Chapter 10
Are there Rival
Causes?
1. A plausible alternative
explanation that can explain why a
certain outcome occurred is
0%
a. an excuse
b. a filibuster
c. a rival cause
13
an excuse
a filibuster
a rival cause
2. The following key words indicate
causal thinking, except
a. increases the
likelihood
b. in contrast
c. contributes to
d. deters
10
0%
increases ...
in contrast
contribute...
deters
3. Whose responsibility is it to
generate rival causes?
0%
t
cr
iti
c
e
th
go
ve
e
th
al
rn
m
en
r.
or
o
au
th
e
th
0%
r..
.
0%
..
or
g.
..
npr
of
it
10
0%
no
a. non-profit
organizations
b. the author or
speaker
c. the government
d. the critical reader
or listener
4. Causal oversimplification
ignores
a. contributory
causes
b. “a cause, not the
cause”
c. critical thinking
d. all of the above
10
0%
contributory causes
“a cause, not the...
critical thinking
all of the above
5. If a study is carried out using
proper scientific research you don’t
have to consider rival causes.
a. True
b. False
ls
e
0%
Fa
0%
Tr
ue
10
6. Failing to recognize that two events may
be influencing each other is a reasoning
fallacy
0%
c
...
an
d
bo
th
b
on
f
ca
lle
d
C
ou
at
y
th
0%
us
i
ou
l
sh
eg
le
N
d
lle
0%
...
ct
...
0%
ca
a. called Neglect of
a Common Cause
b. that you should
look out for
c. called Confusion
of Cause and
Effect
10
d. both b and c
7. “Neglect of a ______ Cause” is a fallacy
that doesn’t recognize that ______ events
may be related because of the effects of a
______ factor.
0%
tw
on
,
m
m
co
..
as
o,
t
so
c.
..
,.
ut
or
y
nt
rib
0%
...
0%
pr
im
ar
y,
10
co
a. contributory,
some, outside
b. common, two,
third
c. primary,
associated,
correlating
8. Which is not an example of Post hoc
Fallacy in reasoning?
0%
..
lo
.
pe
or
e
da
y
M
op
l
tin
g
e
lif
d.
..
un
al
k
w
er
ev
N
0%
e.
..
0%
M
a. Never walk under
ladders.
b. My dating life
increased after my
cosmetic surgery.
c. More people lost
their jobs right after
Obama was elected.
10
9. Which is not an example of the
fundamental attribution error?
a. “Of course she can,
she’s Hispanic.”
b. “That’s just the way
he is.”
c. “The devil made me
do it!”
d. “Boys will be boys”
0%
“Of course...
20
“That’s ju...
“The devil...
“Boys will...
10. In evaluating rival causes, you
should look at
s.
..
ei
r
th
co
n
ei
r
th
fu
tu
re
si
st
e.
na
ot
io
em
ei
r
0%
..
0%
...
0%
th
a. their emotional
soundness
b. their consistency
with other
knowledge that you
have
c. their future success
in explaining or
predicting events
10