NAME: ____________________ DATE: _____________________ CLASS: ____________________
Unit 3 Middle East Government and Econ Study & Review Guide
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1. What is a unitary system of government?
The HEAD government possess most of the power and authority. Central government=Arms=No real
power.
2. What is a confederation system of government?
Has a weak central government and strong local government. Example: Civil War
3. What is an autocratic type of government? How is the leader chosen, and what are the rights of the
citizen like? What Middle East country has this type of government?
Government in which one person possess unlimited power-ruled by one person. Ruler=dictator or
autocrat.
Citizens do NOT vote
Saudia Arabia
4. What is an Oligarchic type of government? How is the leader chosen, and what are the rights of the
citizen like? What Middle East country USED to have this type of government?
Government in which the power is in the hands of a FEW people that join together to form a combined
power like a dictator.
Citizens have a very limited role.
Iran
5. What is a democracy? How is the leader chosen, and what are the rights of the citizen like? What Middle
East country has this type of government?
People put the head of state into power
Power lies in the people/citizens
Israel
6. What is a Theocracy? How is the leader chosen, and what are the rights of the citizen like? What Middle
East country has this type of government? What religion is this country based on they based on?
Government that is run by following beliefs of a religion
Corrupt and dishonest
Iran
Islam
7. Which Middle East country has an Absolute Monarchy? What does ABSOLUTE MONARCHY mean?
Saudia Arabia
King makes all decisions and has ABSOLUTE POWER
8. What is a Parliamentary Democracy? How is the leader chosen, and what are the rights of the citizen
like? What Middle East country has this form of government?
A president or prime minister is the head of state
The people elect the members of the parliament
Israel
9. What kind government does Iran have?
Theocratic Republic
10. What is an autocratic government?
One person possess ALL power
11. What is a federal government?
Power is split between people to government
12. What kind of economy AND government does Israel have?
Parliamentary Democracy
Mixed, mostly market economy
13. What kind of economy AND government does Saudi Arabia have?
Absolute Monarchy
Mixed-mostly command economy
14. What kind of economy does Turkey have?
Mixed, slightly market
15. What is OPEC and what effect does it have on the rest of the world’s economy?
Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries
They decide how much oil will be exported at any given time and control the price of oil to help
themselves.
16. What is specialization and how does it affect how countries trade with each other?
A country really good at developing a product for the economy.
If a country needs more of a product but they don’t produce as much as they need for the other
countries, that one gets less.
17. Explain what water rights are and how it affects the Middle East?
Water rights are who owns the water and it affects the ME because there isn’t much water
18. Explain what effects a country’s literacy rate has on a country. Give an example of a country with a high
literacy rate and one with a low literacy rate in the Middle East.
Effects the economy with a higher standard of living
Israel
Afghanistan
19. What do the letters GDP stand for and what does it mean?
Gross Domestic Product- the total amount of goods and services produced in a country in one year.
20. What is a developing nation AND a developed nation? Give an example of a developing and developed
nation.
Developed nation- is a nation that has a fully developed government and a developing nation does not
(Saudia Arabia and Turkey)
21. A country’s ability to improve economic growth depends on its ability to improve it’s what?
Literacy Rate
22. Why do countries have different exchange rates for their currency?
Different countries have different types of currency and different rates
23. What type of economy do most countries in the Middle East specifically have?
Command Economy
24. What is the purpose of OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries)?
The purpose of OPEC is to control the price of oil so people aren’t making the prices go up and down for
no reason
25. Describe the following:
a. Tariffs- a tax on imports
b. Embargos- to stop or restrict trade
c. Quotas- to put a limit on goods imported or exported
26. What is a natural trade barrier (you must also give an example of one):
When something natural is in your way of trade (mountains, deserts)
27. What is a political trade barrier (you must also give an example of one):
When another country (people) puts an embargo. (USA and Cuba)
28. What organization helped to create the modern state of Israel in 1948?
United Nations
29. What led the United States to war in Afghanistan in 2001?
9/11
30. War broke out in 1991 due to Saddam Hussein’s invasion of Kuwait. What is the name of this war?
Operation Desert Storm/The Persion Gulf War
31. Who are the founders of: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam?
J-Abraham
C-Jesus
I-Muhammad
32. What are the sacred texts of: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam?
J-Torah
C-Bible
I-Qu’ran
33. List the 5 Pillars of Islam:
1. Believe in ONE God
2. Pray towards Mecca
3. Give to the poor
4. Fast during Ramadan
5. Take journey to (Hajj) Mecca once in lifetime
34. What is the main difference between Judaism and Christianity?
J-Believe that the Messiah will come
C-Believe that the Messiah has come and will return
35. What was the Exodus?
A journey when Moses led his people out of Egypt
36. In 2003 the US invaded a country because they believed Saddam Hussein was supporting terrorism and
collecting WMD’s. What is the name of this country?
Iraq
37. What is the most dominate ethnic group in the Middle East?
Arabs
38. What minority ethnic group is found in Iraq, Iran, Syria, & Turkey?
Kurds
39. What ethnic group makes up 50 percent of the population of Iran and speaks Farsi?
Persians
40. What are the differences between and ethnic group and religious group?
Religious-Share same religion
Ethnic- Share cultures ideas and beliefs
41. Why did the United Nations create Israel for the Jews in 1948?
Because of the suffering from Holocaust and needed a place to stay
42. Why are the Jews and Palestinians fighting (list three things):
Land
Water
Oil
43. What is interdependence and what is it important to countries when they trade?
A relationship between countries in which they rely on each other for resources, services and goods.
44. List the 3 questions all countries and businesses must ask themselves when creating a product:
What to produce?
How to produce?
For whom to produce?
45. Define in your own words what a traditional economic system is: When you repeat what your ancestors
did46. Define in your own words what a command economic system is:
When the government controls businesses
47. Define in your own words what a market economic system is:
Businesses owned by people not owned by the government
48. Explain why MOST economic systems are MIXED:
Because some things the government can’t control and other things the government must control.
COMPLETE THE MAP SECTION!!!
Locate the following Countries and Physical Features
Tigris River, Euphrates River, Jordan River, , Gaza Strip, Red Sea, Strait of Hormuz, Persian Gulf, Arabian Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Suez Canal
Afghanistan, Iraq, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Israel, Turkey, Pakistan, Egypt