Map Composition &
Module 8
OR
Making a Cool
map
Steps to Creating a Map
• Define the Purpose of the map
– Audience? Professionals? Lay public?
– How will map be used?
• Restate into a design problem
• Design solution - arrangement of map’s
image elements to facilitate communication
– Sort of an outline
• Graphic design
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esf Laboratory for Applied GIS
Steps to Creating a Map
• Define the Purpose of the map
– Audience?
Professionals? Lay public?
– How will map be used?
– Which elements of map do you want the
viewer to notice first?
• The inset map? The main map? The legend?
– This is the map hierarchy (or order)
– Design some parts to be like background
while other, more important features
are foreground
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The Well Designed Map…
• Has a single purpose!
• Size of paper and map scale determine the
level of detail
• You cannot simply blow up a map from 8.5-11 to
something that would hang on the wall.
• A small map size will limit detail
• A large map viewed from a distance has same problem
• Reader must be able to easily interpret
features
• Reader should be able to instantaneously
understand the maps message
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Map Elements used in design
•
•
•
•
•
Main map
Smaller scale inset maps showing location
Larger scale inset maps showing detail
Title of the map (usually prominent)
Legend everything on the map and no
entries that are not on the map
• Scale graphic (bar) scale only
• North Arrow
• Metadata source, projection, date etc.
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Map Elements used in design
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Graticule
Various text (notes, metadata, etc.)
Borders and neatlines
Symbols
Place names and labels
Photographs, Graphics
Mapped and unmapped areas (white space)
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Mapped Area
Title
Legend
Border
Neatline
Graticule
Unmapped Area
Scale
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Purpose,
metadata
Credits
7
The elements one-by-one
• Title
– Draws attention by virtue of its size (big!)
– Focuses attention on primary purpose of
content of map
– Not always needed
• Legend
– Principle reference to symbology
– MUST be there (usually)
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The elements one-by-one
• Scale
– A MUST!
– Types
• graphic -- the bar
• verbal -- 1” = 1 mile (watch this one)
• a ratio 1/24,000 (this one too)
– Because of ubiquitous nature of Xerox
machines the graphic scale is a must,
the others are optional
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The elements one-by-one
• Credits
– another, older, term for metadata
– Some metadata can be placed on map
• Data source
• Statement of accuracy, both spatial and
attribute
• Date data collected, date map made
• Your name, assignment # etc…
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The elements one-by-one
• Credits
– another, older, term for metadata
– Some metadata can be placed on map
• Data source
• Statement of accuracy, both spatial and
attribute
• Date data collected, date map made
• Your name, assignment # etc…
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The elements one-by-one
• Mapped and unmapped areas
– Objects, land, water, and other
geographical features important to the
purpose of the map
– makes the composition a map rather than
a diagram
– The most prominent map element
• Graticule & Grids
– Graticule – geographic coordinates
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The elements one-by-one
• Borders and neatlines
– Borders serve to restrain eye movement and
focus attention on the map. A Border
surrounds all the elements of a map.
– A fill color can substitute for a border
– Neatlines are:
•
•
•
•
finer than borders
drawn inside borders
mainly decoration
Used to highlight objects (like legends) and to help
balance a map
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Borders or Not
• A heavy border works better than a
thin border
Location of St, Louis
Location of St, Louis
Legend
Legend
-adf asdf
-adf asdf
adfafffdsf
adfafffdsf
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Borders or Not
• A dark fill works better than a light
fill in establishing a border
Location of St, Louis
Location of St, Louis
Legend
Legend
-adf asdf
-adf asdf
adfafffdsf
adfafffdsf
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The elements one-by-one
• Symbology
– Probably the most important part of the map
• (object placement is probably the second most
important part)
– Remember that this is the basic tool in
constructing the map’s message
– And these make the Legend a very important
part of the map.
– REMEMBER COLORBREWER!!!
