AN INTEGRATED BUILDING SYSTEM
BY
R.
MICHAEL SCHNEIDER
BACHELOR OF ARTS
UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA
(1964)
BACHELOR OF ARCHITECTURE
HARVARD GRADUATE SCHOOL OF DESIGN
(1965)
SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT
OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE
DEGREE OF MASTER OF
ARCH ITECTURE
AT THE
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
1966
SEPTEMBER,
SIGNATURE OF AUTHOR....
S
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
AUGUST
CERTIFIED
B
v.
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15,
1966
.
THCTI S SUPERVISOR
ACCEPTED
BY...
......................................-.............
DEAN OF THE DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
1
AUGUST
15, 1966
DEAN LAWRENCE
SCHOOL
ANDERSON
OF ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING
MASSACHUSETTS
77
B.
INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY
MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE
CAMBRIDGE
39,
MASSACHUSETTS
DEAR DEAN ANDERSON:
IN PARTIAL
MASTER
FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF
OF ARCHITECTURE;
ENTITLED "AN
R.
INTEGRATED
MICHAEL SCHNEIDER
WE
HEREBY SUBMIT THESE PROJECTS
BUILDING SYSTEM".
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
THE AUTHOR WISHES
TO
THANK THE FOLLOWING WHO'S ASSISTANCE
AND ADVICE CONTRIBUTED SUBSTANTIALLY TO
THESIS
INCLUDED
PROJECTS.
1.
PROFESSOR WACLAW ZALEWSKY, POLAND.
2.
MEMBERS OF
THESIS
3.
THE
THE
MIT
FACULTY WHO
JURY; JUNE
PROFESSOR EDUARDO
F.
PARTICIPATED
IN
1966.
CATALANO, THESIS ADVISOR.
THE
AN INTEGRATED BUILDING SYSTEM
PREFACE
THE OBJECTIVE IS TO CREATE A SYNTHESIS OF IDEAS INTEGRATING THE
CONSTRUCTION: MECHANICAL AND STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS INTO A HARMONIOUS
RELATIONSHIP BETVEEN THE SYSTEMS, THE BUILDING ENVIRONMENT FORMED
BY THESE SYSTEMS, AND MAN.
STRUCTURE
I
WAY
30x 60
BAY
ADVANTAGE:
FAIR ECONOMICALLY
CAN CHANGE DIRECTION
5x5
CAST
UNITS
4
TON ASSEMBLED COLUMN
IN PLANT
14
TON CAPITOL
20x25
CAST ON SITE
14
TON CHANNEL
10x55
CAST
CAN BE HANDLED
BY ROLLING CRANE;
IN PLANT
LESS UNITS TO HANDLE DUE TO SIZE;
THEREFORE FASTER.
MECHANICAL
5000
SINGLE DUCT
18lfx20"
CFM MAIN BRANCH
10"X0IO
WITH ATTENUATOR
IN
1200
EACH COLUMN
DIFFUSED THROUGH
DIFFUSER BOOT
DIAPHRAMS
CAST
CFM
72
FEEDER
ROUND
IN CHANNELS;
IN DIAPHRAM.
REHEAT MODULE AND DIFFUSER UNIT) PLUG
CONTROL EVERY MODULE
(5xIO)
MAXIMUM
IN BASE
OF
BOOT WHEN ACTIVATED.
IF NEEDED.
ELECTRICAL
LIGHTING -
FLUORESCENT TUBES WITH
DISTRIBUTION
IN FLOOR RUNNER
HANDLE WALL OUTLETS WHICH
EASE OF DIRECT SWITCH
BALLAST LOCATED
CHANNELS,
ARE LOCATED
IN DIAPHRAMS.
ALSO HAVING FLOOR
UNDER DIAPHRAMS AND
OUTLETS.
CHANNEL
PARTITIONS
EDGES,
CONNECTION.
PARTITIONS HAVE REMOVABLE PANEL ON ONE SIDE
FOR MAINTENANCE ACCESS.
CORES
10
FOOT
INTERVALS
MAY BE
LOCATED ON
MAY BE
INDEPENDENT OF STRUCTURE.
ANYWHERE BETWEEN COLUMN CAPITOLS.
FOR
BUILDING EDGE
BUILDING EDGE
TO AND
IN
60
10
MAY VARY ON
20
INCLUDING A
INTERVALS
ACROSS
30
FOOT BAY FACE,
CANTILEVER WITHOUT POST TENSIONING OUT
FOOT
10
FOOT BAY DIRECTION
FOOT
FOOT CANTILEVER MAY
25
VARY EVERY
AND UP
FROM COLUMN.
FEET.
(BOTH
BUILDING EDGES ARE REMOVEABLE.)
FLOOR TO FLOOR DEPTH
2,-81
WITH TOPPING.
