The University of Georgia
Center for Agribusiness and Economic Development
College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences
Calculating Georgia’s Economic Vitality Index
Prepared by:
Sue Boatright, Sharon P. Kane and John McKissick
Center Report: CR-09-02
January 2009
Table of Contents
Table of Contents ..................................................................................................................................i
Brief Data Description .........................................................................................................................1
Data Calculations Overview.................................................................................................................1
Grading Scale/Benchmark....................................................................................................................2
Data/Methodology Limitations ............................................................................................................2
Interpreting the Index ...........................................................................................................................3
Results ..................................................................................................................................................3
Southeast Comparison Maps ............................................................................................................4
United States Comparison Maps ......................................................................................................6
Appendix I: Data Tables ......................................................................................................................8
1980 SE Comparison........................................................................................................................8
2006 SE Comparison......................................................................................................................10
1980 US Comparison .....................................................................................................................12
2006 US Comparison .....................................................................................................................14
1980 Variables by Georgia County, Southeast & US ....................................................................16
2006 Variables by Georgia County, Southeast & US ....................................................................18
List of Tables and Figures
Table 1. Grading Classification Scale ..................................................................................................2
Table 2. 1980 Grading Scale in Comparison to the Southeast.............................................................2
Table 3. 1980 Grading Scale in Comparison to the United States .......................................................2
Table 4. Summary of Economic Vitality “Grades”, 1980 and 2006....................................................3
Figure 1. SE Benchmark 1980 Map .....................................................................................................4
Figure 2. SE Benchmark 2006 Map .....................................................................................................5
Figure 3. US Benchmark 1980 Map.....................................................................................................6
Figure 4. US Comparison 2006 Map ...................................................................................................7
i
Calculating Georgia’s Economic Vitality Index
The Economic Vitality Index was developed by the Rural Development Council in order to
evaluate the overall county economic conditions using a number of different indicators and to be
able to measure progress over time. In addition, the index was to be an aid in:
•
•
•
•
Prioritization and allocation of resources
Evaluation of relative economic progress
Evaluation of policy success
Evaluation of policy options
In order to rank the index relative to a meaningful benchmark, the data calculations are
performed in relation to how Georgia counties compare to the average of the Southeastern States
(Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee) and to the
overall average in the United States for an initial year (1980) and then compared to that year in
order to view progression over time. Further, this task required the use of consistent data that is
readily available for calculations, collected on a regular basis, and the same across all of the
counties and states to be analyzed.
Brief Data Description
The calculations for the Economic Vitality Index as recommended by the Governor’s Rural
Development council are based on the following variables.
•
•
•
•
•
•
Employment – 3 year moving average of growth rate (employment figures are by place of
work). Data source: Bureau of Economic Analysis
Population – 3 year moving average of growth rate. Data source: U.S. Census Bureau
Poverty Rate – last Census figure as applicable, model-based estimate for yearly following
Census. Data source: U.S. Census Bureau
Wages – 3 year moving average of growth rate in average weekly wage (average wage and
salary disbursements/number of wage and salary jobs). Data source: Bureau of Economic
Analysis
Unemployment Rate – 3 year moving average of unemployment rate. Data source: U.S.
Bureau of Labor Statistics, historical Georgia data from Georgia Department of Labor.
Per Capita Income – 3 year moving average of per capital income. Data source: Bureau of
Economic Analysis.
Data Calculations Overview
To form the basis for the initial “grade”, the variables described above are calculated for each
Georgia County and for the Southeast (SE) and U.S. (US) for 1980. Then, each Georgia county
figure is compared to the figure for SE and US in the form of a ratio and ranked from “good” to
“bad” in order to make the initial grade assignment per variable. Note that for some variables,
“good” would be a high number (i.e. per capita income) and for others “good” would be a low
number (i.e. unemployment rate). Then the ratio is assigned an initial grade based on separation by
quintiles, resulting in a classification ranging from 0 to 4 for each individual variable. For each
Calculating Georgia’s Economic Vitality Index
1
county, the average of all six quintile classifications is determined and assigned a grade based on
this average. Future year’s analysis will be assigned grades based on the individual variable ratio
quintile cut points of the 1980 data in order to show progression over time.
Table 1. Grading Classification Scale
Average Range Grade Classification
0 to .49
F
.50 to 1.49
D
1.50 to 2.49
C
2.50 to 3.49
B
3.50 to 4.00
A
Grading Scale/Benchmark
Table 2. 1980 Grading Scale in Comparison to the Southeast (Percent of SE Average for
Grade Point)
Employment
Population
Avg. Weekly
Wage
% of
% of
Grade
SE
Grade
SE Avg
Avg
4
154.04
4
172.14
4
3
92.64
3
96.50
3
2
57.31
2
56.38
2
1
3.24
1
11.73
1
0
< 3.24
0
<11.73
0
1980 Overall average of counties – 2.00
Grade
Per Capita
Income
Poverty
Unemployment
% of
SE Avg
Grade
% of
SE Avg
Grade
% of SE
Avg
Grade
% of SE
Avg
114.49
104.10
94.38
86.29
<86.29
4
3
2
1
0
92.62
86.37
79.67
73.07
<73.07
4
3
2
1
0
85.76
106.62
126.32
158.77
>158.77
4
3
2
1
0
84.67
95.45
105.70
119.72
>119.72
Table 3. 1980 Grading Scale in Comparison to the United States (Percent of US Average for
Grade Point)
Employment
Population
Avg. Weekly
Wage
% of
% of
Grade
Grade
SE
SE Avg
Avg
4
152.63
4
255.42
4
3
91.79
3
143.19
3
2
56.78
2
83.65
2
1
3.21
1
17.41
1
0
< 3.21
0
<17.41
0
1980 Overall average of counties – 2.00
Grade
Per Capita
Income
Poverty
Unemployment
% of
SE Avg
Grade
% of
SE Avg
Grade
% of SE
Avg
Grade
% of SE
Avg
121.75
110.71
100.36
91.77
<91.77
4
3
2
1
0
75.18
70.11
64.67
59.31
<59.31
4
3
2
1
0
120.16
148.39
175.81
220.97
>220.97
4
3
2
1
0
82.63
93.16
103.16
116.84
>116.84
Data/Methodology Limitations
The method of calculating a ratio of Georgia County figures in comparison to a SE or US
figures, though valuable in pursuit of stated goals, has some limitations including the following.
First, many of the variables compare percentage changes, which can result in apparently inflated
numbers depending on the starting point. For example, if looking at the percentage change in
employment in a county that went from 50 to 100 employees over a time period would be a 100%
Calculating Georgia’s Economic Vitality Index
2
change, which might be a great deal larger than the percentage change in the SE or US. Therefore,
individual variables with very high scores might require further analysis at times. Further, in
comparing the county figures with the SE or US figures, an average across the states in the
Southeast (or US), not the average of the calculation for the counties in each of these states is used.
Another methodology issue would be present if both the county figure and the SE or US average
figure were negative in the case of change variables. If this were the case, then the resulting ratio
would be positive and would fall into the same grade range as it would if both were positive. In this
rare case, these issues can be addressed individually by converting this figure back to a negative, so
that it would not rank higher than counties with positive change in that time frame.
The data itself might have some limitations, though an in-depth analysis of each of these
variables and how and when they are collected are beyond the scope of this research. However, it is
important to keep in mind that there are imperfections in any type of data collection process. For
example, the poverty figures used in calculating the index utilize a decennial census data point for
the 1980, 1990, and 2000 calculations. Since there is no census estimate available for the 2006
analysis, we use the model-based estimates that are available because they represent the most
current and valid figure. Further, because the index needs to be calculated on a regular basis and
consistent across all geographic regions considered, researchers must use the best available
information in the construction of the figures.
Interpreting the Index
It is critical to remember when viewing the Economic Vitality Indices over time that the figures
are relative not only to the base year of 1980, but are also relative to the comparative region of
either the SE or the US. For example, if a county receives an “F” ranking in 1980, this means that
the county’s average of all six variables in comparison to the SE or US resulted in a figure below
.49. If that county then moves up to another rating, it means that the combination of the variables
compared to 1980 (and the SE/US) improved over the time period.
Table 4. Summary of Economic Vitality “Grades”, 1980 and 2006
1980 Grade
(Benchmark)*
A
B
C
D
F
Freq.
Percent
10
35
76
34
4
6.29
22.01
47.80
21.38
2.52
2006
SE Grade
A
B
C
D
F
Freq.
Percent
9
40
53
45
12
5.66
25.16
33.33
28.30
7.55
2006
US Grade
A
B
C
D
F
Freq.
Percent
7
45
52
46
9
4.40
28.30
32.70
28.93
5.66
Total
159
100.00 Total
159
100.00 Total
159
100.00
2006 Overall average of counties compared to SE – 1.86, 2006 Overall average of counties compared to US – 1.92
*Based on the methodology, the initial benchmark is the same for both the SE and US comparisons.
Results
The following maps present a visual representation of the results for the benchmark year and the
most recent year of available data for analysis (2006). The darker blue colors represent the lowest
overall grade up to the darkest red color for the highest.