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Symbology
• Symbology (points)
– can be point symbols with different
sizes, colors, and patterns
– In ArcGIS the data will determine
where the point will be
– The designer can
• Tell ArcGIS where to put the names (labels)
• And can handle things like label conflicts
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Symbology
• Area and line features
• Data controls placemen
– In electronic maps anyway –
generalization can cause problems
• The designer controls
• Style
• Color and/or
• Classification
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Aside
 In Exercise 8 the school polys were so small
it was hard to make them stand out.
 Solution: Make a point layer and put a point
in each school parcel.
 Assign one of the school point symbols to
the points and make them big.
 The school symbol is in the ESRI symbol
palette for points
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The elements one-by-one
• Place names and labels
– Primary means of communicating to user
– Orients user on map
– Can provide important info re map
purpose
– These can be labels or annotation
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Composition
• You have all the data
• You have the symbolization plan
• Now you have to visualize the map
– A creative process
– Trial and error process
•
•
•
•
•
Where to put borders, neatlines
What style of borders, neatlines
Where does the legend go?
The title
And so on
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Composition
• Purpose of composition
– Forces designer or organize the visual
material
– Stresses the purpose of the map
– Directs the users attention
– Develops an aesthetic approach for the
map
– This is an iterative process
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Composition: Planar Organization
• Balance
– visual impact of arrangement
• is the map “heavy” at top, bottom, sides???
Visual center:
5% of total
height above
Geometric center -Arrange content
around
this point
Geometric
center
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Visual weight
• Depends on location
– obj weight increases with distance from center
– obj at top are heavier than those at bottom
– obj on right are heavier than those on left
• Depends on size (Duh!)
• Depends on color, interest, and isolation
– Red>Blue, Bright>dark
– complex > simple
– isolated > groups
• For Example …
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Which is better balanced?
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Balance and placement
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Unequal divisions of space more
interesting than equal divisions
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Movement of reader’s eye - upper left to lower right
Focus
Field
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Using Eye Movement
Eye goes left to right
Generally you want the reader to see the map
BEFORE seeing the legend – can’t always do it
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•St. Louis too far from
visual center, balance
not bad, however
•Hard to read name
Better, but a heavy on right
Balance with legend etc.
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31
Location of St, Louis
Legend
-adf asdf
adfafffdsf
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Location of St, Louis
Don’t
really need
since
countries
are labeled
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Size / white space problems
Is this a better balanced
map?
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Text
• Use mixture of upper and lower case
• ALL UPPER CASE IS HARDER TO READ
• Use sans serif text
• No fancy fonts
• Big print for important stuff
•
Little print for not so important stuff
• Use only 2 font families – usually one serif and one sans serif.
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Using Color
• Color is complex and tricky
• There are definite color preferences
• There are definite color combination
preferences
• There are standard color codes (like
for planning)
• The map should NOT be garish!
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So
• Creating a map is like creating a
document for a specific purpose -- to
communicate something to the reader
• It is an iterative process
• There are some basic rules or guides
that can be used – described above an
in the on-line course module.
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Summary of Guidelines
1) Map layout – where are the pieces going to go
– major pieces – visual center – eye path –
uneven juxtaposition of parts
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The map area and what’s in it
Legend placement (usually to right of map)
Scale bar, North Arrow
Balance
White space
2) Map Title – Large – may not be needed
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Summary of Guidelines
3) Credits (Metadata) usually present
4) For FOR357/557- Author’s name,
Exercise #, & date!
5) Borders and neatlines.
a) Border around ALL map pieces or solid fill
b) Neatlines (or fill) around (in) various pieces
6)
Color – tricky – but not garish!
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Lewis Roads and Hydro
4
0
4
8
12
16 Miles
Rdlewis
Hylew
Blew
N
W
E
S
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LewisLewis
Roads
and
Roads and
Hydro Hydro
Rdlewis
Hylew
Blew
Blah balh blah
Blah blah blah
4
Blah blah blah
10
0
0
4
8
12
16 Miles
Rdlewis
10 Miles
Hylew
Blew
N
N
W
E
W
S
E
S
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Lewis is hard to
work with
because of its
shapeThis is only good
place for a legend
Have to be
careful because if
used neatlines the
map would be
heavy on the left!