FLEXIBILITY
EXTERIOR -
FOR EXPANSION, SINCE
INDEPENDENT EXCEPT FOR
UNIT
CAPITAL
(10)
FOR
INTERIOR
5XIO
-
UNIT SINCE THE CHANNEL
SPACE, THEORETICALLY
COMPLETELY
BE EXPANDED COLUMN
UNITS ARE WIDE ENOUGH
IF THE NEED SHOULD ARISE.
PARTITIONING CAN BE LOCATED UNDER DIAPHRAMS AND CHANNELS EVERY
MODULE, AND
MAXIMUM OF
CAPITAL ARE
THE BUILDING MAY
FIRE CODE EGRESS,
BY COLUMN CAPITAL
AN OFFICE
EVERY COLUMN AND
55
VOIDS MAY BE
FEET
MAXIMUM DIMENSION
IN ONE
OPENED TO SPACES A MINIMUM OF
DIRECTION AND A MINIMUM OF
10
15
FEET AND
FEET AND UNLIMITED
IN THE OTHER DIRECTION.
WHY PRECAST CONCRETE
PRECAST CONCRETE WAS SELECTED OVER
CAST
IN PLACE
CONCRETE FOR THE
FOLLOWING
REASONS:
I) EASY
AND SPEEDY CONSTRUCTION ON
2) PARTS
4
CAN BE FABRICATED ON A 2 -HOUR
3)FACTORY
4)
THE SITE.
BASIS.
CONTROL OF RAW MATERIALS ASSURES UNIFORMITY AND HIGH QUALITY.
THE SHAPES WHICH BEST
FACILITATE MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT PASSAGE ARE NOT
EASILY FORMED ON THE SITE AND POOR RESULTS, EVEN WITH EXPERIENCED LABOR,
ARE LIKELY TO RESULT
ADDITIONALLY,
IN POURED
THE BUILDING CAN BE
TRADES TO PROCEED EVEN DURING
DAMAGE
TO THE
INSTALLATION.
IN
PLACE CONCRETE.
"WEATHERED-IN" QUICKLY ALLOWING MECHANICAL
INCLEMENT WEATHER WITHOUT
PHYSICAL HARDSHIP OR
STRUCTURAL SYSTEM
THE BASIC STRUCTURAL
BAY, WHICH
PLANNING CONFIGURATION.
IT
IS
THIS
IS
BAY
THE BACKBONE OF
IS RECTANGULAR, SIXTY FEET BY THIRTY FEET;
FORMED BY COLUMN CLUSTERS (FOUR
AT THE SIDES OF THIS BAY,
CAPITOAL
CLUSTERS.
CHANNEL
PER
PARALLEL TO THE
HAVING TWIN GIRDERS
WITH
CLUSTER)
THE CHANNELS MAY
PRODUCE VERTICAL PENETRATION.
THREE MAIN ARMS ON
BE
WITHIN EACH OF
STRUCTURE.
PENETRATE HORIZONTALLY
INTO
EACH
LEVEL,
THE BAY.
GIRDERS ACTS AS A RACEWAY FOR ALL
BEAMS.
SUPPLY AS THE
ANALYSIS OF
(THE SUB-SUPPLY
COLUMN
THE BAY TO
TRANSPORTED VERTICALLY
THESE SERVICES LEAVE THE COLUMN GROUP
THE VOID REMAINING
THE AIR SUPPLY DUCTS
INTO THE BAY BY MEANS
COLUMN
FOOT WIDE CANTED
BETWEEN
THE TWO
AND MAJOR MECHANICAL
SUB-SUPPLY LINES MAY THEN LEAVE THE GIRDERS AND
TRANSVERSELY
IS A
TOP OF THE
10
CORNERS.
THE COLUMN CLUSTERS ALL
THROUGH
AT
ITS
OMITTED AT ANY POINT WITHIN
ELECTRICAL AND PLUMBING SERVICES ARE
THE
OF
SIXTY FOOT DIMENSION;
MECHANICAL,
CHANNEL
AT EACH
FROM THESE COLUMN CLUSTERS SPAN A SERIES OF
BEAMS.
SERVICES.
THE SYSTEM, DICTATES THE
PENETRATE
OF THE SPACE MADE AVAILABLE BY THE CANTED
LINES STAND
VESSELS TO THE ARTERIES
IN A RELATIONSHIP TO THE MAJOR
IN THE HUMAN
A
BODY.)
MORE DETAILED
THE STRUCTURAL-MECHANICAL RELATIONSHIP WILL OCCUR
IN A LATER
SECTION.
THE RESULTING STRUCTURE
OF THE
BUILDING CAN
CHANNEL COMBINATION.
ONLY
IN
THE SIXTY
EFFICIENT USE OF
IS SIMPLY
BE ACHIEVED AT ANY
TIME
BY REPEATING
BAYS.
