Writing in the Elementary School Course # TED 4410 Fall, 2012 Sept. 14, 21st, Oct. 19, 26, Nov. 9, 16th COE Vision The College of Education is a premier learning community of teachers, leaders, and counselors who contribute positively to a global society. Professor of Record: Barbara Frye, Ph.D Instructor: Gregory Denman COE Mission The College of Education prepares skilled professionals who inspire excellence and create transformative change in the schools and communities in which they serve. To this end we: ♦ Enhance scholarship, achievement, and service through collaborative partnerships, ♦ Promote and model innovative, ethical, and research-based practices, and ♦ Embrace inclusion and social justice. COE Goals ♦ Ensure high quality preparation of education and counseling professionals ♦ Engage in research-based inquiry and practice ♦ Embrace diversity through action ♦ Proactively collaborate with the community ♦ Provide continual professional growth opportunities ♦ Infuse and enhance the use of technology COE Motto Creativity Opportunity Excellence Office: none Phone: (719) 599-5505 E-mail: gdenman@uccs.edu gregcolo@comcast.net (home office) Office Hours: None: see instructor for a conference Required Textbook: Writing in the Elementary School Classroom Packet Additional Resources (or Recommended Textbooks): Calkins, L. (1994). The Art of Teaching Writing. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. Dorn, L. & Soffos, C. (2001) Scaffolding young writers: A writer’s workshop approach. Portland, ME: Stenhouse Publishers. Spandel, V. & Stiggins, R. J. (1997). Creating writers. New York, NY: Longman. Tompkins, G. E. (2006), Language arts essentials. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. Tompkins, G. E. (2004). Teaching writing balancing process and product. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. Office Hours 8:00am-5:00pm M-F Contact Phone: 719-255-4996 Fax: 719-255-4110 1420 Austin Bluffs Parkway Colorado Springs, CO 80918 http://www.uccs.edu/~coe/ Ray, K.W. (1999). Wondrous Words: Writers and Writing in the Elementary Classroom. Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. Useful Websites: Writing Instruction http://its.leesummit.k12.mo.us/writing.htm http://www.nwp.org/cs/public/print/resource/922 http://www.unc.edu/depts/wcweb/handouts/paragraphs.html Writing Difficulties http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/misunderstoodminds/writingdiffs.html RTI and Differentiation http://www.literacyleader.com/?q=balancelit Course format: This course consists of lectures and whole class discussions; journaling and small group sharing; in-class activities and assignments; on-site assignments with short in-class presentations; and key assignments posted on TaskStream. Course Overview: TED 441 is the first writing methods course taken by teacher candidates. The purpose of the course is to provide an overview of a comprehensive writing program in the elementary school setting. Students will possess a degree of knowledge and confidence to effectively teach writing and will create and implement Colorado Academic Standards based lessons for their use in their Professional Development School (PDS) setting. Course Expectations: 1. Enrolled students are in the Teacher Education Program at UCCS in order to become a professional teacher. Attendance and on-time behaviors will be noted by the instructor. It is the expectation for this class that teacher candidates will consistently be on time and in attendance. Life events are unpredictable. If a student is legitimately unable to attend class, the instructor asks that they please email him. 2. Participation and collaborative learning will be a tool through which students will clarify, refine, and apply their knowledge that they have gained from individual reading, study, and reflection. Effective collaboration occurs when all participants contribute thoughtfully and equally to the discussions and activities. Participation in this class through reading, writing, and sharing is valued and essential. Class preparation includes a careful, reading of assigned materials (when appropriate) ahead of time in order for students to bring thoughtful questions and insights to the class discussions. Completion of required readings and assignments, and participation in class discussions and activities is expected, and is indicative of candidates’ professional attitude and behavior. It is the student’s responsibility to get any information missed due to an absence. 3. Unexcused absences will result in a lowering of a student’s grade. Attendance will be taken at each class session. Since the class meets only for five to six sessions, absences will reflect upon students’ grade accordingly. At the instructor’s discretion unexcused absences will result in the final grade being reduced by 15% (per absence) unless excused by the TELP director. 4. If a student arrives late to class, it is their responsibility to see the instructor after class so that it will not be counted as an absence. Also, at the instructor’s discretion repeated tardiness will result in a lowering of a student’s grade. 