SAURASHTRA UNIVRSITY
Ph. D. Entrance Exam 2011
Syllabus: Chemistry
Paper Style:
[A] General Chemistry
70 Marks
[B] Specialization Subjects
a. Inorganic Chemistry
30 Marks
b.
30 Marks
c.
d.
e.
OR
Organic-Pharmaeutical Chemistry
OR
Physical and Materials Chemistry
OR
Pharma- Analytical Chemistry
OR
Industrial Chemistry
Total: 100 Marks
30 Marks
30 Marks
30 Marks
Syllabus for Ph. D. Entrance Test-Chemistry
A. Reaction Mechanism
10 Marks
Aldol, Arndt-eistert synthesis, Baeyer-Villiger, Barbier-Wieland, Barton, Chi
Chi Babin, Clemmensen, Dieckmann, Diels Alder, Elbs persulphate, FriedalCrafts, Grignard, Meerwien-Pondorf, Oppenauer, Reimer- Tiemann,
Reformatsky, Wittig, Wolff Kishner.
B. Rearrangements
5 Marks
Pinacol-Pinacolone,Benzil-Benzilic acid, Beckmann, Hoffman, Curtius,
Schmidt, Baeyer-Villiger.
C. Aromaticity
5 Marks
Classical and Modern definition of Aromaticity,(4n+2)π Huckel’s
Rule,Azulene, Tropone, and Tropolone, etc.
D. Fugacity and Activity
5 Marks
Definition of fugacity and its determination by graphical, equation of state,
approximate and generalized methods. Fugacity of solids and liquids. Mean
ionic activity coefficients (D-H limiting law). Applications of D-H theory:
quantitative and qualitative, solubility in presence of added electrolyte and
osmotic coefficient.
E. The properties of solutions
5 Marks
Ideal solutions: Properties, the Duhem -Margules equation, vapor pressure
curves. Composition of liquid and vapor in equilibrium influence of
temperature on gas solubility. Non ideal solutions: Deviation from ideal
behavior,
vapor
pressure
curves.
Dilute
solutions:
Henry’s
law.
Determination of molecular weights from freezing and boiling points.
F. Organometallic Compounds of transition metals
5 Marks
introduction and nature of bonding in organornetallic compounds of
transition metals. Introduction and classification of σ-bonded and π-bonded
organometallic compounds
G. Magneto Chemistry
5 Marks
Magnetic properties of the first transition series, lanthanides and actinides.
H. Fundamental of Spectroscopy
10 Marks
1
Electro magnetic spectrum, preperties of EMR, radiation sources ,sample
handling techniques, principles, theory and instrumentation of UV-Visible,
IR, NMR, C13NMR and Mass spectroscopic techniques.
I. Chromatographic Techniques
10 Marks
Classification of chromatographic techniques and their basic ,theory
including chromatogram with instrument. Types of columns and detectors
used in GC and HPLC. Types of adsorbants used in PC, TLC and Ion
Exchange Chromatographic techniques. Detecting agents used in TLC and
PC. Different types of TLC and PC techniques. Factors affecting in various
Chromatographic techniques.
J. Environmental and Green Chemistry
10 Marks
Air pollution, types of pollution, photochemicalsmog, radiation energy
balance in earth. Atmospheric system, definions of COD, BOD, and DO.
Basic principles of Green Chemistry.
2
Inorganic Chemistry
A. Coordination Chemistry
Chemical
bonding,
types
10 Marks
of
chemical
bonds,
shapes
of
the
molecules, oxidation number, and IUPAC nomenclature of the metal
complexes.
B. Inorganic Spectroscopy
10 Marks
Mössbauer and Electron Spin Resonance
Introduction, principle and applications of Mössbauer and Electron Spins
Resonance (ESR). Introduction, interaction between nuclear spin and electron
spin- hyperfine splitting, g-value, selection rules, calculation of energy level of
ESR spectrum
C. Catalysis
10 Marks
Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. Hydrogenation and Ziegler-Natta
polymerisation.