Lewis Roads and Hydro
State & Cnty Highways
Hydrology
Lewis
County
Hydrology
Rdlewis
Hylew
Blew
Blah balh blah
Blah blah blah
Blah blah blah
N
10
0
10 Miles
W
E
S
By Eustis B. Nifkin , Inc. Syracuse NY 10/10/05
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Lewis Roads and Hydro
State & Cnty Highways
Hydrology
Lewis
County
Hydrology
Rdlewis
Hylew
Blew
Blah balh blah
Blah blah blah
Blah blah blah
10
0
10 Miles
This map illustrates the a;dj;fa
N
a;dljf a;dlfj aljdf a;sdf asdjf
a;sdufdafdsf paseuef a;df;a ap[ef
a;sduf asdfo aosdf [asdfi asdoif
W
E
a[dsf [asdifdfi asdifd asdf
S
By Eustis B. Nifkin , Inc. Syracuse NY 10/10/05
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Lewis Roads and Hydro
N
W
E
S
10
0
Blah balh blah Blah blah blah
Blah blah blah Blah blah blah
Blah blah blah Blah blah blah
10
20 Miles
State Highways
Rivers/Streams
Lewis County
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Lewis Roads
and Hydro
N
W
E
S
State Highways
Rivers/Streams
Lewis County
Blah balh blah Blah blah blah
Blah blah blah Blah blah blah
Blah blah blah Blah blah blah
10
0
10 Miles
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Table Editing
• Can do in ArcMap
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Open table
In “options” select Add Field
Make field short integer (5 maybe)
Click ok
Click in new field header
Click “Calculate values”
You will get warning – usual answer is Yes
Get window like …
46
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How to save maps
• File>Export
.Png is
recommended for
import into word
• GIF is good for
web
• PDF is good
generally if using
Adobe
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emf 300 dpi
229Kb
emf 400 dpi
234Kb
HARRISVILLE
£
¤
3
HARRISVILLE
£
¤
3
DIANA
DIANA
£
¤
£
¤
812
812
CROGHAN
£
¤ £
¤
126
N
DE
CROGHAN
410
12
W
LO
177
WATSON
£
¤
MARTINSBURG
E
VI
12
MONTAGUE
LOWVILLE
26
WATSON
£
¤
MARTINSBURG
GREIG
£
¤
NEW BREMEN
LL
£
¤
HA
LOWVILLE
126
£
¤
£
¤
177
MONTAGUE
26
E
NE
CK
PI
VI
LO
W
HA
£
¤
£
¤ £
¤
K
LL
Y
NEW BREMEN
E
RR
£
¤
12
AR
CROGHAN
LL
IS
VI
NE
12
GREIG
£
¤
26
TURIN
TURIN
LYONS FALLS
OSCEOLA
LYONS FALLS
LYONSDALE
WEST TURIN
PORT LEYDEN
¤
£
¤ £
OSCEOLA
LYONSDALE
WEST TURIN
PORT LEYDEN
¤
£
¤ £
12
CONSTABLEVILLE
12
CONSTABLEVILLE
12D
YD
YD
EN
EN
12D
LEWIS
£
¤
LE
LE
CK
PI
410
LL
Y
E
£
¤
M
VI
A
CROGHAN
IS
NM
26
RR
DE
RK
26
LEWIS
£
¤
26
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emf 300 dpi