5. Weather/Snow Closure: We will only cancel class if the university closes. Course Objectives: As a result of participating fully in the experiences of this course, teacher candidates will: 1. Have a foundational knowledge about the development of writing skills. (INTASC 1, NETS 2, CPBST: 5.01.4, CTQS 1, 3: Element c) 2. Understand Colorado literacy and writing standards and their application in the elementary school setting. (INTASC 1 & 6, NETS 2, CPBST: 5.01.5, CTQS 1: Elements a and d) 2 3. Understand and know how to teach students the engage effectively in the writing processplanning, composing, revising, and editing of written products. (CPBST: 5.01.4 – G, CTQS 1: Element b, 3: Element c) 4. Will possess the skills and knowledge to teach and encourage students to use standard forms of communication (e.g., correct grammar, sentence structure, capitalization, spelling, etc.) (CPBST 5.01.4 – H, CTQS 1) 5. Will possess the skills and knowledge to teach students how to organize or structure writing effectively (e.g., introductions, well-constructed paragraphs, conclusions, transitions). (CPBST 5.01.4 – I, CTQS 1, 3: Element c) 6. Will possess the skills and knowledge to teach students to write effective narratives, expository/explanatory pieces, and persuasive texts that develop a central idea with consideration of diverse audiences. (CPBST 5.01.4 – J, CTQS 1) 7. Will possess the skills and knowledge to teach students to adjust their writing for the needs of various audiences and communication contexts (including using appropriate formal, informal, literary, or technical language. (CPBST 5.01.4 – K, CTQS 1) 8. Will possess the skills and knowledge to teach students how to develop clarity, quality of explanation and expression, descriptiveness, and elaboration when writing. (CPBST 5.01.4 – L, CTQS 1) 9. Will possess the skills and knowledge to analyze children’s writing for phonological, othrographic, syntactic, and semantic patters and plan instruction based on this analysis. (CPBST 5.01.4 – M, CTQS 1, 3: Element c) 10. Will possess the skills and knowledge to teach students how to employ technologies to facilitate their writing and research. (CPBST 5.01.4 – N, CTQS III Element d) 11. Have a working knowledge of strategies for integrating the teaching of writing across the entire curriculum. (INTASC 3, NETS 2, CPBST: 5.01.4, CTQS 1 Elements c and d) 12. Have a working knowledge of strategies for differentiating instruction for the diversity of learners within the classroom. (INTASC 2, 3, 6, 7, NETS 2, CPBST: 5.01.1, CTQS II: Elements a, b, c, and d) Accreditation Standards: 1. As a result of participating fully in the experiences of this course, students will be able to: 2. Identify the developmental acquisition of writing skills for elementary students. (INTASC 1) 3. Identify local, state, and national expectations for writing achievement and instruction. (INTASC 6, NETS 2) 4. Apply instructional strategies for teaching writing to students with diverse backgrounds, languages, and needs. (INTASC 2) 5. Apply instructional strategies for teaching writing across the curriculum. (INTASC 3) 6. Apply instructional strategies for integrating children’s literature into the teaching of writing. (INTASC 4) 7. Evaluate writing. (INTASC 7) 8. Develop a personal plan for teaching writing. (INTASC 8, NETS 5) 3 9. Develop website resources that supports the teaching of writing in the elementary school and students with special learning needs including ESOL students. (INTASC 2,5 NETS 2) Technology Competencies: It is expected that students begin our program with foundational technology skills that include digital word processing, digital and online formats (e.g. Blackboard) and using online research databases. Knowledge of the use of technology-supported multimedia, such as PowerPoint and other audio/video resources, is expected. Students who need assistance with building technological skills should speak with their professor to learn about technology resources in the COE and at UCCS. Using your UCCS email account is a requirement of this course due to digital delivery of course content. All students must obtain a UCCS email address and check it regularly (every day) so as not to miss announcements. If your UCCS email address is not your primary one, please have emails from UCCS rerouted to the one you check daily. Attendance, Preparation, and Participation: Students are expected to maintain high standards of ethical and professional conduct. This includes attending class, being adequately prepared, contributing to class discussions, submitting high caliber work and representing your own work fairly and honestly. As an important member of a classroom community, attendance and punctuality is mandatory. You must actively engage in class and group work to maximize your learning in this course. If you must miss a class, please inform the professor by phone or email prior to class. It is the responsibility of the student to obtain course information that is missed during the absence. Unexcused absences will result in a lower grade. Professional Behavior: Professional behavior is necessary for you to be a successful member of a learning community. Please monitor your participation in class discussions and group work and find ways to contribute intelligently to the discussion without silencing others. All written assignments must be computer generated unless otherwise indicated by the professor. Professional behavior will be expected in your future teaching/counseling career and is often the hallmark of career success. Diversity Statement: The faculty of the College of Education is committed to preparing students to recognize, appreciate, and support diversity in all forms – including ethnic, cultural, religious, gender, economic, sexual orientation and ability – while striving to provide fair and equitable treatment and consideration for all. Any student who believes that he/she has not been treated fairly or equitably for any reason should bring it to the attention of the instructor, Department Chair or the Dean of the College of Education. Accommodations: The College of Education wishes to fully include persons with disabilities in this course. In compliance with section 504 and the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), UCCS is committed to ensure that “no otherwise qualified individual with a disability … shall, solely by reason of disability, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity…” If you are a student with a disability and believe you will need accommodations for this class, it is your responsibility to contact and register with the Disabilities Services Office, and provide them with documentation of your disability, so they can determine what accommodations are appropriate for your situation. 4 To avoid any delay in the receipt of accommodations, you should contact the Disability Services Office as soon as possible. Please note that accommodations are not retroactive and disability accommodations cannot be provided until a “Faculty Accommodation Letter” from the Disability Services office has been given to the professor by the student. Please contact Disability Services for more information about receiving accommodations at Main Hall room 105, 719-255-3354 or dservice@uccs.edu . Military Students: Military students who have the potential to participate in military activities including training and deployment should consult with faculty prior to registration for any course, but no later than the end of the first week of classes. At this time, the student should provide the instructor with a schedule of planned absences, preferably signed by the student's commander, in order to allow the instructor to evaluate and advise the student on the possible impact of the absences. In this course, the instructor will consider absences due to participation in verified military activities to be excused absences, on par with those due to other unavoidable circumstances such as illness. If, however, it appears that military obligations will prevent adequate attendance or performance in the course, the instructor may advise the student to register for the course at another time, when she/he is more likely to be successful. Student Appeals: Students enrolled in programs or courses in the College of Education may access the COE Appeal/Exception Form at: http://www.uccs.edu/Documents/coe/studentresources/AppealsForm2009.pdf. This form is to be used for an appeal when a student is: (1) denied admission to professional education program (2) denied permission to student teach or complete professional internship (3) removed from a professional education program or internship (4) denied permission to graduate due to missing requirements (5) requesting an exception to specific policies, procedures, or requirements (6) requesting a grade change This form is not to be used for requests to take classes out of sequence or to take a class without the proper prerequisites. Such requests should be initiated with the department chair. UCCS Student Code of Conduct: The purpose of the Student Code of Conduct is to maintain the general welfare of the university community. The university strives to make the campus community a place of study, work, and residence where people are treated, and treat one another, with respect and courtesy. http://www.uccs.edu/~oja/student-conduct/student-code-of-conduct.html UCCS Student Rights and Responsibilities: http://www.uccs.edu/orientation/student-rights-and-responsibilities.html UCCS Academic Ethics Code: http://www.uccs.edu/Documents/vcaf/200-019%20StudentAcademic%20Ethics.pdf 5 Assignments (Graded Activities) Written Assignment Criteria Assignments must word processed and double-spaced in a professional manner (on clean, white, unlined paper). Special attention must be given to the following: APA Formatting Grammar, punctuation, spelling Sentence and paragraph structure Tense and parallel usage Organization, neatness, and content knowledge Resubmission of Assignments Policy Resubmission of assignments will be accepted in TELP methods course work only if the original assigned grade falls below the B- level. The highest possible assigned grade for significantly improved resubmitted work will be a B-. This policy is consistent among and between all faculty members in the Teacher Education Program at the University of Colorado at Colorado Springs. In this 1-hour course one and only one assignment with a grade lower than a B- may be resubmitted for a better grade. Late Policy Assignments (including in-class assignments) will be due on the designated date as specified by the instructor. At the instructor’s discretion assignments received later than the due date can be penalized. In-Class and On-Site Assignments In addition to the following formal course assignments, students will be expected to do shorter tasks in class and at their PDS sites. Some of these assignments/tasks will be presented in class and some will only be turned into the instructor. The instructor will also look at students’ notes as the end of the course to see that they have organized and referenced the major concepts