Centre Number
Candidate
Number
Candidate Name
UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE LOCAL EXAMINATIONS SYNDICATE
Joint Examination for the School Certificate
and General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level
AGRICULTURE
5038/1
PAPER 1
OCTOBER/NOVEMBER SESSION 2001
2 hours
Additional materials:
Answer paper
TIME
2 hours
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your name, Centre number and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page and on all
separate answer paper used.
Section A
Answer all questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided on the question paper.
Section B
Answer any three questions.
Write your answers on the separate answer paper provided.
At the end of the examination,
1.
fasten all separate answer paper securely to the question paper;
2.
enter the numbers of the Section B questions you have answered in the left hand column of the
grid below.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
FOR EXAMINER’S USE
The intended number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each
question or part question.
You are advised to spend no longer than 1 hour on Section A.
Section A
Section B
TOTAL
This question paper consists of 12 printed pages.
SB (CW/TC) S07295/3
© UCLES 2001
http://www.xtremepapers.net
[Turn over
2
For
Examiner’s
Use
Section A
Answer all the questions.
Write your answers in the spaces provided.
1
(a) Fig. 1.1 shows a bean seed.
A
B
C
Fig. 1.1
(i)
Name the structures A, B and C.
A ................................................
B ................................................
C ................................................
(ii)
[3]
State one function of C.
...............................................................................................................................[1]
(b) State three conditions needed for seeds to germinate.
1. ....................................................................
2. ....................................................................
3. ....................................................................
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[2]
3
(c) The table shows the percentage germination of seeds sown in two plots. One plot has
been cultivated before sowing but the other has been left alone.
For
Examiner’s
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percentage seed germination
cultivated
89
uncultivated
64
Suggest reasons for the different percentages of seed germination in the two plots.
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................[2]
[Total : 8]
2
Fig. 2.1 shows the digestive system of a pig, which is a non-ruminant.
Fig. 2.1
(a) (i)
(ii)
On the diagram,
label the liver with an L,
label the small intestine with an S.
[2]
What is the function of the small intestine?
...................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................[2]
(b) Name two structures in the digestive system in a chicken that are not found in a pig.
1. ......................................................................................................................................
2. ..................................................................................................................................[2]
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For
Examiner’s
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(c) A balanced diet for animals contains vitamins and minerals.
(i)
Name one mineral that is essential in a balanced diet and state what it is needed for.
mineral ....................................
use ........................................................................................................................[1]
(ii)
Apart from vitamins and minerals, name three other constituents of a balanced diet.
1. .............................................................
2. .............................................................
3. .............................................................
[2]
[Total : 9]
3
(a) Fig. 3.1 shows the particles in two soils.
air space
air space
water film
water film
soil A
soil B
Fig. 3.1
(i)
The following soil characteristics each apply to one of the soils shown above.
•
warms up quickly
•
sticky when wet
•
easily leached
•
retains nutrients
•
easy to work
•
poor aeration
In the table below, place the correct characteristics below each soil.
soil A
soil B
[3]
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(ii)
For
Examiner’s
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State one way in which soil B could be improved.
...............................................................................................................................[1]
(b) Fig. 3.2 shows a meter for measuring soil pH.
5 67
8
34
SOIL pH
METER
Fig. 3.2
3
4
5
6
7
8
blue
pH
dark green
colour of
indicator
green
The colour chart shows the colour produced when soil pH is tested using a liquid
indicator.
yellow
(ii)
orange
What is the pH of the soil being measured? pH .................................................[1]
red
(i)
9
10 11 12
What colour would the indicator show if it was used to test the soil in (i)?
...............................................................................................................................[1]
(iii)
What do these tests tell you about this soil?
...............................................................................................................................[1]
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(c) The graphs in Fig. 3.3 show the availability of three mineral nutrients in relation to soil
pH.
3
2
nitrogen
relative availability of mineral nutrients
1
0
4
5
6
7
8
9
8
9
8
9
pH
3
2
calcium
1
0
4
5
6
7
pH
3
2
iron
1
0
4
5
6
7
pH
Fig. 3.3
(i)
Which mineral is most readily available in a soil with the pH of that in (b)(i)?
...............................................................................................................................[1]
(ii)
What is the effect on the availability of the minerals if lime is added to this soil?