229Kb
emf
Emf
600dpi
400 dpi
237Kb
234Kb
HARRISVILLE
£
¤
3
HARRISVILLE
£
¤
3
DIANA
DIANA
£
¤
£
¤
812
812
CROGHAN
£
¤ £
¤
126
N
DE
CROGHAN
MONTAGUE
£
¤
LL
410
12
E
177
WATSON
£
¤
MARTINSBURG
W
HA
VI
12
MONTAGUE
LOWVILLE
26
WATSON
£
¤
MARTINSBURG
GREIG
£
¤
NEW BREMEN
LL
£
¤
£
¤
177
LOWVILLE
126
LO
PI
VI
LO
W
HA
£
¤
26
E
CK
NE
Y
NEW BREMEN
E
RR
£
¤
12
£
¤ £
¤
RK
CROGHAN
LL
IS
VI
NE
12
GREIG
£
¤
26
TURIN
TURIN
LYONS FALLS
OSCEOLA
LYONS FALLS
LYONSDALE
WEST TURIN
PORT LEYDEN
¤
£
¤ £
OSCEOLA
LYONSDALE
WEST TURIN
PORT LEYDEN
¤
£
¤ £
12
CONSTABLEVILLE
12
CONSTABLEVILLE
12D
YD
YD
EN
EN
12D
LEWIS
£
¤
LE
LE
CK
PI
410
LL
Y
E
£
¤
MA
VI
A
CROGHAN
IS
NM
26
RR
DE
RK
26
LEWIS
£
¤
26
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600 dpi
300 dpi
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Things I discovered
• The next maps you see took several
hours for the basic map
• A really good map takes time
• Turning on labels is ok but you have
no control (or limited control)
• Convert to annotation allows individual
manipulation of the labels
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• The basic map
as it appears in
map view
• Questions
DIANA
£
¤
812
CROGHAN
DE
NM
A
£
¤ £
¤
RK
26
126
CROGHAN
410
NEW BREMEN
E
RR
£
¤
£
¤
LO
W
HA
VI
12
LL
IS
VI
NE
LL
Y
E
£
¤
177
MONTAGUE
LOWVILLE
WATSON
£
¤
MARTINSBURG
12
GREIG
£
¤
26
TURIN
LYONS FALLS
OSCEOLA
LYONSDALE
WEST TURIN
PORT LEYDEN
¤
£
¤ £
12
CONSTABLEVILLE
12D
LE
YD
EN
• Lewis is a bad
shape because
of upper left
3
CK
Legend
Title
N arrow
Scale bar
Metadata
Neatlines
£
¤
PI
–
–
–
–
–
–
HARRISVILLE
LEWIS
£
¤
26
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Making a map
• The basic map w/
title and N arrow
• Where’s the edge?
• It was saved as
Transparent
Lewis County, NY: Towns and Villages
HARRISVILLE
-
£
¤
3
DIANA
£
¤
812
CROGHAN
DE
NM
AR
£
¤ £
¤
K
26
126
CROGHAN
PI
CK
N
EY
HA
RR
IS
VI
E
LL
£
¤
410
£
¤LOWVIL
LE
NEW BREMEN
12
£
¤
177
MONTAGUE
LOWVILLE
WATSON
£
¤
MARTINSBURG
12
GREIG
£
¤
26
TURIN
LYONS FALLS
OSCEOLA
LYONSDALE
WEST TURIN
PORT LEYDEN
¤
£
¤EN £
12
CONSTABLEVILLE
12D
LE
LEWIS
YD
£
¤
26
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Making a map
HARRISVILLE
-
£
¤
3
DIANA
£
¤
812
CROGHAN
DE
NM
£
¤ £
¤
K
AR
26
126
CROGHAN
E
£
¤
410
LL
Y
NEW BREMEN
LO
W
HA
VI
12
E
RR
£
¤
LL
IS
VI
NE
CK
PI
• The basic map w/
title and N arrow
• Where’s the edge?