THIS
FOOT DIMENSION.
IS LIMITED
THIS DIMENSION ALSO CORRESPONDS TO THE
PRESTRESSED CONCRETE.
IN EVOLVING THIS STRUCTURAL
EXPANSION
COLUMN, CAPITAL,
THE MAXIMUM UNINTERRUPTED HORIZONTAL SPACE
STRUCTURE AND THE MINIMUM NUMBER
(SEE PLANS).
FORMED BY A REPETITION OF
SPATIAL
FLEXIBILITY AND ECONOMY OF
OF SIMPLE ELEMENTS WERE OF PRIME
SYSTEM.
THE
30
BY
6o
BAY ALSO FOLLOWS
CONSIDERATION
THIS CRITERIA
f-
THE SPAN OF THE SECONDARY
MEMBERS,
30
FEET,
ALLOWS THE DESIGNER
VERTICAL SPACES OF ADEQUATE DIMENSION WITHOUT
UPON
AT
THE STRUCTURE.
THE
FLEXIBILITY
TO PROVIDE
IT
INITIAL PLANNING STAGES.
THEY BE
FORMED
INCLUDE
IMPOSING UNIQUE CONDITIONS
THESE SPACES MUST
IS HIGHLY
AFTER THE STRUCTURE HAS
TO
BE CONSIDERED
IMPRACTICAL TO CONSIDER THAT
BEEN COMPLETED, ALTHOUGH
IT
IS
POSSIBLE.
THE
COLUMN CLUSTER
IS
MADE UP OF
FOUR MAIN STRUCTURE SUPPORTING
BONDED TOGETHER TO FORM TWO MAIN STRUCTURAL
BETWEEN THESE ELEMENTS
IS A
6" WIDE
ADDITION, THERE ARE TWO FILLER
TO THE MECHANICAL
MIGHT BE MORE
DIFFICULT TO
INSIDE.
THERE
THESE ELEMENTS AND SERVICES COULD
6
ARE SECURED TOGETHER BY
CONTINUOUSLY TO ANGLES
IMBEDDED
SHAFT OR
TUBE,
9
25
SQ.FT.
IS USED
SQ.FT.,
IS
16
COLUMN.
STRUCTURAL.
BOX,
ETC. CAN BE LOCATED
THE CANTILEVER
CANTILEVER
ATTAINED;
IS MADE
SERVICES.
IS AVAILABLE
IN
ADDITION,
EACH
BARS WELDED
OF
CLUSTER, A VERTICAL
THE TOTAL
CROSS SECTIONAL
FOR MECHANICAL USE.
THE REMAINING
PIPING, DUCTWORK, ATTENUATORS,
DUCT CONNECTIONS)
FIRE EXTINGUISHER
BOXES,
MAIN
ELECTRIC
IN THIS VERTICAL VOID.
POSSIBLE BY THE USE OF
IN TWO DIRECTIONS AND
THIS
FOUR STEEL
THE SPACE FORMED BY THIS
ALL VERTICAL
ELECTRICAL CONDUIT, BRANCH
TO BE PROVIDED.
IN THE CAPITAL CROSS MEMBER, ABUTTING ALSO
FOR MECHANICAL
SQ.FT.
TUBE WOULD BE
TONS.
THE COLUMN AND CAPITAL
FROM THE ABOVE
MENTIONED PIECES
BE PREFABRICATED PRIOR TO ERECTION.
COLUMN CLUSTER WEIGHS APPROXIMATELY
AREA OF
IS A STRONG POSSIBILITY
A TUBE RATHER THAN THE BEFORE
THE ACCESS PANEL WOULD HAVE
THE BARS
IN
FOR RECEIVING PARTITIONING.
PRACTICAL EVEN THOUGH THE COLUMN CLUSTER
FORM AND
INCLUDED ALSO
PANELS, ONE OF WHICH SERVES AS AN ACCESS PANEL
EQUIPMENT LOCATED
THAT CASTING THE WHOLE UNIT AS
REVEAL
BEARING ELEMENTS.
ELEMENTS
THE COLUMN CAPITAL.
A 20
10 FEET IN THE OTHER TWO DIRECTIONS IS
IS ACCOMPLISHED WITHOUT ANY POST TENSIONING.
THE COLUMN
FOOT
CAPITAL
WITH
IS
THREE
SECURED
20x25
IN ONE PIECE,
UNIT, CONSISTING OF
TAPERED ARMS RUNNING
PERPENDICULAR
BY CONTINUOUSLY WELDING
FOUR STEEL
TWO MAIN CROSS GIRDERS
TO THE
GIRDERS.
THIS UNIT
BARS TO THE ANGLES
IMBEDDED
IS
INSIDE
THE COLUMN CLUSTER.