Calculating Georgia’s Economic Vitality Index
3
Southeast Comparison Maps
Figure 1. SE Benchmark 1980 Map
Scores: A = 10, B = 35, C = 76, D = 34, F = 4
Overall Average = 2.00
Calculating Georgia’s Economic Vitality Index
4
Figure 2. SE Benchmark 2006 Map
Scores: A = 9, B = 40, C = 53, D = 45, F = 12
Overall Average = 1.85
Calculating Georgia’s Economic Vitality Index
5
United States Comparison Maps
Figure 3. US Benchmark 1980 Map
Scores: A = 10, B = 35, C = 76, D = 34, F = 4
Overall Average = 2.00
Calculating Georgia’s Economic Vitality Index
6
Figure 4. US Benchmark 2006 Map
Scores: A = 7, B = 45, C = 52, D = 46, F = 9
Overall Average = 1.92
Calculating Georgia’s Economic Vitality Index
7
Appendix I: Data Tables
1980 Southeast Comparison
County
Appling County
Atkinson County
Bacon County
Baker County
Baldwin County
Banks County
Barrow County
Bartow County
Ben Hill County
Berrien County
Bibb County
Bleckley County
Brantley County
Brooks County
Bryan County
Bulloch County
Burke County
Butts County
Calhoun County
Camden County
Candler County
Carroll County
Catoosa County
Charlton County
Chatham County
Chattahoochee County
Chattooga County
Cherokee County
Clarke County
Clay County
Clayton County
Clinch County
Cobb County
Coffee County
Colquitt County
Columbia County
Cook County
Coweta County
Crawford County
Crisp County
Dade County
Dawson County
Decatur County
DeKalb County
Dodge County
Dooly County
Dougherty County
Douglas County
Early County
Echols County
Effingham County
Elbert County
Emanuel County
Evans County
Fannin County
Fayette County
Floyd County
Forsyth County
Franklin County
Fulton County
Gilmer County
Glascock County
Glynn County
Gordon County
Grady County
Greene County
Gwinnett County
Habersham County
Hall County
Hancock County
Haralson County
Harris County
Hart County
Heard County
Henry County
Houston County
Irwin County
Employment
1980
Population
1980
Poverty 1979
Avg. Wkly.
Wage 1980
Unemployment
1980
Per Capita
Income 1980
0
3
1
2
3
1
3
2
3
3
1
1
4
2
4
4
4
2
0
4
0
2
4
0
1
1
1
4
2
0
4
3
4
3
2
4
0
2
2
0
2
4
0
4
2
0
3
4
2
4
0
2
1
0
0
4
1
4
1
3
3
1
3
3
3
3
4
3
4
0
2
0
0
0
4
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
3
3
2
3
1
0
1
4
3
4
3
0
2
0
4
3
1
4
1
1
4
0
4
3
0
3
1
4
2
2
4
2
3
4
0
2
4
2
0
0
0
2
4
1
3
4
1
1
1
1
4
0
4
1
2
0
4
3
3
1
1
4
1
3
0
2
3
2
3
4
3
2
0
0
1
1
3
4
3
4
1
2
2
3
2
0
2
2
0
3
0
1
0
3
4
2
3
4
3
4
2
0
4
1
4
1
2
4
2
3
2
0
3
2
1
4
1
0
2
4
0
1
3
2
1
1
1
4
4
4
2
2
2
2
3
4
1
1
4
4
4
0
3
3
3
3
4
4
1
0
1
0
0
2
1
2
0
4
4
3
3
0
1
4
2
4
1
0
1
0
1
0
2
2
0
0
2
2
4
3
2
3
1
2
4
1
2
2
3
3
1
3
1
3
3
4
2
4
3
0
3
3
0
2
1
1
2
2
1
0
0
1
2
3
3
3
0
2
4
1
0
2
0
2
0
0
0
0
2
3
4
3
1
1
2
3
2
4
0
4
1
4
0
0
1
3
4
1
4
2
2
0
0
4
4
2
3
3
4
0
2
4
2
3
1
1
3
1
3
4
2
1
0
4
3
3
4
0
0
4
0
4
1
4
1
2
0
0
4
0
4
3
4
2
2
1
1
4
1
2
4
4
3
1
0
1
1
3
1
3
3
2
1
4
2
1
0
2
1
2
2
0
4
0
3
3
2
4
0
2
4
4
0
4
0
4
1
2
4
1
4
3
1
2
3
1
4
1
0
4
4
0
0
3
3
0
2
1
4
4
4
2
4
2
4
4
2
1
0
4
2
4
0
4
4
2
2
4
4
0
SE Avg. 1980 SE Grade 1980
0.167
0.833
0.833
1.167
2.5
2.167
2.5
2
2.5
2.333
2
2.333
1.833
1.667
2.833
2.667
1.667
1.667
0.167
2.833
1.167
1.833
3.167
1.5
2.167
1.5
1
3.667
2.833
1
3.5
1.667
3.833
1.333
2
4
1.333
2.833
2.333
0.833
2.5
2.5
1.667
2.833
1.5
0.667
2.5
3.667
1.667
2.333
2.333
1.833
1
1.333
0.833
3.5
1.833
3.667
1.5
2.333
1.167
1.833
3
2.333
2.167
1.833
3.833
2
3.167
0.833
2.167
2.333
1.667
1.667
3.667
2.667
1
F
D
D
D
B
C
B
C
B
C
C
C
C
C
B
B
C
C
F
B
D
C
B
C
C
C
D
A
B
D
A
C
A
D
C
A
D
B
C
D
B
B
C
B
C
D
B
A
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
A
C
A
C
C
D
C
B
C
C
C
A
C
B
D
C
C
C
C
A
B
D
8
Appendix I: Data Tables
1980 Southeast Comparison
County
Jackson County
Jasper County
Jeff Davis County
Jefferson County
Jenkins County
Johnson County
Jones County
Lamar County
Lanier County
Laurens County
Lee County
Liberty County
Lincoln County
Long County
Lowndes County
Lumpkin County
McDuffie County
McIntosh County
Macon County
Madison County
Marion County
Meriwether County
Miller County
Mitchell County
Monroe County
Montgomery County
Morgan County
Murray County
Muscogee County
Newton County
Oconee County
Oglethorpe County
Paulding County
Peach County
Pickens County
Pierce County
Pike County
Polk County
Pulaski County
Putnam County
Quitman County
Rabun County
Randolph County
Richmond County
Rockdale County
Schley County
Screven County
Seminole County
Spalding County
Stephens County
Stewart County
Sumter County
Talbot County
Taliaferro County
Tattnall County
Taylor County
Telfair County
Terrell County
Thomas County
Tift County
Toombs County
Towns County
Treutlen County
Troup County
Turner County
Twiggs County
Union County
Upson County
Walker County
Walton County
Ware County
Warren County
Washington County
Wayne County
Webster County
Wheeler County
White County
Whitfield County
Wilcox County
Wilkes County
Wilkinson County
Worth County
Employment
1980
Population
1980
Poverty 1979
Avg. Wkly.