• It was saved as
Transparent
Lewis County, NY: Towns and Villages
£
¤
177
LOWVILLE
0
2
4
8
£
¤
MARTINSBURG
MONTAGUE
WATSON
12
16
Miles
12
GREIG
£
¤
26
TURIN
LYONS FALLS
LYONSDALE
WEST TURIN
OSCEOLA
PORT LEYDEN
¤
£
¤ £
12
CONSTABLEVILLE
LE
YD
EN
12D
£
¤
26
LEWIS
0
esf Laboratory for Applied GIS
2
4
8
12
16
Miles
54
Making a map
Lewis County, NY: Towns and Villages
HARRISVILLE
-
£
¤
3
DIANA
£
¤
812
CROGHAN
DE
NM
AR
£
¤ £
¤
K
26
126
CROGHAN
E
£
¤
410
LL
Y
NEW BREMEN
LO
W
HA
VI
12
E
RR
£
¤
LL
IS
VI
NE
CK
PI
• Added more stuff
but background is
still transparent
• Balance does not
look too bad
£
¤
177
LOWVILLE
0
2
4
8
£
¤
MARTINSBURG
MONTAGUE
WATSON
12
16
Miles
12
GREIG
£
¤
26
TURIN
LYONS FALLS
LYONSDALE
WEST TURIN
OSCEOLA
PORT LEYDEN
¤
£
¤ £
12
CONSTABLEVILLE
YD
EN
12D
LE
This map shows
the Lewis County
Towns and Villages
served
by
State
hightways. It was generated
from 1998 NFLII data (towns)
and 2005 ALIS data. Map was
prepared by E.B. Nifkin and
Associates, Syracuse, NY
10/10/2005
£
¤
26
LEWIS
0
esf Laboratory for Applied GIS
2
4
8
12
16
Miles
55
Making a map
Lewis County, NY: Towns and Villages
HARRISVILLE
-
£
¤
3
812
CROGHAN
M
EN
AR
£
¤ £
¤
K
26
126
CROGHAN
E
VI
12
NEW BREMEN
LL
IS
VI
NE
RR
£
¤
LO
W
HA
£
¤
177
LOWVILLE
0
2
4
8
£
¤
MARTINSBURG
MONTAGUE
WATSON
12
16
Miles
12
GREIG
£
¤
26
TURIN
LYONS FALLS
LYONSDALE
WEST TURIN
OSCEOLA
PORT LEYDEN
¤
£
¤ £
12
CONSTABLEVILLE
YD
EN
12D
This map shows
the Lewis County
Towns and Villages
served
by
State
hightways. It was generated
from 1998 NFLII data (towns)
and 2005 ALIS data. Map was
prepared by E.B. Nifkin and
Associates, Syracuse, NY
10/10/2005
LE
CK
410
LL
Y
E
£
¤
£
¤
26
LEWIS
0
esf Laboratory for Applied GIS
DIANA
£
¤
D
PI
• Oops!
• Put in neatline
around map
• In properties set
fill color to yellow
• And where did the
second scale come
from?
2
4
8
12
16
Miles
56
Making a map
HARRISVILLE
-
£
¤
3
DIANA
£
¤
812
CROGHAN
D
M
EN
AR
£
¤ £
¤
K
26
126
CROGHAN
410
VI
12
E
RR
£
¤
NEW BREMEN
LL
IS
VI
NE
LL
Y
E
£
¤
LO
W
HA
CK
• Clicked on “Send to
back” and ……
Lewis County, NY: Towns and Villages
PI
• Oops!