3
Organic-Pharmaeutical Chemistry
A. Synthesis and Application of the selected Drugs
10 Marks
Aspirin, Paracetamol, Ibuprofen, Diazepam, Phenobarbitone, Chlorpromazine,
Nimesulide,
Procaine,
Levodopa,
Propanolol,
Phenylbutazone,
Nifedipine,
Oxyphenbutazone,
Dopamine,
Lignocaine,
Acenocoumarol,
Cetrizine,
Ranitidine, Metronidazole, Clotrimazole, Mefanamic Acid, Diclofenac Sodium,
Phenformin, Metformin, Tolbutamide, Diphenhydramine, Cis-platin, 6-APA, 7ADCA,
Chloroquine,
Pyrazinamide,
Pyrimethamine,
Ethambutol,
Theophyline,
Proguanil,
Acyclovir,
Sulfamethoxazole,
Isoniazide,
Trimethoprin,
Dapsone, Ampicillin, Nalidixic Acid, Cyclophosphamide.
B. Heterocyclic Chemistry
10 Marks
Synthesis of slected heterocyclic systems: Pyrrole, Furan, Thiophene, Indole,
Benzofuran, Quinoline, Isoquinoline, Acridine, Pyrazole, Imidazole, Isoxazole,
Oxazole, Thiazole, Pyradazine, Pyrimidine, Pyrazine, Quinazolene, Quinaxoline,
Cinnoline
C. Stereochemistry
Important
teminology,
10 Marks
Isomer,
Configurational
isomer,
Enantionmer,
Diastereomer, Homoner, Absolute configuration, Relative configuration etc. R
and S configuration, D and L nomenclature, E and Z isomer. Classification of
isomer with respect to sterochemistry.
Optical activity due to molecule
dissymmetry ( Allenes, Biphenyl). Conformational Analysis : Monosubstituted
cyclohexane and Disubstituted cyclohexane, Decaline derrivatives
4
Physical and Materials Chemistry
A. Electrochemistry
10 Marks
Classification of conductors. The mechanism of electrolysis. Electrolytic
dissociation theory. Faraday’s laws of electrolysis. Electrochemical cells, cell
potentials, electrode potentials, calculation of cell potentials and currents in
electrochemical cells. Types of polarization. Types of electroanalytical methods.
Ion selective electrodes: Types of ion-selective electrodes:Glass, liquid ionexchange membrane, neutral carrier membrane, coated wire, gas sensing, air gap
and biomembrane electrodes. Classification of polarographic techniques:DC, AC,
differential, pulse and square wave
polarography. Types of polarographic
currents, principles and instrumentation.
Principle and amperometric titration
techniques: Dropping mercury electrode, rotating platinum microelectrode and
dead stop.
B. Nuclear Chemistry
10 Marks
Introduction of radioactivity, mass defect, binding energy, mean binding energy of
stable nuclei. Disintegration theory: Nuclear stability and group displacement law.
Synthesis of radioisotopes:
measurement
of
14
C,
radioactivity:
3
H,
35
S,
36
Cl,
Ionization
82
Br,
131
I,
chamber,
32
P. Detection and
Geiger-
Muller,
proportional, scintillation counters, Wilson cloud chamber, Health physics
instrumentation: Film badges, Pocket ion chambers, portable counters and survey
meters, Accelerators: Van dee Graff and cyclotron. Characteristics of nuclear
reactors and their applications. Selection of radioisotopes as tracer. Applications
of radioisotopes as tracers-analytical, physico-chemical, medical, agriculture and
industrial applications. Neutron activation analysis. Radiometric titrations and
isotope
dilution
techniques.
Radiopharmaceutical,
radioimmunoassay
and
radiation sterilization.
5
C. Materials Chemistry
10 Marks
Definition and classification of liquid crystals. Effect of chemical constituent and
lateral substituent on liquid crystal behavior. Importance of thermal analysis in
various fields of chemistry. Effects of various operating parameters on thermal
analysis.
Classification of polymers. Types of polymer chains. Stereo regular
polymers. Polymer nomenclature. Functionality and polymerization concept:
Chain polymerization, polycondensation, Stepwise polymerization and ring
scission polymerization and their kinetic aspects. Experimental polymerization
techniques. Molecular weight determination by end-group analysis, cryoscopy,
ebulliometry, membrane osmometry, vapor pressure osmometry, GPC and
Ultracentrifugation
(Sedimentation
velocity
and
equilibrium
methods).
Determination of viscosity and types of viscosities. Determination of intrinsic
viscosity, Huggin’s constant and Kraemer’s constant. Intrinsic viscosity and
molecular weight relationship.