USING THESE COLUMN CAPITALS
TO
35'
ALSO CUTS DOWN THE REQUIRED SPAN LENGTH FROM
BY UTILIZING THE CAPITAL
GIRDERS ARE NEEDED
ARMS NEGATIVE MOMENT.
ALSO,
BETWEEN CAPITALS THUS REDUCING THE
55'
NO FILLER
NUMBER OF STRUCTURAL
ELEMENTS TO AN ABSOLUTE MINIMUM OF COLUMNS, CAPITALS AND CHANNELS.
FORMING
COLUMN -
FORMING OF
THE FACTORY AND
BE MORE
IN
COLUMN
IS A RELATIVELY SIMPLE
IF CAST AS A TUBE,
THE FACTORY.
THE
HANDLED
THE EXTERIOR, EITHER
IS DONE
IN
IT WOULD PROBABLY
THE COLUMN TUBE WOULD
SO THAT THE FORM
THEREFORE
COULD BE PULLED.
SMOOTH, RETARDED, OR BUSH-HAMMER,
COLUMN CAPITALS WOULD BE
DECIDED DUE TO THE
IN PIECES.
MANY CONNECTIONS
THE
COULD BE
EXPOSED TO VIEW.
THEREFORE,
IT
TO BE
BE PAID TO
THAT WOULD HAVE TO
CASTINGS
IS
THIS WAS
BE MADE
THAT VIRTUALLY NONE OF
IS AN ALMOST STRICTLY
PAID TO THE FINISH OF
THE FORMWORK HOWEVER
TO HAVE ENOUGH SMALL,
NOT TO CHIP OR
PROXIMITY
THE SITE.
CASTING
IT
THE
CAPITAL
IS
INTERNAL STRUCTURAL ELEMENT.
OTHER THAN BASIC DIMENSIONAL AND TOLERANCE CONSIDERATIONS LITTLE
ATTENTION HAS
BE
CAST ON
THE ONE GREAT ADVANTAGE OF THIS CASTING OVER OTHER USUALLY
PROBLEMATICAL ON SITE
SHOULD
IT
QUITE EASILY.
COLUMN CAPITALS -
SHOULD
IF
CONSEQUENTLY SLIP FORMING WOULD BE
CORNERS OF
HAVE TO HAVE CONSIDERABLE BEVEL
FINISH ON
TASK
IN FOUR BASIC PIECES AS DESCRIBED BEFORE.
EFFICIENT
NECESSARY
THE
GREAT ATTENTION
AND CONSIDERABLE
CARE MUST
BE TAKEN
REMOVABLE STEEL OR WOOD-PLASTIC-FACED PIECES SO AS
CRACK THE
CAPITAL
IN REMOVING THE FORMWORK.
GIVEN TO STABILIZATION OF THE
TO CRANE
THE PIECE.
BOOM LOCATION.
CAPITAL
ALSO CONSIDERATION
DURING ERECTION AND
CASTING
CHANNEL
-
THE CHANNEL,
12
A MAXIMUM OF
PER
CASTING FACTORY;
CARE NECESSARY
WOULD BE
SET
55'
BEING
CHANNEL,
IS
LONG AND
10'
WIDE WITH
CAST CROSS DIAPHRAMS
NOT AN EASY OPERATION EVEN
BUT THE ADVANTAGE GAINED, AS OUTLINED,
IN MAKING FORMWORK FOR TTHIS ELEMENT.
INTO AN
EARTH OR
SAND FORM
A
A
IN AN UP TO DATE
IS
WORTH THE EXTRA
SERIES OF STEEL
IN THE RAISED FLOOR
LEAVING THE
DIAPHRAM VOIDS EXPOSED.
EACH PAN
THE EARTH FORM AND CONTROLLED FROM.THE OUTSIDE.
IN
MECHANICAL DIFFUSER
ONLY AFTER ALL
SIDE PIECES
FOR
BOOTS
THAT ARE CAST
PIECES ARE STABILIZED
ADDED.
THE ELEMENT
IS
FORMING, THE
A DIMENSION OF TWO PANS OR
10
REMOVED.
IS
ONE
CHANNEL
DAY
ELEMENT
ADDED.
ARE THE UNITIZED, REINFORCED
CANTED
AND VIBRATED AND
AFTER REMOVING THE
PANS
THIS
IS
THAT THE
END OF
THE
THREE TO FOUR
STRATIFIED SWIVEL
COULD BE MADE
NOW LOADED FOR DELIVERY.
FORMS ARE SET ON,
TRUCK
BED.
TO THE SITE,
SET UPS DURING THE
THE
WOULD LIFT THE
ELEMENTS
TO THE MOBILITY OF
IS
FARYING THE
2-
1
IN HEIGHT
TO THE LONG AXIS OF
BE EASILY STACKED, ONE UNDER THE OTHER,
APPROXIMATELY FOUR
DELIVERING
DELIVERY TIME
FROM
DONE TO
CHANNEL.