addressed in class and have them in a format that will effectively serve them as student teacher. An evaluation of these notes and assignments will be reflected as a part of students’ attendance and participation grade. Possible 25 points: (10 points for on-site assignments and 15 points for Notes evaluations). Formal Assignments 1. Website Resources (CPBST: 5.01.4 N) 10 possible points Each student is expected to find and evaluate five high quality websites that support writing curriculum and students with special learning needs. At least one of these websites must be a 6 Trait website. List the URL then below the URL in a short summary discuss: 1) how you could use the website as a teacher (2 points) 2) students for which it will apply (2 points) 3) useful tools included, sponsor/organization/author of the site (2 points) 4) modifications for special learning needs students (2 points) 5) a critique of the website; what works and what doesn’t (2 points). Notes: Website Review 10 possible points (CPBST: 5.01.4 N) (Multiply score by 2) 6 0 1 2 Lists more than one URL URL No URL Lists URL Use Description of website is limited or non-existent No identification as to educational legitimacy of website Not Present or superficial Describes ways in which a teacher could use the website Lists organization, author, or sponsor of website Inadequate critique Discusses why site is a quality resource Sponsor Modifications for Differentiating instruction Critique Describes how the site presents ideas or modifications for some basic differentiation. Describes in detail ways in which the website can be used for instructional purposes Lists organization, author, or sponsor of website and gives a justification for its educational legitimacy. Describes how the site presents ideas or modifications for a variety of different learning needs. Gives a sound rationale as to why this site is high quality and useful to a classroom teacher 2. Plan for Teaching Writing 25 possible points (Standard: 5.01.4 G, H, I, K, N) Individually students will prepare at least a three to five page paper describing their “ideal” plans and goals for teaching writing. In the paper students will need to consider how they will address the needs of all students. The plan should be specific about what (content) and how (methodology) they plan to use in teaching writing. They must have, at least, two references to support their thinking and design. References must be cited in APA format. This assignment will be emailed as a word document to the instructor. A strong plan would include discussion of ideas such as these: Learning environment: How will the classroom be organized to make it conducive to learning to write? Motivation of students: How will instruction be designed to excite and motivate students? Instructional methodologies: How will lessons be designed to ensure that students learn: • about the writing process • to use standard forms of communication – e.g. grammar, sentence structure and mechanics • to effectively organize and structure writing • to adjust writing to communicate effectively with a variety of audiences • how to use technology for their writing and research Notes: Category Format (2) 0 Needs Improvement Plan is incorrectly formatted. Organization (6) No logical sequence or presentation of ideas. Content (8) Plan inadequately addresses and develops essential elements and issues about teaching writing. 1 Proficient Plan is almost correctly formatted, but one or more characteristics is incorrect (eg. cover page, citations) Adequate sequence and logical presentation of ideas (introduction, body, and conclusion). Insufficient elaboration of major ideas. Plan only partially addresses and develops essential elements and issues about teaching writing. Includes fewer 7 2 Exemplary Plan is correctly formatted with no missing or incorrect characteristics. Effective sequence and logical presentation of ideas with sufficient elaboration of major ideas. Plan effectively addresses and develops essential elements and issues about teaching writing. Includes and Mechanics (4) References (4) Many errors in conventions hindering the reader’s understanding. None or incorrectly cited than four of the key concepts discussed in class. Convention errors are noticeable, but don’t hinder the reader’s understanding. One reference correctly cited develops four or more key concepts presented in class. Majority of conventions are correctly used. Two references correctly cited 3. Lesson Plans: Key Assignments: (40 points) 20 points per lesson plan Students will develop a primary 6-Trait, Plus 1 lesson plan for teaching the trait of ideas, fluency, voice, or word choice. The lesson must integrate authentic children’s literature and include a rubric for measuring student learning. A second PDS lesson will be developed which has intermediate level students writing in a non-language arts area. This lesson can be a descriptive, comparative, informational/explanatory, or persuasive piece, but needs to tie directly into existing curriculum. Narrative should not be used with this lesson. The lesson plan also needs to have an evaluation component. These lesson plans have been identified as the key assignment and will need to be uploaded on TaskStream. SCORING RUBRIC FOR WRITING LESSON PLANS Indicator Not Met (0) • Not based on a skill or strategy • Tells students what to do, but does not provide support (modeling, guided