Visions of New Physics
on
Rare B Decays and CP Violation
May 24, 2007 @ NTHU
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
1
Outline
I
ΔmBs, ΔΓBs
Intro: ΔS, ΔAKπ
Z Penguins and Boxes
Why 4th Generation Revisit? ACP(K+π0) ≠ ACP(K+π−)
II Accounting for ΔAKπ and ΔS (in NLO PQCD)
III Bs Mixing vs B → Xs ℓ+ℓ− → Large CPV in Bs Mixing
Large CPV Phase (or Nil)
ΔΓBs related effects; AFB in B → K*ℓ+ℓ−
IV DCPV in B+ → J/ψK+ ?
IV Aside: KL → π0νν; D0 Mixing
V Conclusion
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
2
I. Intro: ΔS, ΔAKπ
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
3
We want New P hysics
b ↔ s CPV Phenomena Is Current
Two Hints
• Sf in b → sqq
• AK+π - − AK+π Puzzle
0
• ΔmBs
• ΔΓBs
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
NP Frontier
TCPV
DCPV
Mixing-dep.
Direct
SM-like
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
4
Ssqq − b
SccsJ< 0sProblem
2006:ΔSφ1= with
Penguins
Smaller
Smaller than
than bJccs
bJccs
in
in all
all 99 modes
modes
Theory Expect
sin2φ1s-penguin
> sin2φ1cc(bar)s
Naïve
Naïveaverage
averageof
ofall
allbbJ
Jssmodes
modes
eff
sin2β
sin2βeff==0.52
0.52±
±0.05
0.05
2.6
σ deviation
2.6σ
deviationbtwn
btwn
bbJ
Jsqq
sqqand
andbbJ
Jccs
ccs
New Physics !?
Need More Data !
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
5
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
6
Acp on B → Kπ
Events / (30 MeV)
B → K ±π μ
Belle
B
ABAR
Preliminary
400
200
0
-0.1
0
0.1
ΔE (GeV)
Acp = −0.107±0.018 +0.007
−0.093±0.018±0.008
−0.004
−0.086±0.023±0.009
• World Average including CLEO: Acp(K+π−) = −0.097±0.012Δ
A Kπ
• Acp(K+π0) = +0.047±0.026 ⇒ ΔA(Kπ) = −0.144 ± 0.029 @5σ
• Need to explain the deviation. Hadronic effect or new physics?
•
A(K0π0)
FPCP07, 15 May
= −0.12±0.11;
⇓
= +0.33±0.21
S(K0π0)
P. Chang
⇒ Super B factory!
Rare Hadronic B Decays
6
Why ΔA Kπ = AK π − AK π > 0 a Puzzle ?
+
0
−9.5±1.3 %
+
−
+4.7±2.6 %
?
ΔA Kπ ~ 0 expected
Large C ?
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
Suppress Tree CPV Phase
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
9
Kπ decays: direct CPV asymmetries
Outlook/Golutvin/FPCP07
Direct CPV asymmetries in K-π+ and K-π0 channels differ by 4.4 σ
Various interpretations (unlikely to be a “puzzle”) :
¾ factorization in SCET
(see Mike Gronau, Iain Stewart,
¾ Large color suppressed tree contribution
Hsiang-nan Li)
¾ pQCD NLO
DCPVth/Gronau/FPCP07
Really?
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
11
SCET
fitted
Failed
fitted
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
12
DCPVth/Gronau/FPCP07
Really?
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
13
Baek-London, hep-ph/0701181v2
Neubert@FPCP07:
Just a fit, cannot sustain
from computation.
I’m in agreement with Baek-London.
And this is the start of our Vision Thing.
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
14
Why ΔA Kπ = AK π − AK π > 0 a Puzzle ?
+
0
−9.5±1.3 %
+
−
+4.7±2.6 %
?
ΔA Kπ ~ 0 expected
Large C ?
Suppress Tree CPV Phase
Large EWPenguin ?
Need NP CPV Phase
∵ T and PEW
≈ same strong phase
B−
b
t, t’?
u
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
s
u
d 0
_ π
d
K−
4th Gen. in EWP Natural
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
Why ?
05/24/07, NTHU
15
4th Generation !?
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
16
4th Generation Still?