Wage 1980
Unemployment
1980
Per Capita
Income 1980
3
1
2
2
0
0
0
2
1
3
4
4
2
2
1
3
1
4
4
1
0
0
1
2
4
2
3
4
1
4
3
1
4
1
2
1
3
1
0
4
0
2
1
2
4
3
3
1
2
1
0
4
0
2
1
0
3
0
2
2
1
3
2
1
3
0
4
2
0
3
1
0
3
3
1
0
2
2
1
3
3
3
2
0
0
2
3
1
3
2
3
2
4
4
0
4
1
3
3
0
4
4
0
1
3
3
4
0
3
4
1
2
4
2
4
3
2
1
3
0
2
4
2
4
1
3
4
3
2
2
2
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
4
0
3
2
3
4
2
1
1
0
3
1
2
1
2
3
2
1
2
2
1
4
2
3
0
0
1
4
3
0
2
3
2
3
1
2
3
2
0
0
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
4
3
4
4
2
4
1
3
1
4
3
1
2
0
3
0
3
4
1
0
1
3
4
0
1
2
0
0
0
1
0
2
1
1
1
0
3
0
2
1
4
4
3
2
0
1
2
0
0
3
4
0
2
3
1
2
1
4
3
4
4
4
0
1
4
0
0
3
3
3
1
3
1
4
4
1
4
1
1
4
1
4
1
1
2
1
2
2
4
1
1
0
2
3
4
3
4
0
0
4
1
3
3
1
0
3
4
4
0
2
4
4
0
2
3
1
2
2
2
4
3
0
0
2
2
3
0
3
4
4
3
1
0
2
3
4
3
3
3
2
0
1
3
4
2
4
1
3
1
1
2
3
3
0
1
0
3
1
1
4
0
2
3
1
1
2
2
4
3
3
2
0
1
2
0
3
3
0
2
2
2
4
0
2
4
3
0
0
1
3
0
4
0
0
0
3
2
2
4
1
2
0
1
3
3
0
2
1
0
2
1
1
3
2
2
1
3
4
1
2
3
3
1
0
1
3
3
1
3
3
1
1
0
3
2
3
0
0
2
0
1
1
1
3
1
3
2
4
3
4
1
3
4
3
1
3
3
2
3
0
1
0
4
4
2
1
1
4
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
0
3
2
2
0
0
3
0
0
0
3
3
3
2
1
3
2
1
1
2
4
0
2
3
1
SE Avg. 1980 SE Grade 1980
2.667
1.667
2.333
1.333
1.333
1.667
3
2
1.667
2.5
2.833
2
1.667
2
2.167
2.5
2
1
2
2.833
0.333
1.5
1.833
1.167
3.333
1.333
2.667
2.667
2
2.833
3.333
1.833
3.333
2.5
1.833
1
2.5
1.5
1.833
3.333
0.833
2.667
0.667
2.333
4
1.667
1.833
2
2.5
1.167
0.5
2.333
1.5
0.667
1.167
1
1.5
0
2.167
1.833
1.333
2.333
0.833
2.333
1.5
1.5
2
2.333
1.667
2.333
1.5
0.667
2.167
2.333
1.333
1.5
2.167
2.333
0.833
2.5
3.167
1.667
B
C
C
D
D
C
B
C
C
B
B
C
C
C
C
B
C
D
C
B
F
C
C
D
B
D
B
B
C
B
B
C
B
B
C
D
B
C
C
B
D
B
D
C
A
C
C
C
B
D
D
C
C
D
D
D
C
F
C
C
D
C
D
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
C
C
D
C
C
C
D
B
B
C
9
Appendix I: Data Tables
2006 Southeast Comparison
County
Appling County
Atkinson County
Bacon County
Baker County
Baldwin County
Banks County
Barrow County
Bartow County
Ben Hill County
Berrien County
Bibb County
Bleckley County
Brantley County
Brooks County
Bryan County
Bulloch County
Burke County
Butts County
Calhoun County
Camden County
Candler County
Carroll County
Catoosa County
Charlton County
Chatham County
Chattahoochee County
Chattooga County
Cherokee County
Clarke County
Clay County
Clayton County
Clinch County
Cobb County
Coffee County
Colquitt County
Columbia County
Cook County
Coweta County
Crawford County
Crisp County
Dade County
Dawson County
Decatur County
DeKalb County
Dodge County
Dooly County
Dougherty County
Douglas County
Early County
Echols County
Effingham County
Elbert County
Emanuel County
Evans County
Fannin County
Fayette County
Floyd County
Forsyth County
Franklin County
Fulton County
Gilmer County
Glascock County
Glynn County
Gordon County
Grady County
Greene County
Gwinnett County
Habersham County
Hall County
Hancock County
Haralson County
Harris County
Hart County
Heard County
Henry County
Houston County
Irwin County
Employment
2006
Population
2006
Poverty 2005
Avg. Wkly.
Wage 2006
Unemployment
2006
Per Capita
Income 2006
1
0
4
0
2
4
4
4
3
2
0
0
2
2
4
2
0
4
2
3
3
4
3
0
3
3
0
4
3
0
1
2
2
0
4
4
0
4
0
2
2
4
0
0
3
0
0
4
0
0
4
0
2
0
4
4
3
4
2
3
4
0
3
4
3
2
4
1
3
0
4
0
0
4
4
4
1
0
1
1
0
1
3
4
3
2
1
1
3
1
1
4
4
0
3
0
3
2
4
3
1
2
2
0
4
3
0
3
0
3
2
2
4
1
4
1
1
1
4
1
3
1
1
0
4
0
2
4
0
2
1
3
3
1
4
2
4
4
3
3
3
2
1
4
3
4
0
2
4
3
1
4
3
1
1
0
1
0
2
4
4
4
1
2
1
3
3
1
4
1
0
4
0
4
1
3
4
1
3
2
2
4
0
0
3
0
4
1
1
4
1
4
3
0
4
4
1
3
1
1
1
4
0
0
4
2
0
1
3
4
2
4
3
3
3
3
3
4
1
1
4
4
4
0
3
4
3
3
4
4
1
0
4
0
0
0
4
1
0
0
0
0
4
0
1
2
0
2
0
0
1
0
1
0
3
4
4
0
1
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
4
0
1
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
4
4
2
3
3
3
3
0
1
2
1
2
3
4
3
0
2
4
0
0
1
4
3
4
0
0
0
2
2
1
1
3
3
2
4
4
2
2
4
2
0
3
4
4
4
0
2
1
4
4
3
4
3
4
0
2
4
4
3
1
2
4
1
3
4
2
4
2
1
4
4
1
2
2
1
1
3
2
4
4
1
2
4
3
4
3
4
2
2
4
2
4
3
4
1
4
4
4
0
3
4
1
2
3
4
2
0
0
0
0
2
3
2
3
2
2
4
2
0
1
4
0
0
1
0
2
0
2
2
0
4
2
0
4
1
2
1
0
4
1
0
4
0
4
2
1
1
4
1
4
0
0
2
3
2
0
3
1
0
0
1
4
4
4
2
4
1
0
4
2
0
4
4
2
3
0
2
4
1
0
3
4
0
SE Avg. 2006 SE Grade 2006
0.5
1
1.5
0.5
1.5
3.667
3.167
2.667
1.667
1.833
1.333
2
1.5
1.667
3.667
1.833
0.333
2.333
0.5
2.833
1.667
2.833
2.667
1.333
3.333
2.167
0.667
3.5
1.833
1.5
1.5
0.667
2.833
0.833
1.667
3.333
1.167
3.333
2
0.833
2.167
3.333
0.667
2
1.167
1.167
0.667
3
1.333
1.667
3.5
1.167
1.5
1.5
2.833
3.167
2.333
3.667
2
3
3.167
2
3.333
2.667
2
2.167
3.333
2.333
3.167
0.667
2.833
3.333
1.333
1.667
3
3.5
1.167
D
D
C
D
C
A
B
B
C
C
D
C
C
C
A
C
F
C
D
B
C
B
B
D
B
C
D
A
C
C
C
D
B
D
C
B
D
B
C
D
C
B
D
C
D
D
D
B
D
C
A
D
C
C
B
B
C
A
C
B
B
C
B
B
C
C
B
C
B
D
B
B
D
C
B
A
D
10
Appendix I: Data Tables
2006 Southeast Comparison
County
Jackson County
Jasper County
Jeff Davis County
Jefferson County
Jenkins County
Johnson County
Jones County
Lamar County
Lanier County
Laurens County
Lee County
Liberty County
Lincoln County
Long County
Lowndes County
Lumpkin County
McDuffie County
McIntosh County
Macon County
Madison County
Marion County
Meriwether County
Miller County
Mitchell County
Monroe County
Montgomery County
Morgan County
Murray County
Muscogee County
Newton County
Oconee County
Oglethorpe County
Paulding County
Peach County
Pickens County
Pierce County
Pike County
Polk County
Pulaski County
Putnam County
Quitman County
Rabun County
Randolph County
Richmond County
Rockdale County
Schley County
Screven County
Seminole County
Spalding County
Stephens County
Stewart County
Sumter County
Talbot County
Taliaferro County
Tattnall County
Taylor County
Telfair County
Terrell County
Thomas County
Tift County
Toombs County
Towns County
Treutlen County
Troup County
Turner County
Twiggs County
Union County
Upson County
Walker County
Walton County
Ware County
Warren County
Washington County
Wayne County
Webster County
Wheeler County
White County
Whitfield County
Wilcox County
Wilkes County
Wilkinson County
Worth County
Employment
2006
Population
2006
Poverty 2005
Avg. Wkly.
