Small Scale Coal Power
Plant in Indonesia
Taufik Sastrawinata
Director Technology and Business Development
of PT. Advance Technology Indonesia and
Secretary General of Indonesian Coal Society
Indonesia
ASIA PACIFIC ECONOMIC COOPERATION
EXPERT GROUP ON CLEAN FOSSIL ENERGY
DEMAND OUT SIDE JAVA BALI
By 2001, power plant capacity out side
Java Bali 5,385 MW :
ƒ Diesel Plant contributes 45 %
ƒ CCGT & OCGT 27 %,
ƒ Steam Power Plant 14 %,
ƒ Hydro 13 % and
ƒ 1 % is geothermal, solar and others.
National Electricity Law
Currently, electricity power supply and
distribution managed by state owned
company, PT PLN
Future, electric power supply and
distribution will be directed to multi
buyers-multi sellers
Several identified advantages of
developing small scale power plant
ƒ more competitive compared to Diesel Plant.
ƒ provide electricity to coal mining process
ƒ financing capability to install, in which in line
with the financing capabilities of the country.
ƒ requires 20 kV lines to distribute its generated
electricity
ƒ easier and faster to install.
ƒ absorb of up to 80 % of local content
Power plants fuel outlook according to Baseline
Scenario
400
350
Gas
Hydro
Geothermal
Coal
Oil
Million SBO
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
Year
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Implementation of small scale coal
power plant
ƒ Utilizing good engineering practices compatible
with the existing system.
ƒ Achieving an environmentally acceptable
ƒ Achieving the highest economically feasible levels
of efficiency, reliability, safety and availability.
ƒ Optimising the operation and maintenance (O&M)
procedures of the equipment and facilities,
ƒ Utilizing local available coal as the energy source,
ƒ Ensuring the majority of the plant staff, as they are
Indonesian personnel
OTHER BENEFIT
ƒ The availability of economically priced capacity
and energy will lead to accelerate industrial
development and to lower cost of production.
ƒ It will maximize the use of Indonesian
manufactured goods and services and the
utilization of established Indonesian companies in
order to enhance the industrial development.
ƒ Development to the local economy and the local
community.
ƒ Enhance the attraction of industry to the region.
The coal fired Steam Power Plant
ƒ Consist of 2 (two) complete Stoker Boiler,
capable of burning and fired with a wide
range of coal
ƒ The efficiency of the boiler is 84 % and
overall efficiency is 21 %.
ƒ Steam will be fed individually to the
single flow condensing steam turbine, for
electric generator driving.
1. Steam generator
Type
: Natural Circulation
Steam Flow
: 38 ton/hr
Feedwater Temperature
: 150 oC
Superheater Steam Outlet Pressure
: 38 kg/cm2
Superheater Steam Outlet Temperature: 450 oC
Draft System
: Balanced Draft
2. Grate and Spreader
3 Air Pollution Control: Electro static Precipitator
4. Fuel Handling:
Belt Conveyor
Coal Storage
Coal Storage Bunker
5. Ash Handling
6. Steam Turbine System
Type
Rated Output
Speed
Main Steam Pressure
Main Steam Temperature
: Condensing
: 7.000 kW
: 3000 rpm
: 35 kg/cm2
: 435 oC
7. Chlorination System: Electrolysis Analyzer
8. Water Treatment and Drinking System
Raw Water Treatment And Reverse Osmosis PreTreatment
Ro Pre-Treatment (Ultra filtration)
Reverse Osmosis And Demin Water Tank
9. Waste Water Treatment
Plant Schematic
Boiler General Arrangement
Boiler Island
Economic Analysis
Tariff Rates would be US 5 Cents/kWh, with the
total project cost ranging USD 13-15 Millions
The Tariff Structure proposed consists of four (4)
payment elements:
ƒ Capacity Charge – Component A (Capital Cost
Recovery Charge)
ƒ Fixed O&M Charge – Component B
ƒ Fuel Payment Charge - Component C (Energy
Charge)
ƒ Variable O&M Charge – Component D
Component
Tariff
Capacity Charge
US$ 2.71 cents
Fixed O&M Charge
US$ 0.94 cents
Fuel Charge
US$ 1.24 cents
Variable O&M Charge
US$ 0.21 cents
Total Electricity Tariff
US$ 5.00 cents
Calculated electricity price is based on
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Gross Capacity
Net Contractual Capacity
Potential Availability Factor
Capacity Factor (CF)
Caloric Values
Fuel Cost
Operation Period
Interest Rate
Internal Rate of Return (IRR)
Payback Period
Currency Exchange Rate
14.00 MW
12.68 MW
92 %
80 %
5,100kcal/kg (LHV)
US$ 15 per Ton
20 years
6%
11.0 %
8 years
US $1 = Rp. 8,500
National Product
Memorandum of Understanding:
1. Minister of Energy and Mineral
Resources,
2. Minister of Industry and Trade, and
3. Minister of Research and Technology /
Chair of Agency for the Assessment
and Application of Technology
70 % engineered and manufactured locally.
10 units every year will be constructed.
Diesel generator will cost around US$ 9 – 10
cents per kWh and small-scale coal power
plant will cost US$ 5 cents per kWh.