BY
APPROXIMATELY
THE TRUCKS PERPENDICULAR
UNITS CAN
ADDED
THEN TWO TRUCK CABS WITH
15
TO
20
PROVIDED THE SITE WAS WITHIN REASONABLE DISTANCE)
DUE
THE TOP
THE EARTH FORM
CAN BE REMOVED.
FEET AT EACH END.
IS
EACH TABLE AND BY LOADING
THE CHANNEL,
ON A
THEN THE
SECURED TO THE TRUCK BEDS AND THE REMAINDER OF THE EART FORM
FLOOR TABLE HEIGHT
FOR
BE PLACED UNDER
IN THE DIAPHRAMS WOULD BE
ADJUSTABLE BED HEIGHTS CAN BE LOCATED UNDER EACH
ELEMENT
TABLE LEVEL,
VIBRATOR WOULD
THEN POURED
LEVELING AND FINISHING PURPOSES.
UNDER THE PANS USED FOR
SMALL
PANS
WERE ON SCHEDULE.
TO FIVE
CHANNEL
AND THE
TRIPS PER
ELEMENTS,
PLANT FORMING
UPON DELIVERY THE
INTO PLACE WITHOUT HAVING TO RE-POSITION
TRUCK DELIVERY WITHIN
IDEAL
BOOM DISTANCE.
ITS
CRANE
BASE
F-
FEED SUB-SUPPLY DUCTS WHICH ENTER THE
INTERVAL
AND THE
10
BAY AT
THE ELECTRICAL
INTERVALS,
IS LOCATED AT
FORMING A
CLUSTER,
WIDE CONTINUOUS PLUMBING SECTOR OR RACEWAY EVERY
LENGTH OF THE
FLOOR RUNNER CHANNELS
IN THE
IS
1O FEET FROM THE EDGE OF THE COLUMN
60
25
10 FOOT
FOOT
FEET WITH ACCESS AT
DUE TO THE FREQUENT OCCURRENCE OF VERTICAL SHAFTS, THE
EVERY CHANNEL.
HORIZONTAL SUPPLY RUNS ARE REDUCED.
THE
EFFICIENCY OF
ORGANIZATION PROMOTES MAXIMUM FLEXIBILITY BY MINIMAL MEANS.
WHILE ALL AIR SUPPLY
SERVICES MUST
OPENINGS
IS CARRIED WITHIN THE CEILING OF A
FROM THE
BE REACHED
IN THE
CHANNEL
THE DIAPHRAM LOCATED
FILLER
FLOOR.
THIS
IS
SPACE)
THE OTHER
FACILITATED BY REGULAR
SPACES AND FLOOR RACE WAY
ACCESS PANELS.
IN THE CHANNELS PERFORMS MANY FUNCTIONS:
BETWEEN ROOMS.
1) IT
SERVES AS
2) IT
CONTAINS THE FLUORESCENT LIGHT BALLAST
AN ACOUSTIC
CONVENIENCE OUTLETS
BAFFLE
AND ALSO WIRING FOR
SINCE A PARTITION CAN BE LOCATED UNDER EVERY
DIAPHRAM.
3) IT
CONTAINS THE REHEAT
CONTROL
MODULE FOR
MAXIMUM SPACE TEMPERATURE
AND ALSO MAY CONTAIN A THERMOSTAT CONTROL
INDIVIDUAL
4)
COIL
OUTLET
FOR
SPACE OR GROUPED SECTOR CONTROL.
IT CONTAINS A BOOT PLUG IN RECEIVER FOR ACTIVATION OF A SUPPLY
AND A RETURN
5) ITALSO
TYPICAL
DIFFUSER.
SERVES TO STABILIZE THE
CHANNEL DURING ERECTION.
10 WIDE,
FOOT
OF THE STRUCTURA SYSTEM
THE PLUMBING AND WATER SUPPLY
DIAPHRAMS.
AND CHANNEL
10
IN THE SPACE OF THE SLOPING OR
(SUPPLY AND RETURN) ARE LOCATED
CANTED SIDES OF THE CHANNEL.
THE
INTERVALS.
FOOT
CORRESPONDS TO THE WIDTH OF EVERY CHANNEL
DUCTS
SUPPLY DUCTS THEN
THESE
BETWEEN THE GIRDER PAIRS OF THE COLUMN CAPITAL.
55
LONG,
2
THICK,
MECHANICAL SYSTEM
THE MECHANICAL SYSTEM CONSISTS OF A SINGLE DUCT
CLUSTER;
IN EACH COLUMN
BRANCH DUCTS
THE MAIN
THE AIR
DUCTS.