Wage 2006
Unemployment
2006
Per Capita
Income 2006
4
0
0
1
3
2
2
3
4
3
3
3
2
4
3
4
2
1
0
1
0
0
4
3
2
4
4
2
1
4
4
2
4
0
4
1
3
3
3
4
0
0
0
0
1
4
1
1
2
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
4
0
4
2
4
4
0
0
2
0
4
0
0
4
1
0
0
1
4
4
4
2
0
0
0
1
4
4
2
0
1
1
3
1
2
1
4
0
0
3
3
4
1
1
0
2
0
1
0
0
3
2
3
2
3
4
4
2
4
2
4
3
4
2
1
2
3
2
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
2
0
2
3
3
3
0
3
0
0
3
0
2
4
1
0
0
2
0
3
4
3
0
0
0
0
4
3
2
0
0
0
4
3
2
2
4
2
2
1
2
3
1
1
0
3
1
1
1
0
4
1
4
3
2
4
4
3
4
1
4
1
4
3
2
3
1
4
0
1
4
2
1
1
2
3
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
4
0
3
0
1
3
2
3
4
1
1
1
2
1
0
4
4
0
2
1
2
3
0
1
3
1
4
0
1
0
0
3
4
4
4
0
0
0
4
0
4
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
2
4
0
0
0
0
4
2
0
0
2
0
2
0
3
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
0
0
2
0
0
3
3
0
0
1
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
4
0
0
0
0
1
0
3
4
3
0
0
1
2
3
1
4
2
4
2
0
4
4
4
1
3
0
4
3
0
4
2
4
2
4
4
1
2
4
4
4
1
4
4
3
3
3
3
1
3
0
1
2
1
2
2
0
2
0
1
0
0
2
0
0
1
4
3
1
4
0
1
1
1
4
1
4
3
2
0
1
1
1
1
4
4
1
0
2
2
3
1
0
0
0
0
3
2
1
2
1
1
1
0
2
2
3
1
0
2
2
0
2
0
4
0
4
1
4
1
4
2
2
2
4
1
2
0
3
4
0
3
0
3
4
1
0
1
2
2
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
2
1
3
0
3
0
0
2
0
1
3
1
0
2
1
2
0
1
4
0
1
0
2
SE Avg. 2006 SE Grade 2006
3.667
1.833
0.833
0.667
1
1.5
2.5
1.833
2.167
1.667
3.167
2
1.5
2.667
2.333
2.833
1.333
1.833
0
2.667
1.167
0.333
1.833
0.833
2.833
1.5
3.167
2.167
2
2.833
4
2.167
3
1
3.333
2.333
3
1.833
2
3
0.833
2.333
0
1.333
2.333
2.5
0.667
0.833
1.333
1.333
0.333
0.5
0.333
0.333
1
0
1
0.5
2.667
1.833
2
3.5
0
1.667
0.667
0.333
3.333
0.5
1.667
3
1
0.167
0.667
1.333
2
1.333
2.833
2.833
0.167
0.667
0.5
1.667
A
C
D
D
D
C
B
C
C
C
B
C
C
B
C
B
D
C
F
B
D
F
C
D
B
C
B
C
C
B
A
C
B
D
B
C
B
C
C
B
D
C
F
D
C
B
D
D
D
D
F
D
F
F
D
F
D
D
B
C
C
A
F
C
D
F
B
D
C
B
D
F
D
D
C
D
B
B
F
D
D
C
11
Appendix I: Data Tables
1980 United States Comparison
County
Appling County
Atkinson County
Bacon County
Baker County
Baldwin County
Banks County
Barrow County
Bartow County
Ben Hill County
Berrien County
Bibb County
Bleckley County
Brantley County
Brooks County
Bryan County
Bulloch County
Burke County
Butts County
Calhoun County
Camden County
Candler County
Carroll County
Catoosa County
Charlton County
Chatham County
Chattahoochee County
Chattooga County
Cherokee County
Clarke County
Clay County
Clayton County
Clinch County
Cobb County
Coffee County
Colquitt County
Columbia County
Cook County
Coweta County
Crawford County
Crisp County
Dade County
Dawson County
Decatur County
DeKalb County
Dodge County
Dooly County
Dougherty County
Douglas County
Early County
Echols County
Effingham County
Elbert County
Emanuel County
Evans County
Fannin County
Fayette County
Floyd County
Forsyth County
Franklin County
Fulton County
Gilmer County
Glascock County
Glynn County
Gordon County
Grady County
Greene County
Gwinnett County
Habersham County
Hall County
Hancock County
Haralson County
Harris County
Hart County
Heard County
Henry County
Houston County
Irwin County
Employment
1980
Population
1980
Poverty 1979
Avg. Wkly.
Wage 1980
Unemployment
1980
Per Capita
Income 1980
0
3
1
2
3
1
3
2
3
3
1
1
4
2
4
4
4
2
0
4
0
2
4
0
1
1
1
4
2
0
4
3
4
3
2
4
0
2
2
0
2
4
0
4
2
0
3
4
2
4
0
2
1
0
0
4
1
4
1
3
3
1
3
3
3
3
4
3
4
0
2
0
0
0
4
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
3
3
2
3
1
0
1
4
3
4
3
0
2
0
4
3
1
4
1
1
4
0
4
3
0
3
1
4
2
2
4
2
3
4
0
2
4
2
0
0
0
2
4
1
3
4
1
1
1
1
4
0
4
1
2
0
4
3
3
1
1
4
1
3
0
2
3
2
3
4
3
2
0
0
1
1
3
4
3
4
1
2
2
3
2
0
2
2
0
3
0
1
0
3
4
2
3
4
3
4
2
0
4
1
4
1
2
4
2
3
2
0
3
2
1
4
1
0
2
4
0
1
3
2
1
1
1
4
4
4
2
2
2
2
3
4
1
1
4
4
4
0
3
3
3
3
4
4
1
0
1
0
0
2
1
2
0
4
4
3
3
0
1
4
2
4
1
0
1
0
1
0
2
2
0
0
2
2
4
3
2
3
1
2
4
1
2
2
3
3
1
3
1
3
3
4
2
4
3
0
3
3
0
2
1
1
2
2
1
0
0
1
2
3
3
3
0
2
4
1
0
2
0
2
0
0
0
0
2
3
4
3
1
1
2
3
2
4
0
4
1
4
0
0
1
3
4
1
4
2
2
0
0
4
4
2
3
3
4
0
2
4
2
3
1
1
3
1
3
4
2
1
0
4
3
3
4
0
0
4
0
4
1
4
1
2
0
0
4
0
4
3
4
2
2
1
1
4
1
2
4
4
3
1
0
1
1
3
1
3
3
2
1
4
2
1
0
2
1
2
2
0
4
0
3
3
2
4
0
2
4
4
0
4
0
4
1
2
4
1
4
3
1
2
3
1
4
1
0
4
4
0
0
3
3
0
2
1
4
4
4
2
4
2
4
4
2
1
0
4
2
4
0
4
4
2
2
4
4
0
US Avg. 1980 US Grade 1980
0.167
0.833
0.833
1.167
2.5
2.167
2.5
2
2.5
2.333
2
2.333
1.833
1.667
2.833
2.667
1.667
1.667
0.167
2.833
1.167
1.833
3.167
1.5
2.167
1.5
1
3.667
2.833
1
3.5
1.667
3.833
1.333
2
4
1.333
2.833
2.333
0.833
2.5
2.5
1.667
2.833
1.5
0.667
2.5
3.667
1.667
2.333
2.333
1.833
1
1.333
0.833
3.5
1.833
3.667
1.5
2.333
1.167
1.833
3
2.333
2.167
1.833
3.833
2
3.167
0.833
2.167
2.333
1.667
1.667
3.667
2.667
1
F
D
D
D
B
C
B
C
B
C
C
C
C
C
B
B
C
C
F
B
D
C
B
C
C
C
D
A
B
D
A
C
A
D
C
A
D
B
C
D
B
B
C
B
C
D
B
A
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
A
C
A
C
C
D
C
B
C
C
C
A
C
B
D
C
C
C
C
A
B
D
12
Appendix I: Data Tables
1980 United States Comparison
County
Jackson County
Jasper County
Jeff Davis County
Jefferson County
Jenkins County
Johnson County
Jones County
Lamar County
Lanier County
Laurens County
Lee County
Liberty County
Lincoln County
Long County
Lowndes County
Lumpkin County
McDuffie County
McIntosh County
Macon County
Madison County
Marion County
Meriwether County
Miller County
Mitchell County
Monroe County
Montgomery County
Morgan County
Murray County
Muscogee County
Newton County
Oconee County
Oglethorpe County
Paulding County
Peach County
Pickens County
Pierce County
Pike County
Polk County
Pulaski County
Putnam County
Quitman County
Rabun County
Randolph County
Richmond County
Rockdale County
Schley County
Screven County
Seminole County
Spalding County
Stephens County
Stewart County
Sumter County
Talbot County
Taliaferro County
Tattnall County
Taylor County
Telfair County
Terrell County
Thomas County
Tift County
Toombs County
Towns County
Treutlen County
Troup County
Turner County
Twiggs County
Union County
Upson County
Walker County
Walton County
Ware County
Warren County
Washington County
Wayne County
Webster County
Wheeler County
White County
Whitfield County
Wilcox County
Wilkes County
Wilkinson County
Worth County
Employment
1980
Population
1980
Poverty 1979
Avg. Wkly.