• Nν counting? 4th “neutrino” heavy
Massive neutrinos call for new Physics
Despite MiniBooNE ruling out LSND.
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
17
4th Generation Still?
• Nν counting? 4th “neutrino” heavy
Massive neutrinos call for new Physics
• Disfavored by EW Precision
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
(see e.g. J. Erler hep-ph/0604035; PDG06
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
18
Ben Grinstein @ CKM06
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
19
Ben Grinstein @ CKM06
Close to what we’ll see !
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
20
4th Generation Still?
• Nν counting? 4th “neutrino” heavy
Massive neutrinos call for new Physics
• Disfavored by EW Precision
(see e.g. J. Erler hep-ph/0604035; PDG06
• Flavor physicists should not throw 4th Generation away !
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
21
CDF Continues to Search
http://www-cdf.fnal.gov/physics/new/top/2005/ljets/tprime/gen6/public.html
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
22
CDF Continues to Search
http://www-cdf.fnal.gov/physics/new/top/2005/ljets/tprime/gen6/public.html
Softening of Bound
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
!
23
In era of LHC, can Directly Search for b’, t’
Once and For All !
CMS/ATLAS Duty.
A set goal at NTUHEP
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
24
4th Generation Still?
- Nν counting? 4th “neutrino” heavy
Massive neutrinos call for new Physics
- Disfavored by EW Precision
(see e.g. J. Erler hep-ph/0604035; PDG06
• Flavor physicists should not throw 4th Generation away !
• EW Precision test is “old” ...; Overconstrain ourselves, or look forward to LHC ?
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
25
Personal Reason for
4th Generation Revisit
ACP(K+π0) ≠ ACP(K+π−)
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
26
3.8σ
2005
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
27
Sakai
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
28
...
...
It was the handiwork of “yours truly” ...
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
29
My first B paper
nondecoupling
EW Penguin
HF & BPh -4
+ Box
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
ISSMB06, 9/28/06
30
On Boxes and Z Penguins
nondecoupling
GIM , charm , ε K
small ε ’K , K → πνν (still waiting)
heavy top , sin2φ1/β
Z dominance for heavy top
1986 → 2002
HF & BPh -4
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
ISSMB06, 9/28/06
31
On Boxes and Z Penguins
nondecoupling
GIM , charm , ε K
small ε ’K , K → πνν (still waiting)
Bs
heavy top , sin2φ1/β
Z dominance for heavy top
1986 → 2002
All w/ 3-gen.,
t,
Just wait if there’s 4th
HF & BPh -4
t’
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
D!
b’ , t’ @ LHC
ISSMB06, 9/28/06
32
II. Accounting for ΔAKπ, ΔS
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
33
Effective b → s Hamiltonian and t’ Effect
SM 3
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
34
t ➯ t, t’
t
SM 4
t
M 12 ∝ f B2s B B s { λ c2 S 0 ( t , t ) + 2 λ c λ t' [ S 0 ( t , t ) − S 0 ( t , t' ) ]
+ λ t2' [ S 0 ( t , t ) − 2 S 0 ( t , t' ) + S 0 ( t' , t' ) ] }
GIM Respecting
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
35
Box/EWP Sensitivity to 4th Gen.
γ, g less sensitive
Ci C4 t 0.6
ΔS 0(1) = S 0 (t , t' ) − S 0 (t , t )
ΔS 0( 2 ) = S 0 (t' , t' ) + S 0 (t , t ) − 2 S 0 (t , t' )
0.4
EW penguin
i9
0.2
i4
i6
0
i7
0.2
200
2.5
t
Si
S
0
0
nondecoupling
(No New Operators)
250
QCD penguin
300
mt' GeV
2
350
i2
1.5
1
i1
0.5
0
250 300 350 400 450 500
mt'
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
36
ACP
ACP(K+π−) ~ −0.12, ACP(K+π0 ) ~ +0.04 ?
0.05
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRL’05
K Π0
LO PQCD
180
270
K Π
0
90
Φs
360
☞ ACP(K+π−) almost independent of t’
☞ ACP(Kπ0) − ACP(Kπ) > 0.1 demands
• φsb ~ +π/2
∼ 0.04
Large
Effect
• Large mt’ and rsb
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
37
Use nominal mt’ = 300 GeV
Change mt’ , Change parameter range
Effect the Same.
