Presentation on Pumps
By
G.MURALIKRISHNA
EE(E) BSNL ED-1
An Overview
 Types of Pumps
 Features of various Pumps
 Selection of pumps
 Performance Calculation
 Flow control strategies
 Energy saving measures in Pumps
Types of Pumps
 Dynamic Pumps
• Centrifugal
• Special effect pumps
 Displacement Pumps
• Rotary
• Reciprocating
Order of Preference
 Centrifugal
 Rotary
 Reciprocating
Pumps Used in Building Services
 Sump Pumps
• Monobloc
 Bore well Pumps
• Submersible Pumps
• Jet Pumps
Centrifugal Pumps
 Very simple design
 Two main parts are the impeller and the
diffuser
 Impellers
• Bronze
• poly carbonate
• cast iron
 stainless steel
Pressure developed by the Pump
 depends upon
•
•
•
•
Impeller dia
No.of impellers
size of the impeller eye
shaft speed
Size of the pump
 Depends on
• Head
• Capacity
Advantages of centrifugal Pump
 Very efficient
 Produce smooth and even flow
 Reliable with good service life
Disadvantages
 Loss of priming easily
 Efficiency depends upon operating design
head & speed.
Submersible Pumps
 Centrifugal pump closely coupled with
motor
 Does not require long drive shaft
 Motor operates at a cooler temperature.
 Noiseless operation.
 High efficiency
 Smooth and even flow
 In case of repair full pump to be removed.
Jet Pumps
 Combination of a surface centrifugal pump,
nozzle and venturi arrangement.
 Used in small dia bore wells.
 Simple design
 Low purchase and maintenance cost.
 Easy accessibility to all moving parts.
 Low efficiency.
DSM measures to reduce
consumption in pumps
Demand side management measures
 Use of friction less foot valve.
 Use of HDPE pipes
 Use of appropriate capacitor.
 Use of higher size suction pipe compared to
delivery pipe.
Pump Performance calculation
 Overall Efficiency =
Hydraulic power ( P2) X
100/ Power input ( P1)
 Pump efficiency. = Hydraulic power ( P2) X
100/ Power input to pump shaft ( P3)
 Hydraulic Power ( P2) = Q X Total Head ( hd hs ) X p X g / 1000
 Q = discharge in m³/s
 p = density of fluid in
kg/ m³
 g = acceleration due to gravity ( m/s²)
 P1 = 1.732 X V X I X pf
 P3 = P1 X eff.of motor.
Key Parameter for determining
efficiency
 Flow
 Head
 Power
Flow Measurement Techniques




Tracer Method
Ultrasonic flow measurement
Tank filling method
Installation of online flow meter
Determination of total head
 Suction head
• measured from pump inlet pressure gauge
reading
 Discharge head
• This is taken from the pump discharge side Pr.
gauge
Typical name plate details of
pump
 Pumps: (Monoblock Pumps used for
Drinking water)
•
•
•
•
•
Sl.No ITEM
1
Make
2 Capa hp/kW
3 Pipe sizes S/D
4
Head
Pump1
Pump2
Beacon
Beacon
5 (3.7)
5 (3.7)
65/50 mm 65/50 mm
25 m
25 m
Typical name plate details of
pump
• 5
Discharge
• 6
Amps
• 7Overall Efficiency
8 L/s
8
47%
8 L/s
8
47 %
Typical performance
calculations
 PUMP
EFFICIENCY CALCULATION
SHEET
 SL.NO. ITEM Pump1 Pump2 Units
 1 Voltage
406
407
volts
 2 Current
6.0
6.6
amps
3
P.F
0.83
 4 Power input 3.5
0.82
3.48
KW
Typical performance
calculations
5
6
7
8
9
Dis. Head 22.2
Suc.Head
2.2
discharge 8
Hyd.Power 1.57
Pump Effi. 44.85
22.2
m
2.2
m
8
L/s
1.57 KW
45.10
Typical observations/
Recommendations
1. Replace the existing discharge line with
the 50 mm dia pipes to reduce the friction
losses.
 2. Provide water level switch to switch off
the pump sets as soon as the Tank is filled.
 3. Replace the existing pump sets with
high efficiency pump sets.

Factors to be considered from
user side
 Size pump correctly
 Operate close to the best efficiency point.
 Size all piping and valves correctly
 Avoid all leakages.
Flow control Strategies
 Varying speed
 Pumps in parallel
 stop/start control
 Flow control valve
 By pass control valve
 Trimming impeller
 Use of VFDS
Energy conservation
opportunities in pumping
 Operate pump near best efficiency point.
 Replace old pumps by energy efficient
pumps
 Reduce system resistance by pressure
drop assessment and pipe size
optimization.
 Provide booster pump for few areas of
higher head.
Energy conservation
opportunities in pumping
 Conduct water balance to minimize water
consumption.
 Ensure availability of instruments like
pressure gauges, flow meters.
 Repair seals and packing to minimize water
loss.
 Avoid valves in discharge side as far as
possible.
 Operate pumpset during non-peak hours.
Thank You