Wage 1980
Unemployment
1980
Per Capita
Income 1980
3
1
2
2
0
0
0
2
1
3
4
4
2
2
1
3
1
4
4
1
0
0
1
2
4
2
3
4
1
4
3
1
4
1
2
1
3
1
0
4
0
2
1
2
4
3
3
1
2
1
0
4
0
2
1
0
3
0
2
2
1
3
2
1
3
0
4
2
0
3
1
0
3
3
1
0
2
2
1
3
3
3
2
0
0
2
3
1
3
2
3
2
4
4
0
4
1
3
3
0
4
4
0
1
3
3
4
0
3
4
1
2
4
2
4
3
2
1
3
0
2
4
2
4
1
3
4
3
2
2
2
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1
4
0
3
2
3
4
2
1
1
0
3
1
2
1
2
3
2
1
2
2
1
4
2
3
0
0
1
4
3
0
2
3
2
3
1
2
3
2
0
0
3
0
2
1
0
3
1
2
4
3
4
4
2
4
1
3
1
4
3
1
2
0
3
0
3
4
1
0
1
3
4
0
1
2
0
0
0
1
0
2
1
1
1
0
3
0
2
1
4
4
3
2
0
1
2
0
0
3
4
0
2
3
1
2
1
4
3
4
4
4
0
1
4
0
0
3
3
3
1
3
1
4
4
1
4
1
1
4
1
4
1
1
2
1
2
2
4
1
1
0
2
3
4
3
4
0
0
4
1
3
3
1
0
3
4
4
0
2
4
4
0
2
3
1
2
2
2
4
3
0
0
2
2
3
0
3
4
4
3
1
0
2
3
4
3
3
3
2
0
1
3
4
2
4
1
3
1
1
2
3
3
0
1
0
3
1
1
4
0
2
3
1
1
2
2
4
3
3
2
0
1
2
0
3
3
0
2
2
2
4
0
2
4
3
0
0
1
3
0
4
0
0
0
3
2
2
4
1
2
0
1
3
3
0
2
1
0
2
1
1
3
2
2
1
3
4
1
2
3
3
1
0
1
3
3
1
3
3
1
1
0
3
2
3
0
0
2
0
1
1
1
3
1
3
2
4
3
4
1
3
4
3
1
3
3
2
3
0
1
0
4
4
2
1
1
4
2
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
0
3
2
2
0
0
3
0
0
0
3
3
3
2
1
3
2
1
1
2
4
0
2
3
1
US Avg. 1980 US Grade 1980
2.667
1.667
2.333
1.333
1.333
1.667
3
2
1.667
2.5
2.833
2
1.667
2
2.167
2.5
2
1
2
2.833
0.333
1.5
1.833
1.167
3.333
1.333
2.667
2.667
2
2.833
3.333
1.833
3.333
2.5
1.833
1
2.5
1.5
1.833
3.333
0.833
2.667
0.667
2.333
4
1.667
1.833
2
2.5
1.167
0.5
2.333
1.5
0.667
1.167
1
1.5
0
2.167
1.833
1.333
2.333
0.833
2.333
1.5
1.5
2
2.333
1.667
2.333
1.5
0.667
2.167
2.333
1.333
1.5
2.167
2.333
0.833
2.5
3.167
1.667
B
C
C
D
D
C
B
C
C
B
B
C
C
C
C
B
C
D
C
B
F
C
C
D
B
D
B
B
C
B
B
C
B
B
C
D
B
C
C
B
D
B
D
C
A
C
C
C
B
D
D
C
C
D
D
D
C
F
C
C
D
C
D
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
C
C
D
C
C
C
D
B
B
C
13
Appendix I: Data Tables
2006 United States Comparison
County
Appling County
Atkinson County
Bacon County
Baker County
Baldwin County
Banks County
Barrow County
Bartow County
Ben Hill County
Berrien County
Bibb County
Bleckley County
Brantley County
Brooks County
Bryan County
Bulloch County
Burke County
Butts County
Calhoun County
Camden County
Candler County
Carroll County
Catoosa County
Charlton County
Chatham County
Chattahoochee County
Chattooga County
Cherokee County
Clarke County
Clay County
Clayton County
Clinch County
Cobb County
Coffee County
Colquitt County
Columbia County
Cook County
Coweta County
Crawford County
Crisp County
Dade County
Dawson County
Decatur County
DeKalb County
Dodge County
Dooly County
Dougherty County
Douglas County
Early County
Echols County
Effingham County
Elbert County
Emanuel County
Evans County
Fannin County
Fayette County
Floyd County
Forsyth County
Franklin County
Fulton County
Gilmer County
Glascock County
Glynn County
Gordon County
Grady County
Greene County
Gwinnett County
Habersham County
Hall County
Hancock County
Haralson County
Harris County
Hart County
Heard County
Henry County
Houston County
Irwin County
Employment
2006
Population
2006
Poverty 2005
Avg. Wkly.
Wage 2006
Unemployment
2006
Per Capita
Income 2006
2
0
4
0
3
4
4
4
4
2
0
0
2
2
4
3
0
4
3
3
4
4
4
0
4
3
0
4
4
0
1
2
3
0
4
4
0
4
0
3
3
4
0
0
4
0
0
4
0
0
4
0
2
0
4
4
3
4
3
4
4
0
4
4
4
2
4
1
4
0
4
0
0
4
4
4
2
0
1
1
0
1
3
4
3
1
1
1
3
1
1
4
4
0
3
0
3
2
4
3
1
2
2
0
4
3
0
2
0
3
2
2
4
1
4
1
1
1
4
1
3
1
1
0
4
0
2
4
0
2
1
3
3
1
4
2
4
4
3
3
3
2
1
4
3
4
0
2
4
3
1
4
3
1
2
1
2
1
3
4
4
4
1
3
1
3
4
2
4
1
1
4
0
4
2
4
4
1
4
3
3
4
1
0
4
1
4
2
1
4
2
4
3
0
4
4
2
4
2
2
2
4
1
1
4
2
1
1
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
4
3
4
2
2
4
4
4
1
3
4
3
4
4
4
2
0
3
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
3
4
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
3
4
1
2
2
2
2
0
0
1
0
1
2
4
2
0
1
3
0
0
0
4
1
2
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
2
2
2
4
3
1
1
4
1
0
2
4
4
3
0
1
0
3
3
2
4
2
3
0
2
4
4
2
0
1
3
1
3
4
1
3
2
1
3
4
0
1
2
0
0
2
2
4
4
0
2
3
3
4
2
4
1
2
4
1
4
3
3
0
3
4
4
0
2
4
0
1
3
3
2
1
0
0
0
2
4
3
4
2
2
4
3
1
2
4
0
0
2
0
3
1
3
3
0
4
3
0
4
2
3
1
0
4
1
1
4
0
4
3
2
2
4
1
4
0
0
3
4
3
0
4
2
1
1
2
4
4
4
3
4
2
1
4
3
1
4
4
3
4
0
2
4
1
1
4
4
0
US Avg. 2006 US Grade 2006
1
0.833
1.5
0.5
1.833
3.833
3
2.667
1.5
2
1.167
2.167
1.667
1.833
3.5
1.833
0.333
2.333
0.5
2.667
2
2.833
3
1
3.333
2.5
0.833
3.333
2.333
1.5
1.333
0.667
2.833
1
1.833
3.333
1
3.167
2.167
1.167
2.167
3.333
0.667
2
1.5
1.167
0.833
3
1.5
1.833
3.5
1
1.667
1.333
3
3.167
2.167
3.5
2.167
3.167
3.333
2.167
3.333
2.833
2.167
2
3.167
2.5
3.333
0.833
2.333
3
1.167
1.833
3.167
3.167
1.333
D
D
C
D
C
A
B
B
C
C
D
C
C
C
A
C
F
C
D
B
C
B
B
D
B
B
D
B
C
C
D
D
B
D
C
B
D
B
C
D
C
B
D
C
C
D
D
B
C
C
A
D
C
D
B
B
C
A
C
B
B
C
B
B
C
C
B
B
B
D
C
B
D
C
B
B
D
14
Appendix I: Data Tables
2006 United States Comparison
County
Jackson County
Jasper County
Jeff Davis County
Jefferson County
Jenkins County
Johnson County
Jones County
Lamar County
Lanier County
Laurens County
Lee County
Liberty County
Lincoln County
Long County
Lowndes County
Lumpkin County
McDuffie County
McIntosh County
Macon County
Madison County
Marion County
Meriwether County
Miller County
Mitchell County
Monroe County
Montgomery County
Morgan County
Murray County
Muscogee County
Newton County
Oconee County
Oglethorpe County
Paulding County
Peach County
Pickens County
Pierce County
Pike County
Polk County
Pulaski County
Putnam County
Quitman County
Rabun County
Randolph County
Richmond County
Rockdale County
Schley County
Screven County
Seminole County
Spalding County
Stephens County
Stewart County
Sumter County
Talbot County
Taliaferro County
Tattnall County
Taylor County
Telfair County
Terrell County
Thomas County
Tift County
Toombs County
Towns County
Treutlen County
Troup County
Turner County
Twiggs County
Union County
Upson County
Walker County
Walton County
Ware County
Warren County
Washington County
Wayne County
Webster County
Wheeler County
White County
Whitfield County
Wilcox County
Wilkes County
Wilkinson County
Worth County
Employment
2006
Population
2006
Poverty 2005
Avg. Wkly.
