ONE+00 0.000E+00 0.000E+08 0.204E+01 0.OOE+00
000E+00
0.739E+02 0. 000E+00 0.OOOE+00 0.000E+00 0.369E+01
0.120E+03 0.000 E+00 0.000 E+00 0.800E+" 0.595E+01 0.NOE+00
0.182E+03 0.OE+00 0.0OE+06 0.96OE+00 0.885E+01 0.OOE+00
OOE+00 0. 125E+02 0.OE+00
0.260E+03 0.000 E+00 0.000 E+00 0.
0.356E+03 0.OE+00 0.OE+00 0.OOOE+00 0.168E+02 0. OE+00
S.
OUTPUT DATA FILE OUT1O.DAT
These outputs are the reaction rates in gram Li/min-cm2
Time
0.0
100.2
200.1
300.9
400.6
500.6
600.6
700.6
800.6
900.6
Cmbrhh
0.NOOE+00
0 .oooE+0o
0. 0000E+00
0 . 0000E+00
0.1815E-02
0.2609E-02
Cmbrnh
0.8092E-15
0.0000 E+00
0.0008E+00
0.6441E-03
0.1041 E-02
0. 1510E-02
0.3498E-02 0.2043E-02
0.4482E-02 0.2642E-02
0.5565E-02 0.3312E-02
0.6701E-02 0.4028E-02
Cmbroh
Cmbrwh
Cmrcoh
Cmrc2h
0.6031E-15 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.008E+00
0. OOOE+00 0. NNE+00 8.00 8E+00 0.080 E+00
0. NNOE+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0888E+00
0. 481 6E-03 0. NNE+00 0. 000E+00 0.0000E+00
0.7742E-03 0.NNE+00 0.0000E+0N 0. 0OE+00
0 . 1099E-02 0.NNOE+00 0.9000E+00 0.0NOE+00
0. 1455E-02 0.OOOOE+00 0.OOOE+00 0.OOOOE+00
0. 1840E-02 0.0000E+00 0.8800E+00 0.009E+00.
0.2253E-02 0. NNE+00 0.0000 E+00 0.0000E+00
0.2672E-02 0. NNOE+00 0.NNOE+00 0.0000E+00
.58
Appendix F
Listing of the LITFIRE code
59
C
0
0
0
E15
-0
*
50
-0'
-
-
0_
0 -
.5
4
*-
'
E
0'
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--
E
0
00, . ;0-0
55
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5-
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a--
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C
(3~P
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a.
x
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V.-* -~
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------am
000-
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a'--o--a--
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34 -
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03
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e4.
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QX
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f
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0 0.
5
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06'.E
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c
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cc
c
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60
N-=-0N
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c
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044
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References
1.
D.A. Dube and M.S. Kazimi, "Analysis of Design Strategies for Mitigating
the Consequences of Lithium Fire Within Containment of Controlled
Thermonuclear Reactors". M ITNE-219, July, 1978.
2.
M.S. Tillack and M.S. Kazimi. "Development and Verification of the LITFIRE
code for Predicting the Effects of Lithium Spills in Fusion Reactor
Containments", MIT PFC/RR-80-11, July 1980.
3.
V. Gilberti and M.S. Kazimi, "Lithium Fire Modeling in Multi-Compartment
Systems", MIT PFC/RR-83-08, January 1983.
4.
D.S. Barnett and M.S. Kazimi, "Chemical Kinetics of the Reactions of Lithium
with Steam-Air Mixtures", in progress.
5.
T.K. Gil and M.S. Kazimi, "The Kinetics of Liquid Lithium Reaction with
Oxygen-Nitrogen Mixtures", PFC/RR-86-1, Plasma Fusion Center, MIT,
January, 1986
133