• Graphic problem
• Clicked on yellow
and got this
£
¤
177
LOWVILLE
0
2
4
8
£
¤
MARTINSBURG
MONTAGUE
WATSON
12
16
Miles
12
GREIG
£
¤
26
TURIN
LYONS FALLS
LYONSDALE
WEST TURIN
OSCEOLA
PORT LEYDEN
¤
£
¤ £
12
CONSTABLEVILLE
YD
EN
12D
LE
This map shows
the Lewis County
Towns and Villages
served
by
State
hightways. It was generated
from 1998 NFLII data (towns)
and 2005 ALIS data. Map was
prepared by E.B. Nifkin and
Associates, Syracuse, NY
10/10/2005
£
¤
26
LEWIS
0
esf Laboratory for Applied GIS
2
4
8
12
16
Miles
57
Making a map
• Better
• But kind of garish
• But
– Balance good
– Not too much yellow
space for 8.5x11
Lewis County, NY: Towns and Villages
HARRISVILLE
-
£
¤
3
DIANA
£
¤
812
CROGHAN
DE
NM
AR
£
¤ £
¤
K
26
126
CROGHAN
NEW BREMEN
LO
W
HA
VI
12
E
RR
£
¤
LL
IS
VI
NE
CK
PI
410
LL
Y
E
£
¤
£
¤
177
LOWVILLE
0
2
4
8
£
¤
MARTINSBURG
MONTAGUE
WATSON
12
16
Miles
12
GREIG
£
¤
26
TURIN
LYONS FALLS
LYONSDALE
WEST TURIN
OSCEOLA
PORT LEYDEN
¤
£
¤ £
12
CONSTABLEVILLE
YD
EN
12D
LE
This map shows
the Lewis County
Towns and Villages
served
by
State
hightways. It was generated
from 1998 NFLII data (towns)
and 2005 ALIS data. Map was
prepared by E.B. Nifkin and
Associates, Syracuse, NY
10/10/2005
£
¤
26
LEWIS
0
2
4
8
12
16
Miles
58
esf Laboratory for Applied GIS
Making a map
Lewis County, NY: Towns and Villages
HARRISVILLE
-
£
¤
3
812
CROGHAN
NM
AR
£
¤ £
¤
K
26
126
CROGHAN
E
VI
12
NEW BREMEN
LL
IS
VI
NE
RR
£
¤
LO
W
HA
£
¤
177
LOWVILLE
0
2
4
8
£
¤
MARTINSBURG
MONTAGUE
WATSON
12
16
Miles
12
GREIG
£
¤
26
TURIN
LYONS FALLS
LYONSDALE
WEST TURIN
OSCEOLA
PORT LEYDEN
¤
£
¤ £
12
CONSTABLEVILLE
YD
EN
12D
This map shows
the Lewis County
Towns and Villages
served
by
State
hightways. It was generated
from 1998 NFLII data (towns)
and 2005 ALIS data. Map was
prepared by E.B. Nifkin and
Associates, Syracuse, NY
10/10/2005
LE
CK
410
LL
Y
E
£
¤
£
¤
26
LEWIS
0
esf Laboratory for Applied GIS
DIANA
£
¤
DE
PI
• Aaah
• Better
• Still don’t like the
hole where the N
arrow is
• Could put a legend
there but this map
does not need a
legend
2
4
8
12
16
Miles
59
Making a map
• Ech
esf Laboratory for Applied GIS
-
HARRISVILLE
£
¤
3
DIANA
£
¤
812
E
26
Y
CROGHAN
VI
NE
This map shows the Lewis County
Towns and Villages served by State
hightways. It was generated from 1998
NFLII data (towns) and 2005 ALIS data.
Map was prepared by E.B. Nifkin and
Associates, Syracuse, NY 10/10/2005
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126
IS
E
LL
410
NEW BREMEN
VI
£
¤
£
¤
W
12
£
¤
State Highway Numbers
LO
177
WATSON
LOWVILLE
12
126
LEWIS
12D
LYONS FALLS
LYONSDALE
WEST TURIN
177
PORT LEYDEN
¤
£
¤£
EN
CONSTABLEVILLE
12
GREIG
26
OSCEOLA
Statehighways
HWY_NUM
£
¤
£
¤
TURIN
MONTAGUE MARTINSBURG
YD
CK
£
¤£
¤
RR
PI
NM
CROGHAN
LL
DE
K
AR
LE
– Added more text
– Added a highway
legend after
classifying the
highways
Lewis County, NY
HA
• Here is another
approach
• Landscape
• Harder to do
because map has to
be smaller
• So
12D
12
26
£
¤
294
26
3
410
812
0 2 4
8
12
16
Miles
60
• Hummmm
Lewis County, NY
-
HARRISVILLE
£
¤
3
DIANA
£
¤
812
E
26
126
Y
IS
NE
VI
CROGHAN
LL
E
RR
£
¤
£
¤
410
NEW BREMEN
VI
CK
£
¤£
¤
HA
12
W
PI
NM
CROGHAN
LL
DE
K
AR
This map shows the Lewis County
Towns and Villages served by State
hightways. It was generated from 1998
NFLII data (towns) and 2005 ALIS data.