...................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................[2]
[Total : 10]
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7
4
For
Examiner’s
Use
(a) Fig. 4.1 shows a leaf. A, B and C are substances involved in photosynthesis.
B
C
A
Fig. 4.1
(i)
Name A, B and C.
A ................................................
B ................................................
C ................................................
(ii)
[3]
Fig. 4.2 shows a cross-section through a stem.
Fig. 4.2
On the diagram, label with a C the tissue through which C travels.
(b) (i)
[1]
What is meant by the term translocation?
...................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................[1]
(ii)
What is the name of the tissue through which translocation occurs?
...............................................................................................................................[1]
[Total : 6]
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5
(a) The alleles of the gene that determines fruit colour in maize are represented by Y and y.
The allele that gives yellow-fruited maize, Y, is dominant over the allele that gives whitefruited maize, y. The following cross was made.
parents
yellow-fruited plant
x
white-fruited plant
(i)
What is the genotype of the white-fruited parent? ............................
[1]
(ii)
What is the genotype of the heterozygous, yellow-fruited parent?........................ [1]
(iii)
Draw a genetic diagram to show this cross.
[2]
(iv)
What are the phenotypes of the offspring?
...............................................................................................................................[1]
(b) (i)
What is meant by livestock improvement ?
...................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................[2]
(ii)
State one method of livestock improvement.
...............................................................................................................................[1]
(iii)
Suggest one problem that may arise from keeping improved livestock.
...................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................[1]
[Total : 9]
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9
6
Two farm buildings for livestock were constructed using the materials shown in the table.
building A
building B
walls
brick
wood
floor
concrete
earth
roof
iron sheets
thatch
For
Examiner’s
Use
Compare the advantages and disadvantages of the materials used for each part of the two
buildings. (You should give a different answer for each material.)
walls .........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
floor ..........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
roof ..........................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................[6]
[Total : 6]
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10
7
(a) Fig. 7.1 shows the positions of the valves and the direction of the piston during the
induction stroke in a four-stroke petrol engine.
spark plug
petrol and air
exhaust
valve
inlet valve
piston
Fig. 7.1
Complete the table to show the positions of the valves and the direction of the piston
during the other stages of the cycle.
induction
inlet valve
exhaust valve
piston
compression
ignition
exhaust
open
closed
downwards
[3]
(b) State two advantages and two disadvantages of using a tractor on a farm.
advantages
1. ......................................................................................................................................
2. ......................................................................................................................................
disadvantages
1. ......................................................................................................................................
2. ..................................................................................................................................[4]
[Total : 7]
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11
Section B
Answer any three questions.
Write your answers on the separate answer paper provided.
8
(a) (i)
(ii)
Using a labelled diagram, describe the structure of a small farm dam used to store
water. Indicate the materials used.
Explain the reasons for choosing the materials named and for the design of the dam.
[9]
(b) (i)
(ii)
Describe one method of irrigating crops.
Outline the advantages of irrigation.
[6]
[Total : 15]
9
(a) For a named type of farm livestock, state the signs that you would look for when checking the
health of the animal.
[6]
(b) For the livestock that you have named in (a),
(i)
name a parasite that affects the animal;
(ii)
describe the way in which it harms the animal;
(iii)
outline the ways in which it can be controlled.
[7]
(c) Apart from parasites, list the causes of disease in animals.
[2]
[Total : 15]
10 (a) For a named crop,
(i)
state the conditions of climate and soil that it needs;
(ii)
describe suitable soil preparation and either sowing or planting.
[8]
(b) For the crop that you have named in (a),
(i)
name a pest or disease of this crop;
(ii)
describe the effects or symptoms of the pest or disease;
(iii)
state how the pest or disease can be prevented or controlled.
[7]
[Total : 15]
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12
11 (a) State the advantages and disadvantages of extensive grazing systems.
[5]
(b) Describe one intensive grazing system and explain its advantages.
[4]
(c) Outline ways in which pasture can be improved.
[6]
[Total : 15]
12 (a) Describe, using examples where possible, the importance of agriculture in the life of a nation.
[4]
(b) State the problems that farmers face that can restrict agricultural development.
[6]
(c) Outline the importance of research in the development of agriculture, using examples where
possible.
[5]
[Total : 15]
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