Wage 2006
Unemployment
2006
Per Capita
Income 2006
4
0
0
1
3
2
3
3
4
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
2
1
0
2
0
0
4
3
3
4
4
3
2
4
4
3
4
0
4
1
4
4
3
4
0
0
0
0
1
4
2
1
3
1
2
0
0
0
1
0
4
0
4
2
4
4
0
0
2
0
4
0
0
4
1
0
1
1
4
4
4
2
0
0
0
1
4
4
2
0
1
1
3
1
2
1
4
0
0
3
3
4
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
3
2
3
2
3
4
4
2
4
2
4
3
4
2
1
2
3
2
0
0
3
3
0
0
2
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
2
0
2
3
2
3
0
2
0
0
3
0
2
4
1
0
0
2
0
3
4
3
0
0
0
0
4
4
2
1
1
1
4
4
2
3
4
3
3
2
3
4
2
2
0
4
1
2
2
1
4
2
4
4
3
4
4
4
4
2
4
2
4
3
2
3
1
4
0
2
4
3
2
2
3
3
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
4
1
3
1
2
4
3
4
4
2
1
2
3
2
0
4
4
1
3
2
3
1
0
0
1
0
3
0
0
0
0
2
4
2
4
0
0
0
3
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
3
0
0
0
0
4
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
2
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
2
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
3
2
0
0
1
1
3
1
4
1
4
1
0
4
4
3
0
3
0
4
2
0
4
1
3
1
3
3
1
1
4
4
3
0
4
3
2
3
2
3
1
3
0
0
2
0
2
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
3
2
1
4
0
0
1
0
4
0
3
3
2
0
1
1
1
0
4
3
0
0
1
2
4
2
1
1
0
0
4
2
1
3
2
1
2
0
3
3
4
1
0
3
3
1
3
0
4
0
4
1
4
2
4
3
3
2
4
1
3
1
4
4
1
4
1
3
4
1
0
2
3
3
2
2
1
0
1
0
0
1
4
2
2
4
0
4
1
1
3
1
2
4
2
1
3
2
3
0
2
4
1
2
1
2
US Avg. 2006 US Grade 2006
3.333
2
0.833
0.667
1
1.333
2.833
1.833
2.167
1.833
3.167
2
1.667
2.833
2.833
3
1.5
1.833
0
2.833
1
0.667
2.167
0.833
2.833
1.5
3
2.167
2.167
2.667
3.833
2.667
3
1
3.333
2.333
3
2.167
2
2.833
1
2.333
0.167
1.167
2.333
2.5
1
1
1.833
1.333
0.833
0.5
0.667
0.333
1
0.167
1.167
0.333
2.667
1.833
2
3.5
0.167
1.5
0.833
0.5
3.5
0.667
1.833
3.167
1.333
0.333
1.167
1.5
2.333
1.167
3
2.667
0.333
0.833
0.667
1.667
B
C
D
D
D
D
B
C
C
C
B
C
C
B
B
B
C
C
F
B
D
D
C
D
B
C
B
C
C
B
A
B
B
D
B
C
B
C
C
B
D
C
F
D
C
B
D
D
C
D
D
D
D
F
D
F
D
F
B
C
C
A
F
C
D
D
A
D
C
B
D
F
D
C
C
D
B
B
F
D
D
C
15
Appendix I: Data Tables
1980 Variables
County
Appling
Atkinson
Bacon
Baker
Baldwin
Banks
Barrow
Bartow
Ben Hill
Berrien
Bibb
Bleckley
Brantley
Brooks
Bryan
Bulloch
Burke
Butts
Calhoun
Camden
Candler
Carroll
Catoosa
Charlton
Chatham
Chattahoochee
Chattooga
Cherokee
Clarke
Clay
Clayton
Clinch
Cobb
Coffee
Colquitt
Columbia
Cook
Coweta
Crawford
Crisp
Dade
Dawson
Decatur
DeKalb
Dodge
Dooly
Dougherty
Douglas
Early
Echols
Effingham
Elbert
Emanuel
Evans
Fannin
Fayette
Floyd
Forsyth
Franklin
Fulton
Gilmer
Glascock
Glynn
Gordon
Grady
Greene
Gwinnett
Habersham
Hall
Hancock
Haralson
Harris
Hart
Heard
Henry
Houston
Irwin
Jackson
Jasper
Unempl.
Avg.1980
7.73
7.57
6.43
5.60
5.03
5.43
7.27
7.30
6.23
5.33
6.30
4.80
7.43
4.40
6.53
4.93
10.70
7.57
6.70
5.47
4.83
6.53
5.13
6.43
6.10
13.47
9.03
5.20
5.20
6.10
5.37
5.70
4.43
7.87
6.10
4.23
6.20
5.67
6.93
7.40
5.83
6.87
5.67
5.07
6.53
6.57
7.67
4.47
5.50
5.87
4.90
7.67
7.57
4.97
8.57
3.27
7.20
4.90
7.20
6.47
7.50
7.77
5.17
7.77
5.10
5.70
4.93
6.27
5.93
7.27
6.73
5.00
6.70
6.20
4.97
5.07
5.37
5.50
5.60
PCI Avg. 1980
5,735
5,003
5,493
5,445
6,537
5,775
6,784
6,843
5,946
5,674
7,581
6,173
5,822
4,684
6,322
5,713
6,043
6,382
5,031
7,440
5,393
6,829
6,747
6,202
8,266
5,102
6,106
7,535
7,105
3,717
8,277
5,415
9,926
5,562
6,340
7,649
5,490
7,615
6,631
5,780
6,005
6,581
5,871
9,715
5,815
5,137
6,893
7,440
5,381
4,975
6,783
6,595
5,277
5,969
5,481
10,368
7,384
8,009
6,015
10,160
6,126
7,580
7,955
6,189
5,438
5,277
9,506
6,069
7,478
4,814
6,950
7,113
6,241
6,229
8,247
7,304
5,257
6,163
6,702
Employ. Growth
Rate Avg. 1980
-0.60
2.97
0.38
2.05
3.70
1.07
4.25
2.46
3.13
2.64
0.86
0.16
5.18
1.87
8.71
5.02
6.31
1.70
-0.50
21.43
-1.64
2.24
4.94
-0.82
1.52
0.53
0.21
4.78
1.65
-1.66
7.67
3.21
8.40
2.64
2.32
10.86
-0.59
2.06
1.66
-0.70
2.11
10.16
0.00
7.05
1.63
-0.33
3.39
6.33
2.62
6.80
-1.55
2.63
1.16
-1.42
-0.37
10.61
0.48
4.55
1.60
3.01
3.15
0.10
3.29
3.22
2.68
3.06
13.79
3.27
4.38
-1.62
2.11
-2.16
-0.28
-16.63
4.71
0.88
-0.49
3.14
0.67
Avg. Wkly Wage
1980
6.92
8.41
5.91
6.55
9.14
8.02
9.20
7.01
12.70
10.41
9.77
9.30
7.07
8.29
14.85
8.59
16.68
8.02
7.17
8.33
7.55
7.70
6.76
8.44
9.16
5.88
6.99
8.45
8.90
10.26
9.53
8.89
10.20
7.99
9.23
12.41
7.97
9.16
8.82
9.49
9.72
8.18
9.34
8.10
9.79
9.37
10.57
8.44
10.27
9.49
7.24
10.11
9.43
6.19
8.61
8.31
8.31
8.90
8.77
7.81
7.28
1.26
8.04
8.56
9.50
9.54
9.46
7.63
9.27
10.58
8.14
6.79
8.51
-1.54
8.98
4.10
6.55
8.82
8.00
Pop. Growth Avg. 1980
0.16
0.23
-0.06
0.09
-0.09
2.42
2.21
1.40
2.40
0.57
-0.10
0.21
6.62
1.98
4.97
1.82
0.09
1.43
-2.14
6.26
1.46
0.81
3.26
0.69
0.47
11.20
-0.96
5.29
1.48
-0.44
2.24
0.82
3.85
1.27
1.04
5.50
1.24
2.19
3.16
0.16
1.45
2.76
0.93
-0.32
-0.08
-0.83
1.26
4.09
0.66
1.60
3.57
0.83
0.32
0.55
0.34
11.60
-0.29
4.65
0.41
1.34
0.05
2.76
1.49
1.69
0.24
0.27
7.20
0.30
2.04
-0.12
0.98
2.41
0.89
2.25
6.10
1.64
1.10
1.00
-0.94
Poverty Rate
1979
29.0
31.3
23.1
27.4
16.4
11.6
16.8
12.9
24.6
20.2
19.5
18.3
18.6
32.2
20.0
21.8
28.5
16.5
29.2
21.8
28.9
15.7
11.3
21.3
18.4
11.8
16.4
10.7
20.7
40.7
8.0
26.4
6.3
24.0
19.5
10.9
19.1
16.7
18.5
28.6
17.3
19.1
23.7
9.7
27.4
34.0
20.8
7.9
31.1
25.6
16.9
19.7
26.5
25.4
23.1
5.3
12.4
10.7
19.8
21.2
20.4
20.7
16.1
12.9
25.8
26.6
5.6
14.7
10.9
39.3
15.2
17.2
16.6
16.8
10.5
11.2
24.7
14.1
20.4
16
Appendix I: Data Tables
1980 Variables
County
Jeff Davis
Jefferson
Jenkins
Johnson
Jones
Lamar
Lanier
Laurens
Lee
Liberty
Lincoln
Long
Lowndes
Lumpkin
McDuffie
McIntosh
Macon
Madison
Marion
Meriwether
Miller
Mitchell
Monroe
Montgomery
Morgan
Murray
Muscogee
Newton
Oconee
Oglethorpe
Paulding
Peach
Pickens
Pierce
Pike
Polk
Pulaski
Putnam
Quitman
Rabun
Randolph
Richmond
Rockdale
Schley
Screven
Seminole
Spalding
Stephens
Stewart
Sumter
Talbot
Taliaferro
Tattnall
Taylor
Telfair
Terrell
Thomas
Tift
Toombs
Towns
Treutlen
Troup
Turner
Twiggs
Union
Upson
Walker
Walton
Ware
Warren
Washington
Wayne
Webster
Wheeler
White
Whitfield
Wilcox
Wilkes
Wilkinson
Worth
SE Average
US Average
Unempl.