Types of plastics, elastomers and fibers. Compounding and processing
techniques:
Calendaring,
die
casting,
rotational
casting,
film
casting,
compression molding, injection molding, blow molding, extrusion molding, thermo
forming and foaming.
6
Pharma- Analytical Chemistry
A. Electrochemistry
10 Marks
Classification of conductors. The mechanism of electrolysis. Electrolytic
dissociation theory. Faraday’s laws of electrolysis. Electrochemical cells, cell
potentials, electrode potentials, calculation of cell potentials and currents in
electrochemical cells. Types of polarization. Types of electroanalytical methods.
Ion selective electrodes: Types of ion-selective electrodes:Glass, liquid ionexchange membrane, neutral carrier membrane, coated wire, gas sensing, air gap
and biomembrane electrodes. Classification of polarographic techniques:DC, AC,
differential, pulse and square wave polarography. Types of polarographic
currents, principles and instrumentation. Principle and amperometric titration
techniques: Dropping mercury electrode, rotating platinum microelectrode and
dead stop.
B. Anlysis of Industrial Products
Pesticides and Insecticides
10Marks
Principle of analysis of selected pesticides: Aldrin, DDT.Carbaryl, Dichlorovos,
Endosalphan, Parathion, Phosphamidon,
Drug analysis
Penicillin, Aspirin, Sulphadrugs. Limit tests for Arsenic, Iron, Lead, Cadmium,
Chloride, and Sulphate.
Cement analysis
R 2 O 3 , CaO, MgO, Na, K determination cements.
Fertilizer analysis
Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium estimation in fertilizers.
C. Regulatory Affairs
10 Marks
Definitions of SOP, calibration, validation, standardization qualification, GMP,
GLP, ICH guidelines, schedule-M.
7
SAURASHTRA UNIVERSITY
Syllabus for Ph.D. Entrance Test
Section – II (Specialization – Industrial Chemistry) (30 Marks)
FLIUD MECHANICS:
(3)
• Design of flow meters (Venturimeter, Orificemeter, pitot tube), Various types of
Manometers (U tube manometer, Differential Manometer)
INDUSTRIAL UNIT OPERATIONS:
(3)
• Heat transfer co-efficient, thermal diffusivity.
• Heat conduction equations Heat transfer from extended surfaces.
• Planck’s distribution low, Stefan Boltzmann Law and Kirchhoff’s law, LMTD.
• Size reduction apparatus (Jaw crusher, Ball mill)
INDUSTRIAL UNIT PROCESSES
• Halogenation, Alkylation, Nitration, Sulphonation.
(3)
KINETICS OF HOMOGENEOUS REACTIONS AND HETEROGENEOUS
REACTIONS:
(3)
• Single and multiple Reactions, Elementary and Non-elementary reactions,
Molecularity and order of reactions.
• Batch and Continuous reactors, PFR.
MATERIAL SCIENCE:
(3)
• Study of Mechanical Properties – resilience, toughness, creep, fatigue, hardness,
effect of microstructure on properties.
PROCESS CONTROL:
(3)
• Process dynamics and responses of open loop and closed loop systems,
linearization, Transportation lag, Control system, Terminologies
REACTION, REARRANGEMENT AND REAGENTS:
(3)
• Rosenmund Reduction,Sonaga Shira reaction, Suzuki Reaction, Vilsmeier-Haack
reaction, Mitstunobu reaction
• Lossen , Cope, Claisen
• D.D.Q., N.B.S., Sodamide
SU-Ph.D.-ET-Ind.Chem.2011
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FUNDAMENTALS OF STEREOCHEMISTRY:
• R & S, E & Z, Cis & Trans, d & l, Stereochemical descriptors.
• Racemisation and resolution.
• Chirality and its condition.
(3)
SPECTROSCOPY:
(3)
• Elementary principles, sampling methods and applications of IR, PMR and Mass
Spectroscopy for the structural elucidation of organic compounds
.
HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY:
(3)
Nomenclature, Synthesis, Reactivity of
• 5 member Heterocycles containing 2 hetero atoms (Imidazole, Thiazole,
Oxazole,).
• 6 member Heterocycles containing Nitrogen (Pyridine, Pyrimidine, Pyrazine)
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SU-Ph.D.-ET-Ind.Chem.2011
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