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
38
ΔA = AK π − AK π ~ 14%
0.05
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
LO PQCD ♁ 4th Gen.
+
−
ΔA ≈ 12% vs 14% (data)
0
K Π
B−
K Π
0
90
180
270
K Π0 Both
0
Joining C & PEW
ΔA
0
60 120 180 240 300 360
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
Φsb
Δ ≈ −0.11
1.0
and ΔS0.9in Right Direction !
0.8
S
vs −0.34±0.2x
(data)
SM3 input
0.7
0.6
K Π
0.15
−
K
u
WSH, Li, Mishima, Nagashima, PRL’07
0.05
0.1
s
t, t’
d 0
_π
d
360
ΔA ≈ 15%
0.05
b
u
Φs
NLO PQCD ♁ 4th Gen.
ACP
0
SΠ0 K0
ACP
+
0.5
0
60 120 180 240 300 360
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
Φsb
05/24/07, NTHU
39
Opposite Sign
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
40
III. Prediction: Large CPV in Bs Mixing
Two Reasons
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, hep-ph/0610385
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
41
and
mBs 1ps
30
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRL’05
25
20
Just Around Corner!
(SM3-like)
15
10
0
90
180
Φs
270
360
1
sin2Bs
Prospects
Phase
0.5
~ −0.2 to −0.7 !
Defintely BSM
if measured !
0
0.5
0
4th generation
90
180
Φs
270
360
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
Flavour/LHC 2/06
42
Bs Mixing vs B → Xsℓ+ℓ−
Large CPV in Bs Mixing
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
43
Use nominal mt’ = 300 GeV
Change mt’ , Change parameter range
Effect the Same.
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
44
bs 106
mBs ps1
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, hep-ph/0610385
24
SM
22 r
(high)
sb
20 0.01
18
CDF 2σ range
16 0.02
14
12
0.03
0 60 120 180 240 300 360
12
Φsb 0.03
0.02
10
8
0.01
6
HFAG 1σ range
4
2
0
0 60 120 180 240 300 360
• Fixed rsb ➯ Narrow φsb Range
‧
destructive with top
For rsb ~ 0.02 – 0.03,
φsb Range ~ 60 ° - 70 °
Finite CPV Phase
Consistent w/
Φsb
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
[Vcb ~ 0.04
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
B(b→sll)
SM-like !
Large CPV Possible !
Despite ΔmBs, B(b→sll) SM-like
05/24/07, NTHU
45
Large CPV in Bs Mixing
sin2Bs
mBs ps1
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, hep-ph/0610385
24
SM
22 r
(high)
sb
20 0.01
18
CDF 2σ range
16 0.02
14
12
0.03
1 0 60 120 180 240 300 360
Bs rMixing
Measured
• Fixed
sb ➯ Narrow φsb Range
@ Tevatron
in 4/2006
destructive
with top
‧ For rsb ~ 0.02 – 0.03,
[Vcb ~ 0.04
φsb Range ~ 60 ° - 70 °
Finite CPV Phase
Φsb
0.75
0.5
0.25
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
0.01
0.02
?
0.03
0
60 120 180 240 300 360
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
Φsb
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
sin2ΦBs ~ ±0.5 - ± 0.7
Despite ΔmBs, B(b→sll) SM-like
05/24/07, NTHU
46
Large CPV in Bs Mixing
sin2Bs
mBs ps1
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, hep-ph/0610385
24
SM
22 r
(high)
sb
20 0.01
18
CDF 2σ range
16 0.02
14
12
0.03
1 0 60 120 180 240 300 360
Φsb
0.75
0.5
0.25
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
Δ
Sign Predicted !
?
0.03
60 120 180 240 300 360
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
π
K
A
Can Large CPV in Bs Mixing
Be Measured @ Tevatron ?
0.01
0.02
0
S
Δ
,
Φsb
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
Sure thing by
LHCb ca. 2008
sin2Φ
ΦBBss ~~ ±0.5
−0.5 -- ±−0.7
sin2
0.7
Despite ΔmBs, B(b→sll) SM-like
05/24/07, NTHU
47
Sin 2βs expectations
™Use CP asymmetry in
Bs! ψφ
0.6
¾ 80% CP-even
0.5
Reduced asymmetry
¾ Tevatron could reach
σ(sin2βs) < 0.2/exp.
