Heat and Temperature
Physical Science
Chapter 14
Temperature
Hot and cold can be used to describe
temperature.
Heat is related to temperature, but they
are not the same thing.
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Tiny moving particles
All matter is made up of tiny particles that
are in constant motion.
The particles have kinetic energy.
The faster they move, the more they have.
Temperature is a measure of the average
kinetic energy of the particles in a sample
of matter.
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Temperature
Which particles are moving faster, those in
a hot cup of coffee or those in a bowl of
ice cream?
The coffee – higher temperature means
more kinetic energy, which means that the
particles are moving faster
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Thermometers
Glass – use expansion of liquids
Liquids expand when heated and move up the
tube
In Thermostats – use expansion of metals
Metals expand at different rates when heated
Makes coil wind or unwind and moves pointer
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Temperature Scales
 Fahrenheit –
Water freezes at 32 °F and boils at 212 °F
Used in US for weather
 Celsius –
Water freezes at 0 °C and boils at 100 °C
Used in US for science and for nearly everything in
most of the world
 Kelvin –
Water freezes at 273.15 K and boils at 373.15 K
Degree symbol not used
Each degree is the same size as a Celsius degree
Used for science
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Converting between temperature
scales
TF  1.8TC  32.0
TF  32.0
TC 
1.8
TK  TC  273
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Examples
Practice problem 2 on page 477:
complete the table.
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