SYSTEM WITH AN ATTENUATOR
1200
TO
CFM
IN BRANCH
FEEDER DUCTS AND SUB-FEEDER
COMING
FROM THE SUB BRANCH.
THIS
DIAPHRAM WHICH ARE LOCATED AT A MINIMUM DISTANCE OF
TEMPERATURE CONTROL
AND ANY CAN BE
LEFT OUT ON ANY
DIFFUSER
BUT THAT WILL
ELECTRICAL SERVICES,
AIR SYSTEM
BETWEEN
10'
IT
ALL
CARRIES
FRESH AIR
IN THE UPPER
FROM THE
IS EXHAUSTED
AIR
LOADS MAY
AT HIGH
LOCATED
OR MAIN
OUTPUT OF
IN PROBLEM AREAS.
MACHINES DOWN
BRANCH
INTO
IS
IS
THE
LATER.
INTERLOCKS
SUPPLY AIR RETURN CONTROL
IN THE OTHER DIRECTION, WHICH
EVERY
IS ALSO
IS
HOUSED
FLOORS
IN
OF THE
THE TWO STORY MECHANICAL
BUILDING.
AT THE
THIS
EQUIPMENT
PERIMETER OF THE
STRUCTURE.
EACH
VELOCITY DIRECTLY ABOVE THE MACHINES.
BAY THROUGH THE
ENTIRE HEIGHT OF THE STRUCTURE.
THESE UNITS ALLOWS GREAT FLEX1BILITY AND ECONOMY.
BE ACCOMMODATED
REQUIRING TOTAL
MAXIMUM
5'
INTERVAL OF
IN MORE DETAIL
COVERED
INTAKE HEADS
UNIT SERVICES ONE STRUCTURAL
DECENTRALIZATION OF
5'
FOR
AND THE SMALLEST PROGRAMMED SPACE.
THE AIR HANDLING EQUIPMENT
LOCATED
BE
THAT THERE
AND EVERY
IN ONE DIRECTION
BRIDGE",
USED
3 ) SO
(SEE PAGE
THE BUILDING MODULE
5' APART
REVERSE OF THE AIR SUPPLY SYSTEM AND
IS
INTO THE
IS CAST
ALSO WITHIN THE DIAPHRAM ARE LOCATED
LOCATED.
IS
TUBE
AT THE END OF THE DIAPHRAM BOOT
DEPENDING ON THE PLANNING CIRCUMSTANCE.
RETURN
IN
CFM AIR
IS THEN DIFFUSED TO THE VARIOUS SIZED SPACES BY MEANS OF
A BOOT SHAPED TUBE
A ROOM CONTROL
5000
THAT REDUCES THE VELOCITY OF THE
AT SPECIFIC POINTS WITHIN
THE SYSTEM BY THE USE OF
MAJOR AIR SUPPLY
THE STRUCTURE WITHIN THE
"TAPPED" AT EACH
FLOOR
PEAK
THE BUILDING WITHOUT
SMALL REHEAT
COILS
ARTERIES FEED DIRECTLY FROM THESE
COLUMN CLUSTERS.
THIS ARTERY
BY HORIZONTAL SUPPLY DUCTS
TRAVELING
SPACE FOR
PERIMETER
THE
WITH WINDOW GASKET REVEAL
UNIT TO THE
THIS
SILL TO FORM THE WINDOW UNIT.
THE
COMBINES WITH
ALL
FLOOR.
COMPLETE
IS
ELEMENT
IMBEDDED ANCHORING ANGLE FOR WELDING THE
AND
AND THE IEAVY
ELEMENTS ARE NON-STRUCTURAL
THESE
DIFFERENTIATION
INDICATE
THEIR EXTERIOR SURFACE WOULD
TACTILE QUALITY OF
THE LAST UNIT
PASS THROUGH.
MECHANICAL SYSTEM TO
THE STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS HAVING A COMPARATIVELY SMOOTH
BETWEEN THE TWO,
SURFACE.
INTERIOR PARTITIONING
ALL
10
INTERIOR
PARTITION
IS
SO) TO HAVE LOUVERS OR
ROOM A BETTER
DOORS AND WALL
DIAPHRAM
THE LIKE AT THE 8
PROPORTION.
IS ADAPTED
BETWEEN THE
2
THE
7
FEET
INTO A ONE
CHANNEL
THE
OF MATERIAL TYPES OF
THE WALL
FILLER
OR
BOTH
IN HEIGHT.
FOOT DEEP
BAND
THE
NON-ACTIVATED
AND THE
CRITERION FOR
THE 0
FOOT
CONTINUITY OF
THE
UNIT ABOVE
FOOT GLAZED PANEL OR
THIS SYSTEM ALSO OFFERS MAXIMUM FLEXIBILITY FOR
THE PARTITION.