practice, etc.) for them to be successful. Students’ grasp of content material is not likely to improve as a result of the activity. • Does not provide a rubric • Many sections in TaskStream template are blank or contain only cursory information. Indicator Partially Met (1) X 10 Implies a skill or strategy Describes what students should do, but does not provide enough support (i.e. info about why, how or when to use the strategy) for them to do so independently. Most sections in TaskStream are complete. Differentiated Instruction field fails to address one or more subgroups. • Provides a 6 Trait Rubric, but is not well conceived and does not directly assess the objectives of the lesson. • Intermediate lesson addresses writing in a content area other than language arts. • • • • • • • Indicator Fully Met (2) X 10 Teaches and/or reinforces specific primary or intermediate writing skills or strategies (e.g. ideas, fluency, voice, or word choice.) Shows students not only what to do but also why, how, and when (explicit teaching). All sections in TaskStream lesson plan template are completed thoroughly and thoughtfully. Differentiated Instruction field addresses students with disabilities, students from culturally and linguistically diverse populations, and high-achieving students. Provides a well-structured 6 Trait Rubric and which assesses the objectives of the lesson. Intermediate lesson effectively strengthens writing in a content area other than language arts. Notes: Evaluation Attendance plus In class and on site assignments Website Project Teaching Writing Plan PDS Lesson Plans (2 X 20) 94 – 100 = A 90 – 93 = A85 – 89 = B+ 80 – 84 = B 75 – 79 = B70 – 74 = C+ 20 pts. 10 pts. 30 pts. 40 pts. 8 100 points possible Course Schedule Literacy Standards and Course Objectives Topic or Content Class Activities and Assignments Session #1 Standard 5.01.4 G Course Objective: • Introductions, Expectations, and Syllabi 1, 2, 3 • History of Writing Assessment: From “National at Risk” through to Colorado’s adoption of “Common Core State Standards” • Writing as a Process (practice with examples of pre-writing strategies) • Class Discussion: Do you remember being taught writing? Do you consider yourself a “good writer”? Why or why not? (This is an important discussion as research suggests that teachers often consider themselves good readers, but are unsure of themselves as writers.) • Overview of commonly Used Writing Programs: -­‐ 6-Trait Writing -­‐ Step Up To Writing -­‐ Writing Alive -­‐ Write Tools Presentations (Power Points & Lectures): • State of the art of writing and writing assessments • Introduction of the Writing Process– Explain the writing process (planning or rehearsal, composing or drafting, revising, editing, and publishing or sharing). – overview of the scientifically-based research that led to teaching writing as a process. Flower, Linda, and John R. Hayes. "A Cognitive Process Theory of Writing." College Composition and Communication. 32:4 (December 1981): 365-87. Bereiter, Carl, and Marlene Scardamalia. "Levels of Inquiry in Writing Research." Research On Writing: Principles and Methods. Peter Mosenthal, Lynne Tamor, and Sean A. Walmsley, eds. New York: Longman, 1983. 3-25. In- Class Assignment: Writing Activity – “Who, Where & Why” – Primary Narrative Writing- highlighting the Writing Process On-Site PDS Assignment: Working with your site cohort conduct a survey of the writing instruction at your PDS site. Interview not only your clinical teachers, but also literacy coaches and interventionists. Use these questions as a starting point. Your cohort should be prepared to present a short summary of your survey at our next session. ! Tell me about writing instruction at this building? What program(s) are used? What professional development or has 9 been provided? ! What resources are available? What professional books are in the library? (Bring copies and/or titles to share) ! We are going to be looking at the 6-Traits of Writing…what can you tell me about how or if you use them in your classroom. ! What does the “writing process” look like in your classroom? (primary and intermediate) ! Can you show me the pre-writing strategies that you have your students use? ! Are there ways that you celebrate and publish what your students write? ! What didn’t I ask you that I should have to be better prepared to effectively teach writing when I get in the classroom? 10 Literacy Standards Topic or Content Class Activities and Assignments Session #2 5.01.4 G, H, I, and L, N Course Objective: 3, 4, 5, 8, 12 Class Activity: Teacher candidates (TCs) will present the results of their surveys about writing instruction at their PDS sites. Similarities and differences will be discussed. • PDS Site Writing Surveys • Components of a Writer’s Workshop • Development of 6-Trait and 6Trait assessment of student writing • Use of 6-Trait Rubrics • Primary model lesson with 6Traits of Writing • Differences between narrative and expository writing • Closer look at Step-Up to Writing Class Presentations (Power Point & Lecture): • Components a Writer’s Workshop • The 6 Traits and 6 Traits Plus One & Rubrics • 6-Trait Lessons • 6- Trait Websites • Differences between narrative and expository writing • Primary Informational/explanatory (expository) paragraphs (CCSS) • Step-Up to Writing Model 6 Trait Lesson 6 Traits plus 1 Rubric Interactive 6 Trait Website with Examples In-Class Activity: TCs will