Avg.1980
6.00
8.20
6.57
5.60
4.77
6.23
5.10
7.00
5.73
6.57
7.30
6.13
5.60
5.57
7.50
6.83
9.17
5.90
6.57
7.20
4.50
7.83
6.07
5.73
7.03
7.37
6.37
6.37
4.27
5.77
5.50
6.03
7.63
7.33
6.07
8.47
5.67
5.30
8.03
6.23
6.30
6.47
4.23
7.47
6.13
4.97
5.70
7.73
8.53
7.20
5.90
7.57
5.23
8.03
8.03
8.30
5.67
6.03
6.20
5.17
6.80
6.40
7.50
7.30
5.80
5.47
7.47
5.97
6.97
11.17
5.90
6.70
6.63
5.30
5.97
6.47
6.87
5.70
4.90
7.00
6.18
6.33
PCI Avg. 1980
6,594
5,541
5,136
5,585
6,662
6,551
5,830
6,603
6,462
5,652
5,702
5,158
6,723
6,220
6,658
5,163
5,249
6,245
4,969
5,739
5,446
5,658
6,834
5,676
6,806
6,166
7,458
6,870
7,393
5,722
6,428
7,099
6,682
5,569
6,740
6,559
6,062
6,552
4,722
5,620
4,721
6,960
8,381
6,023
5,678
5,525
7,068
6,425
5,098
6,140
4,984
6,000
5,077
5,985
5,239
4,666
6,625
6,231
5,968
4,620
5,166
6,826
5,375
5,060
4,673
6,489
6,720
6,447
6,412
5,635
6,473
6,165
5,690
5,457
5,929
7,828
5,104
6,358
6,532
5,476
7,442
9,168
Employ. Growth
Rate Avg. 1980
1.67
1.98
-0.19
-0.02
-1.75
2.14
1.10
3.31
5.33
6.57
2.61
2.06
1.00
3.21
0.12
6.75
11.55
0.60
-0.36
-0.04
1.00
2.38
10.55
1.89
4.31
5.95
0.09
4.46
3.49
1.25
5.72
0.10
1.79
0.72
4.35
1.55
-1.64
6.96
-6.69
2.24
0.58
2.35
10.07
3.11
3.69
1.37
2.04
0.87
-1.59
6.47
-0.36
2.55
1.37
-1.58
3.01
-2.24
1.90
2.08
1.40
3.10
2.03
1.03
4.11
-0.12
4.47
1.69
-5.34
2.68
1.58
-6.07
2.89
3.66
1.44
-0.44
2.25
1.66
0.96
4.13
4.33
3.85
2.84
2.87
Avg. Wkly Wage
1980
11.81
9.61
10.47
10.22
10.70
5.88
8.25
10.32
6.08
7.44
9.92
9.29
9.68
8.08
10.12
7.97
23.66
11.02
8.03
10.46
8.35
8.27
18.51
8.25
12.92
8.00
7.96
8.86
8.06
8.84
8.45
11.86
8.06
7.97
7.61
9.13
9.80
11.32
9.39
11.35
7.53
6.88
10.55
8.23
9.75
9.56
8.38
6.57
10.01
10.47
11.28
5.77
8.84
12.07
10.38
7.11
8.51
9.45
7.95
8.64
8.43
9.28
14.67
9.81
7.34
7.09
8.42
8.73
9.83
6.92
9.67
12.41
10.85
9.95
7.97
7.34
8.59
9.83
11.98
9.30
8.93
8.39
Pop. Growth Avg. 1980
-0.36
1.12
2.13
0.24
2.28
1.45
1.56
0.92
3.63
8.37
-0.40
3.34
0.63
1.51
2.15
-1.37
3.05
2.78
-2.96
0.53
2.17
2.00
2.67
-0.41
2.02
3.22
0.26
0.95
4.47
1.27
2.85
1.72
1.33
0.85
2.52
0.09
0.95
3.09
0.85
2.93
0.35
2.23
4.67
2.42
1.08
0.97
1.36
0.09
-0.58
1.23
-1.29
-2.59
-0.29
-0.40
0.18
-0.77
0.27
0.27
0.44
2.74
-0.07
1.51
1.11
1.74
2.60
0.91
0.22
0.77
-0.10
1.49
0.62
1.24
0.59
1.03
2.50
0.97
0.82
1.10
0.88
0.68
1.51
1.02
Poverty Rate
1979
17.1
30.4
33.8
26.1
14.9
16.3
28.4
20.1
16.7
20.9
18.3
24.5
19.2
16.6
20.5
31.4
32.5
16.1
29.8
20.9
27.3
29.5
15.9
23.5
21.7
14.1
18.0
14.2
10.1
18.8
12.4
26.2
17.1
22.8
14.8
16.0
25.1
20.1
40.7
17.1
33.7
18.3
8.2
26.8
34.1
23.4
17.6
14.8
38.8
23.2
20.6
32.4
28.3
28.1
26.5
31.1
21.4
22.6
26.0
22.7
29.3
18.0
32.0
18.5
26.2
13.0
12.3
16.9
21.1
28.3
25.4
20.2
31.0
30.4
16.4
11.9
30.4
20.6
17.6
23.8
17.3
12.4
17
Appendix I: Data Tables
2006 Variables
County
Appling
Atkinson
Bacon
Baker
Baldwin
Banks
Barrow
Bartow
Ben Hill
Berrien
Bibb
Bleckley
Brantley
Brooks
Bryan
Bulloch
Burke
Butts
Calhoun
Camden
Candler
Carroll
Catoosa
Charlton
Chatham
Chattahoochee
Chattooga
Cherokee
Clarke
Clay
Clayton
Clinch
Cobb
Coffee
Colquitt
Columbia
Cook
Coweta
Crawford
Crisp
Dade
Dawson
Decatur
DeKalb
Dodge
Dooly
Dougherty
Douglas
Early
Echols
Effingham
Elbert
Emanuel
Evans
Fannin
Fayette
Floyd
Forsyth
Franklin
Fulton
Gilmer
Glascock
Glynn
Gordon
Grady
Greene
Gwinnett
Habersham
Hall
Hancock
Haralson
Harris
Hart
Heard
Henry
Houston
Irwin
Jackson
Jasper
Unempl. Avg.
2006
5.80
6.17
4.97
4.83
5.13
3.53
4.40
5.23
5.37
3.93
5.40
6.53
4.93
3.87
3.57
4.43
6.90
5.57
6.17
4.30
4.47
5.03
3.73
4.80
4.20
9.53
5.07
3.80
4.17
4.90
5.97
5.57
4.37
5.70
4.70
4.10
5.40
4.27
5.17
5.83
4.23
3.90
6.03
5.43
5.13
6.10
6.00
5.00
5.07
3.10
3.60
6.23
5.20
4.43
4.60
4.03
4.73
3.37
5.27
5.17
4.07
5.30
4.03
4.50
4.27
6.23
4.27
4.00
4.00
7.60
5.00
3.90
6.10
5.33
4.60
4.20
5.13
4.27
4.83
PCI Avg. 2006
21,438
19,689
20,576
20,347
24,181
26,819
24,729
27,032
24,070
24,138
31,080
24,666
21,250
22,617
30,209
20,636
20,116
23,192
18,337
25,586
21,749
24,924
25,063
18,283
34,044
25,403
19,960
32,368
23,237
24,911
22,409
19,044
39,807
22,042
21,597
34,777
19,399
28,534
24,905
22,561
23,731
30,048
22,275
34,945
20,248
20,573
25,648
26,804
25,196
18,226
26,564
23,867
21,530
21,542
23,927
39,727
28,512
34,181
24,858
49,677
23,911
21,807
34,931
24,846
21,973
28,164
31,418
24,509
27,134
17,793
24,287
35,592
22,322
21,047
26,586
28,355
20,432
26,602
23,822
Employ. Growth
Rate Avg. 2006
0.83
-1.35
3.77
-3.70
1.49
5.42
6.81
3.43
2.33
1.19
-0.06
-4.34
1.20
1.13
8.39
1.61
-1.61
5.11
1.45
2.11
2.24
7.02
2.38
-0.45
2.73
1.66
-1.67
6.74
2.23
-0.38
0.49
1.25
1.46
-0.86
4.14
5.41
-1.47
3.24
-4.62
1.56
1.41
10.37
-0.13
-1.32
2.17
-0.40
-0.01
5.00
-0.61
-4.55
5.16
-1.84
1.08
-0.24
4.99
3.27
1.67
6.56
1.32
2.37
4.67
-0.99
2.70
3.06
2.47
1.19
3.67
0.53
2.61
-6.01
4.47
-5.17
-1.07
3.36
5.39
3.15
0.93
8.49
-0.98
Avg. Wkly Wage
2006
2.29
4.70
1.51
1.33
1.14
6.03
3.71
3.14
2.78
3.16
3.36
7.25
2.96
3.70
4.08
2.61
4.09
3.29
0.07
3.56
3.05
3.54
2.98
4.41
4.76
10.92
3.32
3.47
2.14
5.97
-1.21
2.99
3.16
2.83
2.46
2.85
4.19
3.14
5.97
3.13
3.62
3.19
2.57
3.17
2.18
5.55
2.84
2.74
4.98
5.37
3.99
4.21
4.17
4.20
4.31
3.16
3.67
4.08
3.45
4.07
4.28
5.59
4.32
2.63
3.89
4.97
3.36
2.68
3.48
5.39
4.14
4.55
2.52
-3.43
2.65
4.04
4.02
4.15
3.07
Pop. Growth Avg. 2006
-0.02
0.61
0.71
-1.82
0.37
1.74
5.97
2.27
0.81
0.60
0.19
1.48
0.51
0.43
3.64
2.75
-0.06
1.92
-0.10
1.81
1.27
3.18
1.85
0.36
1.05
1.25
-0.18
5.33
1.77
-0.93
1.39
-0.40
1.80
0.88
1.04
3.09
0.76
4.27
0.34
0.25
0.58
3.78
0.35
1.48
0.57
0.50
-0.15
5.40
-0.50
0.89
4.53
0.01
0.84
0.31
1.68
2.25