¾ ~ early LHC-B
Also, K. Pitts
private comm.
PSI + TTT
sigma S(Psi p
Sψφ = 60% sin 2βs
J/ψ triggers
J/psi phi
986 events
in 1 fb-1
J/psi+Psi'
0.4
ed2=0.07
0.3
SVT triggers
0.2
672
events in 1 fb-1
0.1
0
0
1
2
3
4
5
Int. Lumi (fb-1)
back
CKM workshop, Nagoya 2006
F. Bedeschi, INFN-Pisa
6
χ:
Tevatron prospects (?) & LHC
Outlook/Golutvin/FPCP07
Bs →J/ψφ is the Bs counterpart of B0→J/ψ KS
‰ In SM φS = -2arg(Vts) = -2Λ2η ~ -0.04
‰ Sensitive to New Physics effects in the Bs-Bs system
if NP in mixing → φS = φS(SM) + φS(NP)
‰ 2 CP-even, 1 CP-odd amplitudes, angular analysis needed to
separate, then fit to φS, ΔΓS, CP-odd fraction
LHCb
ATLAS
will reach s(φs) ~ 0.08 (10/fb, Δms=20/ps, 90k J/ψφ evts)
ΔΓBs related effects: another avenue
hep-ex/0702030
WSH & Mahajan
hep-ph/0702163
J. Piedra @ Flavour/LHC
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
50
sin2Bs
Large CPV in Bs Mixing
1
0.75
0.5
0.25
0
0.25
0.5
0.75
cos2 Bs
1
rsb
0.01
0.02
sin2ΦBs ~ −0.5 - − 0.7
0.03
0
0.9
60 120 180 240 300 360
Φsb
0.8
Measure @ Tevatron ?
cos2ΦBs ~ 0.85 - 0.7
0.7
0.6
0.5
0
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
60 120 180 240 300 360
Φsb
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
51
AFB in B → K*ℓ+ℓ−
Probe Complexity w/o CPV
Hovhannisyan, WSH and Mahajan, hep-ph/0701046
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
52
C7, C9, C10 taken REAL
Why
should
they
be ?
M. Iwasaki @ CKM06
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
53
Form factors induce some level of theoretical uncertainty
Use form factors calculated within LCSR – Ball & Zwicky
Forward-backward
asymmetry
Form Factor
Products
Richer Interference
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
54
SM like :
&
Hovhannisyan, WSH and Mahajan, hep-ph/0701046
data: LHCb MC (2 fb−1)
a: SM
b: 4 Gen.
shaded: rough boundaries
(for illustration only )
Constrained to 1σ experimental range for
exclusive radiative and semi-leptonic rates
Probe Complexity w/o CPV
~ Early LHCb data
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
55
Bd → K*μμ: FBA sensitivity
ƒ Generator zero-crossing point:
ƒ From 1000 experiments of 2 fb-1:
s0 = 4.10 GeV2
ƒ No background
ƒ With background
s0 = 4.17 ± 0.38 GeV2
s0 = 4.11 ± 0.52 GeV2
ƒ With 10 fb-1 (with background)
Example 2
fb-1
s0 = 4.17 ± 0.28 GeV2
With 10 fb-1
experiment
Mμμ2 (GeV2)
Jeremy Dickens
Fitted zero-point (GeV2)
@ CKM06
D
by
d
e
d
eman
ts
t
i
P
n
Kevi
IV. DCPV in B+ → J/ψK+ ?
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, hep-ph/0605080
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
57
Intriguing “Prediction”: AJ/ψK + ≠ 0 ?
• B → J/ψK+ dominated by color suppressed b → ccs (a2)
[hard to predict
- Inclusion of SM3 Penguin does not alter Weak Phase ~ 0
• The amplitude above likely has Strong Phase δ
- ALL “color-suppressed” processes turned out Enhanced
~ some effective strong phase
Examples:
* B0 → D+π− and D0π0 ➯ δ ∼ 30° in Dπ system
* B0 → π0π0 and π+π− ➯ δ ∼ ??° in ππ system (Belle vs BaBar)
Expt
- B → J/ψK+ Rate is enhanced: “hadronic”
Analogous to enhancement seen in B → J/ψK*
➯ Strong Phase Diff. in Helicity Amplitudes: δ ∼ 30°
• Enter t’: Weak Phase e i φsb
Factorized amplitude : J/ψ spits off from virtual Z
B−
b
u
t, t’
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
s
u
c
_ J/ψ
c
K−
➯ δ
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
∼ 30° Likely Retained
Interference
Making of DCPV !