work in pairs and score sample student writings using a 6 Trait Rubric. Attention will be focused on organization (e.g. Introduction, wellconstructed paragraphs, conclusions, transitions), editing for correct grammar, sentence structure and conventions, clarity, quality of explanation and expression, descriptiveness, and elaboration. Website Assignment - (5.01.4 N) (Formal Assignment 1): Visit five websites. At least one needs to be a 6-Traits of Writing website. Key Assignment Explanation: Primary 6Trait lesson integrating a piece of children’s literature. To be posted on TaskStream. Literacy Standard Topic or Content Class Activities and Assignments 5.01.4 M Course Objective: Session #3 • Presentation (Power Points & Lecture): • Mini-Lesson: Using Transition Words effectively Model Mini-Lesson: Use of transition words 11 1, 9 • Primary Writing Continuum • • Writing in Science (observations, comparisons, cause and effect, and “how” and “why” explanations) • • • Discipline-specific vocabulary Introduction of the Primary Writing Continuum Scientific writing Discipline-specific vocabulary In-Class Activity: TCs will work independently and in small groups to work with four types of sentences/paragraphs: ! Observations ! Compare & contrast ! Cause and effect ! How and why explanations On-Site PDS Assignment: 1. PDS Assignment: Working with your PDS cohort members talk to clinical teachers and science coaches about the writing that is done in science at your site. Your cohort will make a short presentation at the next class session. 2. Working with at your site either independently or with a partner fill out one Word Mastery sheet for a science concept or process from your curriculum. Topic or Content 5.01.4 B, M, J • • Course Objectiv e: Class Activities and Assignments Session #4 Class Activity: • Different purposes in writing and different types of writing-across the curriculum 1. Each PDS site will make a short presentation on the writing that is done at their site in reference to science. • Using graphic organizers with students 2. TCs will share examples of their completed Word Mastery sheets. • Writing in math: why and how • Mathematical snapper-clappers • Using cues within your student prompts Class Presentations (Power Point & Lecture): • Writing for different purposes and different types of writing • Using graphic organizers with students • Writing in Mathematics • Primary Informational/explanatory (expository) paragraphs (CCSS) • Key Assignment Explanation: Intermediate lesson plan/ writing lesson in a non-language arts class. To be posted on TaskStream. 1, 6, 7, 11 12 In-Class Activity: • Persuasive Writing; Teacher candidates will work in pairs to write a persuasive piece. When completed - pairs will swap and score the papers using the rubric for scoring persuasive writing. • Writing mathematical snapperclappers..shared in class. On-Site PDS Assignment: 1. With your site cohort members (or solo if you prefer) take a look at your school’s or individual classroom’s Social Studies curriculum pick one topic or unit. Write writing prompts for each of the different purposes of writing for. Make sure to use “prompt cues.” Literacy Standard Topic or Content Class Activities and Assignments 5.01.4 B, J, K, N Course Objective: 1, 6, 7, 8, 12 Session #5 • Developmental stages of writing • Picture books and story frames • Daily modeled writing • Poetry in the classroom • Use of a rhyming jug Class Activity: Pairs or individuals will share with a Social Studies topic and examples of writing prompts for each of the different purposes of writing. Class Presentations (Power Point & Lecture): • Developmental stages of writing • Use of story frames with picture books • Daily modeled writing (video) • Poetry: Tools of the Wordsmith Cass Activity: Writing poetry: People Pattern Poems. Key Assignment # 2-Prepare a three to five page paper describing your “ideal” plans and goals for teaching writing. You will need to consider how you will address the needs of all students. The plan should be specific about what (content) and how (methodology) you plan to use in teaching writing. You must have, at least, one reference to support their design. References must be cited in APA format. A strong plan would include discussion of ideas such as these: Learning environment – How will the classroom be organized to make it conducive to learning to write? Instructional methodologies – How will 13 lessons be designed to ensure that students learn? Motivation of students – How will instruction be designed to excite and motivate students? : • about the writing process • to use standard forms of communication – eg., grammar, sentence structure and mechanics • to effectively organize and structure writing • to adjust writing to communicate effectively with a variety of audiences • to use technology for their writing and research This is a KEY assignment and will need to be posted on TaskStream. On-Site PDS Assignment: Find a short picture book and be prepared to share it with the class and show one story frame paragraph you developed for the story. Session # 6 Session # 6 will have students sharing the picture books and examples of story frames that they could use with each in small groups. They will have brought to class their notes from the class for the instructor to look over and evaluate. Any topics or items from the course content not completed will be addressed at this last session. 14