(IOXIO
CEILING LEVEL GIVING THE
TO ATTAIN VISUAL
THE DESIRE
BY THE USE OF
BE
IN SMALL SPACES
THAT WOULD ALSO RECEIVE
THE GLASS.
TO RECEIVE
PARTITION HEIGHT RESTS ON
STRUCTURAL SYSTEM
TIE
WOOD-CLAD) MEMBER
THE AREA
BOTH
FOOT
ALL DOORS WOULD
FILLER PARTITION PANELS
THAT WOULD BE A STEEL,
GLASS ABOVE.
ENABLES CEILINGS
THIS
FOOT CEILING HEIGHT.
IN HEIGHT, WITH GLASS ABOVE TO THE
EIGHT FEET
SELECTION
PANELS.
ACOUSTIC
TECTUM TREATMENT
THE DIAPHRAMS
IS
USED ON THE
BLOCK SOUND
THE
PAN FORMS
FROM ROOM TO ROOM.
AREAS POSSIBLE AND PRACTICAL.
CEILING ON THE GIRDER AREAS.
MECHANICAL AS WELL.
TOP OF
CARPETING
TECTUM PANELS ARE
THIS
NOT ONLY
IN
THE
ELEMENTS.
THROUGHOUT ALL
ALSO THE
FLOOR
AND
SOFTENS AMBIENT NOISE
SPECIAL ACOUSTIC TREATMENT SHOULD BE
BUT
LOCATED AROUND
ERECTION AND CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE
ONE OF THE
PRIME CONSIDERATIONS
USE OF THE
CRANE.
IN
IN ERECTION
THE POSITIONING AND EFFICIENT
IS
THIS CASE A ROLLING CRANE
IS USED OF
LOAD LIFTING CAPACITY WHICH COULD EFFICIENTLY LIFT TO A
ABOUT
|I TONS,
MAXIMUM HEIGHT OF THE
THE
32
TON MAXIMUM
FIVE STORY HEIGHT
BUILDING.
STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS ARE DESIGNED SO THAT THEY COINCIDE WITH THE EFFICIENT
100
APPROXIMATELY
IS
PROCEDURE
WEIGHT
2)
COLUMN CAPITAL -
WEIGHT
BE
4)
BAY,
CRANE
AS FOLLOWS:
COLUMN CLUSTER -
CHANNEL
AT EITHER
THE
FEET APART DUE TO THE CANTILEVER CONDITIONS.
1)
3) LARGE
60
ARE LOCATED ON OPPOSITE SIDES OF A
THE CRANES
USE OF THE CRANE.
UNITS -
END OF THE
6
TON APPROX.;
10
TON APPROX.;
15
WEIGHT
55
UNIT.
IN PLACE
LIFT
LIFT
TON APPROX.;
5
TO
15, 20
BY A SINGLE CRANE.
IN PLACE BY A SINGLE CRANE.
LIFT
BY
2
CRANES
CANTILEVER CHANNEL
SIMULTANEOUSLY
UNITS
CAN
LIFTED BY A SINGLE CRANE.
ALL OTHER
CLUSTER
ELEMENTS WITH THE EXCEPTION OF MACHINERY AND ASSEMBLY COLUMN
SERVICES ARE MAN SIZE UNITS TO
BE HANDLED
BY CONSTRUCTION
PERSONNEL.
FOR
CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE
SEE PAGE
10
EXTERIOR WALL ELEMENTS
THE EXTERIOR WALL
CORE OF RIGID
MEMBERS, WHILE
ATIONS.
INSULATION.
ELEMENTS,
ANOTHER
OF PRECAST CONCRETE POURED AROUND A
THIS ACTS TO LIGHTEN THE WEIGHT OF THE
STILL RETAINING
THERE ARE FOUR
THE SOLID WALL
HEIGHT.
ELEMENTS ARE MADE
THE DESIRED DIMENSIONS FOR VISUAL
BASIC EXTERIOR WALL ELEMENTS.
ANOTHER FORMS THE
ONE
INDIVIDUAL
CONSIDER-
COMBINES TO FORM
PARAPET EDGE WHICH
SIMILAR UNIT FORMS THE WINDOW SILL UNIT BASE
IS
3'-O"
ALLOWING
IN
ATTENUATOR AND MECHANICAL
SPECIAL ATTENTION ALSO SHOULD BE
MACHINERY.
CUTS)
PAID TO SOUND LEAKS AS AT DOOR UNDER
DETAILING,
ONE WAY
ACOUSTICAL
GASKETING, ETC.
STRUCTURE.
SOUND
BORROWED LIGHT, GLASS TO
CONTROL
IS
FAR
TRANSMISSION) THEREFORE,
GLASS
EASIER WITHIN THE
IS POSSIBLE ONLY
IN
ONE DIRECTION.
LIGHTING
BE
THE LIGHTING ELEMENTS WOULD
ELECTRIC LIGHTING WIRING
AND
INTENSITY CAN BE
MODULE SECTOR.