05/24/07, NTHU
58
AJ/ψK ≠ 0 ?
+
indirect
0.057
0.752 +−0.035
Another hint:
Low SJ/ψK ?
Belle/BaBar
CKMfit
0.790 ± 0.031 UTfit
vs.
0.685 ± 0.032
Cannot tell
in b → d
Show later
JΨ KS
0.75
0.7
0.65
JΨ K
JΨ KS
0.75
small δ
effect small
0
60 120 180 240 300 360
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
δ∼0
0.7
0.65
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.0
0.01
0.02
0.03
Δ
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
HFAG
similar dip
as ΔS
0
60 120 180 240 300 360
Φsb
δ ∼ ± 30°
PDG ’06
0
60 120 180 240 300 360
Δ
05/24/07, NTHU
59
Prognosis for AJ/ψK + Measurement
PDG ’06
lip
f
n
Sig
ICHEP06:
AJ/ψK
124M
32M
10M
0
0.018 ± 0.021 ± 0.014 Belle
−0.07 ± 0.028 ± 0.018 BaBar
BaBar/Belle
Should Update !
89M
• AJ/ψK + is getting serious
• Systematics Control!
— Needed towards SuperB !!
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
60
The White Horse
Much larger control sample !
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
Better Systematics !
05/24/07, NTHU
61
Prognosis for AJ/ψK + Measurement
PDG ’06
ICHEP06:
AJ/ψK
0
0.018 ± 0.021 ± 0.014 Belle
−0.07 ± 0.028 ± 0.018 BaBar
BaBar/Belle
Should Update !
124M
32M
10M
lip
f
n
Sig
89M
• AJ/ψK + is getting serious
• Systematics Control!
— Needed towards SuperB !!
Could be seen by 2008 ?! Better than
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
K. Pitts
CDF could reach 0.3%
ΔA
and
ΔS
?
05/24/07, NTHU
62
JΨ K
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.0
0.01
0.02
0.03
δ ∼ ± 30°
PDG ’06
0
60 120 180 240 300 360
Δ
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
63
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
64
IV. Aside: KL → π0νν; D0 Mixing
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
65
Full 4 x 4 Unitarity ➯ Z/K Constraints
“Typical” CKM Matrix
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRD’05
s ← b
_
Z → bb
d ← s
✓
b → s
∗
Vus
Vub
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
Vts∗Vtb
Vt∗′sVt ′b
Satisfy b → d:
Cannot tell triangle
from quadrangle
∗
Vud Vub
Vtd Vtb∗
x ~ 0.22
∗
Vcd Vcb
Vcs∗ Vcb
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
b→d
Vt ′d Vt∗′b
05/24/07, NTHU
66
KLΠ0ΝΝ
1011
Prediction for
250
Current E391A U.L.
200
150
Grossman-Nir
Very hard to measure
100
50
0
0
60
120
180
Φds
240
300
360
SM 3
Rate could be enhanced up to almost two orders !!
enhanced to
In general larger than
∵ Large CPV Phase
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
or even higher !!
!!
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, PRD’05
05/24/07, NTHU
67
4 x 4 Unitarity ➯ Z/K/D Connections
“Typical” CKM Matrix
(Too)
Large/Imaginary
Data Driven
Ben Grinstein @ CKM06
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
Close to what we’ll see !