0.59
6.35
0.91
3.02
2.71
1.99
1.66
2.27
1.15
0.62
3.88
2.27
3.35
-0.69
1.15
3.21
1.47
0.70
5.87
2.18
0.78
5.78
2.56
Poverty Rate
2005
20.6
25.4
21.8
25.8
19.7
13.3
10.7
13.3
24.6
17.7
23.5
16.8
15.0
23.0
10.5
24.5
28.8
12.7
31.4
10.8
23.3
14.6
11.4
24.4
15.8
19.5
18.5
6.0
29.0
33.0
14.0
26.7
8.7
23.2
23.4
6.9
20.1
8.7
16.4
29.4
12.6
9.6
22.6
15.9
23.2
22.5
22.9
9.7
28.1
25.7
9.6
19.8
28.3
24.4
13.7
4.3
19.3
5.2
14.8
15.9
13.8
15.5
16.0
13.0
21.2
20.9
7.5
11.5
10.8
27.9
16.3
9.5
16.3
15.9
6.3
12.4
20.1
12.7
15.1
18
Appendix I: Data Tables
2006 Variables
County
Jeff Davis
Jefferson
Jenkins
Johnson
Jones
Lamar
Lanier
Laurens
Lee
Liberty
Lincoln
Long
Lowndes
Lumpkin
McDuffie
McIntosh
Macon
Madison
Marion
Meriwether
Miller
Mitchell
Monroe
Montgomery
Morgan
Murray
Muscogee
Newton
Oconee
Oglethorpe
Paulding
Peach
Pickens
Pierce
Pike
Polk
Pulaski
Putnam
Quitman
Rabun
Randolph
Richmond
Rockdale
Schley
Screven
Seminole
Spalding
Stephens
Stewart
Sumter
Talbot
Taliaferro
Tattnall
Taylor
Telfair
Terrell
Thomas
Tift
Toombs
Towns
Treutlen
Troup
Turner
Twiggs
Union
Upson
Walker
Walton
Ware
Warren
Washington
Wayne
Webster
Wheeler
White
Whitfield
Wilcox
Wilkes
Wilkinson
Worth
SE Average
US Average
Unempl. Avg.
2006
7.07
7.40
5.77
5.57
4.63
5.77
3.73
5.33
3.63
5.60
6.37
3.87
3.73
4.27
6.17
4.60
7.80
4.07
4.97
6.80
3.80
5.37
4.47
5.40
4.30
4.20
5.63
5.37
3.17
4.07
4.27
6.20
3.90
4.33
4.93
4.70
4.83
4.70
5.73
4.67
6.87
6.17
5.17
5.93
5.10
5.33
6.47
5.60
8.63
6.20
6.43
6.90
5.57
6.77
7.53
5.97
4.27
4.83
5.67
3.60
6.43
6.10
5.77
5.93
3.97
6.20
4.43
4.50
5.20
8.33
5.87
5.70
5.90
5.93
4.03
4.43
5.93
6.67
5.47
5.13
5.3
5.07
PCI Avg. 2006
21,667
21,164
19,746
20,026
26,705
24,268
22,374
24,685
23,757
22,508
23,710
18,870
25,181
24,776
26,719
22,071
20,356
25,849
25,376
21,503
24,707
19,785
29,042
20,488
30,207
22,276
31,757
22,736
36,676
24,843
25,612
24,038
31,004
22,074
25,493
21,742
26,250
28,141
21,772
26,396
20,818
26,174
29,541
22,452
20,561
23,259
25,705
24,939
23,047
24,234
21,155
20,088
21,321
20,601
17,929
21,411
28,413
24,175
23,476
27,311
17,961
26,870
21,123
21,354
25,809
21,553
23,918
26,534
22,722
21,358
25,594
23,114
25,405
17,425
23,875
29,253
21,172
22,971
21,949
24,176
30,102
34,865
Employ. Growth
Rate Avg. 2006
-1.59
0.50
1.65
1.07
1.48
1.76
4.83
1.68
2.09
1.70
1.57
3.16
2.19
3.16
1.27
0.56
-0.30
0.94
-3.85
-4.30
3.09
1.91
1.39
3.05
3.22
1.31
0.97
5.32
5.06
1.62
8.48
-1.10
5.27
0.69
2.40
2.51
1.98
5.48
-0.60
-0.48
-2.68
-0.19
0.47
5.85
0.84
0.50
1.64
0.53
0.86
-0.59
-3.00
-0.46
0.10
-1.19
8.33
-1.16
3.00
1.22
3.32
4.46
-0.21
-0.18
1.20
-6.23
3.97
-0.70
-0.70
7.54
0.36
-2.11
0.05
0.21
7.78
12.25
3.29
1.25
-1.53
-0.52
-1.10
0.63
1.77
1.4
Avg. Wkly Wage
2006
3.61
4.14
3.71
4.90
2.81
3.67
2.58
3.31
4.19
8.21
4.57
6.03
2.91
3.41
3.37
4.65
1.30
4.81
3.55
2.59
3.19
3.36
2.30
2.10
2.99
3.47
3.48
3.94
5.05
2.21
2.65
0.20
2.49
5.32
4.09
2.92
1.08
4.05
3.33
4.11
3.28
4.28
2.19
6.93
2.56
0.12
3.00
2.81
3.33
1.75
1.66
4.07
3.46
2.91
1.48
3.78
3.36
2.62
4.52
4.19
2.29
2.47
3.70
-0.06
4.64
2.22
2.77
3.15
3.36
1.96
2.03
3.51
5.16
2.44
3.20
2.67
2.04
3.72
0.74
4.40
3.97
4.15
Pop. Growth Avg. 2006
1.07
-0.59
0.28
0.40
1.97
0.78
1.28
0.62
3.70
-0.08
-0.70
2.17
1.83
3.21
0.57
0.57
-0.77
0.81
0.06
0.35
-0.59
0.11
1.59
1.10
2.24
1.15
1.61
6.19
2.77
1.18
6.50
0.99
3.06
2.36
3.32
1.09
0.39
1.05
1.58
0.99
-0.57
-0.17
2.18
1.71
-0.26
-0.25
0.99
-0.16
-1.92
-0.50
0.48
-0.69
1.23
-0.63
1.26
-1.47
0.98
1.79
1.37
2.23
-0.39
1.39
-0.60
-1.36
2.36
-0.13
0.87
4.54
0.29
-1.40
-0.61
1.07
-0.97
1.70
2.66
1.71
-0.19
-0.83
-0.46
-0.40
1.41
0.98
Poverty Rate
2005
19.9
27.5
27.7
27.0
11.5
15.7
19.8
18.6
8.9
18.5
17.6
21.4
18.0
14.6
20.8
20.2
29.6
14.3
24.4
21.6
22.5
26.6
11.4
22.4
13.0
14.8
19.6
11.4
6.8
14.6
6.5
21.4
10.4
20.4
10.6
16.5
19.9
16.5
24.2
12.6
30.6
22.7
11.4
18.0
20.1
21.4
17.7
16.7
28.3
27.6
22.0
29.0
26.2
28.2
26.3
29.3
18.9
21.5
27.4
12.1
28.9
16.7
28.3
20.1
14.8
18.3
14.9
11.3
21.5
24.4
22.5
19.6
21.1
30.9
13.3
12.9
29.2
18.9
21.1
19.6
15.9
13.3
19
The Center for Agribusiness
& Economic Development
The Center for Agribusiness and Economic Development is a unit of the College of
Agricultural and Environmental Sciences of the University of Georgia, combining the
missions of research and extension. The Center has among its objectives:
To provide feasibility and other short term studies for current or potential Georgia
agribusiness firms and/or emerging food and fiber industries.
To provide agricultural, natural resource, and demographic data for private and
public decision makers.
To find out more, visit our Web site at: http://www.caed.uga.edu
Or contact:
John McKissick, Director
Center for Agribusiness and Economic Development
Lumpkin House
The University of Georgia
Athens, Georgia 30602-7509
Phone (706)542-0760
caed@agecon.uga.edu
The University of Georgia and Fort Valley State University, and the U.S. Department of
Agriculture and counties of the state cooperating. The Cooperative Extension Service
offers educational programs, assistance and materials to all people without regard to race,
color, national origin, age, sex or disability.
An equal opportunity/affirmative action organization committed to a diverse work force.
Report Number: CR-09-02
January 2009
Issued in furtherance of Cooperation Extension Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, the
University of Georgia College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, and the U.S.
Department of Agriculture cooperating.
J. Scott Angle, Dean and Director