Map was prepared by E.B. Nifkin and
Associates, Syracuse, NY 10/10/2005
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l;dieoaod
apdope apdap pao[g[g[o[
s[pprsgspf
spopgisr
pfigpiriri9rei;s
psirpiprpsgpg-r-e-erf
kks;vkpspsptiskkkkbspitipspsriti
State Highway Numbers
LO
£
¤
177
WATSON
LOWVILLE
HWY_NUM
£
¤
£
¤
TURIN
MONTAGUE MARTINSBURG
12
126
LYONSDALE
177
PORT LEYDEN
EN
¤
£
¤£
YD
LE
LEWIS
12D
LYONS FALLS
WEST TURIN
CONSTABLEVILLE
12
GREIG
26
OSCEOLA
Statehighways
12D
12
26
£
¤
294
26
3
410
812
0 2 4
8
12
16
Miles
61
esf Laboratory for Applied GIS
Lewis County, NY
HARRISVILLE
£
¤
3
-
N
DE
DIANA
£
¤
812
CROGHAN
M
K
AR
£
¤ £
¤
26
126
This map shows the Lewis County
Towns and Villages served by State
hightways. It was generated from 1998
NFLII data (towns) and 2005 ALIS data.
Map was prepared by E.B. Nifkin and
Associates, Syracuse, NY 10/10/2005
asd -aea 'aekr ' sda apeora 'fkg
l;dieoaod
apdope apdap pao[g[g[o[
s[pprsgspf
spopgisr
pfigpiriri9rei;s
psirpiprpsgpg-r-e-erf
kks;vkpspsptiskkkkbspitipspsriti
LL
£
¤
NEW BREMEN
State Highway Numbers
VI
HA
RR
E
IS
N
W
12
£
¤
LO
CK
PI
£
¤
410
VI
EY
LL
E
CROGHAN
177
MONTAGUE
WATSON
LOWVILLE
12
126
£
¤
MARTINSBURG
12
12D
GREIG
£
¤
26
177
TURIN
26
294
LYONS FALLS
OSCEOLA
LYONSDALE
WEST TURIN
3
PORT LEYDEN
¤
£
¤ £
12
CONSTABLEVILLE
410
YD
EN
12D
LE
812
LEWIS
£
¤
26
0 1.5 3
esf Laboratory for Applied GIS
6
9
12
Miles
62
Lewis County, NY: Towns and Villages
HARRISVILLE
-
£
¤
3
DIANA
£
¤
812
CROGHAN
DE
NM
A
£
¤ £
¤
RK
26
126
But maybe this, a
simple white or
no fill is better
after all
CROGHAN
NEW BREMEN
E
RR
£
¤
LO
W
HA
VI
12
LL
IS
VI
NE
CK
PI
410
LL
Y
E
£
¤
£
¤
177
LOWVILLE
0
2
4
8
12
£
¤
MARTINSBURG
MONTAGUE
WATSON
16
Miles
12
GREIG
£
¤
26
TURIN
LYONS FALLS
LYONSDALE
WEST TURIN
OSCEOLA
PORT LEYDEN
¤
£
¤ £
12
CONSTABLEVILLE
YD
EN
12D
LE
This map shows
the Lewis County
Towns and Villages
served
by
State
hightways. It was generated
from 1998 NFLII data (towns)
and 2005 ALIS data. Map was
prepared by E.B. Nifkin and
Associates, Syracuse, NY
10/10/2005
£
¤
26
LEWIS
0
2
4
8
12
16
Miles
63
esf Laboratory for Applied GIS
Booby Trap
•
•
•
•
When you make scale bar it is grayed out?
Why
You didn’t set map and distance units
No map units then ArcGIS has no idea
what they are – probably no metadata
• If map units are m and you don’t want scale
bar in meters then you have to set the
distance units
64
esf Laboratory for Applied GIS