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
68
4 x 4 Unitarity ➯ Z/K/D Connections
“Typical” CKM Matrix
(Too)
Large/Imaginary
Data Driven
SM LD
NP SD
∗
∗
∗
Vud Vcd
+ VusVcs∗ + VubVcb
+ Vub' Vcb'
=0
−0.218
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
+0.215
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
+0.0033 e −i 5°
05/24/07, NTHU
69
D. Asner
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
70
D. Asner
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
71
Short-distance Only
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, hep-ph/0610385
PDG06
310
270
mb’ =
230 GeV
iφ db
∗
Vt ′d Vt ′b ≡ r dbe
From 4 x 4 Unitarity
∗
Vub' Vcb'
x = Δm/Γ ~ 1 - 3 plausible
w/ Sizable (but not huge)
CPV in Mixing ~ −15%
N.B. SM LD could generate
y ~ 1, x ≈ y
[Falk, Grossman, Ligeti, (Nir,) Petrov]
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
72
Short-distance Only
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, hep-ph/0610385
PDG06
310
270
mb’ =
230 GeV
Nir: xLD opposite sign
to y (assumptions)
but x, y expt same sign
When can be tested ?
xSD x
==
Δm/Γ
Δm/Γ~ ~1 1- 3- 3plausible
plausible
w/ Sizable
(buthuge)
not huge)
Sizable
(but not
CPV
in Mixing
~ −15%
CPV in
Mixing
~ −15%
to −20%
N.B. SM LD could generate
y ~ 1, x ≈ y
[Falk, Grossman, Ligeti, (Nir,) Petrov]
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
73
V. Conclusion
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
74
On Boxes and Z Penguins
nondecoupling
GIM , charm , ε K
small ε ’K , K → πνν (still waiting)
Bs
heavy top , sin2φ1/β
Z dominance for heavy top
1986 → 2002
All w/ 3-gen.,
Just wait if there’s 4th
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
D!
b’ , t’ @ LHC
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
75
Outline
I
ΔmBs, ΔΓBs
Intro: ΔS, ΔAKπ
Z Penguins and Boxes
Why 4th Generation Revisit? ACP(K+π0) ≠ ACP(K+π−)
II Accounting for ΔAKπ and ΔS (in NLO PQCD)
III Bs Mixing vs B → Xs ℓ+ℓ− → Large CPV in Bs Mixing
Large CPV Phase (or Nil)
ΔΓBs related effects; AFB in B → K*ℓ+ℓ−
IV DCPV in B+ → J/ψK+ ? % level
IV Aside: KL → π0νν; D0 Mixing
sin2ΦBs ~ −0.5 - − 0.7
cos2ΦBs ~ 0.85 - 0.7
Will start to place bet
if measured !
V Conclusion
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
76
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
77
bsΓ104
PDG ’06
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
SM3
0
60 120 180 240 300 360
Φsb
BR OK
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
4
2
SM3
0
2
4
0
i9
0
0.2
200
Φsb
beyond SuperB
0.4
0.2
60 120 180 240 300 360
ACP ~ 0 far away
0.6
Ci C4 t Heavy t’ effect
decoupled
for b → sγ
ACPbsΓ %
Consistency and b → sγ Predictions
i7
250
i4
i6
300
mt' GeV
350
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
78
K0π Predictions
0.05
K0 Π
0.05
Ri
ACP
0
K0 Π0
0.1
0.15
0
60 120 180 240 300 360
Φsb
ICHEP06: ~ 0
AK π
0
1.5
1.4
1.3
1.2
1.1
1.0
0.9
0.8
solid:Rn
dash: Rc
R
0
60 120 180 240 300 360
Φsb
~ −0.12
+
− AK 0π 0 ≈ 14%
✓
−0.02±0.04 +0.02±0.13 HFAG
(+0.11 ± 0.18 ± 0.08) Belle
Rc ≲ Rn ≈ 1.08 ✓
R ≈ 0.94
Not in good agreement
— Await further test
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
79
New Electroweak Penguins in
the Ratios Rn and Rc
q: measures the importance of the EW penguins with respect to the
tree-diagram-like topologies
φ: CP-violating weak phase
NLO PQCD ♁ 4th Gen.
SM
Old WA Data
New Belle Data
w/414 fb-1
Buras, Fleischer et al, APO B36(2005)2015-2050
2006/11/01
DPF/JPS
4 x 4 Unitarity ➯ Constraints
SM3
We need to deal with mixing matrix in detail to keep Unitarity
b→s
Kaon
Cross Check !
b→d
impose
From b → s study
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
81
Constrain s ↔ d from K Physics
8
(shaded)
rds 104
6
(E. Pallante et al.)
