REPORTED SPEECH SWOOSH 9 Cláudia Regina Abreu | Cidália Sousa | Vanessa Reis Esteves What’s the difference? Anne said: “Jack wrote a great story.” Anne said that Jack had written a great story. The first sentence is in direct speech. The second sentence is in reported speech. What’s the difference? DIRECT SPEECH The exact words someone said. Jack wrote a great story. REPORTED SPEECH We use the reported speech when we are telling someone what another person said or thought, but do not use their exact words. I want to be a writer when I grow up. Jack said that he wanted to be a writer when he grew up. REPORTED SPEECH Remember that: When we report a statement, we use reporting verbs such as say, tell, explain, inform, etc. often followed by that. Sarah said “I’m happy.” Sarah said that she was happy. REPORTED SPEECH Remember that: Quotation marks are not used. Sarah said “I’m happy.” Sarah said that she was happy. REPORTED SPEECH Remember that: Verb tenses, pronouns and some “time” and “place” expressions may change because the time, place and speaker may be different in reported speech. Sarah said “I’m happy.” Sarah said that she was happy. REPORTED SPEECH Remember that: If the time, place and speaker are different, some changes need to be made. • Verb tenses • Subject pronouns • Object pronouns • Possessive determiners • Expressions of time • Expressions of place REPORTED SPEECH Verb Tenses Direct speech Reported speech Present simple Past simple I love reading novels. She said that she loved reading novels. Present continuous Past continuous He is reading a novel. He said that he was reading a novel. REPORTED SPEECH Verb Tenses Direct speech Reported speech Past simple Past perfect I read an interesting book. She said that she had read an interesting book. Present perfect Past perfect She has read an interesting book. She said that she had read an interesting book. Future Conditional I’ll call you. He said that he would call me. REPORTED SPEECH Personal pronouns Direct speech Reported speech I he / she you I / we / he / she / they we they me him / her you me / us / her / him / them us them S U B J E C T O B J E C T REPORTED SPEECH Personal pronouns My mother is a famous author. I love my mother’s work. Lucy said that her mother was a famous author. Lucy said that… she loved her mother’s work. REPORTED SPEECH Possessives Direct speech Reported speech my his / her your my / our / his / her / their our their mine his / hers yours mine / ours / his / hers / theirs ours theirs A D J E C T I V E S P R O N O U N S REPORTED SPEECH Time expressions Direct speech Reported speech now then today / tonight that day / that night this morning that morning yesterday tomorrow the day before/ the previous night the next / following day last month the previous month REPORTED SPEECH Today I am very happy. My best friend and I are going on a school trip. Which words need to be changed? REPORTED SPEECH Today I am very happy. My best friend and I are writing a story for school. Lucy said (that)… that day she was very happy. Lucy said that… she and her best friend were writing a story for school. REPORTED SPEECH Other expressions Direct speech Reported speech here there this place that place these those REPORTED SPEECH Remember that: When we report a statement, we use reporting verbs such as say, tell, explain, inform, … • SAY + something • TELL + someone + something REPORTED SPEECH SAY + something TELL + someone + something Jack said that he wanted to be a writer. I want to be a writer. Jack told me that he wanted to be a writer. REPORTED SPEECH SAY + something TELL + someone + something I love you, mum. Tricia told her mum that ?she loved her. REPORTED SPEECH Time to PRACTISE Choose the best option. REPORTED SPEECH I like my school. Mary said that she liked her school. REPORTED SPEECH I spend a lot of time reading at night. Mary said that she spent a lot of time reading at night. REPORTED SPEECH My favourite book genre is science fiction. Mary said that her favourite book genre was science fiction. REPORTED SPEECH My brother doesn’t like reading. Mary said that her brother didn’t like reading. REPORTED SPEECH Today I’m buying a new book. Mary said that that day she was buying a new book. REPORTED SPEECH I’ve finished writing a story for the school competition. Mary said that she had finished writing a story for the school competition. REPORTED SPEECH To PRACTISE some more… Open your book on page 147.