4-40
APPROXIMATELY EVERY
SPECIAL
TASKS.
THE BALLAST
VARYING FOOT CANDLE
THE TASK PERFORMED
IN
THAT
AN EXAMPLE OF ONE LUMINAIRE SECTOR SYSTEM WOULD BE
66
FOOT CANDLES WHICH
DISTRIBUTION
AND GIVES EVEN LIGHT
BE
IN THE DIAPHRAM.
LOCATED
INCORPORATED DEPENDING ON
WATT LAMPS PRODUCING
DEVICES MAY
EXPOSED FLUORESCENT TUBES WITH
7
FEET ON
MOST SPACES.
IN
CENTER.
ALSO
INCORPORATED EASILY WHERE
(SEE PAGE
9.)
IS
REASONABLY EFFICIENT
THESE WOULD OCCUR
VARIOUS REFLECTOR AND LOUVERING
NEEDED TO EFFICIENTLY LIGHT
THIS SYSTEM HAS
EASE OF
MAINTENANCE AND
MAXIMUM FLEXIBILITY.
IN CONCLUSION,
THIS SYSTEM SEEMS
TO ANSWER
THESE FOUR
BASIC BUILDING
PROBLEMS:
1) A
2)
STRUCTURAL SYSTEM OF ELEMENTAL SIMPLICITY, DICTATED BY
PRECAST AND PRESTRESSED
CONCRETE.
THE SYSTEMATIZATION AND
INTEGRATION OF STRUCTURE
3) A
STRUCTURE
4) A
SYSTEM OF SPACES
CAPABLE OF UNLIMITED
THE DEMANDS OF
AND MECHANICAL SERVICES.
EXPANSION.
PROVIDING HORIZONTAL
AND VERTICAL FLEXIBILITY.
SECTION
THRU
UNITDIAPHRAM
WLlDING
EDGE
DETAILS OF CROSS SECTION
1/2
MASTEROF ARCHITECTURE
JUNE 1965-1966
R. MICHAEL SCHNEIDER
AN INTEGRATED BUILDING SYSTEM
M. 1.
T.
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JUNE 1965-1966
AN
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MASTER OF ARCHITECTURE
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R. MICHAEL SCHNEIDER
AN INTEGRATED BUILDING SYSTEM
M. 1.T
CONSTRUCT ION SEQUENCE
I) PREPARE
SITE;
POUR
FOOTINGS AND SET COLUMNS.*
2)
PLACE
3)
SET NEXT COLUMN, GROUT AND WELD CONNECTIONS.*
1)
SET MAIN
COLUMN CAPITALS
STRUCTURE
5)
6)
FLOOR
IS
(COMPLETE THIS
UNITS AND ANCHORS.
(REPEAT SEQUENCE UNTIL
ALL
COMPLETED.)
INSTALL ALL DUCT WORK, ELECTRIC
INSTALL'TECTUM GIRDER FLOOR
7)
ADD EDGE CONDITION UNITS.
8)
COMPLETE EXTERIOR SKIN.
*
SEQUENCE FOR EACH FLOOR).
BOXES AND RUNNER CHANNELS.
PANELS AND CEILING PANELS.
(REPEAT SEQUENCE.)
REMEMBER TO SET COLUMN STABILIZERS WHILE ERECTING COLUMN
COMPONENTS.
BUILDING SECTIONTHRU 3OFT BAY DIRECTION
1/16
MASTEROF ARCHITECTURE
JUNE 1965-1966
AN INTEGRATED BUILDING SYSTEM
R.
MICHAEL SCHNEIDER
M.IT.
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1/16
MASTEROF ARCHITECTURE
JUNE 1965-1966
AN INTEGRATED BUILDING SYSTEM
R. MICHAEL SCHNEIDER
M.I.T
PLUMBING
LONGITUDINAL SECTION
1/2
MASTER OF ARCHITECTURE
R. MICHAEL
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AN INTEGRATED
JUNE 1965 -1966
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MASTEROF ARCHITECTURE
JUNE 1%5-196
AN INTEGRATED BUILDING SYSTEM
R. MICHAEL SCHNEIDER
M.I1.T
1/16
MASTEROF ARCHITECTURE
JUNE 1965-1966
AN INTEGRATED BUILDING SYSTEM
R. MICHAEL SCHNEIDER
M. .T.
BUILDING
EDGE
DETAILS OF CROSS SECTION
1/2
MASTEROF ARCHITECTURE
JUNE 1965-1%6
AN INTEGRATED BUILDING SYSTEM
R. MICHAEL SCHNEIDER
M. LT
I
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1/2
MASTEROF ARCHITECTURE
JUNE 1965-1966
AN INTEGRATED BUILlDING SYSTEM
R
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