R6 2.2
R8 1.1
R6 1.0
R8 1.2
R6 2.2
R8 0.8
4
2
“Standard”
(J. Bijnens et al.)
R6 1.2
R8 1.2
0
No SM3 solution
0
60 120 180 240 300 360
Φds
Therefore….
well-satisfy
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
!
05/24/07, NTHU
82
vs Vub ~ 0.01 e-iγ
well-satisfy
FB BB 246MeV
0.78
0.60
sin2ΦBd
mBd ps1
0.65
0.55
0.5
FB BB 208MeV
0.45
0
60
120
180
Φdb
240
0.76
0.74
0.72
0.70
0.68
300
0
360
60
120
180
Φdb
240
360
Disfavored
Vtd Vtb*
VudVub*
300
Vtd Vtb*
Vt’dVt’b*
Vcd Vcb*
Hard to tell apart (non-trivial) with present precision
∵ stringent s → d
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
83
AJ/ψK ≠ 0 ? Mechanism Generic
+
e.g. Z’ model
of Barger, Chiang, Langacker, Lee, PLB’04
0.8
0.1
0.75
0.05
JΨ K
JΨ KS
Less constrained !
0.7
0.65
0.6
0
60 120 180 240 300 360
ΦL
0.0
0.05
0.1
0
60 120 180 240 300 360
AJ/ψK
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
Δ
+
~ few % possible
05/24/07, NTHU
84
AFB in B → K*ℓ+ℓ− made easy
γ – Z interference with MZ brought low !
γ
e+e− → hadrons
B - K*
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
85
Quark level Quantum amplitude:
Real by
convention
C 9eff = C 9 + Y ( s )
C 7eff = ξ 7 C 7 + ξ 8 C 8 +
∑ξ
j ≠ 7 ,8
j
Cj
No Reason a priori why C7, C9, C10 should be Real
To be Probed BY EXPERIMENT
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
86
Parameterization at weak scale
Such an introduction of complexity is beyond MFV and may look
very outrageous at first glance, though not impossible,
e.g. in generic Z’ models or more than 3 generations
B → ρλ λ : V V ub ≈ V V tb
+ −
*
ud
*
td
C 9 → C 9 + λu #
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
BK l l
0.1
AFB
N.B. Wilson coeffs. becoming complex
is already present in SM
(not via New Phys corrections)
0.2
0
0.1
BΡl
l
0.2
0
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7
s
05/24/07, NTHU
87
General: Both Zero & Shape Sensitive to NP
a: SM
b: 4 gen.
d: ruled out
e: disfavoured
c: ~ SM, even the zero,
different for large q2
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
88
General: Both Zero & Shape Sensitive to NP
a: SM
b: 4 gen.
d: ruled out
e: disfavoured
c: ~ SM, even the zero,
different for large q2
data: LHCb MC (2 fb−1)
b → sγ DCPV can be tested at SuperB
Early LHCb Data
Can Tell
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
89
In general 10 operators
⇨
20 parameters
Impractical for early fit;
Other measurables sought
(K* pol.)
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
90
4th Gen. is non-MFV, SM-like
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
91
4th Generation the epitome
Sheldon
Stone
Vision Rare b ↔ s/CPV
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
05/24/07, NTHU
92
Short-distance Only
WSH, Nagashima, Soddu, hep-ph/0610385
mD ps1
0.1
0.08
PDG06
310
270
mb’ =
230 GeV
0.06
0.04
0.02
0
sin2D
0.4
iφ db
∗
Vt ′d Vt ′b ≡ r dbe
From 4 x 4 Unitarity
∗
Vub' Vcb'
60 120 180 240 300 360
Φdb
x = Δm/Γ ~ 1 - 3 plausible
w/ Sizable (but not huge)
CPV in Mixing ~ −15%
0.2
0
0.2
0
RareB/CPV-BSM
60 120 180 240 300 360
Φdb
N.B. SM LD could generate
y ~ 1, x ≈ y
[Falk, Grossman, Ligeti, (Nir,) Petrov]
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
KEKTC6 2/8/07
93
Data (PDG06)
• Hint for D mixing
• No evidence for CPV
Need more data !
Promising !
Real interest is x (probe New Physics)
RareB/CPV-BSM
George W.S. Hou (NTU)
KEKTC6 2/8/07
94